FACT SHEET 1 IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)

Transcription

1 FACT SHEET 1 IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) Territory: Borders: 1,648,195 sq. km. Azerbaijan (432 km/268 mi) and Armenia (35 km/22 mi) to the north-west; Turkmenistan (992 km/616 mi) to the north-east; Pakistan (909 km/565 mi) and Afghanistan (936 km/582 mi) to the east; Turkey (499 km/310 mi) and Iraq (1,458 km/906 mi) to the west; and finally the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the south. UN estimates of annual total population (thousands) Total 77,435 78,411 79,360 80,277 81, aged 55,483 55,076 56,610 57,086 57,521 Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision. DRUG SEIZURES Seizures of illicit drugs (kg) Opioids: Heroin 13,730 13,459 16,116 21,098 23,785 Opium 436, , , , ,551 Illicit morphine 10,429 12,717 8,258 10,903 15,073 Cannabis-type: Hashish (resin) 76,067 77,828 98, , ,546 Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS): Methamphetamine 3,677 2,644 2,143 1,770 2,302 Source: Islamic Republic (I.R.) of Iran, Drug Control Headquarters (DCHQ) reports; UNODC World Drug Reports. Seizures of illicit precursors and other substances Acetic anhydride (lt) 80 2, , ,820 4 n/a 5 Acetic chloride (lt) ,000 - n/a n/a Ammonium chloride (kg) n/a n/a n/a n/a 238,000 1 Data sourced from the UNODC Annual Reports Questionnaire (ARQ) is validated with the Government through the annual UNODC World Drug Report pre publication process. 2 Destined to Afghanistan. 3 4,000 litres destined to Kyrgyzstan; 1,330 destined to Pakistan; 28,064 destined to Afghanistan. 4 The consignment originated from China, destined to Afghanistan. 5 n/a from here onwards indicates that data is not available. 6 The symbol - from here onwards indicates that no data was recorded. Updated February

2 Seizures of illicit precursors and other substances Ephedrine (kg) n/a 2, ,536 8 n/a n/a Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ and Anti Narcotic Police (ANP) reports (latest available data). Kitchen laboratories destroyed by law enforcement agencies Methamphetamine Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ reports; UNODC World Drug Reports. Note: There are no heroin labs in the Islamic Republic of Iran as reported by DCHQ and ANP. Seizure cases (in percentage) by transportation method of drug trafficking, 2015 Heroin Opium Cocaine Methamphetamine Morphine In-bound In-bound In-bound In-bound In-bound Air Mail Land Sea Source: UNODC Annual Report Questionnaire. Map of heroin seizures in the I.R. of Iran, Source: Anti Narcotic Police of I.R. of Iran kg originated from the Islamic Republic of Pakistan; 48,006 kg originated from the Republic of Iraq. Updated February

3 Map of opium seizures in the I.R. of Iran, 2015 Map of morphine seizures in the I.R. of Iran, 2015 Updated February

4 Map of hashish seizures in the I.R. of Iran, 2015 Joint/simultaneous and Maritime Operations Jan.-July 2017 I.R. of Iran - I.R. of Pakistan Total seized drugs (kg) 3, ,267.3 n/a n/a n/a Opium (kg) 1, n/a n/a n/a Heroin (kg) - - n/a n/a n/a Hashish (kg) 2, ,020 n/a n/a n/a I.R. of Iran - I.R. of Afghanistan n/a n/a Total seized drugs (kg) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ and ANP reports. Source: I.R. of Iran, ANP report. Maritime operation in 2017 In line with monitoring trafficking of heroin from the Indian Ocean route and fighting against international drug trafficking networks, after several months of intelligence work, the Anti Narcotic Police of the Islamic Republic of Iran identified an international drug trafficking network operating in the Indian Ocean route. Based on the intelligence, members of this network intended to deliver a heavy cargo of heroin from Jiwani, Pakistan by speed boats to a vessel on the high seas. Geographic location of delivery point was informed to the operational maritime forces of police. As a result, 685 kg of heroin was seized and 10 people were arrested: two had Sri Lankan nationality, two had Indian nationality and the rest were Iranian. Updated February

5 DRUG PRICES AND DRUG PURITY Wholesale prices of illicit drugs (USD per kg) Heroin (unknown purity) 1,930-11,815 1,440-8,518 1,110-4,683 5,740 2,500-8,400 Opium 770-1, , , ,000 Hashish (resin) Methamphetamine 4,560-9,130 7,301 n/a 6,114 8,720-12,460 Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ reports; UNODC World Drug Reports. Note: Prices are collected in local currency but are presented in US dollars. The conversion into US dollars is based on official UN rates. However, comparisons of prices from different years need to be made with caution as they are influenced by changes in the exchange rates and may not necessarily reflect changes in the local markets. The single figures reflect typical prices. Retail prices of illicit drugs (USD per gram) Heroin (unknown purity) Opium n/a Hashish (resin) n/a Source: UNODC World Drug Report 2017 (latest available data). DRUG-RELATED CRIME Suspects arrested in the country (persons) Distributors/traffickers 255, , , , ,716 Average daily arrests of distributors/traffickers Foreigners 3,802 n/a n/a n/a n/a Drug users 48,398 66, ,912 n/a n/a Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ and ANP reports; UNODC World Drug Reports. Organized drug-related crime Trafficking groups dismantled 2,940 2,816 2,885 2,713 2,280 Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ reports. DRUG ABUSE Centers active in the field of treatment and harm reduction Governmental No. of centers 328 n/a n/a n/a 430 No. of admissions 120, ,584 85,122 75,363 78,228 Non-Governmental No. of centers 2,446 n/a n/a n/a 7,673 No. of admissions 600, , , , ,410 Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ reports; Statistical Center of Iran, Statistical Yearbooks. Updated February

6 Centers active in the field of treatment and harm reduction, 2016 Number of centers Number of admissions Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) 510,140 Buprenorphine Maintenance Treatment (BMT) 82,746 7,516 Outpatient detox 50,259 Inpatient detox 922 Drop-in Centers ,729 Mobile teams ,717 Shelters 77 15,202 Therapeutic community 19 2,283 Medium-term residential units 1, ,303 Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ. Report on Drug Control in the Islamic Republic of Iran in 2016 (Teheran, 2017). Number of treatment clinics, Most widely consumed drugs, ,394 2,774 4,310 5,263 6,170 6,667 7, % 11.9% 8.1% 66.7% opium and opium residue hashish (marijuana grass and Gol) heroin and crack heroin ice Source: I.R. of Iran, DCHQ, Report on Drug Control of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 2016 (Teheran, 2017). Note: The number of treatment centres increased because of the rise in the number of NGOs providing treatment services and the number of referrals thanks to improvement in treatment services and raise in public awareness. Data source: Islamic Republic of Iran, DCHQ and State Welfare Organization. Note: 1) Ice stands for crystal methamphetamine; 2) Gol (a Persian equivalent for flower in English) refers to marijuana combined with different stimulant substances that makes it more dangerous than marijuana, itself, and hashish. (Source: Annual prevalence of drug use as percentage of the population aged Best estimate Uncertainty range Year of estimate Cannabis No recent, reliable estimate Cocaine Opiates 2.26 n/a 2010 Source: UNODC World Drug Report 2017 (latest available data). According to a new survey implemented by State Welfare Organization and Drug Control Headquarters, official number of drug users among the general population of years of age, who have used one type of drug at least once during past year, is 2.8 million. Number of drug related death is 3,190; out of this figure 343 cases are female and 2,847 cases are male. Based on this survey, 3,600 high risk and at risk students have been identified. Updated February

7 Drug-related mortality with ranking of drugs as primary cause of death Number of deaths 3,593 3,056 2,986 2,986 3,003 Reference population 53,244,800 54,309,370 55,275,782 55,076,000 56,428,180 Rate per million aged Ranking of drugs as primary cause of death Opioids 1 1 n/a n/a 1 ATS n/a 2 Source: UNODC World Drug Reports. HIV/AIDS New HIV/AIDS cases reported, ,325 1,823 2,054 2,218 2,297 2,627 2,437 2,198 2,087 1,836 1,908 1,811 1,886 1,844 1,864 2, Source: Islamic Republic of Iran, Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MoHME), Centre for Disease Control (CDC), HIV/AIDS Office. HIV/AIDS cases according to gender, 1 January March 2017 HIV/AIDS Deaths Total 34,949 9,477 Male 26,988 8,797 (%) Female 4, (%) 16 7 Source: Islamic Republic of Iran, MoHME, CDC, HIV/AIDS Office. Transmission method in HIV/AIDS cases 1 January March 2017 Total number 34,949 IDUs (%) 66.3 Sexual intercourse (%) 19.3 Blood and blood products (%) 0.7 Mother to child (%) 1.5 Unidentified (%) 12.3 Source: Islamic Republic of Iran, MoHME, CDC, HIV/AIDS Office. 9 The figures are cumulative, indicating the number of HIV/AIDS and death cases from the beginning of data reporting from the Ministry of Health (1986) to end of each fiscal year. Updated February

8 National estimation of HIV prevalence in various population groups (by %) Prevalence Estimation year General population aged People who inject drugs (PWID) Female sex workers Men who have sex with men (MSM) n/a n/a Prisoners Source: Islamic Republic of Iran, MoHME, National AIDS Committee Secretariat, AIDS Progress Report on Monitoring of the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV and AIDS (Teheran, March 2015). DRUG- AND CRIME-RELATED TREATIES Ratification/accession status of Drug-Related Treaties Status Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, August 1972 Convention on Psychotropic Substances of August 2000 United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of December 1992 Ratification/accession status of Crime-Related Treaties United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) a) Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the UNTOC b) Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, supplementing the UNTOC c) Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, supplementing the UNTOC Status Under consideration by the Parliament United Nations Convention against Corruption 20 April There is not any study on male sex workers. Updated February