A semantic verbal fluency test for English- and Spanish-speaking older Mexican-Americans
|
|
- Bridget Bennett
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) A semantic verbal fluency test for English- and Spanish-speaking older Mexican-Americans Hector M. González a,, Dan Mungas b, Mary N. Haan a a University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 611 Church St., Room 315, Ann Arbor, MI , USA b University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Sacramento, CA, USA Abstract Accepted 11 June 2004 Currently, there are few semantic verbal fluency tests available with appropriate and adequate normative data for older Latinos of Mexican ancestry. The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of language and socioeconomic variables on a semantic verbal fluency test, derive normative data and develop statistical corrections for the effects of significant variables. A large, community-dwelling sample of Latinos of primarily Mexican ancestry over age 60 was asked to name animals with four legs within 1 min in their preferred language of English or Spanish. The total sum of animals named was influenced by age, education, gender, and, to a much lesser extent, language of test administration. Regression coefficients derived from demographic variables were used to adjust raw scores in a general correction formula, and specific percentile cutoff values were identified for these adjusted scores. Normative data tables stratified on demographic variables are also presented National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Hispanic-Americans; Latinos; Mexican-Americans; Neuropsychology; Semantic verbal fluency; Language; Aging 1. Introduction Latinos are now the largest ethnic minority group in the U.S. with about two-thirds being of Mexican ancestry (Census, 2001; Census, 2004; Llorente, Pontón, Taussig, & Satz, 1999). Mexican-Americans in the U.S. are a culturally and socioeconomically diverse group. Within Mexican-Americans, there is considerable variability in not only their adoption of U.S. culture, Corresponding author. Tel.: ; fax: address: hmgonz@umich.edu (H.M. González) /$ see front matter 2004 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi: /j.acn
2 200 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) but also in their cultural experiences and practices from their Mexican or U.S. region of origin. Associated with this cultural diversity are the economic and educational opportunities that are less available to some Mexican-Americans (Wade, 1997). Further, for many older Mexican American adults, educational opportunities were fewer than for younger adults. Finally, as is often the case today, the resources available to schools serving low income, ethnic minority communities were often less than those that are available to other communities. In combination, these present challenges to clinicians and investigators involved in the neuropsychological assessment of older adults and in this case older Mexican-Americans. Neuropsychological tests are needed that are minimally affected by cultural, linguistic, and educational biases that could potentially disadvantage population subgroups, and thereby could negatively affect cognitive impairment detection (Ardila, Rosselli, & Puente, 1994; Pontón & Ardila, 1999). Currently, there are few neuropsychological test batteries that are have appropriate and adequate normative data for older Latinos of Mexican ancestry (Mungas, Reed, Marshall, & González, 2000; Pontón, Satz, Herrera, & Ortiz, 1996). Although there are verbal fluency tests available for Spanish-speakers in other countries (Butman, Allegri, Harris, & Drake, 2000; Rosselli et al., 2000) and Latinos of Caribbean ancestry (Jacobs, Sano, Albert, & Schofield, 1997), there are few semantic verbal fluency tests with appropriate normative data for older Mexican-Americans (La Rue, Romero, Ortiz, Liang, & Lindeman, 1999; Pontón et al., 1996). In the assessment of individuals from culturally different backgrounds and lower educational levels, it is reasonable to select tests that first and foremost address the referral or research questions and are likely to provide a measure of functional ability rather than noise associated with test bias. Tests that rely on commonly experienced events or objects (e.g., shopping lists for recall or animal names) would be preferable to those that are culturally bound and highly literacy dependent (e.g., items from the WAIS Information subtest). Semantic or category verbal fluency tests requiring an individual to name objects that are experienced in daily life would be a sensible choice. These tests are designed to assess verbal abilities and executive function. In addition, the task demands experiential or semantic knowledge (e.g., naming animals), regardless of cultural context, that is not absolutely reliant on formal educational experiences of a particular culture. For example, among Hindi-speaking Indians of the rural district of Ballabgarh which has low literacy rates, semantic verbal fluency was shown to be less influenced by educational level than phonemic verbal fluency (Ratcliff et al., 1998). If tests of semantic fluency are less affected by formal education in groups with low levels of education or who speak a given language, then it becomes important to quantify these influences. There are two objectives in this report: (1) to determine the association of formal education and language, on verbal fluency and (2) to provide normative data for a semantic verbal fluency test based from a community-dwelling sample of 1276 of Mexican-Americans ages 60 and over. 2. Methods 2.1. Participants Participants in this study were recruited as part of the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (SALSA), which is a prospective, cohort study of aging and health among Latinos
3 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) over age 60 (details of the study design can be found in Haan et al., 2003). Participants were eligible for SALSA if: (1) they self-identified as being of Hispanic or Latino ancestry (parents or grandparents), (2) age 60 or over, and (3) English or Spanish was their primary language. All testing was conducted by bilingual/bicultural technicians who received supervised training from a neuropsychologist (H.M.G). Face-to-face interviews were supervised and observed by the same neuropsychologist in the participants home during testing. For this analysis, participants meeting National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer s Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for Alzheimer s disease or California Alzheimer s Disease and Treatment Center criteria for ischemic vascular dementia were excluded from the sample. Details of the multi-stage, dementia ascertainment procedures can be found in Haan et al. (2003). The Spanish English Animal Naming Test (SEANT), like other verbal fluency tasks, required the participant to name animals with four legs within 60 s. The SEANT was embedded within the Modified Mini Mental State exam (3MS; Teng & Chui, 1987). The standard 3MS administration has a 30 s animal fluency task as one of its regular items, but limits the number of responses to 10 items for that 30 s interval. For the SEANT, the time was extended to 60 s, and the number of items admissible was unrestricted. This was done to lessen ceiling effects and to provide an additional test of cognitive functioning that would yield normative neuropsychological data. Initial experience with the animal naming item of the 3MS indicated that 41.2% of SALSA participants gave the ceiling number of 10 responses on this item. The SEANT was administered to 1276 SALSA participants in the first follow-up year (FY1) after the baseline year of SALSA (July 1999 to June 2000). Participants self-selected their preferred language (i.e., English or Spanish) for SEANT administration. This was used in data analyses. Education was measured in years of formal school Statistical adjustment for demographic variables and norms Linear regression was used to estimate the effects of the demographic variables on the dependent measure. The dependent measure was the sum of four-legged animals that were given by the respondent in 60 s. The predictor variables were (age and education in years and language group) (English versus Spanish) and gender (M/F). The unstandardized regression coefficients for the demographic variables derived from these analyses were used to adjust raw scale scores for effects of demographic variables. The general formula for this adjustment was: Adjusted Score = Raw Score b Language b Gender (b Age (Age-70)) (b Education (Education-12)) In this equation, b Language is the coefficient corresponding to the language group of the participant, b Gender is the coefficient corresponding to the gender of the participant, and b Age and b Education are the unstandardized coefficients for age and education. The age of 70 and 12 years of education are arbitrary values selected as standard reference points. The resulting adjusted score is uncorrelated with the demographic variables, but maintains a scale of measurement
4 202 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) similar to that of the raw scores. This is the same approach previously used to adjust the Folstein Mini Mental State exam (Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975; Mungas, Marshall, Weldon, Haan, & Reed, 1996) and SEVLT (González, Mungas, Reed, Marshall, & Haan, 2001a,b) for effects of demographic variables. 3. Results In this sample of 1276 older Latinos, the mean age was 70.3 (S.D. = 6.8); mean education was 7.8 (S.D. = 5.4). Women accounted for 57.4% of the sample, 53.6% were Spanish-speaking and 52.5% were U.S.-born. The Spanish-speaking group was older, t(1, 1274) = 3.85, P <.001, and had fewer years of education, t(1, 1274) = 23.23, P <.001, but the groups did not differ in the percentage of females (χ 2 = 1.58, P =.209). Eighty-five percent of the sample was from Mexico and 15% from another Latin American country. In this sample, 53.3% were administered the SEANT in Spanish Statistical adjustment of scores and norms A normal quantile (Q Q) plot of SEANT responses did not indicate a significantly nonnormal distribution. Polynomial regression was used to evaluate non-linear effects of education and age on SEANT performance. Curve estimations of the functions of years of education indicated that there were significant linear, quadratic and cubic effects; however, the alternatives to the linear function offered very small increases in variance explanation. The linear effect alone accounted for 9.9% of SEANT variance, whereas the combined linear, quadratic, and cubic accounted for 10.2%, which indicates that the non-linear terms explained only 0.3% of additional variance. Age did not show a significantly non-linear relationship with the SEANT. The cross-product interaction term for education and language was not statistically significant (P =.234) and was dropped from the model. This indicates that effects of education were similar in English- and Spanish-speakers. Results of the linear regression model are presented in Table 1. Significant main effects were found between the SEANT and age, education, and gender, and language. Education (4.1%) accounted for the largest proportion of variance, followed by age (3.9%), gender (1.2%), and language (0.4%). The derived unstandardized regression coefficients are presented in Table 2. The dichotomous independent variable coefficients for language or gender were either added or subtracted Table 1 Results of the Regression Analyses for the Spanish English Animal Naming Test B S.E. Beta t P Age (years) Education (years) Gender Language
5 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) Table 2 Derived Unstandardized Regression Coefficients used to create Adjusted Scores for the Spanish English Animal Naming Test Unstandardized beta coefficients Age (years).09 Education (years).16 Male a.41 Female a.41 English b.24 Spanish b.24 a Coefficient values are added or subtracted from the equation depending on the individual s gender. b Coefficient values are added or subtracted from the equation depending on the language of the individual. from the scores depending on the characteristics of the individual. The coefficients for age and education were multiplied by the difference from the reference values of 70 and 12 in the general correction formula, respectively. In this way, the coefficients were entered into the general correction formula previously described and used to calculate the demographically adjusted scores for each of the seven dependent measures for the entire sample. Along with adjusted sample means and standard deviations, the specific percentile cut-offs are presented in Table 3. Normative data for the SEANT derived from descriptive statistics (numbers per cell, means, and standard deviations) for English- (Table 4) and Spanish-speakers (Table 5) were stratified by 10-year age group, education tertile and gender. Table 3 Specific cutoffs for age, education, gender, and language Adjusted Scores corresponding to different percentile values for Spanish English Animal Naming Test N 1276 M S.D Percentiles
6 204 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) Table 4 Normative data for the Spanish English Animal Naming Test for 592 English-speaking Community-dwelling Latinos over age 60 from the Sacramento area Latino study on aging Age groups Education groups Gender N M S.D Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Male Female Total Total 12+ Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Male Female Total
7 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) Table 5 Normative data for the Spanish English Animal Naming Test for 684 Spanish-speaking Community-dwelling Latinos over age 60 from the Sacramento area Latino study on aging Age groups Education groups Gender N M S.D Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Male Female Total Total 12+ Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Male Female Total
8 206 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) Discussion This study provides normative data for a semantic verbal fluency test based upon a very large community-dwelling sample of 1276 older (60 years plus) English- and Spanish-speaking Latinos of predominately Mexican ancestry. The demographics of this large sample closely reflect the Latino population in Sacramento County in terms of age and gender characteristics from the Census 2000 Dress Rehearsal (Census, 1999). Comparisons with data from the 1990 Census indicates that the SALSA sample reflects Latinos over age 60 in California in terms of education, age, and gender (Census, 1995). The representativeness of the SALSA sample would suggest that the SEANT would be appropriate for use with most older Mexican-Americans (Census, 2000). SEANT performance was significantly influenced by the demographic factors studied (i.e., age, education, gender and language). However, in combination, these factors accounted for less than 10% (9.67%) of the variance. Education had the largest affect on SEANT performance, but it is likely that the statistical significance of these factors was largely related to the large sample size in this study. Nevertheless, the findings of this study indicate how the SEANT performance was affected by demographic variables and provide methods for accounting for these effects in interpreting test scores that should be considered when using this exam. It is possible that SEANT performance could be affected by other factors not examined in this study; however, the factors presented above are likely to be of utility to clinicians and researchers. As such, SEANT users that are interested in statistical adjusting test SEANT test performance are encouraged to use the adjustments or normative data provided in the tables above. As in the previous reports, two approaches for deriving the adjusted scores based on significant demographics variables are provided (González, Mungas, & Haan, 2002; González et al., 2001a,b). With the appropriate coefficients for demographics in Table 2, the general formula above can be applied to derive an adjusted score for the acceptable words produced. The derived adjusted score can then be compared to the normative data in Table 3 for deviation of the adjusted score from the means and to determine its percentile rank. Additionally, the SEANT score can be interpreted with a more conventional approach using the normative data for English and Spanish-speakers in Tables 4 and 5, respectively. Although the former approach will yield a more finely calibrated adjusted score, the two approaches will yield similar results. An advantage of the derived adjusted score is that it avoids problems with small sample sizes that are seen some of the cells of the normative tables (Tables 4 and 5), which could potentially result in unstable estimates resulting from the more infrequent demographic variable combinations. The potential disadvantage of the derived score approach involves underlying assumptions for linear regression. The results of this study indicate the linear associations between variables had a better fit than the non-linear associations, which would indicate that this regression assumption was met. The normative data provided for the SEANT in this manuscript should be of utility clinicians and researchers working with older Latino individuals of Mexican ancestry. There is considerable ethnic and cultural variability within populations of Latinos and further research with the SEANT will be needed to demonstrate its applicability to other groups. Tests, like the SEANT, hold promise for assessing the cognitive function of culturally and educationally diverse populations. Providing normative data for assessing the cognitive functioning of
9 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) ethnically diverse populations is consistent with the American Psychological Association s General Principles and Ethics Standards and should guide the future direction of neuropsychological test development. References Ardila, A., Rosselli, M., & Puente, A. E. (1994). Neuropsychological evaluation of the Spanish speaker. New York, NY, US: Plenum Press. Butman, J., Allegri, R. F., Harris, P., & Drake, M. (2000). Spanish verbal fluency. Normative data in Argentina. Medicina (B Aires), 60(5 Pt 1), Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). Mini-mental state. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), González, H. M., Mungas, D., & Haan, M. N. (2002). A verbal learning and memory test for English- and Spanish-speaking older Mexican-American adults. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 16(4), González, H. M., Mungas, D., Reed, B. R., Marshall, S., & Haan, M. N. (2001). A new Verbal Learning and Memory Test for English- and Spanish-speaking older people. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7(5), González, H. M., Mungas, D. M., Reed, B. R., Marshall, S., & Haan, M. (2001). A new Verbal Learning and Memory Test for English- and Spanish-speaking older people. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7, Haan, M. N., Mungas, D. M., Gonzalez, H. M., Ortiz, T. A., Acharya, A., & Jagust, W. J. (2003). Prevalence of dementia in older Latinos: The influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, stroke and genetic factors. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(2), Jacobs, D. M., Sano, M., Albert, S., & Schofield, P. (1997). Cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment: A comparison of randomly selected, demographically matched cohorts of English- and Spanish-speaking older adults. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 19(3), La Rue, A., Romero, L. J., Ortiz, I. E., Liang, H. C., & Lindeman, R. D. (1999). Neuropsychological performance of Hispanic and non-hispanic older adults: An epidemiologic survey. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 13(4), Llorente, A. M., Pontón, M. O., Taussig, I. M., & Satz, P. (1999). Patterns of American immigration and their influence on the acquisition of neuropsychological norms for Hispanics. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 14(7), Mungas, D., Marshall, S. C., Weldon, M., Haan, M., & Reed, B. R. (1996). Age and education correction of Mini-Mental State Examination for English and Spanish-speaking elderly. Neurology, 46(3), Mungas, D., Reed, B. R., Marshall, S. C., & Gonzalez, H. M. (2000). Development of psychometrically matched English and Spanish language neuropsychological tests for older persons. Neuropsychology, 14(2), Pontón, M. O., & Ardila, A. (1999). The future of neuropsychology with Hispanic populations in the United States. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 14(7), Pontón, M. O., Satz, P., Herrera, L., & Ortiz, F. (1996). Normative data stratified by age and education for the Neuropsychological Screening Battery for Hispanics (NeSBHIS): Initial report. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 2(2), Ratcliff, G., Ganguli, M., Chandra, V., Sharma, S., Belle, S., Seaberg, E., et al. (1998). Effects of literacy and education on measures of word fluency. Brain and Language, 61(1), Rosselli, M., Ardila, A., Araujo, K., Weekes, V. A., Caracciolo, V., Padilla, M., et al. (2000). Verbal fluency and repetition skills in healthy older Spanish-English bilinguals. Applied Neuropsychology, 7(1), Teng, E. L., & Chui, H. C. (1987). The Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 48(8), U.S. Census Bureau. (1995). Education in the United States: 1990 census of population and housing. Washington, DC.
10 208 H.M. González et al. / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) U.S. Census Bureau. (2001). Overview of race and Hispanic origin Census 2000 brief. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. U.S. Census Bureau. (1999). Census 2000 dress rehearsal 100-percent summary file. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. U.S. Census Bureau. (2000). The Hispanic population of the United States. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. U.S. Census Bureau. (2004). Current population series (Vol. 15). Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. Wade, P. (1997) Race and ethnicity in Latin America. London, Chicago, IL: Pluto Press.
Elderly Norms for the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised*
The Clinical Neuropsychologist -//-$., Vol., No., pp. - Swets & Zeitlinger Elderly Norms for the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised* Rodney D. Vanderploeg, John A. Schinka, Tatyana Jones, Brent J. Small,
More informationMetabolic syndrome is a constellation of cardiovascular
and Cognitive Decline in Elderly Latinos: Findings from the Sacramento Area Latino Study of Aging Study Kristine Yaffe, MD, wzk Mary Haan, DrPH, MPH, z Terri Blackwell, MA, # Elena Cherkasova, BA, Rachel
More informationDiversity and Dementia
Diversity and Dementia Kala M. Mehta, DSc, MPH January 17, 2012 Overview Background Incidence and Prevalence of Dementia Why are these differences found? What s important for diverse dementia patients
More informationHopkins Verbal Learning Test Revised: Norms for Elderly African Americans
The Clinical Neuropsychologist 1385-4046/02/1603-356$16.00 2002, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 356 372 # Swets & Zeitlinger Hopkins Verbal Learning Test Revised: Norms for Elderly African Americans Melissa A. Friedman
More informationEveryday functioning in relation to cognitive functioning and neuroimaging in community-dwelling Hispanic and Non-Hispanic older adults
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (2004), 10, 342 354. Copyright 2004 INS. Published by Cambridge University Press. Printed in the USA. DOI: 10.10170S1355617704103020 Everyday functioning
More informationNeuropsychological Test Development and Normative Data on Hispanics
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vol. 14, No. 7, pp. 593 601, 1999 Copyright 1999 National Academy of Neuropsychology Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0887-6177/99 $ see front matter PII S0887-6177(99)00008-6
More informationAcculturation and the Prevalence of Depression in Older Mexican Americans: Baseline Results of the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging
Acculturation and the Prevalence of Depression in Older Mexican Americans: Baseline Results of the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging Hector M. González, PhD,* Mary N. Haan, DrPH,* and Ladson Hinton,
More informationRapidly-administered short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 3rd edition
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) 917 924 Abstract Rapidly-administered short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 3rd edition Alison J. Donnell a, Neil Pliskin a, James Holdnack
More informationNormative data for a brief neuropsychological battery administered to English- and Spanish-speaking community-dwelling elders
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (1998), 4, 311 318. Copyright 1998 INS. Published by Cambridge University Press. Printed in the USA. Normative data for a brief neuropsychological
More informationStress and the SES-Health Gradient: Getting Under the Skin. While the SES gradient in health is well established in many contexts, the physical
Stress and the SES-Health Gradient: Getting Under the Skin Jennifer Beam Dowd Allison E. Aiello Mary N. Haan BACKROUND: While the SES gradient in health is well established in many contexts, the physical
More informationORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION. Detecting Dementia With the Mini-Mental State Examination in Highly Educated Individuals
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION Detecting Dementia With the Mini-Mental State Examination in Highly Educated Individuals Sid E. O Bryant, PhD; Joy D. Humphreys, MA; Glenn E. Smith, PhD; Robert J. Ivnik, PhD; Neill
More informationTest review. Comprehensive Trail Making Test (CTMT) By Cecil R. Reynolds. Austin, Texas: PRO-ED, Inc., Test description
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 19 (2004) 703 708 Test review Comprehensive Trail Making Test (CTMT) By Cecil R. Reynolds. Austin, Texas: PRO-ED, Inc., 2002 1. Test description The Trail Making Test
More informationBackground on the issue Previous study with adolescents and adults: Current NIH R03 study examining ADI-R for Spanish speaking Latinos
Sandy Magaña Background on the issue Previous study with adolescents and adults: brief description of study examining comparison between whites and Latinos in on the ADI-R Current NIH R03 study examining
More informationWhy study dementia in diverse populations? Results from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging
Why study dementia in diverse populations? Results from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging MN Haan, Professor, Epidemiology University of Michigan Funding: NIA AG 12975,DK 60753, AG10129, AG10220;
More informationBaseline Characteristics of Patients Attending the Memory Clinic Serving the South Shore of Boston
Article ID: ISSN 2046-1690 Baseline Characteristics of Patients Attending the www.thealzcenter.org Memory Clinic Serving the South Shore of Boston Corresponding Author: Dr. Anil K Nair, Chief of Neurology,
More informationTest-retest reliable coefficients and 5-year change scores for the MMSE and 3MS
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) 485 503 Test-retest reliable coefficients and 5-year change scores for the MMSE and 3MS Tom N. Tombaugh Psychology Department, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel
More informationClinical Study Depressive Symptom Clusters and Neuropsychological Performance in Mild Alzheimer s and Cognitively Normal Elderly
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Depression Research and Treatment Volume 2011, Article ID 396958, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2011/396958 Clinical Study Depressive Symptom Clusters and Neuropsychological Performance
More informationInterpreting change on the WAIS-III/WMS-III in clinical samples
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 16 (2001) 183±191 Interpreting change on the WAIS-III/WMS-III in clinical samples Grant L. Iverson* Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook
More informationThis PDF is available for free download from a site hosted by Medknow Publications
Original Article Mini Mental State Examination and the Addenbrooke s Cognitive Examination: Effect of education and norms for a multicultural population P. S. Mathuranath, Joseph P. Cherian, Robert Mathew,
More informationMini Mental State Examination and the Addenbrooke s Cognitive Examination: Effect of education and norms for a multicultural population
Original Article Mini Mental State Examination and the Addenbrooke s Cognitive Examination: Effect of education and norms for a multicultural population P. S. Mathuranath, Joseph P. Cherian, Robert Mathew,
More informationA normative study of the CERAD neuropsychological assessment battery in the Korean elderly
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (2004), 10, 72 81. Copyright 2004 INS. Published by Cambridge University Press. Printed in the USA. DOI: 10.10170S1355617704101094 A normative study
More informationTest Assessment Description Ref. Global Deterioration Rating Scale Dementia severity Rating scale of dementia stages (2) (4) delayed recognition
Table S. Cognitive tests used in the Georgia Centenarian Study. Test Assessment Description Ref. Mini-Mental State Examination Global cognitive performance A brief screening of orientation, memory, executive
More informationThe relation of education and gender on the attention items of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Spanish speaking Hispanic elders
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 21 (2006) 677 686 Abstract The relation of education and gender on the attention items of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Spanish speaking Hispanic elders Mónica
More informationRunning head: CPPS REVIEW 1
Running head: CPPS REVIEW 1 Please use the following citation when referencing this work: McGill, R. J. (2013). Test review: Children s Psychological Processing Scale (CPPS). Journal of Psychoeducational
More informationConceptual framework! Definitions of race and ethnicity Census Questions, Genetics! Social Class, migration, language proficiency!
Conceptual framework! Definitions of race and ethnicity Census Questions, Genetics! Social Class, migration, language proficiency! Patient-physician communication! Clinical Research Examples! Options for
More informationEquating UDS Neuropsychological Tests: 3.0>2.0, 3.0=2.0, 3.0<2.0? Dan Mungas, Ph.D. University of California, Davis
Equating UDS Neuropsychological Tests: 3.0>2.0, 3.0=2.0, 3.0
More informationOverview. Case #1 4/20/2012. Neuropsychological assessment of older adults: what, when and why?
Neuropsychological assessment of older adults: what, when and why? Benjamin Mast, Ph.D. Associate Professor & Vice Chair, Psychological & Brain Sciences Associate Clinical Professor, Family & Geriatric
More informationCHAPTER 2 CRITERION VALIDITY OF AN ATTENTION- DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) SCREENING LIST FOR SCREENING ADHD IN OLDER ADULTS AGED YEARS
CHAPTER 2 CRITERION VALIDITY OF AN ATTENTION- DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) SCREENING LIST FOR SCREENING ADHD IN OLDER ADULTS AGED 60 94 YEARS AM. J. GERIATR. PSYCHIATRY. 2013;21(7):631 635 DOI:
More informationCognitive Reserve and the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Awareness of Deficits in Dementia
Cognitive Reserve and the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Awareness of Deficits in Dementia Mary Beth Spitznagel, Ph.D. Geoffrey Tremont, Ph.D. Laura B. Brown, Ph.D. John Gunstad, Ph.D. Depression
More informationINCREASING REPRESENTATION IN A MIXED-MODE QUALITY OF LIFE SURVEY OF MEDICARE ESRD BENEFICIARIES
ACADEMY HEALTH 2018 INCREASING REPRESENTATION IN A MIXED-MODE QUALITY OF LIFE SURVEY OF MEDICARE ESRD BENEFICIARIES Speaker: Katherine Harris, Principal Research Scientist Team Members: Amy L. Djangali,
More informationResearch Article Chinese-Language Montreal Cognitive Assessment for Cantonese or Mandarin Speakers: Age, Education, and Gender Effects
Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Volume 22, Article ID 24623, pages doi:.55/22/24623 Research Article Chinese-Language Montreal Cognitive Assessment for Cantonese
More informationPatterns of Union Formation Among Urban Minority Youth in the United States
Archives of Sexual Behavior, Vol. 29, No. 2, 2000 Patterns of Union Formation Among Urban Minority Youth in the United States Kathleen Ford, Ph.D. 1 and Anne Norris, Ph.D., RN 2 Since 1990, several large
More informationConcurrent validity of WAIS-III short forms in a geriatric sample with suspected dementia: Verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) 1043 1051 Concurrent validity of WAIS-III short forms in a geriatric sample with suspected dementia: Verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores Brian L.
More informationSelection and Combination of Markers for Prediction
Selection and Combination of Markers for Prediction NACC Data and Methods Meeting September, 2010 Baojiang Chen, PhD Sarah Monsell, MS Xiao-Hua Andrew Zhou, PhD Overview 1. Research motivation 2. Describe
More informationCHAPTER 5 NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ALZHEIMER S DISEASE
CHAPTER 5 NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ALZHEIMER S DISEASE 5.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND Neuropsychological assessment plays a crucial role in the assessment of cognitive decline in older age. In India, there
More informationAPPENDIX: Supplementary Materials for Advance Directives And Nursing. Home Stays Associated With Less Aggressive End-Of-Life Care For
Nicholas LH, Bynum JPW, Iwashnya TJ, Weir DR, Langa KM. Advance directives and nursing home stays associated with less aggressive end-of-life care for patients with severe dementia. Health Aff (MIllwood).
More informationSupplementary Online Content
Supplementary Online Content Sun LS, Li G, Miller TLK, et al. Association between a single general anesthesia exposure before age 36 months and neurocognitive outcomes in later childhood. JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6967
More informationImproving the Methodology for Assessing Mild Cognitive Impairment Across the Lifespan
Improving the Methodology for Assessing Mild Cognitive Impairment Across the Lifespan Grant L. Iverson, Ph.D, Professor Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School & Red Sox
More informationOutline. Minority Issues in Aging Research. The Role of Research in the Clinical Setting. Why Participate in Research
Outline Minority Issues in Aging Research Mary Sano, Ph.D Mount Sinai School of Medicine Bronx Veterans Medical Research Center 130 West Kingsbridge Rd Bronx NY, 10468 Phone: 718 741-4228; Fax: 718 562-9120
More informationCorrelation Between Intelligence Test Scores and Executive Function Measures
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 31 36, 2000 Copyright 1999 National Academy of Neuropsychology Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0887-6177/00 $ see front matter PII S0887-6177(98)00159-0
More informationPRELIMINARY NORMS FOR YEAR OLDS ON THE MEMORY TEST FOR OLDER ADULTS (MTOA:S) ABSTRACT
The University of British Columbia PRELIMINARY NORMS FOR 85-99 YEAR OLDS ON THE MEMORY TEST FOR OLDER ADULTS (MTOA:S) Anita M. Hubley University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada Poster presented
More informationSUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL Cognitive impairment evaluated with Vascular Cognitive Impairment Harmonization Standards in a multicenter prospective stroke cohort in Korea Supplemental Methods Participants From
More informationTable of Contents. 2 P age. Susan G. Komen
RHODE ISLAND Table of Contents Table of Contents... 2 Introduction... 3 About... 3 Susan G. Komen Affiliate Network... 3 Purpose of the State Community Profile Report... 4 Quantitative Data: Measuring
More information517 Individuals 23 Families
LATINO COMMUNITY CONNECTION Program Overview is a multi-layered program to provide behavioral health outreach, engagement, and prevention services in the Latino community. Canal Alliance, a trusted multi-service
More informationTitle: Estimates and Projections of Prevalence of Type Two Diabetes Mellitus in the US 2001, 2011, 2021: The Role of Demographic Factors in T2DM.
Title: Estimates and Projections of Prevalence of Type Two Diabetes Mellitus in the US 2001, 2011, 2021: The Role of Demographic Factors in T2DM. Proposed PAA Session: 410: Obesity, Health and Mortality
More informationCorrection for retest effects across repeated measures of cognitive functioning: a longitudinal cohort study of postoperative delirium
Racine et al. BMC Medical Research Methodology (2018) 18:69 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-018-0530-x RESEARCH ARTICLE Correction for retest effects across repeated measures of cognitive functioning: a
More informationProjections of future numbers of dementia cases in Australia with and without prevention
Projections of future numbers of dementia cases in Australia with and without prevention Anthony F. Jorm, Keith B.G. Dear, Nicole M. Burgess Objective: To produce projections of the number of dementia
More informationDiabetes in the Latino/Hispanic Population The case for education and outreach
Diabetes in the Latino/Hispanic Population The case for education and outreach Enrique Caballero MD Endocrinologist/Clinical Investigator Director of the Latino Diabetes Initiative Director, International
More informationArchives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007)
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) 343 353 Demographically corrected norms for the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-revised and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-revised in monolingual Spanish speakers
More informationProfile of DeKalb County
Profile of DeKalb County Figure 1: Population by Race, DeK alb County, 2012 Estimate Table 1: DeK alb County Population Profile Profile of DeKalb County POPULATION ESTIMATES According to the 2008 and 2012
More informationWHI Memory Study (WHIMS) Investigator Data Release Data Preparation Guide April 2014
WHI Memory Study (WHIMS) Investigator Data Release Data Preparation Guide April 2014 1. Introduction This release consists of a single data set from the WHIMS Epidemiology of Cognitive Health Outcomes
More informationArizona Department of Health Services. Hispanic Adult Tobacco Survey 2005 Report
Arizona Department of Health Services Arizona Department of Health Services Office of Tobacco Education and Prevention Program Hispanic Adult Tobacco Survey 2005 Report July, 2006 Prepared by: Frederic
More informationHealth Disparities Research. Kyu Rhee, MD, MPP, FAAP, FACP Chief Public Health Officer Health Resources and Services Administration
Health Disparities Research Kyu Rhee, MD, MPP, FAAP, FACP Chief Public Health Officer Health Resources and Services Administration Outline on Health Disparities Research What is a health disparity? (DETECT)
More informationMethodology for the VoicesDMV Survey
M E T R O P O L I T A N H O U S I N G A N D C O M M U N I T I E S P O L I C Y C E N T E R Methodology for the VoicesDMV Survey Timothy Triplett December 2017 Voices of the Community: DC, Maryland, Virginia
More informationORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION. Implementing Diagnostic Criteria and Estimating Frequency of Mild Cognitive Impairment in an Urban Community
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION Implementing Diagnostic Criteria and Estimating Frequency of Mild Cognitive Impairment in an Urban Community Jennifer J. Manly, PhD; Sandra Bell-McGinty, PhD; Ming-X. Tang, PhD; Nicole
More informationCultural Neuropsychology Round Table: Training Issues and Methods for Gaining Competence in Working with Diverse Individuals
Cultural Neuropsychology Round Table: Training Issues and Methods for Gaining Competence in Working with Diverse Individuals Financial Disclosure Contact Information Recognition of Health Disparities:
More informationTable of Contents. 2 P a g e. Susan G. Komen
NEW HAMPSHIRE Table of Contents Table of Contents... 2 Introduction... 3 About... 3 Susan G. Komen Affiliate Network... 3 Purpose of the State Community Profile Report... 4 Quantitative Data: Measuring
More information2.75: 84% 2.5: 80% 2.25: 78% 2: 74% 1.75: 70% 1.5: 66% 1.25: 64% 1.0: 60% 0.5: 50% 0.25: 25% 0: 0%
Capstone Test (will consist of FOUR quizzes and the FINAL test grade will be an average of the four quizzes). Capstone #1: Review of Chapters 1-3 Capstone #2: Review of Chapter 4 Capstone #3: Review of
More informationGeriatric performance on the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (Cognistat) What is normal?
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 18 (2003) 463 471 Geriatric performance on the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (Cognistat) What is normal? Abstract Caitlin Macaulay a,, Matthew Battista
More informationTitle. CitationAustralasian Journal on Ageing, 31(3): Issue Date Doc URL. Rights. Type. File Information
Title Randomised controlled pilot study in Japan comparing with a home visit with conversation alone Ukawa, Shigekazu; Yuasa, Motoyuki; Ikeno, Tamiko; Yo Author(s) Kishi, Reiko CitationAustralasian Journal
More informationEveryday Problem Solving and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: Support for Domain Specificity
Behav. Sci. 2013, 3, 170 191; doi:10.3390/bs3010170 Article OPEN ACCESS behavioral sciences ISSN 2076-328X www.mdpi.com/journal/behavsci Everyday Problem Solving and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living:
More informationEffects of severe depression on TOMM performance among disability-seeking outpatients
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 21 (2006) 161 165 Effects of severe depression on TOMM performance among disability-seeking outpatients Y. Tami Yanez, William Fremouw, Jennifer Tennant, Julia Strunk,
More informationCLACLS. Prevalence of Chronic Health Conditions among Latinos in the United States between 1999 and 2011
CLACLS Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies Prevalence of Chronic Health Conditions among Latinos in the United States between 1999 and 2011 Amanda Mía Marín-Chollom Doctoral Candidate
More informationSleep and Neurocognitive aging in Population based studies
Sleep and Neurocognitive aging in Population based studies Alberto Ramos, MD,MSPH, FAASM Associate Professor of Neurology University of Miami Health System Miller School of Medicine aramos@med.miami.edu
More informationDevelopmental Assessment of Young Children Second Edition (DAYC-2) Summary Report
Developmental Assessment of Young Children Second Edition (DAYC-2) Summary Report Section 1. Identifying Information Name: Marcos Sanders Gender: M Date of Testing: 05-10-2011 Date of Birth: 09-15-2009
More informationalternate-form reliability The degree to which two or more versions of the same test correlate with one another. In clinical studies in which a given function is going to be tested more than once over
More informationequation involving two test variables.
A CODED PROFILE METHOD FOR PREDICTING ACHIEVEMENT 1 BENNO G. FRICKE University of Michigan COUNSELORS and test users have often been advised to use the test profile in their attempt to understand students.
More informationTechnical Specifications
Technical Specifications In order to provide summary information across a set of exercises, all tests must employ some form of scoring models. The most familiar of these scoring models is the one typically
More informationMinimizing Misdiagnosis: Psychometric Criteria for Possible or Probable Memory Impairment
Original Research Article DOI: 10.1159/000215390 Accepted: January 30, 2009 Published online: April 28, 2009 Minimizing Misdiagnosis: Psychometric Criteria for Possible or Probable Memory Impairment Brian
More informationDr. Hector Balcazar UT School of Public Health
Dr. Hector Balcazar UT School of Public Health GOAL OF THIS INITIATIVE Use data for building the case of reducing disparities in mental health services for 2 subgroups of Mexican origin (MO) not differentiated
More informationCRITERIA FOR USE. A GRAPHICAL EXPLANATION OF BI-VARIATE (2 VARIABLE) REGRESSION ANALYSISSys
Multiple Regression Analysis 1 CRITERIA FOR USE Multiple regression analysis is used to test the effects of n independent (predictor) variables on a single dependent (criterion) variable. Regression tests
More informationAccessibility and Disability Service. A Guide to Services for Students with
Accessibility and Disability Service 4281 Chapel Lane ~ 0106 Shoemaker 301.314.7682 Fax: 301.405.0813 adsfrontdesk@umd.edu www.counseling.umd.edu/ads A Guide to Services for Students with Attention-Deficit
More informationNO LOWER COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
CHAPTER 6 NO LOWER COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER INT PSYCHOGERIATR, 2015, 27(9): 1467 1476 DOI: 10.1017/S1041610215000010 73 NO LOWER COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING
More informationStandardization and Validation of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in the Moroccan Population
International Journal of Brain and Cognitive Sciences 2019, 8(1): 1-5 DOI: 10.5923/j.ijbcs.20190801.01 Standardization and Validation of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in the Moroccan Population
More informationPresented By: Yip, C.K., OT, PhD. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College
Presented By: Yip, C.K., OT, PhD. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College Background of problem in assessment for elderly Key feature of CCAS Structural Framework of CCAS Methodology Result
More informationRichard A. Van Dorn, Ph.D. 1 Jeffrey W. Swanson, Ph.D. 2 Marvin S. Swartz, M.D. 2 IN PRESS -- PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES
Preferences for Psychiatric Advance Directives among Latinos: How do Clients, Family Members and Clinicians View Advance Care Planning for Mental Health? Richard A. Van Dorn, Ph.D. 1 Jeffrey W. Swanson,
More informationIn this second module in the clinical trials series, we will focus on design considerations for Phase III clinical trials. Phase III clinical trials
In this second module in the clinical trials series, we will focus on design considerations for Phase III clinical trials. Phase III clinical trials are comparative, large scale studies that typically
More informationWHI Memory Study (WHIMS) Investigator Data Release Data Preparation Guide December 2012
WHI Memory Study (WHIMS) Investigator Data Release Data Preparation Guide December 2012 1. Introduction Changes in the current update (December 2012): New data sets Post Trial - Form A, Phase 2: Administration
More informationHealth Disparities Research
Health Disparities Research Kyu Rhee, MD, MPP, FAAP, FACP Chief Public Health Officer Health Resources and Services Administration Outline on Health Disparities Research What is a health disparity? (DETECT)
More informationThe Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Test Battery (CCNB): Effects of Age, Education, Ethnicity, and Cognitive Status on Performance
1 The Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Test Battery (CCNB): Effects of Age, Education, Ethnicity, and Cognitive Status on Performance Malcolm B. Dick, Ph.D. Institute for Brain Aging and Dementia University
More informationLATINO OLDER ADULTS AND ALCOHOL USE: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS. Andrea Soria California State University, Long Beach May 2015
LATINO OLDER ADULTS AND ALCOHOL USE: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS Andrea Soria California State University, Long Beach May 2015 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to gain a better understanding
More informationNeuropsychological Correlates of Performance Based Functional Status in Elder Adult Protective Services Referrals for Capacity Assessments
Neuropsychological Correlates of Performance Based Functional Status in Elder Adult Protective Services Referrals for Capacity Assessments Jason E. Schillerstrom, MD schillerstr@uthscsa.edu Schillerstrom
More informationSBIRT IOWA. Iowa Army National Guard THE IOWA CONSORTIUM FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE RESEARCH AND EVALUATION. Iowa Army National Guard
SBIRT IOWA Iowa Army National Guard THE IOWA CONSORTIUM FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE RESEARCH AND EVALUATION Iowa Army National Guard Biannual Report October 2016 With Funds Provided By: Iowa Department of Public
More informationCRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPER (CAP)
CRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPER (CAP) Drahota, A., Wood, J. J., Sze, K. M., & Van Dyke, M. (2011). Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on daily living skills in children with high-functioning autism and
More informationA About Facebook 2. B Data linking and controls 2. C Sampling rates 5. D Activity categories 6. E Models included in Figure 4 9
Online Interaction, Social Support, and Health William R. Hobbs, Moira K. Burke, Nicholas A. Christakis, James H. Fowler A About Facebook 2 B Data linking and controls 2 C Sampling rates 5 D Activity categories
More informationAlzheimer s disease affects patients and their caregivers. experience employment complications,
Alzheimer s Disease and Dementia A growing challenge The majority of the elderly population with Alzheimer s disease and related dementia are in fair to poor physical health, and experience limitations
More informationUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 1998 Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology (APA-Approved)
EDUCATION Southern Methodist University, 1994 B.A. in Psychology and Sociology, Cum Laude, Departmental Distinction in Psychology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 1998 Ph.D. in
More informationMeasuring Perceived Social Support in Mexican American Youth: Psychometric Properties of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support
Marquette University e-publications@marquette College of Education Faculty Research and Publications Education, College of 5-1-2004 Measuring Perceived Social Support in Mexican American Youth: Psychometric
More informationORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION. Comparison of the Short Test of Mental Status and the Mini-Mental State Examination in Mild Cognitive Impairment
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION Comparison of the Short Test of Mental Status and the Mini-Mental State Examination in Mild Cognitive Impairment David F. Tang-Wai, MDCM; David S. Knopman, MD; Yonas E. Geda, MD;
More informationBook review. Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS). By C.K. Conners, D. Erhardt, M.A. Sparrow. New York: Multihealth Systems, Inc.
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 18 (2003) 431 437 Book review Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS). By C.K. Conners, D. Erhardt, M.A. Sparrow. New York: Multihealth Systems, Inc., 1999 1. Test
More informationBaptistHealth_FEB2014 1
Hispanic Health Disparities in Diabetes: Implications for CVD Prevention Neil Schneiderman University of Miami Baptist Health South Florida 12 th Annual CVD Prevention Symposium Miami Beach, Florida February
More informationGait abnormalities as early signs of MCI
Demensfondens forskningsstipendier Anna Nordström Gait abnormalities as early signs of MCI With aim To evaluate spatiotemporal gait parameters as predictor of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in A population
More informationGerardo Machnicki 1, Ricardo F. Allegri 1,2 *, Carol Dillon 1, Cecilia M. Serrano 1,2 and Fernando E Taragano 2 SUMMARY INTRODUCTION
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY Int J Geriatr Psychiatry (2008) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).2133 Cognitive, functional and behavioral factors associated
More informationPREVALENCE OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN NEW MEXICO HISPANIC AND NON-HISPANIC WHITE ELDERLY
PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN NEW MEXICO HISPANIC AND NON-HISPANIC WHITE ELDERLY Objective: To evaluate the prevalence rates, risk factors, and pattern of depressive symptoms in elderly Hispanic
More informationSELF-REPORTED HEART DISEASE AMONG ARAB AND CHALDEAN AMERICAN WOMEN RESIDING IN SOUTHEAST MICHIGAN
SELF-REPORTED HEART DISEASE AMONG ARAB AND CHALDEAN AMERICAN WOMEN RESIDING IN SOUTHEAST MICHIGAN Objectives: This study estimates the prevalence of heart disease among Arab and Chaldean American women
More informationCOGNITIVE FACTORS IN EPILEPSY BY MARGARET DAVIES-EYSENCK
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 1952, 15, 39. COGNITIVE FACTORS IN EPILEPSY BY MARGARET DAVIES-EYSENCK From the Neurological Research Unit of the Medical Research Council, National Hospital, Queen Square,
More informationChapter Fairness. Test Theory and Fairness
175 6 Chapter Fairness A test is considered fair when it is free from test bias. Test bias generally refers to elements of a test that are construct irrelevant and that systematically cause different levels
More informationAddendum: Multiple Regression Analysis (DRAFT 8/2/07)
Addendum: Multiple Regression Analysis (DRAFT 8/2/07) When conducting a rapid ethnographic assessment, program staff may: Want to assess the relative degree to which a number of possible predictive variables
More informationINTRODUCTION KURT F. GEISINGER. Copyright American Psychological Association
INTRODUCTION KURT F. GEISINGER Over 20 years ago, when the first edition of this book was published (Geisinger, 1992), 1 it would have been impossible or near impossible to include focused discussions
More informationValidation of the Russian version of the Quality of Life-Rheumatoid Arthritis Scale (QOL-RA Scale)
Advances in Medical Sciences Vol. 54(1) 2009 pp 27-31 DOI: 10.2478/v10039-009-0012-9 Medical University of Bialystok, Poland Validation of the Russian version of the Quality of Life-Rheumatoid Arthritis
More information