EFFECT OF SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE ON GROWTH OF DRY BEAN. Research Report to Northarvest Bean Growers, January 19, 2009

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1 EFFECT OF SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE ON GROWTH OF DRY BEAN Reserh Report to Northrvest Ben Growers, Jnury 19, 29 Berlin D. Nelson, Susilo Poromrto, n Ruell Goswmi, Dept. Plnt Pthology, NDSU Ojetive: Determine the effet of soyen yst nemtoe on growth of four lsses of ry en INTRODUCTION: In 28 we estlishe two reserh sites, Wr in Rihln Co., n Frgo, in Css Co., North Dkot, to test the effet of soyen yst nemtoe (SCN) on growth of ry en. Pinto en GTS9 n kiney en Montlm were grown t the Wr site while GTS9, Montlm, Vist (nvy en) n T39 (lk en) were grown t the Frgo site. These experiments were estlishe y growing ry ens in SCN infeste soil in five gllon plsti pots tht were ple in the fiel so plnts oul grow uner nturl onitions. Soil (Wynmere lom) ws ollete from n infeste site, psteurize to kill the SCN eggs n then ple in the plsti pots. Eggs were otine from infete plnts proue in the greenhouse n were e to the soil in pots t vrious rtes. GTS9, Vist n T39 were teste t the following egg ensities: 2,5, 5,, n 1, eggs/1 soil, while Montlm ws teste t 1,, 2,5, n 5, eggs/1 soil. See ws then plnte to estlish one plnt/pot n pots were urie in the soil (with the pot ottoms remove) t the two sites. There were four replitions of eh tretment. Plnts were grown to mturity n plnt height, po numer n weight, totl numer of sees, weight of sees, n totl ry weight of plnt were reore for eh infete plnt. In ition, the totl numer of ysts n eggs proue in the soil of eh pot ws etermine. We lso ttempte to estlishe greenhouse experiments to etermine the effet of SCN on ry en growth using the sme en vrieties s in the fiel experiments. Plnts were grown in sny soil in pots t vrious levels of SCN infesttion:, 1,, 5,, 1, eggs/1 of soil. The eggs were ollete from plnts inoulte in the greenhouse. There were six replitions. RESULTS: At the Wr site SCN h signifint effet on growth of GTS9. All mesurements of plnt growth, exept numer of pos, were reue y SCN (Figure 1). At 2,5 eggs/1 soil there ws reution in numer n weight of sees similr to the high egg ensities. Cysts evelope on the roots of GTS9 n greter numers forme t the 5, n 1, eggs/1 soil thn t the 2,5 eggs/1 soil (Figure 3). At hrvest, the egg levels proue y ysts forme on the roots of GTS9 in the two high egg ensity tretments were etween 1, to 12, eggs/1 soil. In ontrst, SCN i not signifintly reue the growth of Montlm (Figure 2) even though SCN reproue on the roots t ll three egg ensities n the ysts proue eggs. At the 5, eggs/1 soil tretment, the egg ount from ysts forme on the roots of Montlm ws over 9, egg/1 soil (Figure 4).

2 At the Frgo site, SCN signifintly reue stem height n the numer n weight of pos n sees of GTS9, ut only t the highest egg ensity (Figure 5). There ws no signifint effet of SCN on growth of Montlm or T39 t the Frgo site (Figures 6, 7). All the Vist plnts ie erly (mi- summer) from unknown uses, thus no t ws otine from Vist. SCN reproue to high levels on ll three ultivrs t the Frgo site (Figures 8, 9). Egg numers/1 soil (i.e., eggs proue y ysts forme on the plnt) t hrvest rnge from 11,55 to 13,322 for the three ultivrs t the highest egg ensity tretment. There ws no stress from lk of wter t the Frgo site. The site ws flooe in the spring n remine wet throughout the growing seson. From My until hrvest there ws 19 inhes of rin t this site. The ft tht it ws very wet yer might hve een ftor in these results. Stress from lk of wter generlly fvors isese evelopment y SCN. Results with Montlm t the two sites were unexpete sine uner ontrolle onitions this ultivr supports high reproution of SCN on the roots. We expete SCN to reue the yiel of this ultivr. Montlm my hve the ility to tolerte SCN n still yiel well, ut itionl stuies will e neee to etermine tht. The results with yiel of T39 were expete sine this ultivr shows some resistne to SCN in greenhouse tests. However, the high proution of SCN eggs on this ultivr (Figure 9) in ll tretments ws unexpete. Greenhouse experiments to fin the threshol egg levels for the four types of en were unsuessful. We ttempte numerous long term experiments in the greenhouse n ll experiments either h limite isese evelopment or were mge y other iseses. We elieve these experiments must e onute in the fiel uner norml fiel growing onitions *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent * Stem Height (m) Numer of Pos Weight of Pos Numer of Sees Weight of Sees Totl Plnt Dry Weight Control 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 1, eggs/1 Figure 1. Effet of SCN on growth of pinto en GTS9 t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Wr site in 28

3 *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent * Stem Height (m) Numer of Pos Weight of Pos Numer of Sees Weight of Sees Totl Plnt Dry Weight Control 1, eggs/1 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 Figure 2. Effet of SCN on growth of kiney en Montlm t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Wr site in 28. *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent * GTS-9 Montlm Control 1, eggs/1 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 1, eggs/1 Figure 3. Numer of SCN ysts/1 soil proue on the roots of GTS9 n Montlm t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Wr site in 28.

4 *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, * GTS-9 Montlm Control 1, eggs/1 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 1, eggs/1 Figure 4. Numer of SCN eggs/1 soil proue on the roots of GTS9 n Montlm t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Wr site in *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent * Stem Height (m) Numer of Pos Weight of Pos Numer of Sees Weight of Sees Totl Plnt Dry Weight Control 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 1, eggs/1 Figure 5. Effet of SCN on growth of GTS9 t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Frgo site in 28.

5 *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent * 5 Stem Height (m) Numer of Pos Weight of Pos Numer of Sees Weight of Sees Totl Plnt Dry Weight Control 1, eggs/1 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 Figure 6. Effet of SCN on growth of Montlm t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Frgo site in *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent * 5 Stem Height (m) Numer of Pos Weight of Pos Numer of Sees Weight of Sees Totl Plnt Dry Weight Control 1, eggs/1 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 Figure 7. Effet of SCN on growth of T-39 t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Frgo site in 28.

6 *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent GTS-9 Montlm T-39 Control 1, eggs/1 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 1, eggs/1 Figure 8. Numer of SCN ysts/1 soil proue on the roots of GTS9, Montlm, n T39 t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Frgo site in 28. *Columns with the sme letter re not signifintly ifferent 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, GTS-9 Montlm T-39 Control 1, eggs/1 2,5 eggs/1 5, eggs/1 1, eggs/1 Figure 9. Numer of SCN eggs/1 soil proue on the roots of GTS9, Montlm, n T39 t vrious egg ensities t plnting t the Frgo site in 28.