Muscular System. Disorders & Conditions

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Vivian Stanley
6 years ago
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1 Muscular System Disorders & Conditions

2 Fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia is a disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue, sleep, memory and mood issues. Often is described as a constant dull ache, typically arising from muscles. Pain must occur on both sides of your body and above and below your waist. Patients typically report feeling tired This is due to an interruption in sleep related to muscle pain

3 Fibromyalgia Causes: there is no definite cause. Some Doctors think it is caused by: Genetics Infections Physical or emotional trauma

4 Muscular Dystrophy Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic diseases in which muscle fibers are unusually susceptible to damage. These damaged muscles become progressively weaker. There are many different kinds of muscular dystrophy. Symptoms of the most common variety begin in childhood, primarily in boys.

5 Muscular Dystrophy People who have muscular dystrophy may have trouble breathing or swallowing Their limbs may also draw inward and become fixed in that position a problem called contracture. Some varieties of the disease can also affect the heart and other organs. MD Types: Duchenne, Becker, Myotonic, and others

6 Duchenneʼ s dystrophy Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. DMD is caused by an absence of dystrophin, a protein that helps keep muscle cells intact. Symptom onset is in early childhood, usually between ages 3 and 5 The disease primarily affects boys, but in rare cases it can affect girls.

7 Duchenneʼ s dystrophy Muscle weakness can begin as early as age 3, first affecting the muscles of the hips, pelvic area, thighs and shoulders, and later the skeletal (voluntary) muscles in the arms, legs and trunk. By the early teens, the heart and respiratory muscles also are affected Until relatively recently, boys with DMD usually did not survive much beyond their teen years Thanks to advances in cardiac and respiratory care, life expectancy is increasing

8 Myasthenia Gravis Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal (voluntary) muscles of the body. The hallmark of myasthenia gravis is muscle weakness that increases during periods of activity and improves after periods of rest. Certain muscles such as those that control eye and eyelid movement, facial expression, chewing, talking, and swallowing are often, but not always, involved in the disorder.

9 Myasthenia gravis Myasthenia gravis is caused by a defect in the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles. It commonly occurs at the neuromuscular junction In myasthenia gravis, antibodies block, alter, or destroy the receptors for acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, which prevents the muscle contraction from occurring.

10 Myasthenia gravis In most cases, the first noticeable symptom is weakness of the eye muscles. In others, difficulty in swallowing and slurred speech may be the first signs. Today, myasthenia gravis can generally be controlled. There are several therapies available to help reduce and improve muscle weakness. Treatments include: Immunosuppressive drugs or acetylcholinerase

11 Muscle spasms or cramps When you the muscle suddenly becomes hard, tight, and painful It is commonly called a charlie horse It commonly occurs in the calf or foot But often seen in the thigh (quad/hamstring), abdomen, hands, and muscles along the rib cage

12 Muscle spasms or cramps Commonly caused by: Poor blood circulation to the area Overexertion during exercise Muscle Fatigue Dehydration Treatment: Stretching, massage, ice, rehydration

13 Muscle Strain Occurs when excessive force is applied to the muscle during exertion Caused by: Overstretching or being pushed past normal range of motion Miscommunication between muscles

14 Muscle Strain Symptoms include: Pain in the affected muscle Swelling and discoloration A gap in the muscle indicating tearing Decrease in Range of Motion Inability to use the muscle

15 Muscle Strain Treatment: RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation Static Stretching Massage NSAIDS: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

OBJECTIVES. Unit 7:5 PROPERTIES OR CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCLES. Introduction. 3 Kinds of Muscles. 3 Kinds of Muscles 4/17/2018 MUSCULAR SYSTEM

OBJECTIVES. Unit 7:5 PROPERTIES OR CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCLES. Introduction. 3 Kinds of Muscles. 3 Kinds of Muscles 4/17/2018 MUSCULAR SYSTEM OBJECTIVES Unit 7:5 MUSCULAR SYSTEM Compare the three main kinds of muscles by describing the action of each Differentiate between voluntary and involuntary muscles List at least three functions of muscles