FIM SPPB. Barthel Index. ADLs (unspecified scale used) Composite Measure. ADLs (unspecified scale used) Functional ability. Barthel Index; FIM; Other

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1 Supplementary Table 2. Study-level results for Indicators and Potential Indicators within the Functional Ability construct Authors Design Setting Measure Name Definition Granger CV et al Sipila S et al Leigheb F et al Handoll HH et al Avenell A and Handoll HH 2010 Cameron ID et al Giusti A et al Della Rocca GJ and Crist BD 2013 Allen J et al Muir SW and Yohannes AM 2009 Handoll HHG and Sherrington C 2008 Cameron I et al Clinical Audit Systematic Systematic Systematic systematic review SPPB Barthel Index Composite Measure Functional ability Functional ability Barthel Index; ; Other ; Barthel Index; Other; Other Mean Functional Independence Measure () score at admission and discharge Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) including 2.44 m habitual walking speed, five chair rises, timed and standing balance tests at 3 and 6 months Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) as measured by Modified Barthel Index (MBI) Post-operative functional status, including cognitive functioning, mobility and ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL)s Post-operative functional status (cognitive functioning, mobility and ability to perform ADLs) post-operative functional status (cognitive functioning, mobility and ability to perform ADLs) heterogeneity in measures makes it difficult to pool any results, or compare results between studies Functional/mobility outcomes (various) ADL activities measured by Barthel Index (BI) and Lawton indices; motor scores as well as Montebellow Rehab Factor Score ; BI; Elderly Mobility Scale Gait measurement and other objective assessment measures of function Ability to perform ADLs

2 Simpson P 2002 Descriptive Bryant DM et al Timed up and go; Other; Harris Hip Score; Barthel Index Performance-based: timed up and go; walk test. Disease specific: Functional recovery score; Oxford Hip Score; AAOS hip and knee score; Harris hip score; Lower-extremity specific: Lower extremity functional scale; Lower extremity measure. Musculoskeletal specific: Musculoskeletal function assessment. Generic: Functional index measure; Barthel index; OARS Chudyk AM et al Katz scale ADLS and IADLS, as measured by modified Katz Crotty M et al Barthel Index Modified Barthel Index (MBI) at 12 months post-fracture Handoll HHG and Parker MJ 2008 Moseley AM et al HIP ATTACK Investigators Pilot study Other; sit to stand; Barthel Index ; SF36 Failure to regain ADLs Physical performance and mobility examination; sit to stand time; gait aid use; Barthel index (baseline, 4 weeks, and 16 weeks) scores and SF-36 scores 30 days post-randomization Haywood KL et al Nominal group technique Barthel Index; ADLs as measured by BI or Street P and Thompson J 2015 Clinical Audit ; Barthel Index or BI Daurka JS et al across the SF36; Harris Hip Score; Other SF-36 physical function, Harris hip score, and proportion who use walking aids Fernandez MA et al ADLs at admission, 90 days and 1 year post discharge Crotty M et al Independence in physical function: self-care ADLs and home chores

3 Hagsten B et al Trial ADLs and IADLS (self reported). 3-4 days post-operatively and on discharge, and 2 months post-operative Huusko TM et al Roberts HC et al Prospective Other Beaupre LA et al Nielsen KA et al Crotty M et al Parker MJ and Handoll HH 2009 ADL and IADL at 3 months and 1 year post-op Experimental Barthel Index Time until sat up post-operatively; time until walked postoperatively; able to walk alone at discharge from orthopaedic unit MBI at 4 and 6 days post-operatively and 3 and 6 months post-fracture ADLs pre-fracture and at acute care discharge Other; Tinetti; Berg Balance Specific Balance Confidence Scale, the Falls Efficacy Scale (Tinetti), the Berg Balance Scale, and the London Handicap Scale measured 4 months post-operatively Systematic Harris hip score Harris hip score at latest follow up (0 to 100: no problems) Egerod I et al Clinical Audit Heikkinen T et al Coleman EA et al Adunsky A et al Tha HS et al had post-operative functional assessment (yes/no); had ADL training (yes/no) Clinical Audit ADLs (physical and cognitive) at baseline and post-fracture Prospective ADLs at 3, 6, and 9 months post-fracture Patients were categorized as having recovered if they attained their prefracture functional score or better. A composite score of the six individual measures of function was computed for each patient. (cognitive and physical) post-surgery and on discharge Barthel Index Change in MBI from admission to discharge

4 Lin PC and Chang SY 2004 Stenvall M et al Kammerlander C et al Shumway-Cook A et al Oude Voshaar RC et al Beringer TR et al Dubljanin-Raspopovic E et al Turner J et al Prospective cohort Barthel Index ADLs from the Chinese version of the BI. Collected prefracture, at discharge from acute care, and 3 months and 1 year post-fracture ADLs a at pre-fracture, on discharge from acute care, and 4 months and 12 months post-fracture Barthel Index ADLs, as measured by (BI) ADLs at 6 months post-discharge Timed up and go; other Up and go test; gait test; functional reach, all measured at baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months Prospective cohort BI at admission, and at 6 and 12 months follow-up Prospective cohort Pragmatic IADLs (unspecified scale used) Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) pre-fracture Barthel Index BI at 28 days, 6 months, and 1 year post-operative. Eisler J et al Prospective cohort score at baseline and 3 and 6 months post-fracture Feldt KS and Oh HL Functional status index (FSI) immediately post-operatively Survey Other 2000 and 2 months post-operatively Goodwin V et al Clinical Audit Other uuual functional ability recorded using standardized score Gjertsen J et al Clinical Audit Charnley class The Charnley class at 4, 12, and 36 months post-fracture Allegrante JP et al. Short-form 36 (SF36) at baseline and 6 months postfracture SF Edgren J et al ADLs;IADLs ADLs and IADLS (baseline and 3 months post intervention)

5 Huusko TM et al Vidan M et al Ziden L et al Prospective Gregersen M et al ADLs and IADLs (unspecified scale used) Frenchay's Activity Index; sit to stand test; IADLs (unspecified scale used); ; other Barthel Index Orive M et al.2015 Prospective cohort Barthel Index; Other Martin-Martin LM et al ADL; IADL at time of fracture Rate of recovery of previous activities of daily living (ADLs) at 3,6, and 12 months post-operative. Frenchay's activity index; sit to stand test; IADLs collected pre-fracture, at discharge from acute care, and at 3 months and 1 year post-fracture; motor scale; Instrumental activity measure, level of independence ADLs measured by modified BI at 30 days and 1 year postoperativelty Measured at baseline and 6 months later using the BI and the Lawton Brody index. Prospective Barthel Index level of independence as measured by modified BI Bliemel C et al Prospective cohort Gregersen M et al Barthel Index; Tinetti; timed up and go Measured at hospital discharge and 6 month follow up with BI, Tinetti test and timed up and go test. Barthel Index MBI day 30 and 1 year after hip# sx Liem IS et al Consensus Meeting ; Barthel Index or BI at 90 days and 1 year after admission Watne LO et al Barthel Index; Nottingham Index Bliemel C et al prospective cohort Barthel Index; MMSE Doshi HK et al prospective cohort Barthel Index Hall SE et al Prospective cohort Barthel Index; Timed up and go; Berg Balance Scale; Frenchay's Activity Index Change in ADL function as measured by BI and Nottingham Extended Index from pre-fracture (self-report) to 4 and 12 months post-operatively. Functional ability as measured by BI at discharge and MMSE score at admission MBI mean score pre-injury, before day of discharge, 6 months and 1 year post-discharge MBI;timed up and go; Berg Balance Scale; Frenchay ADLs, 6-12 months post-fracture

6 Binder EF et al Lai FHY et al Jung HY et al Hershkovitz A et al Young Y et al Population-based cohort Other Difference between physical therapy and low intensity home exercise, between baseline and 6 months postoperative in: Physical performance scores and Functional questionnaire scores Change in score from admission to discharge Functional improvement prior to discharge as measured by ADLs Prospective cohort, absolute and relative functional gain ADLs and IADLs (unspecified scale used) ADLS and IADLS, self-report at 2,6, and 12 months. Change in self-report ADL and IADL. Johansen I et al Prospective cohort Change in ADL function Shiri-Sharvit O et al cohort Absolute (uncorrected) functional gains measured by the instrument and relative (corrected) gains calculated according to the Montebello equation (within 72 hours after admission, and 3 days before discharge). Outcomes were: Total gain, total daily gain, motor gain, motor daily gain (mean +/- SD) Auais M et al and meta-analysis Other; SPPB, Timed up and go; ADLs and IADLs (unspecified scale used); SF36 Knee extension strength for affected side and non-affected side; balance; physical performance-based tests: 6 min walk test, timed up and go test, fast gait speed; ADL; IADL; SF36.

7 Binder EF et al Mangione KK et al Orwig DL et al Sherrington C et al Sylliaas H et al Ziden L et al SPPB; ADLs (unspecified scale used) Other; SF36 Other Other total score on physical performance test, functional status questionnaire, physical function subscale, and ADLs at 3 and 6 months post-operatively Summed lower extremity torque; usual gait speed (m/s); fast gait speed (m/s); 6 min walk distance (meters); mppt; SF36 physical function score at 1 year post-fracture Modified Functional status index; Yale physical activity scale at 2, 6, and 12 months post-fracture Physical performance and mobility examination after 2 weeks of inpatient rehabilitation Other Nottingham extended ADL score after program. ; Other; timed up and go; Frenchay's activity index Degree of dependency based on motor scale; Instrumental activity measure; timed up and go test; Frenchay's activity index at 1 month post-discharge Edgren J et al ADLs and IADLs (unspecified scale used) Assessed by a questionnaire at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively. Sum scores were computed for basic (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Cary MP et al Mizrahi EH et al Wang CY et al Population-based cohort Smith TO et al Barthel Index; Other mean motor function on discharge, mean motor change (mean motor score on discharge minus mean motor score on admission) - calculated using scores scores at admission to rehabilitation, upon discharge (total ) was administered within 3 days of admission to 3 days from discharge. Functional ability assessed using: bi, Nottingham extended ADLs, Oxford hip score, Bristol ADL score or a timed walk test

8 Latham NK et al SPPB; AM-PAC Functional ability at baseline, 6 months, and 9 months postdischarge as measured by Short Physical Performance Battery; Activity Measure for Post-acute care (AM-PAC) mobility and daily activity range Chang FH et al AM-PAC Activity Measure for Post-acute care (AM-PAC) mobility and daily activity range at 6 months