Advancing methods to develop behaviour change interventions: A Scoping Review of relevant ontologies

Transcription

1 Advancing methods to develop behaviour change interventions: A Scoping Review of relevant ontologies Participating organisations Emma Ailbhe Finnerty Janna Hastings Gillian Stokes Susan Michie A Collaborative Award funded by

2 The Human Behaviour-Change Project Brings together behavioural science, computer science and systems architecture to create: 1. An ontology of behaviour change interventions (BCI) and evaluation reports 2. A largely automated feature extraction system to read BCI evaluation reports 3. A BCI database containing information from evaluation reports structured according to the ontology 4. Reasoning and machine learning algorithms to synthesise this information in response to user queries 5. An interface for computers and human users to interact with the system

3 What is an ontology? A system for representing knowledge in the form of: Entity 1. A set of unique identifiers of entities 2. Labels and definitions for these 3. Specification of relationships between them ( is a, part of, positively influences ) Entity Relationship Entity Examples: Gene Ontology, Mental Functioning Ontology Arp R, Smith B, & Spear AD (2015). Building ontologies with basic formal ontology.

4 Scoping Review Research Questions 1) What existing ontologies exist related to human behaviour change? 2) What methods were used to develop these ontologies? 3) What is the quality of these ontologies? Pre-registration of review: PROSPERO (CRD )

5 Scoping Review Methods 1) Electronic bibliographic databases: ACM Digital, IEEE Explore, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science - Keywords: ontology, health and behaviour. 2) Key ontology sources: Ontology repositories (e.g OBO Foundry, BioPortal), Cochrane s PICO ontology and medical vocabularies (e.g SnoMED CT) 3) Expert consultation Inclusion criteria: relevant topic, describing development of ontology, downloadable ontology, English language

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7 What existing ontologies exist related to human behaviour change? 16 ontologies identified:

8 What existing ontologies exist related to human behaviour change? Example: Health Behaviour Change Ontology: Bickmore et al. 2011; J Biomed Inform. Developed for automated behaviour change counselling Focused on understanding client-patient relationship X incomplete representation of theories & concepts X not updated

9 What methods were used to develop identified ontologies? Incorporating existing resources Techniques Taxonomies Terminologies Ontologies User feedback Data-driven 3/16 5/16 11/16 7/16 5/16

10 Techniques User feedback 7/16 What methods were used to develop identified ontologies? Exposure Ontology Mattingly et al. (2012). Environmental Science & Technology

11 What is the quality of these ontologies? Criteria for ontology adequacy Uses unique identifiers (URIs) for each class Clear definitions for all terms Well-organised, hierarchical structure Maintained (usually by a community) Criterion on content Comprehensive for human behaviour change interventions 12/16 (75%) 10/16 (62.5%) 14/16 (87.5%) 10/16 (62.5%) 0/16 (0%) 9/16 identified ontologies available on OBO Foundry = higher quality Need for comprehensive, high quality ontology for BCIs

12 Take-home messages Researchers No existing ontologies capture the breadth of detail required to describe and enhance behaviour change interventions Industry/Practice Ontologies can be used to model and describe complex fields

13 The Human Behaviour-Change Project Questions and

14 What existing ontologies exist related to human behaviour change? (1/2) Name Authors Area Cognitive Atlas (COGAT) Poldrak et al. (2011). Frontiers Neuro Cognitive neuroscience, mental processes Cognitive Paradigm Ontology (COGPO) Turner et al. (2012). Neuroinfo Behavioural & cognitive experiments Emotions & Cognition Ontology Gil et al. (2015). Comp Human Beh Emotions, cognitions Emotion Ontology (MFOEM) * Hastings et al. (2011). ICBO Emotions Epidemiology Ontology (EPO) * Pesquita et al. (2014). J Biomed Sem Epidemiology, statistics Exposure Ontology (EXO) * Mattingly et al. (2012). Env Sci Tech Health Behaviour Change Ontology Bickmore et al. (2011). J Biomed Info Exposure science, toxicology, health Behaviour change, automated dialogue systems Human Disease Ontology (DOID) * Schriml et al. (2011). Nuc Acid Res Physical & mental disease * = Registered on OBO Foundry

15 What existing ontologies exist related to human behaviour change? (2/2) Name Authors Area Mental Disease Ontology (MFOMD) * Ceusters & Smith. (2010). J Biomed Sem Mental disease, individual dispositions Mental Functioning Ontology (MF) * Hastings et al. (2012). ICBO Mental functioning and processes Neuro Behaviour Ontology (NBO) * Gkoutos et al. (2012). Int Rev Neuro Behavioural processes & phenotypes, animals & humans Neurological Disease Ontology Jensen et al. (2013). J Biomed Sem Neurological disease, etiology Ontology of Medically Related Social Entities (OMRSE) * Hicks et al. (2016). J Biomed Sem ONTOPSYCHIA Richard et al. (2015). EFMI Psychiatry Semantic Mining of Activity, Social & Health data (SMASH) Phan et al. (2017). Info Sci Social entities related to healthcare, demographics, roles Healthcare data, sustained weight loss Symptom Ontology * Schriml et al. (2010). Nuc Acid Res Symptoms, disease * = Registered on OBO Foundry