DAFTAR PUSTAKA. Adams Diagnosis Fisik. Edisi 17.EGC. Jakarta.H Anthony,M., Bronwyn,A.K Pulse Pressure A Review of Mechanisms

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1 DAFTAR PUSTAKA Adams Diagnosis Fisik. Edisi 17.EGC. Jakarta.H Anthony,M., Bronwyn,A.K Pulse Pressure A Review of Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance. J Am Coll Cardiol; 37: Apahamian,I., Martinelli, J.E., Neri, A.L., Yassuda, M.S The Clock Drawing Test. A review of its accuracy in srenning for dementia. Dement & Neuropsychologia; 3(2) : Britt- Marie,S., Eva,E., Sojka,P One year follow up of mild traumatic brain injury: cognition, disability and life satisfaction of patients seeking consultation. J Rehabil Med; 39: Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Penyakit Dalam Indonesia. Jakarta Pusat. Crum, R. M., Anthony, J. C., Bassett, S. S., & Folstein, M. F. (1993). Population-based norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and educational level. Journal of the American Medical Association, 269, Devinsky, D Esposito M Neurology of cognitive and behavioral disorders. New York. Oxford : Oxford University Press US. Folstein, M.F., Folstein S.E., McHugh P.R Mini-mental state: A practical methode for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res; 12: Green, J.H Fisiologi Kedokteran. Publish: Bina Aksara Purba. 100

2 Giordano,N., Tikhonoff,V., Palatini,P., Bascelli,A., Boschetti,G., Lazzari,F.D Cognitive Functions and Cognitive Reserve in Relation to Blood Pressure Components in a Population-Based Cohort Aged 53 to 94 Years. International Journal of Hypertension; 10: Guo, Z., Fratiglioni, L., Winblad, B., Viitanen, M Blood pressure and performance on the mini-mental state examination in the very old. Crosssectional and longitudinal data from the kungsholmen project. Am J Epidemiol; 145: Guyton & Hall Fisiologi Kedokteran. Edisi 11. EGC. Jakarta. H Insel, K.C., Raymond, F.P., Christine, A., Kyriakos, S., Markides., David V. E., et al Association Between Change in Systolic Blood Pressure and Cognitive Decline Among Elderly Mexican Americans: Data from the Hispanic Established Population for Epidemiology Study of the Elderly Experimental.Aging Research; 31: Kilander,L., Nyman,H., Boberg,M; Hansson,L; Lithell,H Hypertension Is Related to Cognitive Impairment: A 20-Year Follow-up of 999 Men. Hypertension; 31: Kilander,L; Nyman,H; Boberg, M; Lithe, H The association between low diastolic blood pressure in middlle age and cognitive function in old age. Age and Ageing;

3 Kivipelto, M., Helkala, E.L., Laakso, M.P., Hanninen, T., Hallikainen, M., and Alhainen,K., et al Midlife Vascular Risk Factors and Alzheimer s Disease in Later Life: Longitudinal, Population Based Study. MBJ; 322: Kochhann, R., Cerveira, M.O., Godinho, C. Evaluation of Mini Mental State Examination Scores According to Different Age and Education Strata and Sex, in a large Brazilian Healty Sample. Dementia & Neuropsychologia; 3 (2) : Konsensus Nasional Penanganan Trauma Kapitis dan Trauma Spinal Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia. Konsensus Nasional. Pengenalan dan Penatalaksanaan Demensia Alzheimer dan Demensia lainnya, Asosiasi Alzheimer Indonesia. Edisi 1 Jakarta. Konsensus Pengelolaan Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Indonesia, Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia. Balai Penerbit FK UI. Jakarta. Lokaj,P., Jiri,P., Monika,P.G., Katerina,H., Roman, Kubena,P., et al Pulse Pressure in Clinical Practice. European Journal Of Cardiovascular Medicine ; 11: Markam,S Pengantar Neuropsikologi. Balai Penerbit FKUI. Jakarta.H Modul Neurobehaviour Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia.

4 Nation,D.A., Wierenga,C.E., Wood,D.L., Jak,A.J., Delies,D.C., Salmon D.P., et al Elevated pulse pressure is associated with age-related decline in language ability. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 16(5): National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, High Blood Pressure United States.Available from :http ://www. nhibi.nih. gov/ health/dci/diseases /Hbp Whatis, html. Obisesan,TO., Obisesan,O.A., Martins,S., Alamgir,L., Bond,V., et al High blood pressure, hypertension, and high pulse pressure are associated with poorer cognitive function in persons aged 60 and older: The third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Am Geriatr Soc; 56: Penelope,K.E; Merrill,F.E; Michael, A.R; Marc, M.B Blood Pressure- Related Cognitive Decline: Does Age Make a Difference?. Hypertension; 38: Pinto,E., Peters,R Literature Review of the Clock Drawing Test as a Tool for Cgnitive Screening. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord; 27: Qiu,C., Winblad,B., Viitanen,M., Fratiglioni,L Pulse pressure and risk of Alzheimer disease in persons aged 75 years and older: A community-based,longitudinal study. Stroke; 34:

5 Ronny, dr., Mkes., Setiawan,S.,Fatimah Fisiologi Kardiovaskular. EGC. Jakarta. H Richard, E.K Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts : Arterial and Aortic Pulse Pressure. 2 nd edition. Sacco, R.L., Kasner, S.E., Broderick, J.P., Caplan, L.R., Connors, J,J., Culebras, A., et al An updated definition of stroke for the 21 st century: a Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Stroke; 44: Sherwood, Lauralee Fisiologi manusia: Dari Sel ke Sistem. Edisi ke-2. EGC. Jakarta. Sjahrir, H., Ritarwan, K., Tarigan, S., Rambe, A.S., Lubis, I.D., Bhakti, I The Mini Mental State Examination in healthy individuals in Medan, Indonesia by age and education level. Neurol J Southeast Asia; 6:19-22 Strub,R.L., Black,F.W The Mental Status Examination In Neurology. 4 th ed. Philadelphia : F.A. Davis Company. Swan, GE., Dorit, C., Asenath, L Systolic Blood Pressure Tracking Over 25 to 30 Years and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults. Stroke; 29: Taylor,C., Tillin,T., Chaturvedi, N., Dewey, M.C., Hughes A Hypertensive Status and Cognitive Function 20 Years Later J Am Geriatr Soc; 61(9):

6 Van Popele, N.M., Grobbee,D.E., Bots,M.L., Asmar,R., Topouchian, J., Reneman,R.S,. et al Association between arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis: the Rotterdam Study. Stroke; 32: Waldstein,R.S., Carrington,S., Julian F.T., Samer,S., Najjar, Angelo S., et al Pulse Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity Are Related to Cognitive Decline in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Hypertension; 51: Waldstein, R.S., Paul,P.G., Julian,F.T., Alan,B.Z Nonlinear Relations of Blood Pressure to Cognitive Function: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Hypertension; 45: Waxman, S.G The Limbic System. In : Clinical Neuroanatomy. New York : TheMacGraw Hill Companies. Yasar,S., Ko,J.Y, Nothelle,S., Mielke,M.M., Carlson,M.C Evaluation of the Effect of Systolic Blood Pressure and Pulse Pressure on Cognitive Function: The Women s Health and Aging Study; 11: 6-12