Otterbein Police Department. Opioid Addition Awareness

Transcription

1 Otterbein Police Department Opioid Addition Awareness

2 What are Opiates? Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphinelike effects. Medically they are primarily used for pain relief, including anesthesia. Other medical uses include suppression of diarrhea, replacement therapy for opioid use disorder, reversing opioid overdose, suppressing cough, and suppressing opioid induced constipation. Extremely potent opioids such as carfentanil are only approved for veterinary use. Opioids are also frequently used non-medically for their euphoric effects or to prevent withdrawal.

3 What Do Opiates Do? Opiates may be taken by mouth, through the skin (patch), or by a needle into the fat, muscle or vein. They attach to special opiate receivers in the brain where they help to relieve pain. Some opiates cause euphoria ( high ) and sleepiness or, if taken in large amounts, unconsciousness that may progress to death (OD). Other side effects may include itching, headache, nausea, constipation, confusion, slow pulse and slow breathing. Some opiates last a few hours and some more than a day.

4 Opioid Misuse/Dependence Signs and Symptoms Physical Signs Change in appetite Pupil size Small: opioid intoxication Large: opioid withdrawal Nausea Vomiting Sweating Shaking Behavioral Signs Change in personality/attitude Change in friends Change in activities, sports, hobbies Poor attendance / grades Increased isolation; secrecy Wearing long sleeved shirts Moody, irritable, nervous, giddy, or nodding off Stealing

5 Physically Dependent on Opioids Any person who uses opiates regularly may become physically dependent on them. This means that you need more drug over time to get the same effect(tolerance) and that you have withdrawal symptoms if you stop using the drug.

6 Physical Dependence to Addiction When you use more drug than is prescribed/needed to control your pain When you begin to spend more and more of your time seeking your drug of choice When you consistently choose drug use over social activities and responsibilities

7 Physical Dependence to Addiction When you endure the negative consequences of ongoing drug use but don t seek change When you try to stop using drugs but cannot likely that you are living with addiction.

8 What Does It Feel Like to Be Opioid Dependent?

9 Overdose Facts in Ohio Unintentional drug overdose continued to be the leading cause of injury related death from

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11 Addiction is a Brain Disease Over time, nerve cells in the brain learn to crave opiates. When opiates are not present, the opiate receivers send pain signals to the rest of the brain (withdrawal). This is a physical condition, not caused by a lack of willpower or morals and not cured by good advice. Addiction is a chronic and treatable disease, like diabetes and heart disease.

12 Types Of Opiates

13 Heroin

14 What is HEROIN? A illegal narcotic used recreationally to achieve effects similar to those caused by prescription opioids How Does It Make You Feel? Relieves pain; Instant rush of good feelings and happiness, followed by slow, dreamlike euphoria Heroin comes from the opium poppy flower It can look like a white or brown powder, or black tar Other names for it: horse, smack, junk, and brown sugar How It Is Used Inject (most common and most dangerous), snort, or smoke it No matter how you use it, it gets to the brain quickly HEROIN IS HIGHLY ADDICTIVE you quickly build a tolerance for it and need more each time to feel the same results

15 Packaging of Heroin

16 Common Prescription Opioids Hydrocodone (Ex: Vicodin, Lortab); Oxycodone (Ex: OxyContin, Roxicodone, Percocet) Commonly prescribed for a variety of painful conditions, including dental and injury-related pain Morphine (Ex: DepoDur, Astramorph, Duramorph) Often used before and after surgical procedures to alleviate severe pain Fentanyl times more potent than Morphine; Used to treat severe pain, often in patch form Codeine Often prescribed for mild pain; Can also be used to relieve coughs and severe diarrhea

17 Dangers of Snorting and Sniffing Drugs Snorting or insufflating drugs may produce more intense and rapid effects, which can ultimately increase the rate of addiction onset as well as place users at relatively higher risk of overdose and other substance abuse-related health concerns.

18 Dangers of Snorting Drugs Snorting drugs can have detrimental effects on your health. For people who repeatedly snort drugs, such as heroin or cocaine, the cumulative irritation of the external nares (nostrils), nasal passages and sinus structures can lead to a number of adverse events, such as: Perforation of the nasal septum. Irritation of the nasal mucosa. Sinusitis. Nose bleeds. Loss of sense of smell. Problems swallowing. Hoarseness. In addition to the usual suspects (i.e., cocaine), many people will snort prescription drugs that have been crushed into a powder, such as opioid painkillers and prescription stimulants. These medications may come in extended-release formulas intended to slowly release the drug into your system throughout the day. Users may crush and snort the pills or otherwise tamper with the extended-release mechanism to release the effects immediately. This produces an amplified high but also increases the risk of negative consequences and overdose.

19 Percocet

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21 Fentanyl

22 What is fentanyl? Most powerful opioid routinely used in human medicine x painkilling power of morphine Often used to treat postsurgical and cancer pain Rapid onset, short duration before 2013 as a recreational drug, was mostly from diversion of legal manufacture. Began to appear in large quantities as Illegally Manufactured Fentanyl (IMF) about 2013 Often mixed with heroin Very large increases in overdose deaths in last 2 years appear to be driven by it

23 You are not alone. Over 800,000 people in the USA are dependent on heroin or other opiates.

24 Before and After Effects

25 Before and After Effects

26 Before and After Effects

27 Physical Signs of Opiate Abuse

28 Signs of an opioid overdose Shallow Breathing Person s breathing slows to about 1 breath every 6 seconds. Cyanosis Overall Bluish color, especially in the lips and fingernails Constricted Pupils

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30 Use of Narcan (Naloxone) The Otterbein Police Department carries Narcan while on duty for potential overdoes. If a person has taken opioids and is then given Narcan (naloxone), the opioids will be knocked out of the opiate receptors in the brain. Narcan (naloxone) can help even if opioids are taken with alcohol or other drugs. After a dose of Narcan (naloxone), the person should begin to breathe more normally and it will become easier to wake them. It is very important to give help to an overdosing person right away. Brain damage can occur within only a few minutes of an opioid overdose as the result of a lack of oxygen to the brain. Narcan (naloxone) gives concerned helpers a window of opportunity to save a life by providing extra time to call 911 and carry out rescue breathing and first aid until emergency medical help arrives.

31 Penalties for Drug Crimes Prison or jail sentences, Fines, A criminal record, An inability to pursue certain occupations or jobs, and/or An inability to pursue certain educational opportunities. Loss of financial Aid Acceptance into College Loss of Driver s License

32 What if I find opiates? Notify the Police (WPD, OPD, CPD etc.) Don t Touch Clear the area Document if possible who was in area when opiates were found.

33 Franklin County Resources

34 Franklin County Resources Contact #

35 Otterbein Police Department joins Project DAWN Recognizing the signs and symptoms of overdose Distinguishing between different types of overdose Performing rescue breathing Calling emergency medical services Administering intranasal Naloxone

36 Trainings the Otterbein Police Department has taken on Opioids OPOTA basic curriculum Ohio Attorney General training on OARRS for Law Enforcement Ohio Attorney General training on Street Smart Series: Heroin Ohio Attorney General training on 5 modules of Dose of Reality regarding prescription drugs. The Otterbein Police Department is mandating all personal to attend a 40 hour Crisis Intervention Training which involves mental health and drug addition. Annual training on the use of Narcan (Naloxone) Otterbein Police Department has joined project DAWN (Deaths Avoided with Naloxone)

37 QUESTIONS?