Lyme Disease Awareness

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1 Lyme Disease Awareness Background The purpose of this health indicator report is to provide information on the level of public awareness and perceived risk of Lyme disease among adults aged 18 and over living in Halton Region. Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted by the bite of an infected blacklegged (deer) tick. 1 Blacklegged ticks are most commonly found in wooded, brushy or tall grassy areas. 1 Lyme disease varies in severity and symptoms. Symptoms of Lyme disease include but are not limited to: a red bulls eye rash, muscle aches, fever, fatigue and headaches. The earlier that Lyme disease is diagnosed, the better the chances are that treatment will be successful. For more information visit the Halton Region Lyme Disease webpage. 1 This health indicator report uses data from the Rapid Risk Factor Surveillance System (RRFSS). Awareness of Lyme Disease Overall Findings Sex In 2016, 88% of Halton adults reported that they had ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease, and 12% were not aware of Lyme disease. In 2016, Halton females were more likely than males to report that they had ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease. This difference was statistically significant. of Halton adults reported that they had ever read, seen or heard anything about Lyme disease ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease, Halton Region, 2016 ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease, by sex, Halton Region, 2016

2 Age Municipality In 2016, Halton adults aged were less likely than all other age groups to report that they had ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease. This difference was statistically significant when comparing adults aged to adults aged 65+. differences by municipality in the percentage of Halton adults who reported that they had ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease. ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease, by age, Halton Region, 2016 ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease, by municipality, Halton Region, 2016 Income Education In 2016, Halton adults in the low income group were less likely than adults in the middle and high income groups to report that they had ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease. These differences were statistically significant. In 2016, there was no statistically significant difference by education in the percentage of Halton adults who reported that they had ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease. read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease, by income, Halton Region, 2016 Percentage of adults aged 25 and over who reported that they had ever read, seen, or heard anything about Lyme disease, by education, Halton Region, 2016

3 Awareness of Lyme Disease Transmission Overall Findings Sex In 2016, 62% of Halton adults knew that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks, and 38% did not know that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks. In 2016, there was no statistically significant difference by sex in the percentage of Halton adults who knew that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks. of Halton adults knew that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks disease is transmitted by ticks, Halton Region, 2016 disease is transmitted by ticks, by sex, Halton Region, 2016 Age Municipality In 2016, Halton adults aged were less likely than all other age groups to know that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks, however, these differences were not statistically significant. In 2016, Halton adults living in Halton Hills were more likely than adults living in all other Halton municipalities to know that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks, however, these differences were not statistically significant. disease is transmitted by ticks, by age, Halton Region, 2016 disease is transmitted by ticks, by municipality, Halton Region, 2016

4 Income Education In 2016, Halton adults in the low income group were less likely than adults in the middle and high income groups to know that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks and these differences were statistically significant. In 2016, the percentage of Halton adults who knew that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks was higher among those who were post-secondary graduates compared to those who were not post-secondary graduates. This difference was statistically significant. disease is transmitted by ticks, by income, Halton Region, 2016 Percentage of adults aged 25 and over who knew that Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks, by education, Halton Region, 2016 Awareness of Lyme Disease Symptoms and Perceived Risk Awareness of Symptoms Perceived Risk In 2016, Halton adults identified the following early symptoms of Lyme disease: In 2016, 7% of Halton adults reported that they believed they were at high risk of getting Lyme disease, 16% believed they were at medium risk, 43% believed they were at low risk, and 35% believed that they were not at risk. Percentage of adults aged 18 and over who identified early symptoms of Lyme disease, Halton Region, 2016 Percentage of adults aged 18 and over who reported their perceived level of risk of getting Lyme disease, Halton Region, 2016

5 Awareness of How to Remove Ticks The following section of this report presents data on the proportion of Halton adults who knew how to correctly remove a tick. The correct way to remove a tick that is attached to your skin is by grasping the tick s head and mouth with tweezers, forceps or another tool, as close to your skin as possible and slowly pulling until the tick is removed. 1 Overall Findings Sex In 2016, 40% of Halton adults knew the correct way to remove a tick and 60% of Halton adults did not know the correct way to remove a tick. In 2016, Halton females were more likely than males to know the correct way to remove a tick and this difference was statistically significant. of Halton adults knew the correct way to remove a tick Percentage of adults aged 18 and over who knew the correct way to remove a tick, Halton Region, 2016 Percentage of adults aged 18 and over who knew the correct way to remove a tick, by sex, Halton Region, 2016 Age Municipality In 2016, Halton adults aged 65+ were more likely than adults aged to know the correct way to remove a tick, however, this difference was not statistically significant. In 2016, adults living in Halton Hills and Burlington were more likely than adults living in Oakville to know the correct way to remove a tick. These differences were statistically significant when comparing adults living in Burlington to adults living in Oakville. Percentage of adults aged 18 and over who knew the correct way to remove a tick, by age, Halton Region, 2016 Percentage of adults aged 18 and over who knew the correct way to remove a tick, by municipality, Halton Region, 2016

6 Income Education differences by income in the percentage of Halton adults who knew the correct way to remove a tick. In 2016, there was no statistically significant difference by education in the percentage of Halton adults who knew the correct way to remove a tick. Percentage of adults aged 18 and over who knew the correct way to remove a tick, by income, Halton Region, 2016 Percentage of adults aged 25 and over who knew the correct way to remove a tick, by education, Halton Region, 2016 Awareness of Lyme Disease Testing Overall Findings Sex In 2016, 41% of Halton adults knew that a tick can be sent for Lyme disease testing and 59% did not know that a tick could be sent for Lyme disease testing. In 2016, there was no statistically significant difference by sex in the percentage of Halton adults who knew that a tick can be sent for Lyme disease testing. of Halton adults reported knowing that a tick can be sent for Lyme disease testing sent for Lyme disease testing, Halton Region, 2016 sent for Lyme disease testing, by sex, Halton Region, 2016

7 Age Municipality differences by age in the percentage of Halton adults who knew that a tick can be sent for Lyme disease testing. differences by municipality in the percentage of Halton adults who knew that a tick can be sent for Lyme disease testing. sent for Lyme disease testing, by age, Halton Region, 2016 sent for Lyme disease testing, by municipality, Halton Region, 2016 Income Education differences by income in the percentage of Halton adults who knew that a tick can be sent for Lyme disease testing. In 2016, the percentage of Halton adults who knew that a tick can be sent for Lyme disease testing was higher among those who were post-secondary graduates compared to those who were not postsecondary graduates, and this difference was statistically significant. sent for Lyme disease testing, by income, Halton Region, 2016 Percentage of adults aged 25 and over who knew that a tick can be sent for Lyme disease testing, by education, Halton Region, 2016

8 Data Notes For more information on RRFSS, methods, statistical significance and limitations associated with health indicator reports, please see the Data Notes and Guide available at Definitions: Responses such as I guess, I think so etc., when asked if the respondent had read, seen or heard anything about Lyme disease were categorized as yes. Responses such as redness, red spots, bumps, itchiness etc., when asked what the early symptoms of Lyme disease are were categorized as rash. Responses such as coughing or cough when asked what the early symptoms of Lyme disease are were categorized as flu-like symptoms. Please note that when asked about level of perceived risk, question wording differed slightly depending on the month of the year. From September to April respondents were asked during the past spring or summer, would you say you are at high risk, medium risk low risk or no risk of getting Lyme disease?, while from May to August respondents were asked during this spring or summer, would you say you are at high risk, medium risk low risk or no risk of getting Lyme disease?. Data Source: Rapid Risk Factor Surveillance System [2016], Halton Region Health Department and Institute for Social Research, York University. Estimates marked with an asterisk (*) should be interpreted with caution due to high variability. References 1. Halton Region. Lyme Disease. Accessed June 2017 from For more health indicator and health status reports, visit the Halton Health Statistics website at Last Revised: July 6th, 2017 Expected Update: 2019

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