Distribution of the Two Kinds of Myofilaments in Insect Muscles
|
|
- Gilbert White
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 AM. ZOOLOCIST, 7: (1967). Distribution of the Two Kinds of Myofilaments in Insect Muscles JACQUES AUBER Laboratoire de Cytologie, Faculte des Sciences, Paris, et Laboratoire de Microscopie Electronique Appliquee a la Biologie, C.N.R.S., Paris 5, France SYNOPSIS. Different insect muscles have been studied with the electron microscope and the distribution of the two kinds of myofilaments compared. In muscles other than those of flight, each thick filament is surrounded by 9-12 thin filaments, whereas, in the flight muscles, the contraction frequency of which is much higher, there are only 6 thin filaments surrounding each thick one; nevertheless, in the flight muscles of some butterflies, the wing stroke frequency of which is particularly low, there are 7-9 thin filaments. It seems then that there may be a relation between the ratio of the two kinds of myofilaments and the frequency of muscular contraction. In the muscles which have more than 6 thin filaments surrounding each thick one, the structure of the 7. line appears to be different from that which was described in dipteran flight muscles. A peculiar aspect of the M line is observed in lepidopteran flight muscles. In insects, the arrangement of myofilaments was first described in the flight muscles of the blow-fly, Calliphora erythrocephala Meig (Huxley and Hanson, 1957). At the level of the A band of these muscles, each thin filament lies mid-way between two thick filaments, and as these thick filaments lie in hexagonal array, each of them is surrounded by 6 thin filaments. This arrangement (Fig. 1), found again in the flight muscles of many insects and in some muscles of copepods (Bouligand, 1962; Fahrenbach, 1963), is nevertheless not common for all arthropodan muscles. Research on scorpion muscles (Auber- Thomay, 1963), crustacean muscles (Bouligand, 1964; Swan, 1963) and insect muscles other than those of flight (Toselli, 1965; Hagopian, 1966; Smith, 1966; Smith, Gupta, and Smith, 1966; Auber, 1966), has revealed that the hexagonal array remains constant for the thick filaments, but the number of thin filaments surrounding each of them may vary from 9 to 12. Observation of many Calliphora muscles, in adults and larvae, shows that, except in the flight muscles and in the haltere [i.e., the mainflight muscles (indirect flying muscles) but not the wing adjustor muscles] muscles, there are always more than 6 thin filaments surrounding each thick one; this number is variable according to the muscle under consideration; for example, it is (451) from 10 to 12 in the abdominal segmental muscle and from 9 to 11 in the tergotrochanteral muscle (Figs. 2 and 3). In all the muscles studied, the same ratio of thick and thin filaments was found at every level of the A band, except in the H band where there were thick filaments only; the greater number of thin filaments may, therefore, not result from any possible phenomena of supercontraction with double overlap of the two sets of thin filaments of each sarcomere. In insects, the distribution of myofilaments described in the flight muscles seems, therefore, to be peculiar to this kind of muscle. The flight muscles happen to have a faster work rhythm than that of all the other muscles, and in these other muscles, the ratio of thin filaments is always higher. In the flight muscles of some moths (Phytometra, Agrotis, Minucia, Abraxas), as in those of Diptera, each thick filament is surrounded by 6 thin filaments. But, when the frequency of muscular contraction is low enough, as in some butterflies (Pieris, Vanessa) which have a wing-beat of not more than 10/sec (Sotavalta, 1947), that is to say 5 to 6 times less than the moths, each thick filament is no longer surrounded by 6, but by 7-9 thin filaments (Figs. 4 and 5) (Auber, 1967). It should be noted that in the flight muscles of all these Lepidoptera, the M
2 452 JACQUES AUBER Explanation of Figures Electron micrographs of insect muscle (cross sections taken through the A band). Glutaraldehyde fixation with osmium tetroxide postfixation. Sections stained by uranyl acetate followed by lead citrate. 1'late ) HC. 1. Cross section of a fibril in a flight muscle of Diptera (Bombylius). Each thick filament is surrounded by 6 thin filaments. X 65,000.
3 DISTRIBUTION OF MYOFILAMENTS IN INSECTS 453 Plate II edge of the H band on the left part of the micro- FIG. 2. Cross section through the tergo-trochanteral graph, which excludes the hypothesis of a supermuscle of a fly (Calliphora). Each thick filament is contraction phenomena. X 95,000. surrounded by 9 to 11 thin filaments. Note the FIG. 3. Higher magnification. X 135,000.
4 454 JACQUES AUBER Plate III ot the I band. Each thick filament is surrounded FIG. 4. Flight muscle of a butterfly (Vanessa). by 7 to 10 thin filaments. X 85,000. Slightly oblique cross section of a myofibril showing FIG. 5. Higher magnification. X 150,000. the edge of the A band, and below, the beginning
5 DISTRIBUTION OF MYOFILAMENTS IN INSECTS 455 line presents a particular aspect: at this level, the thick filaments become flattened and appear generally to be composed of two subunits placed side by side. A similar structure of the M line was also observed in the flight muscles of an hemipteroid insect (Reedy, 1966). In addition, in the flight muscles of moths, the sarcoplasmic reticulum penetrates into the myofibrils themselves (Auber, 1967). With regard to the Z line, its structure appears to be related to the number of thin filaments: in the flight muscles of moths, as in those of Diptera (Auber and Couteaux, 1963), the thin filaments are grouped in threes and participate in tubular formations, which -give the Z line the aspect of a perforated plate. On the other hand, in the flight muscles of butterflies, as in other muscles with more than 6 thin filaments around each thick one, the Z line exhibits only, in an electron dense substance, filaments of about 50 A in diameter, distributed without apparent order, which seem to be prolongations of the actin-containing filaments. An examination of the frequency of contraction of flight muscle and of the number of thin filaments in various insects, shows that in the Calliphora with a rate of wing-beat of 200 per second, as in the Phytometra, with a rate of wing-beat of 50/sec, there are 6 thin filaments surrounding each thick one. The arrangement of myofilaments seems, therefore, to be independent of the manner of working of the flight muscles, "asynchronous" (see Pringle, 1957) in the case of Diptera, or "synchronous" in the case of Lepidoptera. However, in Aesclma mixta (Odonata), whose wing-beats average 30/sec, there are 6 to 8 thin filaments; in butterflies with a rate of wing-beat of only 10/sec, this number rises to 9 and for muscles other than the flight muscles, the rhythm of which is even slower, it may reach 12. It seems then, that there may be a relation between the ratio of the two kinds of myofilaments and the frequency of muscular contraction when this frequency falls below a certain level. With regard to the arrangement of myofilaments, it is possible to observe in the flight muscles of the blow-fly, during the first stages of myofibrillogenesis, isolated thick filaments surrounded by 6 thin filaments. This suggests, as in the hypothesis previously put forward by Swan (1963) concerning crayfish muscles which have a high ratio of thin filaments, that each thick filament may interact with its own set of 6 thin filaments. As a result of this, in a myofibril, each thick filament would be surrounded by 12 thin ones. When each thick filament is surrounded by 7-11 thin filaments, some of these would be shared between two thick filaments next to each other. In the flight muscles, where each thick filament is only surrounded by 6 thin ones, each of these filaments is shared between two thick ones. The number of cross-bridges issuing from each thick filament seems to be constant whatever may be the number of thin filaments and, when there are more than 6 thin filaments surrounding each thick one, the bridges seem to link at random. It is in the muscles which vary most from the hexagonal pattern, with 6 thin filaments, that the contraction-rhythm would seem to be the lowest. REFERENCES Auber, J Distribution des deux types de myofilaments dans divers muscles de Dipteres. J. Microscopie 5:28a. Auber, J Particularites ultrastructurales des myofibrilles des muscles du vol des Lepidopteres. Comp. Rend. Acad. Sci., Paris 264: Auber, J., and R. Couteaux infrastructure de la strie Z dans des muscles de Dipteres. J. Microscopie 2: Auber-Thomay, M Remarques sur l'ultrastructure des myofibrilles chez des scorpions. J. Microscopie 2: Bouligand, Y Les ultrastructures du muscle stri<5 et de ses attaches au squelette chez les Cyclops (Crustaces Copepodes). J. Microscopie 1: Bouligand, Y Les ultrastructures musculaires des Copepodes. III. Nature de la bande de contraction CM des sarcomfcres. J. Microscopie 3: Fahrenbach, W. H The sarcoplasmic reticulum of striated muscle of a cyclopoid copepod. J. Cell Biol. 17:
6 456 JACQUES AUBER Hagopian, M The myofilament arrangement in the femoral muscle of the cockroach, Leucophaea maderae Fabricius, J. Cell Biol. 28: Huxley, H. E., and J. Hanson Preliminary observations on the structure of insect flight muscle. Proc. Stockholm Conf. on Electron Microscopy, 1956 (Uppsala): Academic Press, New York. Pringle, J. W. S Insect flight. Cambridge Univ. Press, London and New York. Reedy, M Personal communication. Smith, D. S The structure oe intersegmental muscle fibers in an insect, Periplaneta americana L. J. Cell Biol. 29: Smith, D. S., B. L. Gupta, and U. Smith The organisation and myofilament array of insect visceral muscles. J. Cell Sci. 1: Sotavalta, O The flight tone (wing-stroke frequency of insects. Acta Entomol. Fennica. 4: Swan, R. C The structure of crayfish sarcomeres. J. Cell Biol. 19:68A. Toselli, P. A The fine structure of the fully developed intersegmental abdominal muscles of Rhodnius prolixus. Anat. Rec. 151:427.
The organization of skeletal muscles. Excitation contraction coupling. Whole Skeletal Muscles contractions. Muscle Energetics
Muscle and Movement The organization of skeletal muscles Excitation contraction coupling Whole Skeletal Muscles contractions Muscle Energetics The molecular bases of movement Muscular cells use molecular
More informationSkeletal Muscle : Structure
1 Skeletal Muscle : Structure Dr.Viral I. Champaneri, MD Assistant Professor Department of Physiology 2 Learning objectives 1. Gross anatomy of the skeletal muscle 2. Myofilaments & their molecular structure
More informationMicroanatomy of Muscles. Anatomy & Physiology Class
Microanatomy of Muscles Anatomy & Physiology Class Three Main Muscle Types Objectives: By the end of this presentation you will have the information to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Describe the 3 main types of muscles.
More informationChapter 7 The Muscular System. Mosby items and derived items 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 1
Chapter 7 The Muscular System Mosby items and derived items 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 1 INTRODUCTION A. Muscular tissue enables the body and its parts to move 1. Three types of
More informationMedical Biology. Dr. Khalida Ibrahim
Dr. Khalida Ibrahim Medical Biology MUSCLE TISSUE 1. Muscle tissue is characterized by its well-developed properties of contraction. 2. Muscle is responsible for the movements of the body and the various
More informationMuscle Tissue. Xie Fenfen. Department of Histology and Embryology School of Basic Medicine Anhui Medical University
Muscle Tissue Xie Fenfen Email:xff2005024@126.com Department of Histology and Embryology School of Basic Medicine Key points The structural differences (LM) of 3 types of muscle fibers Molecular structure
More information8 - Muscular System. Introduction Taft College Human Physiology
8 - Muscular System Introduction Taft College Human Physiology Muscular System - Introduction The bones provide the levers and structure of the skeleton but it is the muscles that cause movement. Motion
More informationMuscle Tissue. General concepts. Classification of muscle. I. Functional classification is based on the type of neural control.
Muscle Tissue LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Identify the three types of muscle tissue at the light microscopic level. 2. List and compare the structural and functional features of each of the three muscle fiber
More informationMuscular System- Part 1. Unit 5 Miss Wheeler
Muscular System- Part 1 Unit 5 Miss Wheeler Fun Facts! The tongue is the strongest muscle in your body The smallest muscles in the body are in the middle ear The largest muscle in the body is the gluteus
More informationOutline. Bio 105: Muscular System. Muscular System. Types of Muscles. Smooth Muscle. Cardiac Muscle 4/6/2016
Outline Bio 105: Muscular System Lecture 11 Chapter 6 Characteristics of muscles 3 types of muscles Functions of muscles Structure of skeletal muscles Mechanics of muscle contraction Energy sources for
More informationThe Muscular System PART A
6 The Muscular System PART A PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB The Muscular System
More informationSkeletal muscle. General features :
Muscular tissues In the first embryonic life the muscular tissues arise from mesoderm, The function of movement in multicellular organisms is usually assumed by specialized cells called muscle fibers which
More informationChapter 9 - Muscle and Muscle Tissue
Chapter 9 - Muscle and Muscle Tissue I. Overview of muscle tissue A. Three muscle types in the body: B. Special characteristics 1. Excitability: able to receive and respond to a stimulus 2. Contractility:
More informationMuscle tissues. Dr. Hersh Abdul Ham-Karim BVM&S, PG Dip, MSc and PhD
Muscle tissues Dr. Hersh Abdul Ham-Karim BVM&S, PG Dip, MSc and PhD Muscle tissue is a soft tissue that composes muscles in animal bodies, and gives rise to muscles' ability to contract. Muscle tissue
More informationMuscle Tissue- 3 Types
AN INTRODUCTION TO MUSCLE TISSUE Muscle Tissue- 3 Types Skeletal muscle (focus on these) Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle FUNCTIONS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES Produce movement of the skeleton Maintain posture and
More information#1 20. physiology. Muscle tissue 30/9/2015. Ahmad Adel Sallal. Mohammad Qudah
# 20 physiology Muscle tissue Ahmad Adel Sallal 30/9/205 Mohammad Qudah MUSCLES PHYSIOLOGY Awn, welcome to the first physiology lecture in the MSS, I wish you a perfect exams with high grades, and never
More informationMuscle and Muscle Tissue
Muscle and Muscle Tissue Make up about half of total body mass Exerts force by converting chemical energy, ATP, to mechanical energy Muscle tissue is classified based on Shape Number and position of nuclei
More informationDiversity of Striated Muscle. Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403
AM. ZOOLOGIST, 7:435-449 (1967). Diversity of Striated Muscle GRAHAM HOYLE Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403 SYNOPSIS. A broad comparative survey has been made correlating ultrastructure
More informationHow many skeletal muscles are present in our body? Muscles are excitable & contractile, extensible and elastic to some extent.
Muscles How many skeletal muscles are present in our body? -646 muscles The functions of the muscles are: Movement Maintenance of posture Generation of heat Stabilization of joints : amount of muscle surrounding
More informationCh 10: Skeletal Muscle Tissue (Myology)
Ch 10: Skeletal Muscle Tissue (Myology) main objectives: Describe the distinguishing characteristics of the different muscle tissues Discuss the organization of skeletal muscle Explain the micro-anatomy
More informationThe All-or-None Principle Motor units also comply to a rule known as the all-ornone principle (or law).
The All-or-None Principle Motor units also comply to a rule known as the all-ornone principle (or law). This principle stipulates that, when a motor unit is stimulated to contract, it will do so to its
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 TEXTBOOK AND REQUIRED/RECOMMENDED
More informationChapter Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function
Chapter 10.2 Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function Introduction to Muscle Physiology Movement is a fundamental characteristic of all living things All muscle cells (skeletal, cardiac, and smooth) are
More informationMODULE 6 MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY
MODULE 6 MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY III SEMESTER BOTANY Syllabi: Striated, Non striated and Cardiac muscle, Ultra structure of striated muscle fibre, Mechanism of muscle contraction, Threshold and spike potential,
More informationPage 1. Introduction Skeletal muscle cells have unique characteristics which allow for body movement.
Anatomy Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue Graphics are used with permission of: adam.com (http://www.adam.com/) Benjamin Cummings Publishing Co (http://www.awl.com/bc) Page 1. Introduction Skeletal muscle
More informationUniversity of Cambridge
226 J. Physiol. (I949) io8, 226-232 6I2.74I:595.7 THE EXCITATION AND CONTRACTION OF THE FLIGHT MUSCLES OF INSECTS BY J. W. S. PRINGLE From the Department of Zoology, (Received 3 May 1948) University of
More informationAbout This Chapter. Skeletal muscle Mechanics of body movement Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Pearson Education, Inc.
About This Chapter Skeletal muscle Mechanics of body movement Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Skeletal Muscle Usually attached to bones by tendons Origin: closest to the trunk or to more stationary bone Insertion:
More informationSkeletal Muscle and the Molecular Basis of Contraction. Lanny Shulman, O.D., Ph.D. University of Houston College of Optometry
Skeletal Muscle and the Molecular Basis of Contraction Lanny Shulman, O.D., Ph.D. University of Houston College of Optometry Like neurons, all muscle cells can be excited chemically, electrically, and
More informationMuscle Dr. Ted Milner (KIN 416)
Muscle Dr. Ted Milner (KIN 416) Muscles are biological motors which actively generate force and produce movement through the process of contraction. The molecular mechanism responsible for muscle contraction
More informationAssignment 4: Muscle Structure and Function
Assignment 4: Muscle Structure and Function Unit 2: Chapter 5 Part A Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle is true: A) Skeletal muscles are usually linked
More informationIntegrated Muscle. Red: important. Black: in male female slides. Gray: notes extra. Editing File
Integrated Muscle Red: important. Black: in male female slides. Gray: notes extra. Editing File OBJECTIVES Identify and describe the histological structure of the three types of muscle cells and list the
More informationTypes of Muscle. Skeletal striated & voluntary Smooth involuntary Cardiac - heart
Muscular System Types of Muscle Skeletal striated & voluntary Smooth involuntary Cardiac - heart The word striated means striped. Skeletal muscle appears striped under a microscope. Muscles and Muscle
More informationMuscle Cells & Muscle Fiber Contractions. Packet #8
Muscle Cells & Muscle Fiber Contractions Packet #8 Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and is responsible for movement. Introduction Introduction II Skeletal muscle is composed of bundles of muscle fibers
More informationThe Muscular System. Muscle tissue is one of the 4 tissue types in vertebrates Muscle
The Muscular System The Muscular System Muscle tissue is one of the 4 tissue types in vertebrates Muscle The Muscular System Muscle tissue is one of the 4 tissue types in vertebrates Muscle Nervous The
More informationMuscles and Animal Movement
Muscles and Animal Movement Evolution of Muscle and Movement Animals are the only multicellular organisms that actively move. Movement is due to muscle cells (motor proteins) Muscle proteins have homologues
More informationMUSCLE & MOVEMENT C H A P T E R 3 3
MUSCLE & MOVEMENT C H A P T E R 3 3 KEY CONCEPTS 33.1 Muscle Cells Develop Forces by Means of Cycles of Protein Protein Interaction 33.2 Skeletal Muscles Pull on Skeletal Elements to Produce Useful Movements
More informationMUSCULAR TISSUE. Dr. Gary Mumaugh
MUSCULAR TISSUE Dr. Gary Mumaugh MUSCLE OVERVIEW The three types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth These types differ in structure, location, function, and means of activation FUNCTIONAL
More informationThe Musculoskeletal System. Chapter 46
The Musculoskeletal System Chapter 46 Types of Skeletal Systems Changes in movement occur because muscles pull against a support structure Zoologists recognize three types: 1. Hydrostatic skeletons a fluid
More informationHuman Anatomy. Muscle Tissue and Organization. DR.SADIQ ALI (K.E Medalist) 10-1
Human Anatomy Muscle Tissue and Organization DR.SADIQ ALI (K.E Medalist) 10-1 Tissue and Organization Over 700 skeletal muscles have been named. Form the muscular system. Muscle tissue is distributed almost
More informationCHAPTER 6 2/9/2016. Learning Objectives List the four traits that all muscle types have in common.
Learning Objectives List the four traits that all muscle types have in common. CHAPTER 6 The Muscular System Demonstrate and explain the use of antagonistic muscle pairs. Describe the attachment of muscle
More informationConcept 50.5: The physical interaction of protein filaments is required for muscle function
Concept 50.5: The physical interaction of protein filaments is required for muscle function Muscle activity is a response to input from the nervous system The action of a muscle is always to contract Vertebrate
More informationR,;habdomyosarcoma, the most common
Fine-structural classification of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma Arnold J. Kroll Six cases of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma were studied with the electron microscope. Tumor cells (rhabdomyoblasts) could be classified
More informationChapter 10 Muscle Tissue Lecture Outline
Chapter 10 Muscle Tissue Lecture Outline Muscle tissue types 1. Skeletal muscle = voluntary striated 2. Cardiac muscle = involuntary striated 3. Smooth muscle = involuntary nonstriated Characteristics
More informationMuscle Histology. Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Assistant Professor of Anatomy and Histology
Muscle Histology Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Assistant Professor of Anatomy and Histology Functions of muscle tissue Movement Maintenance of posture Joint stabilization Heat generation Types of Muscle Tissue Skeletal
More informationMuscle Tissue. Alternating contraction and relaxation of cells. Chemical energy changed into mechanical energy
Know these muscles Muscle Tissue Alternating contraction and relaxation of cells Chemical energy changed into mechanical energy 3 Types of Muscle Tissue Skeletal muscle attaches to bone, skin or fascia
More informationMuscles Muscles are effectors which enable movement to be carried out
Muscles 13.8 Muscles are effectors which enable movement to be carried out Muscle Is responsible for almost all the movements in animals 3 types Cardiac muscle Smo oth muscle Skeletal mus cle (aka striped
More informationAnatomy & Physiology Muscular System Worksheet
Anatomy & Physiology Muscular System Worksheet 1. What are the three categories of muscle tissue? a) b) c) 2. The smallest functional unit of a muscle fiber is called a. 3. What are the four characteristics
More informationLecture Overview. Muscular System. Marieb s Human Anatomy and Physiology. Chapter 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue Lecture 16
Marieb s Human Anatomy and Physiology Marieb Hoehn Chapter 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue Lecture 16 1 Lecture Overview Types, characteristics, functions of muscle Structure of skeletal muscle Mechanism of
More informationSmooth Cardiac Skeletal Location Around tubes Heart tissue attached to skeleton Moves stuff thru Heart beat pumps Moves body parts
Biology 067 - Muscular system A. Type of muscles: Smooth Cardiac Skeletal Location Around tubes Heart tissue attached to skeleton Function Moves stuff thru Heart beat pumps Moves body parts tubes blood
More informationSkeletal Muscle Contraction 5/11/2017 Dr. Hiwa Shafiq
Skeletal Muscle Contraction 5/11/2017 Dr. Hiwa Shafiq Skeletal Muscle Fiber About 40 per cent of the body is skeletal muscle, and 10 per cent is smooth and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscles are composed
More informationSkeletal Muscle. Connective tissue: Binding, support and insulation. Blood vessels
Chapter 12 Muscle Physiology Outline o Skeletal Muscle Structure o The mechanism of Force Generation in Muscle o The mechanics of Skeletal Muscle Contraction o Skeletal Muscle Metabolism o Control of Skeletal
More informationCh.10 Muscle Tissue. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ch.10 Muscle Tissue Preview Chapter 10 In groups we will define the following terms 1. Skeletal muscle 2. Smooth muscle 3. Cardiac muscle 4. Sarcomere 5. Myofibril 6. Myofilament 7. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
More informationMuscle Contraction and (Microscopic) Anatomy. Some copyright issues but I won t tell if you
Muscle Contraction and (Microscopic) Anatomy Some copyright issues but I won t tell if you don t What is a contraction? It is so important to visualise the fact that muscles work their magic by simply
More informationChapter 8: Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function
Chapter 8: Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function Objectives Draw & label the microstructure of skeletal muscle Outline the steps leading to muscle shortening Define the concentric and isometric Discuss:
More informationMuscular Tissue. Functions of Muscular Tissue. Types of Muscular Tissue. Skeletal Muscular Tissue. Properties of Muscular Tissue
Muscular Tissue Functions of Muscular Tissue Muscle makes up a large percentage of the body s weight (40-50%) Their main functions are to: Create motion muscles work with nerves, bones, and joints to produce
More information1. General characteristics of muscle tissues: 2. A. Skeletal muscle tissue ("striated muscle tissue")
1. General characteristics of muscle tissues: Muscle fibers, AKA, muscle cells Vascularized. Other tissues dense and loose C.T. nerves and nerve fibers Muscle fibers (muscle cells) close together. From
More informationMuscle Physiology. Dr. Ebneshahidi Ebneshahidi
Muscle Physiology Dr. Ebneshahidi Skeletal Muscle Figure 9.2 (a) Functions of the muscular system 1. Locomotion body movements are due to skeletal muscle contraction. 2. Vasoconstriction and vasodilatation
More informationSKELETAL MUSCLE MUSCLE STRUCTURE
11 SKELETAL MUSCLE The goal of the material in this chapter is to provide a very brief introduction to skeletal muscle, its structure, and its electrophysiological and contractile properties. 1 11.1. MUSCLE
More informationMuscle Tissue. Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Histology
Muscle Tissue Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Histology Functions of muscle tissue Movement Maintenance of posture Joint stabilization Heat generation Tendon Belly Tendon Types of
More information1. Locomotion. 2. Repositioning. 3. Internal movement
MUSCLE and MOVEMENT Chapters 20, 8, 21 1. Locomotion A. Movement B. 2. Repositioning A. 3. Internal movement A. 1 Muscle Cells 1. Contractile 2. Myocytes 3. Striated A. Skeletal B. Cardiac 4. Smooth 5.
More information1. Locomotion. 2. Repositioning. 3. Internal movement
MUSCLE and MOVEMENT Chapters 20, 8, 21 1. Locomotion A. Movement B. 2. Repositioning A. 3. Internal movement A. Muscle Cells 1. Contractile 2. Myocytes 3. Striated A. Skeletal B. Cardiac 4. Smooth 5. Striated
More informationHuman Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 09: The Muscular System
Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 09: The Muscular System Question No. 1 of 10 The muscular system of the human body fulfills many different roles. Which of the following statements about the
More informationPublished Online: 25 November, 1956 Supp Info: on November 16, 2018 jcb.rupress.org Downloaded from
Published Online: 25 November, 1956 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.2.6.799 Downloaded from jcb.rupress.org on November 16, 2018 B~IEF NOrmS 799 Permanganate--A New Fixative for Electron Microscopy.*
More informationON THE PRESENCE OF A CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL CELL TYPE WITHIN THE BOVINE CERVICAL MUCOSA 1
ON THE PRESENCE OF A CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL CELL TYPE WITHIN THE BOVINE CERVICAL MUCOSA 1 R. I. Wordinger, 2 J. B. Ramsey, I. F. Dickey and I. R. Hill, Jr. Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
More informationMechanism of Muscular Contraction
~ Sorin2:er Jack A. Rail Mechanism of Muscular Contraction Contents 1 Setting the Stage: Myosin, Actin, Actomyosin and ATP... 1.1 Introduction... 1 1.2 Muscle Structure as Observed by Nineteenth Century
More informationMuscle Contraction A BIOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVE
Muscle Contraction A BIOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVE This presentation was last edited Oct 2016, by Koni Stone, Professor of Chemistry California State University, Stanislaus Muscle cells! Myoblasts are large
More information10 - Muscular Contraction. Taft College Human Physiology
10 - Muscular Contraction Taft College Human Physiology Muscular Contraction Sliding filament theory (Hanson and Huxley, 1954) These 2 investigators proposed that skeletal muscle shortens during contraction
More informationCh 12: Muscles sarcolemma, t-tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum, myofibrils, myofilaments, sarcomere...
Ch 12: Muscles Review micro-anatomy of muscle tissue Terminology examples: sarcolemma, t-tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum, myofibrils, myofilaments, sarcomere... SLOs Differentiate levels of muscle structure:
More informationPage 1. Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue. Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle. Gross Anatomy of Muscle:
1 Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle Characteristics: Attaches to skeleton Voluntary control Striated / multi-nucleated Characteristics: Composes
More informationConnective tissue MUSCLE TISSUE
Connective tissue MUSCLE TISSUE Part 1 General features of MT Develop from mesoderm Many cells, less intercellular matrix Function contraction (shortening) Skeletal (striated, voluntary) Types of MT Cardiac
More informationPage 1. Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue. Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle. Characteristics of Muscle:
1 Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue Muscle little mouse Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle Characteristics: Attaches to skeleton Voluntary control Striated / multi-nucleated Characteristics:
More informationTitle. Author(s)SUGIMURA, Makoto. CitationJapanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 20(1-2): 1- Issue Date DOI. Doc URL. Type.
Title MYOID CELLS IN THE CALF'S THYMUS Author(s)SUGIMURA, Makoto CitationJapanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 20(1-2): 1- Issue Date 1972-06 DOI 10.14943/jjvr.20.1-2.1 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/1986
More informationSkeletal Muscle Contraction and ATP Demand
Skeletal Muscle Contraction and ATP Demand Anatomy & Structure Contraction Cycling Calcium Regulation Types of Contractions Force, Power, and Contraction Velocity Epimysium - separates fascia and muscle
More informationFunctions of Muscle Tissue
The Muscular System Functions of Muscle Tissue Movement Facilitation Thermogenesis Postural Support Regulation of Organ Volume Protects Internal Organs Pumps Blood (HEART) Characteristics of Muscle Tissue
More informationChapter 10 -Muscle Tissue
Chapter 10 -Muscle Tissue Muscles: 1. Overview of Muscle Tissue A. Review 5 functions of muscle tissue. B. Review the 5 properties of muscle tissue. WHICH do they share with nervous tissue? (2, plus the
More information1/4/2017. Introduction. Connective Tissue Coverings. 9.1: Structure of a Skeletal Muscle. Skeletal Muscle Fibers. Connective Tissue Coverings
Introduction Chapter 09 Lecture Outline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction
More informationSkeletal Muscle Contraction 4/11/2018 Dr. Hiwa Shafiq
Skeletal Muscle Contraction 4/11/2018 Dr. Hiwa Shafiq Skeletal Muscle Fiber About 40 per cent of the body is skeletal muscle, and 10 per cent is smooth and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscles are composed
More information5. What component of the sarcomere is not attached to the Z line?
Model 2: Anatomy of a Sarcomere 1. Label the thick filament and the thin filament in Model 2. 2. How many sarcomeres are shown in Model 2? 3. Using Model 2, based on the locations of thick and thin filaments,
More informationMUSCLE TISSUE (MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY) PART I: MUSCLE STRUCTURE
PART I: MUSCLE STRUCTURE Muscle Tissue A primary tissue type, divided into: skeletal muscle cardiac muscle smooth muscle Functions of Skeletal Muscles Produce skeletal movement Maintain body position Support
More informationThe Muscular System. Specialized tissue that enable the body and its parts to move.
The Muscular System Specialized tissue that enable the body and its parts to move. Anterior View Posterior View TRIVIA! How many muscles are there in the human body? Answer: 640 Muscles The muscles make
More informationThe diagram shows stained muscle fibres in a section taken from a muscle
Q1.Slow and fast skeletal muscles both contain slow and fast muscle fibres but in different proportions. The proportion can be determined by observing stained sections of muscle under a microscope. The
More informationElectron Microscopy of Small Cells: Mycoplasma hominis
JOURNAL of BAcTRiowOY, Dc. 1969, p. 1402-1408 Copyright 0 1969 American Society for Microbiology Vol. 100, No. 3 Printed In U.S.A. NOTES Electron Microscopy of Small Cells: Mycoplasma hominis JACK MANILOFF
More informationMuscle Tissue.
Muscle Tissue Email:lizhongjie@zju.edu.cn General description 1) components: ---cell: muscle cell - myofiber ---extracellular ground substance: CT with BV, LV and nerve Nomenclature in muscular cell Muscular
More informationClass XI Chapter 20 Locomotion and Movement Biology
Question 1: Draw the diagram of a sarcomere of skeletal muscle showing different regions. The diagrammatic representation of a sarcomere is as follows: Question 2: Define sliding filament theory of muscle
More informationMuscle Tissue. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres. Lone Star College North Harris Pearson Education, Inc.
10 Muscle Tissue PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris An Introduction to Muscle Tissue Muscle Tissue A primary tissue type, divided into: Skeletal muscle
More informationEssentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology. The Muscular System
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology The Muscular System The Muscular System Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement they contract or shorten and are the machine of the body Three basic
More informationThe Muscular System. - composed of mostly skeletal muscle tissue, nervous tissue, blood and connective tissue
The Muscular System Every action the body takes utilizes a muscular activity. Some of the muscles of the body are under voluntary control (skeletal muscles), and by using these muscle, you are able to
More informationSkeletal Muscle. Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal Muscle Skeletal Muscle Types of muscle Skeletal muscle-moves the skeleton by pulling on the tendons that are connected to the bones Cardiac muscle-pumps blood through the heart and blood vessels
More informationThe appearance of muscle protein and myofibrils within the embryonic chick limb-bud
/. Embryol. exp. Morph. Vol. 30, 3, pp. 673-679, 1973 673 Printed in Great Britain The appearance of muscle protein and myofibrils within the embryonic chick limb-bud By P. V. THOROGOOD 1 From the Department
More informationMuscular System. Human A & P
Muscular System Human A & P There are 3 types of muscle tissue: A. Skeletal B. Smooth C. Cardiac The essential function of a muscle is contraction, or shortening, and are responsible for essentially all
More informationMuscle Cell Anatomy & Function (mainly striated muscle tissue)
Muscle Cell Anatomy & Function (mainly striated muscle tissue) General Structure of Muscle Cells (skeletal) several nuclei (skeletal muscle) skeletal muscles are formed when embryonic cells fuse together
More informationCh 12 can be done in one lecture
Ch 12 can be done in one lecture Developed by John Gallagher, MS, DVM Chapter 12: Muscles Review muscle anatomy (esp. microanatomy of skeletal muscle) Terminology: sarcolemma t-tubules sarcoplasmic reticulum
More informationANSC/FSTC 607 Biochemistry and Physiology of Muscle as a Food INNERVATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF MUSCLE
ANSC/FSTC 607 Biochemistry and Physiology of Muscle as a Food INNERVATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF MUSCLE I. Organization of the motor neuron and myofibers A. Motoneuron bifurcates into many branches (terminal
More informationBIPN 100 F15 (Kristan) Human Physiology Lecture 10. Smooth muscle p. 1
BIPN 100 F15 (Kristan) Human Physiology Lecture 10. Smooth muscle p. 1 Terms you should understand: smooth muscle, L-type Ca ++ channels, actin, myosin, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), myosine phosphatase,
More informationDOWNLOAD PDF STRUCTURE AND REGULATION OF CARDIAC AND SKELETAL MUSCLE THIN FILAMENTS
Chapter 1 : ACTC1 - Wikipedia LARRY S. TOBACMAN STRUCTURE AND REGULATION OF CARDIAC AND The biological production of force and movement can be understood only when it is. Structure[ edit ] There are three
More informationMuscle tissue. 1) Striated skeletal muscle tissue. 2) Striated cardiac muscle tissue. 3) Smooth muscle tissue.
Muscle tissue 1) Striated skeletal muscle tissue. 2) Striated cardiac muscle tissue. 3) Smooth muscle tissue. General characteristic of muscle tissue Origin: mesoderm and mesenchyme Excitability Contraction
More informationSKELETAL MUSCLE CHARACTERISTICS
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM SKELETAL MUSCLE CHARACTERISTICS Most are attached by tendons to bones Cells are multinucleate Striated have visible banding Voluntary subject to conscious control Cells are surrounded
More informationDr. Heba Kalbouneh. Ragad Alhawi. Heba Kalbouneh
13 Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Ragad Alhawi Heba Kalbouneh Motor unit: it s the muscle cells that are supplied by a single neuron/axon, it s size is variable according to the muscle action. EX: quadriceps muscle
More informationHole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition. Mrs. Hummer. Chapter 9 Muscular System
Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition Mrs. Hummer Chapter 9 Muscular System 1 Chapter 9 Muscular System Skeletal Muscle usually attached to bones under conscious control striated Three Types
More informationMuscles and Muscle Tissue
1 Muscles and Muscle Tissue Chapter 9 2 Overview of Muscle Tissues Compare and Contrast the three basic types of muscle tissue List four important functions of muscle tissue 3 Muscle Terminology Muscle
More information