FORENSIC DRUG TESTING. Forensic DNA & Drug Testing Services, Inc.

Transcription

1 Dallas 2012 Advanced Family Law Law FORENSIC DRUG TESTING March 10, 2018 CHRIS TURNAGE Managing Director Forensic DNA & Drug Testing Services, Inc. 518 S. Riverfront Blvd. 511 E. Weatherford Street Dallas, Texas Fort Worth, TX Off: Off: Fax: Fax:

2 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING URINE TEST 1. Positive THC ng/mg (3 weeks later) 2. Positive THC ng/mg Was marijuana used between tests? 2

3 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING URINE TEST 1. THC ng Creatinine* 13.7 mg/dl (3 weeks later) 2. THC ng Creatinine* 189 mg/dl * Lab Report 3

4 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING URINE TEST Lab Report Normalized THC ng (885.4 ng) Creatinine 13.7 mg/dl (100 mg/dl) (3 weeks later) THC ng (83.2 ng) Creatinine 189 mg/dl (100 mg/dl) 4

5 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Diluted Urine Specimen Creatinine < 20 mg/dl Reduces drug level 10 to 24 times Most common means of beating a urine drug test Do NOT ignore diluted specimens with low creatinine levels It is an intentional attempt to beat the test if it occurs more than once 5

6 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING NORMAL CREATININE LEVELS Females Male mg/dl mg/dl 6

7 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING When you order or ask for a standard drug test you will get a test for: Illegal drugs A few Rx drugs Rx drugs should be requested to add to panel 7

8 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING 5 Panel- Amphetamines, Marijuana, Cocaine, Opiates(w/extended Rx opiates), PCP 7 Panel- Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates 9 Panel- Methadone, Propoxyphene 12 Panel- Meperidine, Tramadol, Oxycodone 14 Panel- Fentanyl, Sufentanil 15 Panel- Ketamine 16 Panel- Suboxone 17 Panel- Ambien 8

9 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR What are the methodologies used by the lab Initial Immunoassay False positives from Rx and OTC Confirmation GC/MS, LC/MS, LC/MS/MS No false positives 9

10 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING False positives with the quick test devices Window most drugs < 24 hours, max 48 hours 10

11 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING URINE TEST Window of Detection Most drugs approximately 3 days Marijuana, up to 30 to 40 days 11

12 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Does it matter if you wait a day or more after requesting a urine test? YES!!!!!! 3 hours or less Court orders still contain 8, 12, 24 hours to test Witnessed eliminates adulterants Random 12

13 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR Body Hair Testing Window of detection 7-12 mo. excluding current 2 weeks Electric razor New or cleaned in presence of donor Always new electric razor - pubic hair Scissors, hair clips.. Cleaned in presence of donor 13

14 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR Head Hair Testing It is NOT a hair FOLLICLE test!!!!!! Window of detection 3 months excluding current 2 weeks Exception curly hair Collected from 3 to 4 small areas in the back crown area 14

15 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR 15

16 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR 150 to 200 strands of hair needed to run a test Body...5 million strands Head..100,000 strands, Dark colored hair 140,000 strands, Light colored hair 16

17 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR Does it matter if you wait a day or more after requesting a hair test? YES!!!! Shampoos, bleaching, stripping, etc. reduces level Document color of hair in court Include in order not to cut, color, bleach or alter hair 17

18 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR Nail Testing Scraping surface of nail.. HIPAA, shorter window, insufficient quantity Cut distal end.. Preferred and longest window Nail clippers New and discard Window of Detection Fingers..3 to 5 months Toes.. 8 to 12 months 18

19 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR 19

20 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR Does it matter if you wait a day or more after requesting a nail test? NO!!!! 20

21 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR 21

22 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR EtG & EtS Alcohol Urine Detection up to 80 hours for chronic consumption Detection window varies based on numerous variables It will not detect a few drinks for 80 hours (myth) Non-drinkers do not have EtG or EtS in their system 22

23 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR EtG & EtS Alcohol Hair and Nail NEW DEFINITION based on Body Mass Index (BMI) HAIR: < 30 pg, consistent, casual consumption >30 pg, consistent, chronic/binge consumption NAIL: < 54 pg, consistent, casual consumption >54 pg, consistent, chronic/binge consumption 23

24 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR EtG & EtS Alcohol Hair and Nail Approximate 3 month detection window Chemicals applied to hair rapidly destroys EtG Swimming (chlorine) -10 minutes reduced 10% Nails recommended over hair 24

25 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR PEth BLOOD ALCOHOL Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a direct alcohol biomarker. Donor cannot manipulate test results. 25

26 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR PEth BLOOD ALCOHOL Window of detection is up to 3 weeks based on volume consumed. A positive is from a prolonged, regular consumption of alcohol or incident of binge/heavy drinking. 26

27 2012 DRUG COLLIN & ALCOHOL COUNTY BENCH TESTING BAR SOBERLINK Mobile Alcohol Kit 1. Automatic text reminder to take test. 2. If positive, continue testing every 30 minutes until < 0.02 (and even below cutoff) 3. The User s BAC, digital photograph, time and GPS location are sent wirelessly to the Portal and others (ex-spouse, attorneys, etc.) for review via and/or text within 2 minutes. 27

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38 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING LAB REPORTS Cancelled test on hair and nails Lab ran out of sample before confirmation test(s) was completed. 38

39 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING LAB REPORTS Retesting Samples Can be done at same laboratory or sent to a different one. Results will say---- DETECTED or NOT DETECTED 39

40 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Designer Drugs Synthetic Marijuana K2, Spice, many versions Illegal in US >100 x stronger than Marijuana Products labeled Synthetic Free Does not contain JWH-018, etc. Not for human consumption For aromatherapy only Users are still positive for synthetic marijuana 40

41 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Designer Drugs Synthetic Marijuana March/April 2018 First know Death Chicago area Central Illinois At least 38 people hospitalized due to severe bleeding Symptoms included Blood in the urine Severe bloody noses Bleeding gums Bleeding from the eyes and ears 41

42 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING New Designer Drug COCO LOKO Snortable chocolate powder Contains cacao powder, gingko biloda, taurine & guarana Effects last up to 1 hour Effects vary per person 42

43 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Designer Drugs Bromo-DragonFLY Not much known about it Very Powerful Hallucinogen Effects can last for days Linked to a large number of Fatalities and Hospitalization 43

44 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Benzo Fury Similar Effects similar to Ecstasy. Both show the same effects in the brain More Dangerous because it constricts the blood vessels, leading to high blood pressure 44

45 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Designer Drugs MXE METHOXETAMINE Similar to Ketamine but last much longer Causes Dissociative Effects -Confusion -Dizziness -Loss of Reality 45

46 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Zohydro Painkiller that contains five times more hydrocodone than what's in the strongest painkiller available Is FDA approved Even though FDA s own panel refused its approval

47 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Designer Drugs W-18 Sold sometimes as fentanyl 100 times more potent than fentanyl Fentanyl is 100 times more potent than morphine Started in Canada in 2016, now in US 47

48 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING U Recently found in Houston Called U-47 on street Similar to Heroin or Morphine Looks like powder Cocaine Legal to buy in US Deaths recorded in Europe September confirmed fatalities in the U.S. 48

49 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Grey Death Combinations of heroin, fentanyl, carfentanil & U Carfentanil is 100 x more potent than fentanyl & 10,000 x more potent than morphine Carfentanil can be absorbed by touch & inhaling Carfentanil is used for large animals Deaths 49

50 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Opioid Overdose Crisis Overdose rates started increasing in ,000/115 day Roughly 21-29% of patients prescribed opioids misuse them Between 8-12% develop an opioid use disorder Estimated 4-6% who misuse opioids transition to Heroin Overdose increased 30% -July 2016 to September 2017 in 54 areas in 45 states Midwestern region saw a 70% increase Opioids now account for the most drug overdose deaths in the U.S 50

51 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Stimulant Epidemic Stimulants like METH, Cocaine and Prescription drugs like Adderall and Ritalin Cheap Potent Plentiful Supplies Every Kilogram of Heroin seized over the last 5 years, 15 Kilograms of Stimulants where seized. Survey done in million started using opioids/3.8 million previous month 2.6 million started using stimulants/4.3 million previous months 51

52 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Stimulant Epidemic Deaths increased 30% in ,663 in ,992 in 2016 Stimulant abuse Can be harder On the body 52

53 Signs & Symptoms COCAINE: Increased Agitation Effusive Enthusiasm Increased Movement(i.e. hyperactivity) Increased cold like symptoms/nosebleeds Signs of Involuntary Movements(muscle tics) Changes in concentration and focus 53

54 Signs & Symptoms METHAMPHETAMINE: Increased Energy, Blood Pressure, Heart Rate & Body Temp(sometimes to dangerous levels) Heavy Sweating Loss of Appetite Insomnia Paranoia Tremors and Jaw Clenching Obsessive Focus w/ Repetitive Actions 54

55 Signs & Symptoms HEROIN: Immediate Symptoms: Nausea, Vomiting, Itching & Dry Mouth Long Term Use: Needle Marks and bruising on the injection sites Skin problems like abscesses & infections Collapsed Veins Heart Problems 55

56 Signs & Symptoms Ecstasy(Molly, E, X, XTC) Diminish inhibitions. Improve mood to a state of euphoria. Strengthen feelings of connectedness. Increase pleasure from physical touch. Heighten sexuality and sexual arousal. Increase alertness. Enhance energy. Makes the user lose track of time. 56

57 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING Can you beat a urine test other than diluting the urine sample? 57

58 MYTHS OF DRUG TESTING THE WHIZZINATOR.. introduced 1999 Undetectable, Foolproof, Re-Usable 58

59 MYTHS OF DRUG TESTING 59

60 MYTHS OF DRUG TESTING Pick Your Flesh Tone White Tan Latino Brown Black 60

61 MYTHS OF DRUG TESTING The Number One for Ladies 61

62 DRUG & ALCOHOL TESTING 4 types of labs you should know about! 62

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64 It is NOT a hair FOLLICLE test!!!!! 64

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