ADOLESCENT SCREENING AND ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT COMPENDIUM For Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders

Transcription

1 ADOLESCENT SCREENING AND ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT COMPENDIUM For Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders FLORIDA CERTIFICATION BOARD SOUTHERN COAST ATTC JANUARY 2007

2 INTRODUCTION This compendium was developed for the purpose of raising awareness of available screening and assessment instruments that can be used when working with adolescents to identify substance abuse, mental health and related problem areas. It is intended to be a quick reference upon which to base further exploration. All of the instruments selected for the compendium have demonstrated reliability and validity and have been recommended by various reviewers (see reference section for sites to locate additional instruments). Some instruments are free of charge and others are copyrighted and must be purchased. The first section summarizes screening instruments that have been used in a variety of clinical and non-clinical settings. The second section identifies comprehensive assessments that include specific diagnostic criteria that have been cross-walked to DSM-IV, ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes in order to detail the scope and applicability of the instrument and for your convenience. The last section includes other comprehensive assessments that contain biopsychosocial information but are not specifically based upon diagnostic criteria. It is important to note that this compendium is not an exhaustive listing of instruments that can be used; rather, it list instruments that are most closely linked to diagnostic criteria and are comprehensive in nature. We hope that this compendium will be useful to you and will provide you with some additional resources to enhance your screening and assessment processes. This publication was produced by the Florida Certification Board/Southern Coast Addiction Technology Transfer Center under contract LD702, Florida Department of Children and Families, in concurrence with SAMHSA Grant # TI 17378, Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Improvement State Incentive Grant. 1

3 SECTION I: SCREENING Screening is a process used to evaluate the possible existence of a problem for which further assessment is indicated. Screening for substance abuse is usually done through a brief interview and/or the use of a screening instrument. Instrument Description Problem Area(s) Format(s) Comments/Source Adolescent Drinking Index (ADI) Alcohol use disorders Self- Administered paper and pencil Drug Use Screening Inventory Revised (DUSI-R) Global Appraisal of Individual Needs-Short Screen (GSS) This is a 24 item rating scale measuring the severity of drinking problems. It has been used with youths in schools, substance abuse programs and those under evaluation for psychological problems. It identifies those who need further evaluation and assists with treatment planning and recommendations. Administration time: 5 minutes Scoring time: 10 minutes Training: BA degree in psychology or related field and training in interpreting psychological tests. Contains 159 T/F questions that measure problem severity in ten domains. It has been used with youth who have been referred for emotional and behavioral problems. It identifies treatment needs and provides a way to monitor treatment progress and aftercare. Administration time minutes Scoring time: 20 minutes manual or computerized Training: Drug counselors and other qualified users; no special training required. Contains 20 items that measure total severity and severity in each of the four main dimensions, with cut-off points for clinical decision making. Can be used in school, welfare, juvenile justice system settings or within the general population. Administration time: 15 minutes Substance abuse, psychiatric disorders, school adjustment, behavior problems, health status, social skills, family relationships, peer relationships, leisure and recreation. Contains a lie scale. Substance abuse, internalizing disorders (depression, anxiety, somatic disorder, traumatic distress, suicide) externalizing disorders (attention Self- Administered Paper & Computer. Spanish version. Self- Administered Paper & Computer Copyrighted. Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. P.O. Box 998 Odessa, Florida (800) $22 per manual $40 per set ( 25 tests) Copyrighted. Gordian Group P.O. Box 1557 Hartsville, SC (843) $2.00 per test Contact for software pricing. Copyrighted (See page 7) 2

4 Instrument Description Problem Area(s) Format(s) Comments/Source Scoring time: 15 minutes Training: minimal training required. deficit, hyperactivity, conduct and impulse control) crime drug related, property) and interpersonal) and violence Personal Experience Screening Questionnaire (PESQ) Contains 40 items that provide a problem severity score and overview of psychosocial problems, drug use and faking tendencies. Can be used in schools, detention facilities, medical clinics and settings where routine screening is needed. Administration time: 10 minutes Scoring time: 5 minutes Training: Instructions for hand scoring in booklet. Can be used by wide range of health professionals. (interpersonal). Problem severity, psychosocial problems, drug use history, faking tendencies. Self- Administered, paper and pencil Copyrighted. Western Psychological Services Wilshire Blvd. Los Angeles, CA (310) $42 manual $1 per test (approx.) Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers (POSIT) This contains 139 yes/no questions designed to identify problems and potential service needs in ten areas, with a follow-up questionnaire for measuring change in 7 of the 10 areas. Can be used in schools, juvenile justice, medical, mental health and substance disorder treatment settings. Administration time: 30 minutes Scoring time: 5 minutes by hand (computer scoring available) Training: requires no special training. Substance abuse, physical health, mental health, family & peer relations, educational & vocational status, social skills, leisure/recreation and aggressive behavior/delinquency Self- Administered Questionnaire Computerized version Not Copyrighted. Adolescent Assessment Referral System manual available from: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information P.O. Box 2345 Rockville, MD (800) Computerized version: PowerTrain, Inc Corporate Drive Suite 1080 Landover, MD (301)

5 Instrument Description Problem Area(s) Format(s) Comments/Source Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI) Problem drinking Self- Administered Paper & Pencil This contains 18 items that assess adolescent problem drinking and related negative consequences. Advantages include ease of administration and usability with clinical and non-clinical populations. Administration time: 10 minutes Scoring time: 5 minutes Training: requires no special training or credentials. Not Copyrighted. Helen White, PhD Erich Labouvie, PhD Center for Alcohol Studies Rutgers University PO Box 969 Piscataway, NJ (732) hewhite@rci.rutgers.edu Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory Adolescent Version (SASSI-A) This contains 100 items designed to identify those with a high probability of having substance abuse or dependency. It includes subtle items to identify those who may be unwilling or unable to admit substance abuse. It has been used in criminal justice, Employee assistance, educational, mental health, medical and vocational settings. Administration time: 15 minutes Scoring time: 10 minutes Training: requires no special training. Free clinical consultation and technical support is available. Substance abuse and dependency, defensiveness in responses, insight regarding substance use, emotional pain and risk of involvement with legal system. Self- Administered Paper & Computer Copyrighted The SASSI Institute (800) $120 starter kit (manual, user s guide, scoring key and 25 paper tests) $215 Computer starter kit (25 administrations and interpretations, user s guide, computer user s guide for CD and manual). Teen Addiction Severity Index (T-ASI) Contains 154 items that produce 70 ratings in seven domains. It is used in clinical settings with those with substance abuse, psychiatric and co-occurring disorders to gather baseline information. Administration time: minutes Scoring time: 10 minutes Training: Can be given by a trained technician or mental health professional. Chemical (substance) use, school status, employment/support, family function, including physical and sexual abuse, legal status, psychiatric status & peer/social relationships. Semi-structured interview Not copyrighted. Western Psychiatric Institute 2811 O Hara Street Pittsburgh, PA

6 SECTION 2: COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT A comprehensive assessment confirms the presence of a substance abuse problem and identified other problems that are related to the substance abuse disorder. It will provide information to substantiate a diagnosis of substance abuse and identify treatment needs. This section will include comprehensive assessments that contain biopsychosocial information and well as specific diagnostic criteria, cross walked to DSM IV, ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes when available. Instrument/Description DSM-IV Diagnostic Impression ICD-9 ICD-10 Comments/Source Adolescent Diagnostic Interview (ADI) This is a structured interview based on DSM-IV criteria for substance use disorders. In addition to substance abuse, it evaluates psychosocial stressors, school and interpersonal functioning and cognitive impairment. It can be used to identify the need for treatment and treatment planning. The ADI contains 213 questions and can be administered in 50 minutes and scored in 20 minutes by a counselor or trained paraprofessional. AXIS I Alcohol Dependence Alcohol Abuse Amphetamine Dependence Amphetamine Abuse Cannabis Dependence Cannabis Abuse Cocaine Dependence Cocaine Abuse Hallucinogen Dependence Hallucinogen Abuse Inhalant Dependence Inhalant Abuse Opioid Dependence Opioid Abuse Phencyclidine Dependence Phencyclidine Abuse Sedative/Hypnotic Anxiolotic Dependence Sedative/Hypnotic/Anxiolotic Abuse F10.2x F10.1 F15.2x F15.1 F12.2x F12.1 F14.2x F14.1 F16.2x F16.1 F18.2x F18.1 F11.2x F11.1 F19.2x F19.1 F13.2x F13.1 Other mental disorders (recent symptoms for ADHD, conduct disorder, depression, anxiety, psychosis), memory and orientation (brief neuropsychological screen) and psychosocial stressors (selfimage, interpersonal, physical and mental health, home/school problems and traumatic events). It is copyrighted and can be obtained from: Western Psychological Services Wilshire Blvd. Los Angeles, CA $45 manual $30-32 for 5 booklets 5

7 Instrument/Description DSM-IV Diagnostic Impression ICD-9 ICD-10 Comments/Source Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA-R) This is a 416 item semistructured interview that identifies more than 20 diagnostic codes based on DSM-IV criteria. It is available in paper or computerized versions. Administration time: 1-2 hrs. Training: Extensive training manual available. Training courses recommended for clinicians and lay interviewers. AXIS I Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Oppositional Defiant Disorder Conduct Disorder Alcohol Tobacco Inhalant Use Marijuana Street Drugs Major Depressive Disorder Dysthymic Disorder Separation Anxiety Disorder Panic Disorder General Anxiety Disorder Phobias (social and specific) Obsessions Compulsions Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Eating Disorders Elimination Disorders Gender Identity Psychotic Symptoms Somatization Mania or Hypomania AXIS IV Psychosocial Stressors Specific diagnostic codes not available. Has been translated into several languages, including Spanish. Multi-Health Systems 908 Niagra Falls Blvd. North Tonowanda, NY

8 Instrument/Description DSM-IV Diagnostic Impression ICD-9 ICD-10 Comments/Source Global Appraisal of Individual Needs Initial (GAIN-I) The GAIN biopsychosocial is designed to provide diagnostic patient placement, treatment planning and program evaluation information. It consists of 1606 items and takes minutes to administer by a trained clinical interviewer. Formats include self administered paper and pencil or computer assisted structured interview and computer assisted interview. AXIS I Alcohol Dependence Alcohol Abuse Amphetamine Dependence Amphetamine Abuse Cannabis Dependence Cannabis Abuse Cocaine Dependence Cocaine Abuse Hallucinogen Dependence Hallucinogen Abuse Inhalant Dependence Inhalant Abuse Opioid Dependence Opioid Abuse Phencyclidine Dependence Phencyclidine Abuse Sedative/Hypnotic Anxiolotic Dependence Sedative/Hypnotic/Anxiolotic Abuse Other (or unknown) Substance Withdrawal Polysubstance Dependence Other (or unknown) Substance Dependence Other (or unknown) Substance Abuse Rule out Other (or unknown) Substance Abuse Nicotine Dependence, with or without physical symptoms Rule out Nicotine Dependence Mood Disorder NOS Rule out Mood Disorder NOS Generalized Anxiety Disorder Rule out Anxiety Disorder NOS Rule out Posttraumatic Stress Disorder F10.2x F10.1 F15.2x F15.1 F12.2x F12.1 F14.2x F14.1 F16.2x F16.1 F18.2x F18.1 F11.2x F11.1 F19.2x F19.1 F13.2x F13.1 F19.3 F19.2x F19.2x F19.1 F19.1 F17.2x F17.2x F39 F39 F41.1 F41.9 F43.1 All dependency codes specifiers: with physiological dependence, without physiological dependence; in a controlled environment; on agonist therapy: sustained full remission, sustained partial remission, early full remission, early partial remission. The GAIN is copyrighted and there is a $100 license fee for 5 years $1000software $2700 training of trainers (includes software) Chestnut Health Systems 729 Chestnut Street Bloomington, IL mdennis@chestnut.org http// 7

9 Instrument/Description DSM-IV Diagnostic Impression ICD-9 ICD-10 Comments/Source GAIN-I GAIN-I GAIN-I GAIN-I Rule out Acute Stress Disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, Inattentive Type Attention Hyperactive Disorder, Combined Type Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, Hyperactive type Conduct Disorder, Severe Conduct Disorder Rule out Somatization Disorder Pathological Gambling AXIS II Rule out Antisocial Personality Disorder Rule out Borderline Personality Disorder Rule out Personality Disorder, NOS AXIS III Rule out major medical problems AXIS IV Includes questions that target the major psychological stressors identified in DSM IV AXIS V Global Assessment of Functioning, past year & past 90 days Global Assessment of Relational Functioning, past year & past 90 days Social and Occupational Functioning Scale, past year & past 90 days F43.0 F98.8 F90.0 F90.0 F91.8 F91.8 F45.0 F63.0 F60.2 F60.31 F60.9 The GAIN only screens for personality disorders. Includes a past 90 day and past year general health screens and lifetime medical problems; screens for disabilities, pregnancy, infectious diseases, needle use and sexual behavior, relationship between substance use and health problems. 8

10 Instrument/Description DSM-IV Diagnostic Impression ICD-9 ICD-10 Comments/Source Structured Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I & II) This is a semi-structured Interview that is used to Assess Axis I and II disorders based on DSM-IV criterion. Administration time is 2 hrs for SCID I and II (substance abuse Module can be done in minutes) Training: It is recommended that it be administered by a trained clinical evaluator or mental health professional. AXIS I Major Depressive Episode Manic Episode Hypomanic Episode Dysthymic Disorder (current) Mood Disorder due to General Medical Condition. Substance Induced Mood Disorder 295.xx Schizophrenia.30 Paranoid Type.20 Catatonic Type.10 Disorganized Type.90 Undifferentiated Type.60 Residual Type Schizophreniform Disorder Schizoaffective Disorder Delusional Disorder Brief Psychotic Disorder 293.8x Psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition.81 With Delusions.82 With Hallucinations. Substance Induced Psychotic Disorder Psychotic Disorder NOS xx x F34.1 F06.xx. F20.xx.0x.2x.1x.3x.5x F20.8 F25.x F22.0 F23.xx F06.x.2.0. F29 The SCID is copyrighted. It can be accessed through: American Psychiatric Press SCID I $116 (booklet, user guide, 5 tests) SCID II $84 (user guide, interview questions, 5 tests) SCID 296.xx Bipolar I Disorder Bipolar II Disorder Cyclothymic Disorder Bipolar Disorder NOS 296.xx Major Depressive Disorder 311 Depressive Disorder NOS Alcohol Dependence Alcohol Abuse 296.xx xx F30.x, F31.x F31.8 F34.0 F31.9 F32.x F33.x F32.9 F10.2x F10.1 9

11 Instrument/Description DSM-IV Diagnostic Impression ICD-9 ICD-10 Comments/Source Amphetamine Dependence Amphetamine Abuse Cannabis Dependence Cannabis Abuse Cocaine Dependence Cocaine Abuse Hallucinogen Dependence Hallucinogen Abuse Opioid Dependence Opioid Abuse Phencyclidine Dependence Phencyclidine Abuse Sedative/Hypnotic/Anxiolytic Dependence Sedative/Hypnotic/Anxiolytic Abuse Polysubstance Dependence Other (or unknown) Substance Dependence Other (or unknown) Substance Abuse Panic Disorder with Agrophobia Panic Disorder without Agrophobia Agrophobia without history of Panic Disorder Social Phobia Specific Phobia Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Generalized Anxiety Disorder (current) Anxiety Disorder due to a General Medical Condition. Substance induced Anxiety Disorder Anxiety Disorder NOS F15.2x F15.1 F12.x F12.1 F14.2x F14.1 F16.2x F16.1 F11.2x F11.1 F19.2x F19.1 F13.2x F13.1 F19.2x F19.2x F19.1 F40.01 F41.0 F40.00 F40.1 F40.2 F42.8 F43.1 F41.1 F06.4 _. F

12 Instrument/Description DSM-IV Diagnostic Impression ICD-9 ICD-10 Comments/Source SCID SCID Composite International Diagnostic Interview Substance Abuse Module (CIDI-SAM) Somatization Disorder (current) Undifferentiated Somatoform Disorder (current) 307.xx Pain Disorder (current) Hypochondriasis (current) Body Dysmorphic Disorder (current) Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Disorder (Appendix) 309.xx Adjustment Disorder (current) Acute Stress Disorder Minor Depressive Disorder (Appendix) Mixed Anxiety Depressive Disorder (Appendix) Symptomatic Details of Past Major depressive/manic episodes AXIS II Avoidant Personality Disorder Dependent Personality Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Passive Aggressive Personality Disorder (Appendix) Depressive Personality Disorder (Appendix) Paranoid Personality Disorder Schizoid Personality Disorder Schizotypical Personality Disorder Histrionic Personality Disorder Narcissistic Personality Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder Antisocial Personality Disorder AXIS I Alcohol Tobacco Caffeine xx xx F45.0 F45.1 F45.4 F45.2 F45.2 F50.0 F50.2 F43.xx F43.0 F60.6 F60.7 F60.5 F60.0 F60.1 F21 F60.4 F60.8 F60.31 F60.2 Appendix refers to DSM IV-TR Appendix B The CIDI-SAM is copyrighted. Source: Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry epi.wustl.edu 11

13 Instrument/Description DSM-IV Diagnostic Impression ICD-9 ICD-10 Comments/Source This is an expanded version of the substance abuse section of the CIDI. It contains 38 items that contain the diagnostic criteria for DSM- IV substance use disorders. It identifies quantity and frequency of use and the social, psychological and physical consequences of each drug used. It is conducted in an interview and is available in paper and pencil and computer formats. It is appropriate for use with youth 15 years of age and older. Training: the instrument should be administered by a trained clinician or interviewer. Administration time: min. Scoring: Computerized Amphetamines and other stimulants Cannabinoids Cocaine PCP and other hallucinogens Inhalants Heroin and other opiates Barbiturates and other sedatives and tranquilizers Club drugs $35 for paper and pencil version $500 for computer version Specific diagnostic codes were not available. 12

14 SECTION 3: OTHER COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENTS This section contains comprehensive assessment instruments that collect drug and alcohol history and other psychosocial information but that are not specifically based on diagnostic criteria. Instrument Description Problem Area(s) Format(s) Comments/Source Adolescent Drug Abuse Structured interview Diagnosis (ADAD) Computer version Contains 150 items that produce a 10 point problem severity rating in nine domains. Of these, 83 items are used in follow-up to measure treatment outcome. It has been in academic substance abuse, mental health, social service & juvenile justice settings. Administration time: minutes Scoring time: 10 min. by hand or computerized. Training: 1 day training or training videotape. Technical assistance for video training available by phone at no cost. Medical, legal, drug and alcohol use, family relationships, psychological, school, employment and social relationships. Not copyrighted. Alfred S. Friedman, PhD. Arlene Terras, M.Ed. Belmont Center for Comprehensive Treatment 4081 Ford Road Philadelphia, PA (215) $15 Manual $25 Training Video $40 Computerized version Customary Drinking and Drug Use Record (CDDR) This contains 213 items that measure alcohol and other drug use and related consequences. It is used in clinical settings as an aid in identifying substance involvement and substance use diagnosis based on DSM-IV criteria. Administration time: min. Scoring time: 10 min. using scoring key Training: This should be given by a trained interviewer. Extensive drug and alcohol use Withdrawal symptoms Interview The CDDR is not copyrighted. Source: David Murchan, MSW University of California San Diego, CA (858) Personal Experience Inventory (PEI) This contains 276 items that identify the degree and duration of chemical use, potential risk factors and select psychosocial problems. It has been used Drug and alcohol use severity, personal risk or adjustment, family & peer environmental risk Self-Administered Paper & Computer Copyrighted. Western Psychological Services Wilshire Blvd. 13

15 Instrument Description Problem Area(s) Format(s) Comments/Source in substance treatment, student assistance and juvenile rehabilitation centers and private practice. Administration time: minutes Scoring time: Computerized or mail-in Training: Minimal training required and can be given by a trained clerk. factors, eating disorders, sexual abuse, physical abuse, suicide risk, psychiatric referral. Contains response validity scales. Los Angeles, CA (301) $47 per manual $9-21 per test, based on number ordered $285 computer version (25 uses) 14

16 SECTION 4: OTHER INSTRUMENTS USED BY SERVICE PROVIDERS IN FLORIDA This section provides a listing of additional screening and assessment instruments that are being used currently by providers of adolescent substance abuse treatment providers in Florida. This information was collected as part of a service provider directory survey. These instruments are not based specific diagnostic criteria related to DSM-IV, ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes as the other instruments in this document; therefore, they are not included in the tables above. Instrument Description Problem Area(s) Format(s) Comments/Source Beck Depression Inventory Self-Administered (BDI) Paper & Pencil CAGE Questionnaire Comprehensive Adolescent Severity Inventory (CASI) This is a 21 item multiple choice test that measures the existence and severity of depression. It has also been used to monitor changes in depression over time. There are two versions: the BDI-IA which focuses on the past week and the BDI-II which reflects DSM-IV criteria and surveys past two weeks. Administration time: 10 minutes Scoring time: not available Training: Mental Health professionals who have been trained in its use and interpretation. This is a four item instrument designed to detect alcoholism. It has often been used in medical settings by physicians and nurses. Administration time: 1 minute Scoring time: Instantaneous Training: No special training required and can be given by a professional or technician. This consists of ten independent modules that are designed to assess the severity of substance use and related problem areas. It can be used in clinical and research Symptoms or attitudes associated with depression. Lifetime alcoholism clinicians can direct questions to more current time frame. Alcohol and drug use, family history and relationships, significant life changes, health, Interview Computer Version Self- Administered Paper & Pencil Interview Computer version Objective interview combined with breathalyzer and urine drug screen and This assesses depression and does not contain substance abuse specific information. Copyrighted. PsychCorp Assessment Center 555 Academic Court San Antonio, TX May not be gender sensitive (women) or identify binge drinkers. Public domain can be located in NIAAA Assessing Alcohol Problems: A Guide for Clinicians and Researchers / 2 nd edition, p Copyrighted. Paper and Pencil version free of charge. Inquiries: Alicia Webb 15

17 Instrument Description Problem Area(s) Format(s) Comments/Source settings. Administration time: minutes Scoring time: 15 minutes Training: To be administered by a trained professional (2 day training available) sexual behavior, legal status, mental health, peer relationships, education and leisure activities. assessor observations. Computer version. Center for Studies of Addiction VA Medical Center University of Woodland Building 7 Philadelphia, PA awebb@mail.upenn.edu Child Behavioral Checklist Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST) This is a 140 item checklist that assesses competencies and behavioral and emotional problems in children ages It has been used in clinical and research settings. Administration time: 25 minutes Scoring: manual or computerized Training: Master s Degree and knowledge of standardized assessment and client population. This contains 25 items that provide a general measure of problem severity. It has been used in a variety of clinical and research settings. Administration time: 10 minutes Scoring time: 5 minutes Training: No special credentials or training required. Aggressive behavior, anxious/depressed, attention problems, delinquent rule breaking behavior, social problems, somatic complaints, thought problems, withdrawn, externalizing, internalizing, total problems, plus six DSMoriented scales. Lifetime alcoholism. Alcohol related problems and consequences. Parent or other person who knows the child provides information. Self-Administered Paper & Pencil Interview Self- Administered Paper & Pencil Interview Computerized: Systems Measures, Inc. P.O. Box 506 Spring Mountain, PA Meyershagan@erols.com This instrument does not contain substance abuse specific information. Permission to use required. Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment. 1 South Prospect Street Room 6436 Burlington, VT Public domain. Copy of instrument and scoring available in: Selzer, ML. The Michigan Alcohol Screening Test: The quest for a new diagnostic instrument. American Journal of psychiatry 1971:127:

18 Instrument Description Problem Area(s) Format(s) Comments/Source Positive Action Change Tool Semi-structured Full Assessment (PACT) interview. Positive Action Pre-Screen Tool (PACT Pre-Screen) This is a 126 item multiple choice instrument designed to measure a juvenile s risk of re-offending. It has been used with moderate high and high risk youth in intake, diversion, probation, detention group home and aftercare settings. Administration time: 45 minutes. Scoring time: computerized Training: Can be administered by nonclinical staff who have received the two day training in risk assessment theory, case planning and motivational interviewing. This is a 46 item multiple choice instrument measuring risk of reoffending. It is given to all youth in Florida with delinquency charges that come into juvenile assessment or detention centers or police booking. Administration time: 25 minutes Scoring time: computerized Training: Can be used b y non-clinical staff who has received a two day training on risk assessment, case planning and motivational interviewing. Risk and protective factors in 12 domains: Criminal history, school, Use of free time, employment, relationships, family, living arrangements. alcohol and drugs, mental health, attitudes/ behaviors, aggression and skills. Risk and protective factors in 4 domains: criminal history, social history, mental health and attitudes/behaviors. Interview 17

19 REFERENCES American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4 th edition, text revision. Washington, DC: Author. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (2005). Screening and assessing adolescents for substance use disorders. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series, Number 31. DHHS Publication No. (SMA) Washington. DC: US Government Printing Office. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (2005). Substance abuse treatment for persons with co-occurring disorders. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 42. DHHS Publication No. (SMA) Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Chestnut Health Systems Research and Training Lighthouse Institute. Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN). Retrieved on August 12, 2006 from Dennis, M. L., Chan, Y.-F., & Funk, R. (in press). Development and validation of the GAIN Short Screener (GSS) for psychopathology and crime/violence among adolescents and adults. American Journal on Addictions. Farrow, J.A.; Smith, W.R. & Hurst, M.H. (2002, October). Adolescent drug and alcohol assessments in current use: A critical comparison. Reprinted by the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, University of Washington, hhtp://adai.washington.edu. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2003). Assessing alcohol problems: A guide for clinicians and researchers, 2 nd edition, Allen, J.P and Wilson, V.B (Eds). Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. University of Washington Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute (n.d.). Substance use screening and assessment Instrument data base. 18

20 Winters, K.C. (2003, revised). Assessment of alcohol and other drug use behavior among adolescents. Assessing alcohol problems: A guide for clinicians and researchers, 2 nd edition. NIH Publication No Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Winters, K.C. (2000). Instruments for assessing adolescent drug use and related problems. Minneapolis, MN: Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota. 19

21 This publication was produced by the Florida Certification Board/Southern Coast Addiction Technology Transfer Center under contract LD702, Florida Department of Children and Families, in concurrence with SAMHSA Grant # TI 17378, Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Improvement State Incentive Grant. 20