Effects of Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Prevention of Asthma

Transcription

1 Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology Advances Effects of Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Prevention of Asthma Tartibian B., Yaghoobnezhad F. and Abdollahzadeh N. J Phys Pharm Adv 2014, 4(5): DOI: /jppa Online version is available on:

2 ISSN: YAGHOOBNEZHAD ET AL. Effects of Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Prevention of Asthma 1 Tartibian B., 2 Yaghoobnezhad F. and 3 Abdollahzadeh N. Original Article 1 Associate Professor of exercise physiology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. 2 MSc student of exercise physiology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. 3 MSc of physiology, Urmia Medicine University, Urmia, Iran. Abstract Evidence indicates that regular exercise reduces respiratory symptoms of asthma and improves pulmonary volumes and capacities. This is also a correlation between sleep quality and respiratory Parameters. The purposes of this study was to role of physical activity and sleep quality in prevention of asthma, comparison of respiratory parameters, and sleep quality in active and inactive men. healthy young male aged years, voluntarily participated in the study in tow groups (each n=15) namely active and inactive Respiratory parameters including: forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), Percentage of Forced expiratory volume in the first second (% FEV1), Forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum forced expiratory flow rates at 25and 75% of expired FVC (MEF25% and %75) were measured by spirometer with standard procedures Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) used to measure sleep quality. The values of FVC (P <0.023), FEV1 (P<0.000), %FEV1 (p<0.031), MEF25% (p<0. 026), MEF75% (P<0.042) showed a significant increase in active group compared to the inactive group. Score of Sleep Quality Index was significantly lower in active group (p< 0.002). In active group, was observed reduce in score of sleep quality with per unit increase in quantities some of respiratory parameters. The results of this study indicated that Physical activity could cause some changes in the pulmonary volumes and capacities as well as sleep quality levels, so that could be helpful in prevention of asthma. We suggest further investigations to be prove the idea. Keywords: Pulmonary volume, sleep, physical activity. Corresponding author: MSc student of exercise physiology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. Received on: 19 Apr 2013 Revised on: 29 May 2013 Accepted on: 31 Dec 2013 Online Published on: 31 May J. Phys. Pharm. Adv., 2014, 4(5):

3 EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP QUALITY IN Introduction Nowadays, chronic pulmonary diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are amongst the most prevalent Diseases, cause of disability and mortality in human societies (6). Asthma is the most common of chronic disorders of the respiratory system have been significantly accession. Exogenous and endogenous agents factors are stimulate asthma, that with hyperactivity, inflammation and obstruction of the airways causing asthma attacks and exacerbated symptoms. Therefore can be prevention from Severe and nagging symptoms accession through detect and avoid of contact with stimulator factors. One of the known methods for the prevention and treatment of asthma, pulmonary rehabilitations with Exercise trainings that people with regular physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of asthma attacks. However, due to negative attitude toward the possibility creation exercise-induced asthma, sedentary lifestyle Asthmatic patients has led to the less physical fitness level, and cardiorespiratory fitness than their peers (1). However, reports suggest that endurance Exercise trainings have the beneficial effects on capacity and ventilation efficiency of pulmonary function and causing be control and reduce asthma through coordination between motor system and cardiovascular system (7). Also exercise 2-3 times a week for 4 weeks and minutes each time can improve lung function and capacity volume and reduces Respiration rate during exercise (8). In recent studies, researchers result on 3,000 adolescents years showed that the incidence of symptoms Asthma include wheezing in adolescents who do physical activity at least once a week is far less than inactive people. Researchers know reason Do this fewer tend adolescent athletes to smoking. Because smoking increased to5.2- fold risk of asthma in adolescents. One of the known effects of sleep is control involuntary breathing through rehabilitation the central nervous system (CNS). Relationship between Sleep quality and respiratory system and the mutual affects these variables is discussed by researchers (4). If Researchers could not show some changes in pulmonary volumes and capacities the affected by sleep deprivation (5). Nevertheless Other Researchers have reported also reduce performance of some volumes and capacities pulmonary induced insomnia. If researchers were investigated Effects sleep deprivation on respiration in patients with COPD And concluded that sleep deprivation at night result in temporary decrease in some reduce of volume and capacity pulmonary as a Forced vital capacity (FVC) Forced expiratory volume in the first seconds (FEV1) in patients with the chronic obstruction pulmonary (3). The researchers also reported a study on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, Insomnia associated with dyspnea, coughing and severe COPD. Unfortunately has not been reported many studies on relationship between sleep quality and function, volume and capacity pulmonary, particularly in the field of sport science. Therefore, The purposes of this study was to role of physical activity and sleep quality in prevention of asthma, comparison of respiratory parameters, and sleep quality in active and inactive men. Materials and Methods 30 healthy young male aged years, voluntarily participated in the study in tow groups (each n=15) namely active and inactive. Active group were selected among the 22 people who for more than two years of experience exercise and doing physical activity were at least 8 hours at a week and 20 volunteers with no history exercise and doing physical activity lower than 3 hours at a week. Pittsburg standardized questionnaire is used to assess sleep quality that the reliability and validity respectively was 89.6 and 86.5.Scoring is based on questions that are scored from 0 to 3, respectively, indicating normal, mild problem, moderate and severe. Total scores basis points on the seven scales of 0-21, which is 0-5 as the quality of sleep and poor sleep quality was classified as 6 or more. Also, the volumes and capacities pulmonary, including FEV1, FEV1%, FVC, MEF25% and MEF75% by spirometer was measured, based on standard published by America Thoracic Society (ATS). Analyze the findings assessed with the Independent t-tests, Pearson regression methods to determine the level of variables measuring changes 357 J. Phys. Pharm. Adv., 2014, 4(5):

4 YAGHOOBNEZHAD ET AL. in inactive and active groups at a significance level p<0.05. Results The data Analysis showed that FVC (Liter) was significantly above in active group compared to the inactive group (p<0.023). Also young men at active group has been greater amount FEV1 (liter) than the other group (p<0.000). FEV1% showed significantly higher levels inactive males compared to inactive group (p<0.031). Furthermore MEF25% and MEF75% levels inactive group was significantly above (p<0.026), (p<0.042) (Table1). According to findings, sleep quality scores was significantly lower in active men, than inactive men (p<0.002). Furthermore, changes in sleep quality due to possible changes respiratory parameters were evaluated in active and inactive groups. Increase each unit FVC values (liter) showed equal to units decrease in sleep quality score In Active groups that not significant (p=0.170). Also, increase each unit FEV1 values (liter) equal to units showed decrease in sleep quality scores in the active group Which was statistically no significant (p=0.599). Also, increase each unit MEF75% values (L.S) to unit showed decreased sleep quality scores active men that were statistically no significant (p=0.613). However, the increase in FEV1% and MEF25% values, was not reduction in sleep quality scores of in active group. Table 1: Comparison of changes in respiratory and sleep quality scores Active and non-active young men. variation Active group mean±s.td Inactive group mean±s.td P. value FVC 4.04± ± * FEV1 3.78± ± * FEV ± ± * MEF25% 3.03± ± * MEF75% 4.74± ± * Sleep quality 4.13± ± * Independent T-TEST P <0.05. * Discussion Presents today Results showed that sleep quality index score impressed exercise was significantly lower in the active group (4.13±1.18) compared with the inactive group (6.53±2.50) that demonstrated improved sleep quality inactive group than inactive group. Seems to have good effects physical activity on sleep quality levels in people active and non-active. If the researchers believe that physical activity increased NON-REM stage and reduced REM sleep phases and also due to reducing latency during sleep, and improved sleep quality (10). In the present study amount volumes and capacities, FEV1, FEV1%, FVC, MEF25% and MEF75% was significantly higher in the active group compared with the inactive group. Seems to be a significant cause of respiratory parameters mentioned in two groups is the physical activity 358 J. Phys. Pharm. Adv., 2014, 4(5): performed. As a study on adults with mild to moderate asthma, has been reported impressed physical activity increased resistance Respiratory muscle and followed improve ventilation, Forced vital capacity (FVC) Forced expiratory volume in the first sec (FEV1) (2). Research results showed that associated with changes in volumes and capacities pulmonary of impressed Physical activity, sleep quality index score changed in the active group that this changes were reported no significant. So what the per 1 unit (L) in quantities of FEV1 equal to 21.7%, FVC equals 38.6, and MEF75% equals to 19.4% was observed decrease in the average quantities of sleep quality score. However, the results of study did not show changes in sleep quality along with Variables FEV1% and MEF25% in the active group and none of the functional levels of volumes and capacities pulmonary in inactive group. Unfortunately, not

5 EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP QUALITY IN reported so far the research in field the relationship between sleep quality and amount volumes and capacities pulmonary impressed physical activity. Despite this some researcher to investigated the relationship between sleep quality and respiratory parameters in healthy individuals and patients with normal clinical conditions. The researchers indicated the relationship between pulmonary edema disease and obstructive sleep apnea in women and reported that patients with pulmonary edema and severe sleep apnea have lower levels of FEV1 and FVC (9). Also other researchers reported a decrease in FVC and FEV1 due to insomnia (3). This study shows that sleep quality active men changes in response to increasing of volumes and capacities pulmonary, was observed decrease in sleep quality index score. These changes associated with increase some variables such as FEV1, FVC, and MEF75% was observed in active men that was not significant. Perhaps such changes in the sleep quality and respiratory parameters in young active men contributed to increase PO2, improved blood circulation, and finally help to the lungs and ventilation pulmonary, physical and mentally health in active young men. Optimal effects of physical activity on this physiological variables might be can the prognosis proper for prevention and improves treatment asthma patients and Upgrade life quality level in society people. Rev. Issue 4. Art. No: CD DOI: CD pub2. 9). Robert P, Blankfield, Ahmed M, Stephen J (2004). Zyzanski. Idiopathic. Effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on edema in patients with obstructive sleep apnea edema is associated. Sleep Med., 5(6): Turin M (2000). Exercise training in asthma. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness., 40: Yekkeh fallah L (2006). Effect of physical exercise on pulmonary function and clinical manifestations by asthmatic patients, Res. J. zahedan Med. Sci., 8(1): References Breslin E, van der Schans C, Breukink S, Meek P, Mercer K, Volz W, et al., (1998). Perception of fatigue and quality of life in patients with COPD. Chest., 114: Cypcar E (1994). Asthma and exercise. J. Clin. Chest. Med., 15: 351. Phillips BA, Cooper KR, Burke TV (1987). The effect of sleep lossonbreathing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest., 91: Purnell HP (2003). Some physiological changes in female athletes during and after exercise. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 86: Ram FS, Robinson SM, Black PN, et al., (2006). Treatment review: physical training increases cardiopulmonary fitness in asthma and does not decrease lung function. Evidence Based Nurs., 9: CD (Abstract). Ram FS (2005). Physical training in people with asthma improved cardiopulmonary fitness withoutharminglungfunction. Cochran Database Sys. Rev., issue 4: (abstract). Ram FSF, Robinson SM, Black PN, et al., (2005). Physical training for asthma. Cochrane Database of Systematic 359 J. Phys. Pharm. Adv., 2014, 4(5):