The Latest Prescription Trends for Controlled Prescription Drugs

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1 The Latest Prescription Trends for Controlled Prescription Drugs September 1, 2015 Christopher M. Jones PharmD, MPH Senior Advisor Office of Public Health Strategy and Analysis Office of the Commissioner Food and Drug Administration

2 Overview Data source Opioid analgesics Benzodiazepines Stimulants Opioid use disorder medication assisted treatments Conclusions 2

3 Data Source Data from IMS Health National Prescription Audit National Prescription Audit Extended Insights 3

4 OPIOID ANALGESICS 4

5 Opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies, Q42009-Q ,000,000 ER/LA Opioid Analgesics All Opioid Analgesics 60,000,000 Number of Dispensed Prescriptions 50,000,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 0 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/2015

6 Opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies for select opioids, Q42009-Q22015 % of All Opioids hydrocodone oxycodone tramadol morphine fentanyl Dispensed in Q ,000,000 30,000,000 Number of Prescriptions Dispensed 25,000,000 20,000,000 15,000,000 10,000, % 24.6% ,000, % 0 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/ %

7 Opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by provider specialty, Number of Prescriptions Dispensed 120,000, ,000,000 80,000,000 60,000,000 40,000,000 20,000, Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/2015

8 Percent Percentage of opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by specialty, 2010 vs Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/2015

9 Opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by gender, August 2014-July 2015 Male 41.3% Female 58.7% 9 Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit Extended Insights Data Extracted 8/24/2015

10 Opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by age group, August 2014-July 2015 Age % Ages % Ages % Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit Extended Insights Data Extracted 8/24/2015 Ages % 10

11 BENZODIAZEPINES 11

12 Benzodiazepine prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies, Q42009-Q ,000,000 Alprazolam Lorazepam Diazepam All Benzodiazepines Number of dispensed prescriptions 20,000,000 15,000,000 10,000,000 5,000,000 0 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/2015

13 Benzodiazepine prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by provider specialty, ,000, Number of dispensed prescriptions 50,000,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 0 Primary Care Physicians Nurse Practitioners/Physician Psychiatrist/Psychologists Other Assistants Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/

14 Percentage of benzodiazepine prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by specialty, 2010 vs Percent Primary Care Physicians Nurse Practitioners/Physician Psychiatrist/Psychologists Other Assistants 14 Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/2015

15 Benzodiazepine prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by gender, August 2014-July 2015 Male 33.1% Female 66.9% 15 Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit Extended Insights Data Extracted 8/24/2015

16 Benzodiazepine prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by age group, August 2014-July 2015 Age % Ages % Ages % Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit Extended Insights Data Extracted 8/24/2015 Ages % 16

17 STIMULANTS 17

18 Stimulant* prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies, Q42009-Q ,000,000 Amph/Dextroamph Methylphenidate All Stimulants * Number of dispensed prescriptions 14,000,000 12,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q * includes: amphetamine, amphetamine-dextroamphetamine, dextroamphetamine,, dexmethylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, pemoline Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/

19 Number of dispensed prescriptions Stimulant* prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by provider specialty, ,000,000 18,000,000 16,000,000 14,000,000 12,000,000 10,000,000 8,000, ,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0 Primary Care Physicians Nurse Psychiatrist/Psychologists Pediatrics Other Practitioners/Physician Assistants 19 * includes: amphetamine, amphetamine-dextroamphetamine, dextroamphetamine,, dexmethylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, pemoline Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/2015

20 35 Percentage of stimulant* prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by specialty, 2010 vs Percent Primary Care Physicians Nurse Psychiatrist/Psychologists Pediatrics Other Practitioners/Physician Assistants * includes: amphetamine, amphetamine-dextroamphetamine, dextroamphetamine,, dexmethylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, pemoline Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/

21 Stimulant* prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by gender, August 2014-July 2015 Female 44.8% Male 55.2% *includes: amphetamine, amphetamine-dextroamphetamine, dextroamphetamine,, dexmethylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, Pemoline, modafinil, armodafinil, caffeine, Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit Extended Insights Data Extracted 8/24/

22 Ages % Stimulant* prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by age group, August 2014-July 2015 Age % Ages % Ages % *includes: amphetamine, amphetamine-dextroamphetamine, dextroamphetamine,, dexmethylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, Pemoline, modafinil, armodafinil, caffeine, Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit Extended Insights Data Extracted 8/24/

23 OPIOID USE DISORDER MEDICATION ASSISTED TREATMENTS 23

24 Buprenorphine* prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies, Q42009-Q ,000,000 All Buprenorphine Suboxone & generics Subutex & generics Zubsolv Bunavail Number of dispensed prescriptions 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, ,000 0 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q *Does not include Butrans or Buprenex (or generics) Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/2015

25 Percentage of buprenorphine* prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies by specialty, 2010 vs Percent Primary Care Physicians Addiction Medicine/Psychiatry/Psychology Other *Does not include Butrans or Buprenex (or generics) Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/

26 Naltrexone* prescriptions dispensed from US retail + pharmacies, Q42009-Q ,000 Vivitrol All Naltrexone 140,000 Number of dispensed prescriptions 120, ,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q * Naltrexone is also approved for use in alcohol dependence. Thus, not all prescriptions were used for opioid dependence +The number of prescriptions dispensed for Vivitrol from specialty pharmacies is approximately 3-4x that from US retail pharmacies. Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/

27 Percentage of naltrexone* prescriptions dispensed from US retail pharmacies + by specialty, 2010 vs Percent Primary Care Physicians Nurse Practitioners/Physician Addiction Other Assistants Medicine/Psychiatry/Psychology * Naltrexone is also approved for use in alcohol dependence. Thus, not all prescriptions were used for opioid dependence +The number of prescriptions dispensed for Vivitrol from specialty pharmacies is approximately 3-4x that from US retail pharmacies. Source: IMS Health National Prescription Audit, Data Extracted 8/24/

28 Conclusions The number of prescriptions dispensed for opioid analgesics has declined in recent years The number of prescriptions dispensed for benzodiazepines has been relatively consistent The number of prescriptions dispensed for stimulants has increased in recent years The number of prescriptions dispensed for both naltrexone and buprenorphine has increased in recent years There is variation in prescribing by provider specialty and patient gender and age across the examined drug classes 28

29 Questions? The findings in this presentation do not represent the official position of the US Food and Drug Administration, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the U.S. Government 29

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