2. Name and give the neurotransmitter for two of the three shown (Fig. 26.8) brainstem nuclei that control sleep and wakefulness.

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Put your name here-> BL A-415 Nerve cell mechanisms in behavior - Prof.

Pay close attention to exact information asked. points total. 1. What cells of the cerebellum are shown in this figure (17.

What function does this system subserve? (3 points) 2. Name and give the neurotransmitter for two of the three shown (Fig.

1 Put your name here-> BL A-415 Nerve cell mechanisms in behavior - Prof. Stark BL A-615 Neural bases of behavior Final examination - Tuesday, Dec. 12, noon - 1:50 p.m. Keep "essays" brief. Pay close attention to exact information asked. points total. 1. What cells of the cerebellum are shown in this figure (17.9B) connecting in deep cerebellar nuclei. Where do these deep cerebellar nucleus cells connect? What function does this system subserve? (3 points) 2. Name and give the neurotransmitter for two of the three shown (Fig. 26.8) brainstem nuclei that control sleep and wakefulness. (4 points) 3. What is the name given to the group of muscle cells labeled in Fig. 15.4? Where is the cell body of that neuron? (2 points)

(2 points) 6. Give an example of the molecule shown as a dot here (Fig 28 Box B).

2 4. What was done to what kind of preparation to create extras of what kind of cell in Fig. 21.9c? (3 points) 5. What is graphed on the X and Y axes here in Fig ? (2 points) 6. Give an example of the molecule shown as a dot here (Fig 28 Box B). What is the molecule to which it binds (the one that translocates to the DNA?) (2 points)

7. Fig. C (Box B, Chapter 13) shows potassium coming in through channels to depolarize the cell.

How far away from what is shown is the synapse? (4 points) 8. Fig. 17.8b shows outputs of basal ganglia.

nigra. Where (point and name) are lesions performed to relieve Parkinson s disease? (4 points) 9.

3 7. Fig. C (Box B, Chapter 13) shows potassium coming in through channels to depolarize the cell. Why is that unusual? How does it come to work that unusual way? What cell is this? How far away from what is shown is the synapse? (4 points) 8. Fig. 17.8b shows outputs of basal ganglia. Point to and give the name of the one structure shown here which receives input from the substantia nigra. Where (point and name) are lesions performed to relieve Parkinson s disease? (4 points) 9. In what two ways will the receptive fields of neurons of the visual cortex change as this electrode is advanced? (Fig ) (2 points)

epilepsy, describe his ability to identify objects behind a screen

Point to and name the structure that will eventually give rise to

4 10. If the man in Fig had had his corpus callosum sectioned to halt the spread of epilepsy, describe his ability to identify objects behind a screen that he feels with his right hand. (2 points) 11. Point to and name the structure that will eventually give rise to superior and inferior colliculi. (Fig ) (2 points) 12. Capsaicin is shown in Box B (Chap. 14). What does this molecule do? (1 point)

What nerves innervate the lateral rectus and superior oblique

5 13. Fig shows vertebrate rhodopsin activating transducin. Transducin, in turn, goes on to activate what enzyme that does what to what molecule? (3 points) 14. What nerves innervate the lateral rectus and superior oblique respectively? (Fig. 19.3) (2 points) 15. Here (Fig. 12.9) is a tuning curve in the auditory nerve. What is plotted on the X and Y axes? (2 points)

What cranial nerve is used for input from these fungiform papillae and where does this nerve make its synapse? (Fig. 14.

6 16. As the load is increased, what happens to flexor (biceps) and extensor (triceps) muscles respectively and by what mechanisms? (Fig. 15.9b) (4 points) 17. What cranial nerve is used for input from these fungiform papillae and where does this nerve make its synapse? (Fig a) (2 points) 18. List two of the 4 molecules to which growth cones are shown to bind on extracellular matrix, axons and astrocytes. (Fig. 21.3) (2 points) 19. Where is this (ampulla, cupula, Fig. 13.8a) found? (1 point)

20. In a rat, what happens if this ventromedial nucleus is lesioned?

hypothalamus communicates to the anterior pituitary? (Fig. 28.

7 20. In a rat, what happens if this ventromedial nucleus is lesioned? What is the specific name of the type of hormones with which the hypothalamus communicates to the anterior pituitary? (Fig. 28.5) (2 points) 21. What is the ligand for this TrkA receptor? (Fig ) (1 point) 22. Under what circumstances does this situation of multiple innervations occur in vertebrate striated muscle? (1 point) Fig. 22.1b)

23. The fornix is shown (Fig. 29.6a). It connects what to what?

places on this membrane? (Fig. 12.5) (2 points) 25. Fig. 17.

8 23. The fornix is shown (Fig. 29.6a). It connects what to what? (2 points) 24. What membrane is shown in this hypothetically unrolled cochlea, and what is different about the stimuli that are sensed at different places on this membrane? (Fig. 12.5) (2 points) 25. Fig. 17.5b is in a chapter called modulation of movement Show what part of the cerebral cortex projects to basal ganglia and/or cerebellum? (2 points)

8c) (1 point) 28. What are boss and sev and what are they used for? (Fig. 20.9) (3 points) 29.

9 26. Why would the upper and lower portions of the face respond differently to a unilateral lesion of the primary motor cortex? (Chap. 16 box C figure) (2 points) 27. Where do these axons of first synapse? (Fig. 14.8c) (1 point) 28. What are boss and sev and what are they used for? (Fig. 20.9) (3 points) 29. Here is a model for Long Term Depression (Fig. Box C Chap. 23). To what cell do parallel fibers and climbing fibers connect and where is it? (2 points)

30. Between the top and the bottom, Fig. 26.7 is labeled without time cues.

10 30. Between the top and the bottom, Fig is labeled without time cues. Give the scientific word for what is happening at the top and bottom of the figure when the Night/Day (light/dark) cycle is in effect. What do the data in the middle of the figure tell us? (2 points) 31. What is going on toward the left and toward the right of the Fig experiment on muscle? (2 points) 32. Under what circumstances does the cone become hyperpolarized as shown in Fig ? What does this hyperpolarization do to the release of transmitter substance? (2 points) 33. Where does the rubrospinal tract shown in Fig originate and what function does it serve? (2 points)

34. What is the name of this condition where the image would project behind the retina, and what type of lens would be

In what way are the amino acids labeled? What is the specific part of the thalamus shown?

How would the cortex look if there had been monocular deprivation of form vision while the cat was a kitten?

11 34. What is the name of this condition where the image would project behind the retina, and what type of lens would be used to correct it? (Fig c Box 10A) (2 points) 35. The Chap. 22 figure (Box C) shows a classic experimental technique. In what way are the amino acids labeled? What is the specific part of the thalamus shown? What technique was used to show the results in the cortex? How would these results look for a normal cat? How would the cortex look if there had been monocular deprivation of form vision while the cat was a kitten? (5 points) 36. Describe the molecular structure of this receptor for bitter compounds. Where (in the body) is this receptor? Where is the synapse of this cell? (3 points)

37. Whose areas are shown in Fig. 25.2? What function does area 4 subserve?

What is different about layers 1, 4 and 6 vs. 2, 3 and 5 of the lateral geniculate?

Where are the synapses of the cells of the LGN? (Fig. 11.10a) (4 points) 39. Fig. 16.

12 37. Whose areas are shown in Fig. 25.2? What function does area 4 subserve? What function does area 17 subserve? (3 points) 38. What is different about layers 1, 4 and 6 vs. 2, 3 and 5 of the lateral geniculate? How about 1 and 2 vs 3-6? Where are the cell bodies that sunapse here? Where are the synapses of the cells of the LGN? (Fig a) (4 points) 39. Fig purports to represent the motor cortex. Where is the next synapse in the direct motor output pathway for the face vs for the lower part of the body? (2 points)

40. What is this neural area shown in Fig. 23.2? What model of learning has been intensively studied in this neural area involving a change in responsivity after stimulation?

Where is this structure (fovea) and what is unique to the center of this area in terms of receptors? (2 points) (figure in hyperlink from course site) 42.

13 40. What is this neural area shown in Fig. 23.2? What model of learning has been intensively studied in this neural area involving a change in responsivity after stimulation? Calcium ions are hypothesized to be important in this mechanism. What is the transmitter and pharmacological channel type for this calcium entry? (4 points) 41. Where is this structure (fovea) and what is unique to the center of this area in terms of receptors? (2 points) (figure in hyperlink from course site) 42. Explain why there are these circles to depict LGN neuron receptive fields. By contrast with such circles what is the shape of the receptive field of the cortical neurons to which these LGN neurons connect? (3 points) (figure in hyperlink from course site) 43. Use jargons like you see in this figure to name the top nerve (from the tendon) and the bottom nerve (to the muscle) in this diagram of the reflex. (2 points) (figure in hyperlink from course site)

44. What is this system involving connections to the inferior colliculus and to the medial geniculate? Where is the next connection? (2 points) (figure in hyperlink from course site) 45.

14 44. What is this system involving connections to the inferior colliculus and to the medial geniculate? Where is the next connection? (2 points) (figure in hyperlink from course site) 45. The figure (Box B Chap. 27) Shows the amygdala in the human brain. What happens in the rat if this area is lesioned. (1 point) 46. What is the name of this disorder, and what sort of neural pathology can cause it? (2 points) (Fig. 24.4)

47. After repeated stimulation the gill withdrawal reflex decreases (Fig. 23.9c).

Who recently won a Nobel Prize for this work? (3 points) 48.

s eyes, and what the synchronous stimulation was intended to achieve. (Fig. 22.

15 47. After repeated stimulation the gill withdrawal reflex decreases (Fig. 23.9c). What is the name of this type of simple learning? What is the animal? Who recently won a Nobel Prize for this work? (3 points) 48. Explain this experiment in terms of what TTX is, why it was injected into the preparation s eyes, and what the synchronous stimulation was intended to achieve. (Fig a) (3 points) 49. What is the name given to this developmentally interesting tip of the neurite, and what does it do? (2 points) (Figure on course web site)

What gives this gray matter its striated appearance? The substantia nigra sends a tract to this system that uses what transmitter.

16 50. Rita Levi-Montalchini won a Nobel Prize for studying the affect of what substance that altered this dorsal root ganglion? Within the cytokines, what specific type of molecule is this. (Figure on course web site) (2 points) 51. The sheep brain dissection shows the lentiform body. What gives this gray matter its striated appearance? The substantia nigra sends a tract to this system that uses what transmitter. Why is the substantia nigra so named? What is the name of the disorder of this tract s neurotransmitter release? (4 points) (Figure on web site) 52. What is the PPRF and what is it involved in? (2 points) (Fig. 19.9)

17 53. What is the name of this area labeled for organized motor output? (1 point) (Fig a)

2. What is the name of this junction, and where might it be found? (2 points) (Purves et. al., bottom of Fig. 5.1A) (2 points)

2. What is the name of this junction, and where might it be found? (2 points) (Purves et. al., bottom of Fig. 5.1A) (2 points) Put your name here-> BL A-415 Nerve cell mechanisms in behavior BL A-615 Neural bases of behavior Midterm examination - Tuesday October 10, 2000 - Prof. Stark Keep "essays" brief. Pay close attention to