Office of Aerospace Medicine

Transcription

1 Office of Aerospace Medicine FAA Drug and Alcohol Testing in the Aviation Industry Presented to: Aerospace Medical Association By: Michael A. Berry, M.D., M.S. Manager, Medical Specialties Division Date: Monday,

2 Disclosure I have no ethical, commercial, or financial interests or conflicts to disclose. 2

3 History of U.S. Drug Testing Testing became law 1989 Drugs 1995 Alcohol Industry responsible for all testing 1990 Drug Abatement Program of the Office of Aerospace Medicine initiated active inspections of industry programs 3

4 Office of Aerospace Medicine Federal Air Surgeon Deputy Federal Air Surgeon Medical Specialties Division Program Management Division Drug Abatement Division Regional Aerospace Medicine Divisions Director, Civil Aerospace Medical Institute Aerospace Medical Certification Division Aerospace Medical Education Division Aerospace Human Factors Research Division Aerospace Medical Research Division Occupational Health Division 4

5 Drug Abatement 7,200 aviation companies (483,000 safety sensitive employees) Pilots Flight Attendants Mechanics Aircraft Dispatchers Aviation Screeners Ground Security Coordinators Air Traffic Controllers 5

6 Drug Abatement (Cont.) 43 Inspectors (teams of 2) 14 major airlines inspected annually Other companies inspected based on calculated safety risk. Previous violations Legal or self reports 6

7 Substances Tested Cocaine Opiates Phencyclidine (PCP) Marijuana Amphetamines (also Ecstacy ) Alcohol 7

8 Testing (3,800 companies asked to report) Type of Test Number Done Positives Rate % Pre-Employment 2,009,762 27, Random 2,460,029 14, Reas. Suspicion 6, Post Accident 9, RTD/Follow up 68,442 1, Total 4,634,378 44,

9 50 45 Part 67 (Pilot) Drug Positives and Alcohol Violations Drug Positives 45 Alcohol Violations Year FY 2008* FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 * Represents change from Calendar year to Fiscal year are based on Calendar year reported numbers. 9

10 Part 67 (Pilot) Drug Positives and Alcohol Violations by Type of Test "Other tests*" Reasonable Cause/Suspicion tests Random tests Pre-employment tests Drug Positives * Change from CY to FY Alcohol Violations * Change from CY to FY NOTE: Other Tests include Post Accident, Follow Up, and Return-to-Duty tests. 10

11 DOT Reported Testing 2011 Alcohol (10% test rate) 50 K / 12 K Industry / Pilot tests per year.097% /.044% Industry / Pilot positive rate Drugs (25% test rate) 191 K / 41 K Industry / Pilot tests per year.462% /.095% Industry / Pilot positive rate 11

12 HIMS (Human Intervention Motivation Study) The industrial setting has proven to be the most effective place to intervene in the addiction process. The success of industrial programs in dealing with chemical dependencies has far exceeded programs set outside the job site. 12

13 HIMS (Cont.) Definitely true of airline programs Early 1970 s - HIMS began 13

14 HIMS Premise Alcoholism and other chemical dependencies are part of a disease process which is far beyond the control of the individual. 14

15 HIMS (Cont.) The HIMS concept is based on a cooperative and mutually supportive relationship Pilots Management FAA 15

16 HIMS Results Over 4,500 pilots have been successfully treated and returned to the cockpit 85% long term recovery rate 16

17 Flight Attendant Drug and Alcohol Program (FDAP) Initiated September 2010 Active Advisory Board Two national meetings to date Over 500 people have accessed services 17

18 QUESTIONS? 18