BIOPHARMACEUTICS and CLINICAL PHARMACY
|
|
- Timothy Benson
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 11 years papers covered BIOPHARMACEUTICS and CLINICAL PHARMACY IV B.Pharm II Semester, Andhra University Topics: Absorption Distribution Protein binding Metabolism Excretion Bioavailability Drug Interactions Pharmacokinetics Clinical Pharmacy 1
2 BIOPHARMACEUTICS and CLINICAL PHARMACY IV B.Pharm II Semester, Andhra University 11 years papers covered Topic: Absorption 1. Explain the influence of route of administration on drug absorption in the blood. What are the physicochemical and physiological factors that affect absorption of drug from a subcutaneous injection dosage form? (8) 2. Between tablets and hard gelatin capsules, which dosage form produces more prompt onset of drug action? Is it always true? Cite examples (8) 3. Discuss with the help of Noyes-whitney equation the factors which alter the distribution of drugs. (8) 4. What is the effect of gastro intestinal ph on the solubility and dissolution rate of a weak acid and a weak base? (8) 5. How is a drug absorbed through the rectal route? What is first pass effect? Explain. How does it influence bioavailability of a drug? (8) 6. Explain Noye s whitney equation and drug absorption (4) 7. Explain in detail various factors affecting drug absorption through GIT (any two in each) (16) 8. Discuss the salient features of passive diffusion (8) 9. Write a note on ph partition theory. Mention its importance (8) 10. What are the formulation factors that effect the absorption of drugs from tablets (8) 11. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of rectal route. Write a note on the factors affecting rectal route (8) 12. Explain the following in detail: Percutaneous adsorption (8), ph partition theory (8) 13. Discuss: First pass effect (4), Buccal and sub-lingual route of drug administration (4) 14. Explain the characteristics and kinetics of active and passive transport of drugs? (16) 15. Distinguish between solubility and dissolution rate. Explain the factors that influence the dissolution of drug from tablets (16) 16. What is the role of ph-partition theory in the absorption of drugs from GIT? Discuss in detail the effects of drug pk a and GI ph on the absorption of the drug from GIT? (8) 17. How does lipid solubility of a drug influence its absorption from the G.I? Explain with examples? (8) 18. Discuss the biopharmaceutical factors which influence absorption of drug from a tablet dosage form influence absorption of drug from a tablet dosage form (8) 19. Biological factors affecting drug absorption (8) 20. Explain all the factors that affect oral absorption (16) 21. Discuss the different factors involved in percutaneous and rectal absorption (16) 22. What is sink condition in dissolution testing? What is its importance (7) 23. What is the influence of particle size on absorption of drugs (8) 24. Discuss the salient features of active transport (8) 25. Enumerate the formulation factors affecting drug absorption from capsules (8) 26. Discuss the factors affecting percutaneous absorption (8) 27. Adsorption and complexation in drug absorption (6) 28. First pass effect (5) 2
3 Topic: Distribution 1. Explain permeability rate limited and perfusion rate limited drug distribution (8) 2. Apparent volume of distribution (5) 3. Volume of distribution at steady state (5) 4. Volume of Distribution (5) Topic: Protein binding 1. Explain protein binding of drugs with suitable examples (8) 2. How do you determine binding constants and binding sites by graphical methods (8) 3. Write a note on plasma protein binding (5) 4. Explain the significance of protein binding (8) 5. Explain with examples how protein binding takes place. Write about the factors affecting protein binding (16) Topic: Metabolism/ Bio-Transformation 1. Mixed function oxidases in drug metabolism (4) 2. Define the term biotransformation. List out Phase I and Phase II reactions. Explain any four (8) 3. Discuss the significance of enzyme induction and inhibition (8) 4. Discuss: First pass metabolism (5), Saturable metabolism (5), Extra hepatic metabolism (5) 5. Microsomal drug metabolism (5) 6. Enzyme induction and inhibition (8) 7. Explain how biotransformation takes place and discuss the factors affecting biotransformation (16) 8. Phase I metabolism (8) Topic: Excretion 1. Define renal clearance. Explain the principle process involved n the urinary excretion of drug (8) 2. Write a note on the significance and determination of creatinine clearance rate (8) 3. Explain the pharmacokinetic property - renal clearance (5) 4. Enterohepatic cycling (8), (5) 5. Discuss renal clearance (4) 6. How general clearance and renal clearance are defined mathematically. Briefly explain the factors on which renal clearance of a drug is dependent? (8) 7. Intrinsic clearance (5) 8. Biliary transport (5) 9. Draw a diagram showing the enterohepatic cycling of drug (4) 10. Explain Enterohepatic cycling (6) 11. Discuss Enterohepatic cycling (5) Topic: Bioavailability 1. What is the effect of absorption rate on drug bioavailability? How does patient to patient variability affect bioavailability? (8) 2. What are the differences between active transport and passive transport process? (8) 3. Bioequivalence studies and their significance (4) 3
4 4. Explain what is bioavailability? Discuss different methods of determining bioavailability comparing their merits and demerits? (16) 5. Define and explain the terms bioavailability and bioequivalence. How will you determine the bioavailability of a drug given orally (16) 6. Explain the terms, Bioequivalence, Therapeutic equivalence, Generic equivalence. Discuss the reported generic inequivalences of digoxin (8) 7. What do you understand by the term bioavailability? How is it determined using blood/plasma drug concentration or urinary excretion of drug data? (8) 8. Describe the official apparatus and method used for the determination of dissolution (8) 9. Discuss the statistical designs used in the conduct of bioavailability studies (8) 10. Explain what is bio-equivalence? How do you establish bio-equivalence of a new drug formulation? (16) 11. Mean Residence Time (5) 12. Describe in detail how you plan the conduct of a bioavailability study (9) Topic: Drug Interactions 1. Giving examples discuss the drug-drug interactions at absorption (8) 2. Write a note on drug-food interactions (8) 3. Write briefly on food-drug interactions (8) 4. Food drug administration (5) 5. Drug-food interactions (4) 6. Define drug interactions with examples. Explain in detail the pharmacokinetic interactions (16) 7. Drug interactions at distribution sites (8) 8. Explain with examples pharmacokinetic interactions (16) 9. Explain with examples pharmacodynamic drug interactions (8) 10. Write some food drug interactions (8) 11. Discuss the drug interactions occurring involving metabolism. Give examples (8) 12. Write a note on pharmacodynamic interactions (8) 13. Drug interactions at metabolism pathway (4) Topic: Pharmacokinetics 1. Describe the kinetics of one compartment and two compartment models. How these are mathematically expressed? How do you determine the overall elimination rate constants for one compartment and two compartments models? (8) 2. What is the significance of blood stream level curves of a drug? What do you understand by the terms C max, t max, MEC and Therapeutic index? (8) 3. Define apparent volume of distribution of a drug. How is it obtained for a drug conferring the kinetics of one compartment and two compartment on the body? (8) 4. What is compartment and model? The following plasma data is obtained after an i.v bolus dose of 184 mg of drug. Estimate all possible pharmacokinetic parameters (8) Time (hrs) Conc. mg/ml How do you calculate the half life of a drug in a patient by i.v infusion method? What are the advantages of administering drug by constant rate of i.v infusion? (8) 4
5 6. Explain how you can determine the absorption rate constant by method of residuals (8) 7. Discuss the methods of determination of Area under the curve (8) 8. Define and explain the significance of biological half-life. How will you determine it? (8) 9. Define and explain the significance of Volume of distribution. How will you determine it? (8) 10. Plasma concentrations following oral administration of 500mg of an antibiotic to a subject are given below: Calculate all possible pharmacokinetics parameters (8) Time (Hrs) Plasma conc. (mg/l) Time (Hrs) Plasma conc. (mg/l) What are the advantages of the Wagner-Nelson method over method of residuals? (8) 12. Discuss Non-linear pharmacokinetics (5) and AUC (5) 13. How do you determine absorption rate of a drug by the method of feathering or stripping and by Wagner nelson method. Discuss their limitation (16) 14. Explain the significance of half life of a drug (8) 15. A drug has a half life of 6 hours. If it has a volume of distribution of 72 liters in an 85 kg individual. What is its clearance? If its clearance is decreased by 50% due to renal failure what will be its new half life? (Assume V d remains constant) (8) 16. What is zero-order kinetics? What order of kinetics is associated with active transport? Explain first order kinetics in active transport process (8) 17. What are the mathematical characteristics of a drug conferring two compartment kinetics of the body? How many exponential phases exist? (8) 18. Discuss the differences between the half lives of a zero- order and a 1 st order process. Define biological half life. How is it determined? (8) 19. How do you obtain different pharmacokinetic parameters following oral administration of a drug that confers one compartment open model characteristics? (16) 20. A patient weighing 70 kgs received a drug i.v bolus at a dose of 500 mg. The initial concentration was 37.5 mg/l. What is the V d of the drug? If the half life of the drug is 3 hrs, what is clearance? (8) 21. Differentiate between one compartment and two compartment models (8) 22. Define and explain C max, MSC, MEC, Therapeutic range and volume of distribution (8) 23. Comment on the kinetics of blood vessels following iv bolus and oral single administration (8) 24. Discuss the determination of various pharmacokinetic parameters from urine data (8) 25. Discuss the determination of absorption rate constant by any one method (8) 26. Write a note on renal clearance and area under the curve (8) Topic: Clinical Pharmacy 1. What is patient counseling? Write in detail the role of the pharmacists in patient counseling regarding approach and various other aspects? (8) 2. Define adverse drug reactions discuss the different types of adverse drug reactions. Explain their significance (16) 5
6 3. What are the specific antidotes of the following poisons? Why should you use them? 4x4=16 (a) Arsenic (b) Heavy metals (c) Organic phosphorus type (d) Barbiturates 4. Pharmacodynamic drug interactions in polypharmacy (4) 5. What is therapeutic drug monitoring? Write briefly on TDM in paediatric patients. (8) 6. Write briefly on: (2x4=8) a) Patient counseling b) Scope of Clinical pharmacy 7. Write a note on the dose adjustment in pediatrics (8) 8. What is the importance and use of therapeutic drug level monitoring? (8) 9. Discuss: Modern dispensing practices (5) 10. Explain Unit dose dispensing (5) 11. Describe the following: a) Patient counseling (8) b) Precautions in pediatric medication (8) c) Repeated administration of drugs (5) 12. Write notes on the following: a) Objectives and scope of clinical pharmacy (8), b) Dosage regimens (8) 13. Discuss with the help of equations, the influence of the intravenous, oral & intramuscular routes of administration on drug absorption, distribution & elimination (8) 14. Define the term clinical pharmacy. Give in detail various functions of clinical pharmacy? (16) 15. What is patient counseling? (5) 16. Write a note on pharmacist and patient counseling? (5) 17. What is the modern scope of clinical pharmacy in India? (5) 18. Write short notes on: a) Idiosyncrasy (5), b) Anaphylaxis (5), c) Teratogencity (8) 19. Drug therapy in geriatrics (5) 20. What is clinical pharmacy? What are its objectives and scope in India? (8) 21. What is the significance of patient counseling? How does it improve treatment out comes? (8) 22. Therapeutic drug monitoring (8) 23. Write a note on the duties of a clinical pharmacist (8) 24. How are the physiological factors affecting drug ADME altered in geriatric patients? (8) 25. Write a note on patient counseling (8) 26. What precautions are necessary in paediatric medication? (8) 27. Write a note on patient counseling and its importance (8) 28. What are the precautions to be taken in the therapy of geriatric patients (8) * * * GOOD LUCK * * * RCP Vizag 11 years papers covered 6
BASIC PHARMACOKINETICS
BASIC PHARMACOKINETICS MOHSEN A. HEDAYA CRC Press Taylor & Francis Croup Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Table of Contents Chapter
More informationUNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES, ST AUGUSTINE
UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES, ST AUGUSTINE FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES SCHOOL OF PHARMACY BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN PHARMACY DEGREE COURSE SYLLABUS COURSE TITLE: COURSE CODE: BIOPHARMACEUTICS, NEW DRUG DELIVERY
More informationApplied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Sixth Edition
Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Sixth Edition Hill Leon Shargel, PHD, RPh Applied Biopharmaceutics, LLC Raleigh, North Carolina Affiliate Associate Professor, School of Pharmacy Virginia Commonwealth
More informationOsnove farmakokinetike. Aleš Mrhar. Prirejeno po. A First Course in Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics by David Bourne,
Osnove farmakokinetike Aleš Mrhar Prirejeno po A First Course in Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics by David Bourne, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Pharmacodynamics
More informationMultiple IV Bolus Dose Administration
PHARMACOKINETICS Multiple IV Bolus Dose Administration ١ Multiple IV Bolus Dose Administration Objectives: 1) To understand drug accumulation after repeated dose administration 2) To recognize and use
More informationSection 5.2: Pharmacokinetic properties
Section 5.2: Pharmacokinetic properties SmPC training presentation Note: for full information refer to the European Commission s Guideline on summary of product characteristics (SmPC) SmPC Advisory Group
More information1. If the MTC is 100 ng/ml and the MEC is 0.12 ng/ml, which of the following dosing regimen(s) are in the therapeutic window?
Page 1 PHAR 750: Biopharmaceutics/Pharmacokinetics October 23, 2009 - Form 1 Name: Total 100 points Please choose the BEST answer of those provided. For numerical answers, choose none of the above if your
More informationPharmaceutics I صيدالنيات 1. Unit 2 Route of Drug Administration
Pharmaceutics I صيدالنيات 1 Unit 2 Route of Drug Administration 1 Routs of Drug administration The possible routes of drug entry into the body may be divided into two classes: Parenteral Rout Enteral Rout
More informationGeneral Principles of Pharmacology and Toxicology
General Principles of Pharmacology and Toxicology Parisa Gazerani, Pharm D, PhD Assistant Professor Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI) Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University
More informationBasic Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics: An Integrated Textbook with Computer Simulations
Basic Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics: An Integrated Textbook with Computer Simulations Rosenbaum, Sara E. ISBN-13: 9780470569061 Table of Contents 1 Introduction to Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.
More informationDefine the terms biopharmaceutics and bioavailability.
Pharmaceutics Reading Notes Define the terms biopharmaceutics and bioavailability. Biopharmaceutics: the area of study concerning the relationship between the physical, chemical, and biological sciences
More informationPHA Final Exam Fall 2006
PHA 5127 Final Exam Fall 2006 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Please transfer the answers onto the bubble sheet. The question number refers
More informationNonlinear Pharmacokinetics
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics Non linear pharmacokinetics: In some cases, the kinetics of a pharmacokinetic process change from predominantly first order to predominantly zero order with increasing dose or
More informationBasic Concepts of TDM
TDM Lecture 1 5 th stage What is TDM? Basic Concepts of TDM Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a branch of clinical pharmacology that specializes in the measurement of medication concentrations in blood.
More informationTDM. Measurement techniques used to determine cyclosporine level include:
TDM Lecture 15: Cyclosporine. Cyclosporine is a cyclic polypeptide medication with immunosuppressant effect. It has the ability to block the production of interleukin-2 and other cytokines by T-lymphocytes.
More informationPharmacokinetics Overview
Pharmacokinetics Overview Disclaimer: This handout and the associated lectures are intended as a very superficial overview of pharmacokinetics. Summary of Important Terms and Concepts - Absorption, peak
More informationPHA Final Exam. Fall On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment.
PHA 5127 Final Exam Fall 2012 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Please transfer the answers onto the bubble sheet. The question number refers
More informationNontraditional PharmD Program PRDO 7700 Pharmacokinetics Review Self-Assessment
Nontraditional PharmD Program PRDO 7700 Pharmacokinetics Review Self-Assessment Please consider the following questions. If you do not feel confident about the material being covered, then it is recommended
More informationSlide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3. Drug Action and Handling. Lesson 2.1. Lesson 2.1. Drug Action and Handling. Drug Action and Handling.
Slide 1 Drug Action and Handling Chapter 2 1 Slide 2 Lesson 2.1 Drug Action and Handling 1. Differentiate dose, potency, and efficacy in the context of the actions of drugs. 2. Explain the pharmacologic
More informationPharmacodynamics & Pharmacokinetics 1
PCTH 325 Pharmacodynamics & Pharmacokinetics 1 Dr. Shabbits jennifer.shabbits@ubc.ca September 9, 2014 Learning objectives 1. Describe the categories of intended drug action 2. Compare and contrast agonists
More informationBasic Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics
Basic Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics Learning Outcomes Define biopharmaceutics Describe 4 processes of pharmacokinetics Describe factors that affect medication absorption Describe
More informationPHARMACOKINETICS OF DRUG ABSORPTION
Print Close Window Note: Large images and tables on this page may necessitate printing in landscape mode. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics > Chapter 7. Pharmacokinetics of Oral Absorption >
More informationVolume 1(3) May-June 2013 Page 351
ISSN: 2321-5674(Print) BIOAVAILABILITY: CRITERIA FOR APPROVING A DRUG PRODUCT FOR MARKETING Sandhya Singh 1, Faheem Ajmal Ansari 1, Shravan Paswan 2*, Rnjan Kumar Sharma 2, Alok Ranjan Gaur 3 1 Azad Institute
More informationPharmacokinetics of strong opioids. Susan Addie Specialist palliative care pharmacist
Pharmacokinetics of strong opioids Susan Addie Specialist palliative care pharmacist What is the difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics? Definitions Pharmacokinetics = what the body does
More informationIntroduction to Pharmacokinetics (PK) Anson K. Abraham, Ph.D. Associate Principal Scientist, PPDM- QP2 Merck & Co. Inc., West Point, PA 5- June- 2017
Introduction to Pharmacokinetics (PK) Anson K. Abraham, Ph.D. Associate Principal Scientist, PPDM- QP2 Merck & Co. Inc., West Point, PA 5- June- 2017 1 Outline Definition & Relevance of Pharmacokinetics
More informationC OBJECTIVES. Basic Pharmacokinetics LESSON. After completing Lesson 2, you should be able to:
LESSON 2 Basic Pharmacokinetics C OBJECTIVES After completing Lesson 2, you should be able to: 1. Define the concept of apparent volume of distribution and use an appropriate mathematical equation to calculate
More informationPharmacokinetics I. Dr. M.Mothilal Assistant professor
Pharmacokinetics I Dr. M.Mothilal Assistant professor DRUG TRANSPORT For a drug to produce a therapeutic effect, it must reach to its target and it must accumulate at that site to reach to the minimum
More informationPHA Second Exam. Fall On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment.
PHA 5127 Second Exam Fall 2011 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Put all answers on the bubble sheet TOTAL /200 pts 1 Question Set I (True or
More informationFDB FOOD AND DRUGS BOARD G H A N A GUIDELINES FOR CONDUCTING BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDIES
FDB FOOD AND DRUGS BOARD G H A N A GUIDELINES FOR CONDUCTING BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDIES 1 SCOPE In pursuance of section 47 of the Food and Drugs Law 1992, P.N.D.C.L 305B, as amended by Act 523, 1996, these
More informationDetermination of bioavailability
Pharmaceutics 2 Bioavailability Bioavailability is the rate and extent to which an administered drug reaches the systemic circulation. For example, if 100 mg of a drug is administered orally and 70 mg
More informationIntroduction to. Pharmacokinetics. University of Hawai i Hilo Pre-Nursing Program NURS 203 General Pharmacology Danita Narciso Pharm D
Introduction to 1 Pharmacokinetics University of Hawai i Hilo Pre-Nursing Program NURS 203 General Pharmacology Danita Narciso Pharm D 2 Learning objectives Understand compartment models and how they effects
More informationBiopharmaceutics Lecture-11 & 12. Pharmacokinetics of oral absorption
Biopharmaceutics Lecture-11 & 12 Pharmacokinetics of oral absorption The systemic drug absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or from any other extravascular site is dependent on 1. 2. 3. In the
More informationTamer Barakat. Abdul Aziz ALShamali. Abdul Aziz ALShamali
10 Tamer Barakat Abdul Aziz ALShamali Abdul Aziz ALShamali Dr. Alia Elimination: Refampin is used to treat TB not malaria (Quinacrine is used for malaria) It s the opposite process of absorption. It's
More informationPHARMACOKINETICS SMALL GROUP I:
PHARMACOKINETICS SMALL GROUP I: Question 1 Absorption of the anti-fungal agent, itraconazole, is dependent on a low gastric ph. Calculate the relative concentrations of a weak acid (with a pka of 5.4)
More informationPHA Second Exam Fall On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment.
PHA 5127 Second Exam Fall 2013 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Question/Points Set I 20 pts Set II 20 pts Set III 20 pts Set IV 20 pts Set
More informationOne-Compartment Open Model: Intravenous Bolus Administration:
One-Compartment Open Model: Intravenous Bolus Administration: Introduction The most common and most desirable route of drug administration is orally by mouth using tablets, capsules, or oral solutions.
More informationWe are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists. International authors and editors
We are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists 3,900 116,000 120M Open access books available International authors and editors Downloads Our
More informationDrug CHAPTER 2. Pharmacologic Principles. NDEG 26A Eliza Rivera-Mitu, RN, MSN. Pharmacology. Drug Names. Pharmacologic Principles. Drug Names (cont'd)
CHAPTER 2 Pharmacologic Principles NDEG 26A Eliza Rivera-Mitu, RN, MSN Drug Any chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a living organism Pharmacology The study or science of drugs Drug Names
More informationBiopharmaceutics. Lec: 4
64 Biopharmaceutics Physicochemical Properties of Drugs Affecting Bioavailability Lec: 4 1 Assist. Lecturer Ali Yaseen Ali BSc Pharmacy MSc Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences Dept. of Pharmaceutics School
More informationIs the science that study relation of physicochemical properties of drug, dosage form, & route of administration on rate and extent of drug
Chapter 5 Is the science that study relation of physicochemical properties of drug, dosage form, & route of administration on rate and extent of drug absorption. It is the study of the kinetics of absorption,
More informationMechanisms of Drug Action
10/31/05 Page 1 20.201 Mechanisms of Drug Action Lecture #18: Pharmacokinetics October 31, 2005 Review Dose-response Protein binding, drug transport(ers) Metabolism NOW: PHARMACOKINETICS Circulatory System
More informationReceived: ; Revised; Accepted: A REVIEW ON BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY Shashi Kant*, Bharat Parashar
International Journal of Institutional Pharmacy and Life Sciences 2(5): September-October 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INSTITUTIONAL PHARMACY AND LIFE SCIENCES Pharmaceutical Sciences Review Article!!!
More informationPharmacokinetic Modeling & Simulation in Discovery and non-clinical Development
Pharmacokinetic Modeling & Simulation in Discovery and non-clinical Development Where do we stand? Disclaimer I am not a bioinformatician, mathematician or biomedical engineer. I am a simple minded pharmacist,
More informationDr. M.Mothilal Assistant professor
Dr. M.Mothilal Assistant professor Bioavailability is a measurement of the rate and extent of drug that reaches the systemic circulation from a drug product or a dosage form. There are two different types
More informationUnderstand the physiological determinants of extent and rate of absorption
Absorption and Half-Life Nick Holford Dept Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology University of Auckland, New Zealand Objectives Understand the physiological determinants of extent and rate of absorption
More informationPHA Final Exam Fall 2001
PHA 5127 Final Exam Fall 2001 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Question/Points 1. /12 pts 2. /8 pts 3. /12 pts 4. /20 pts 5. /27 pts 6. /15
More informationModel Answer B.Pharm. VII sem, Examination 2013 Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Paper code: AS-2532
Section A: Short Answer Model Answer B.Pharm. VII sem, Examination 2013 Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Paper code: AS-2532 1. i) Objective of bioavailability studies Primary stages of development
More informationBasic Pharmacokinetic Principles Stephen P. Roush, Pharm.D. Clinical Coordinator, Department of Pharmacy
Basic Pharmacokinetic Principles Stephen P. Roush, Pharm.D. Clinical Coordinator, Department of Pharmacy I. General principles Applied pharmacokinetics - the process of using drug concentrations, pharmaco-kinetic
More informationWHY... 8/21/2013 LEARNING OUTCOMES PHARMACOKINETICS I. A Absorption. D Distribution DEFINITION ADME AND THERAPEUIC ACTION
PHARMACOKINETICS I Absorption & Distribution LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of the lecture students will be able to.. Dr Ruwan Parakramawansha MBBS, MD, MRCP(UK),MRCPE, DMT(UK) (2013/08/21) Define pharmacokinetics,
More informationPHA 5127 FINAL EXAM FALL On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment.
PHA 5127 FINAL EXAM FALL 1997 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Question Points 1. /14 pts 2. /10 pts 3. /8 pts 4 /8 pts 5. /12 pts 6. /8 pts
More informationPharmacokinetics One- compartment Open Model Lec:2
22 Pharmacokinetics One- compartment Open Model Lec:2 Ali Y Ali BSc Pharmacy MSc Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences Dept. of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy University of Sulaimani 1 Outline Introduction
More informationPHA Spring First Exam. 8 Aminoglycosides (5 points)
PHA 5128 Spring 2012 First Exam 1 Aminoglycosides (5 points) 2 Aminoglycosides (10 points) 3 Basic Principles (5 points) 4 Basic Principles (5 points) 5 Bioavailability (5 points) 6 Vancomycin (5 points)
More informationDevelopment of Canagliflozin: Mechanistic Absorption Modeling During Late-Stage Formulation and Process Optimization
Development of Canagliflozin: Mechanistic Absorption Modeling During Late-Stage Formulation and Process Optimization Nico Holmstock Scientist, Janssen R&D M CERSI 2017, BALTIMORE (USA) Canagliflozin An
More informationPHA Second Exam. Fall On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment.
PHA 5127 Second Exam Fall 2012 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Put all answers on the bubble sheet TOTAL /150 pts 1 Question Set I (True or
More informationINTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOKINETICS
INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOKINETICS 1 http://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/biol540/4pipeline2css.html 2 PHARMACOKINETICS 1. ABSORPTION 2. DISTRIBUTION 3. METABOLISM 4. EXCRETION ALL THESE PROCESSES ARE
More informationLD = (Vd x Cp)/F (Vd x Cp)/F MD = (Css x CL x T)/F DR = (Css x (Vm-DR))/Km Css = (F x D)/(CL x T) (Km x DR)/(Vm DR)
PHARMKIN WORKSHOP A PHARMACOKINETICS TEACHING SIMULATION Joseph K. Ritter, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Pharmacology and Toxicology MSB 536, 828-1022, jritter@mail2.vcu.edu Tompkins-McCaw Libray Room 2-006
More informationPHA 4120 Second Exam Key Fall On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment.
PHA 4120 Second Exam Key Fall 1997 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Question Points 1. /10 ponts 2. /20 points 3. /10 points 4. /10 points
More informationIntroduction to. Pharmacokinetics. University of Hawai i Hilo Pre-Nursing Program NURS 203 General Pharmacology Danita Narciso Pharm D
Introduction to 1 Pharmacokinetics University of Hawai i Hilo Pre-Nursing Program NURS 203 General Pharmacology Danita Narciso Pharm D 2 Learning objectives Understand compartment models and how they effects
More informationPharmacokinetics: The Basics
Pharmacokinetics: The Basics 2017 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Rockville, MD January 2017 MRC2.CORP.D.00200 1 advice or professional diagnosis. Users seeking medical advice
More informationPHA5128 Dose Optimization II Case Study I Spring 2013
Silsamicin is an investigational compound being evaluated for its antimicrobial effect. The route of administration for this drug is via intravenous bolus. Approximately 99.9% of this drug is eliminated
More informationPHAR 7633 Chapter 20 Non Compartmental Analysis
Student Objectives for this Chapter PHAR 7633 Chapter 20 Non Compartmental Analysis To understand and use the non compartmental approach to parameter estimation be able to define, use, and calculate the
More informationAssem Al Refaei. Sameer Emeish. Dr.Alia. Hodaifa Ababneh & Abdullah Shurafa
8 Assem Al Refaei Sameer Emeish Hodaifa Ababneh & Abdullah Shurafa Dr.Alia Sheet Checklist Bioequivalence and Therapeutic equivalence. Factors Influencing Absorption. Revising Bioavailability. Factors
More informationAdjusting phenytoin dosage in complex patients: how to win friends and influence patient outcomes
Adjusting phenytoin dosage in complex patients: how to win friends and influence patient outcomes Brian Hardy, PharmD, FCSHP, FCCP Coordinator Education and Clinical Programs Department of Pharmacy Sunnybrook
More informationPharmacokinetic Phase
RSPT 2317 Principles of Drug Action Part 2: The Pharmacokinetic Phase Pharmacokinetic Phase This phase describes the time course and disposition of a drug in the body, based on its absorption, distribution,
More informationCLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS INDEPENDENT LEARNING MODULE
CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS INDEPENDENT LEARNING MODULE Joseph K. Ritter, Ph.D. Assoc. Professor, Pharmacology and Toxicology MSB 536, 828-1022, jritter@vcu.edu This self study module will reinforce the
More informationPharmacokinetics of Drugs. Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia
Pharmacokinetics of Drugs Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia Absorption Is the transfer of a drug from its site of administration to the bloodstream.
More informationBrand and Generic Drugs. Educational Objectives. Absorption
Peter J. Rice, PharmD, PhD Associate Professor of Pharmacology East Tennessee State University Educational Objectives Pharmacokinetic Processes Distribution Metabolism Excretion Similarities Active ingredient(s)
More informationRational Dose Prediction. Pharmacology. φαρμακον. What does this mean? pharmakon. Medicine Poison Magic Spell
1 Rational Dose Prediction Nick Holford Dept Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology University of Auckland, New Zealand 2 Pharmacology Pharmacology is derived from a Greek word (pharmakon). The Greeks used
More information1. Gastric Emptying Time Anatomically, a swallowed drug rapidly reaches the stomach. Eventually, the stomach empties its content in the small
Lecture-5 1. Gastric Emptying Time Anatomically, a swallowed drug rapidly reaches the stomach. Eventually, the stomach empties its content in the small intestine. Because the duodenum has the greatest
More informationPharmacokinetic parameters: Halflife
Pharmacokinetic parameters: Halflife (t 1/2 ) 1. By definition t 1/2 is the time required for the concentration to fall by one half. For drugs with first order kinetics this is a constant. 2. Half-life
More informationMETHODS OF STUDYING BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE
METHODS OF STUDYING BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE INTRODUCTION: A multisource drug product is a drug product that contains the same active drug substance in the same dosage form and is marketed by
More informationUSING PBPK MODELING TO SIMULATE THE DISPOSITION OF CANAGLIFLOZIN
USING PBPK MODELING TO SIMULATE THE DISPOSITION OF CANAGLIFLOZIN Christophe Tistaert PDMS Pharmaceutical Sciences Preformulation & Biopharmaceutics AAPS 2015, FLORIDA (USA) Canagliflozin An orally active
More information2- Minimum toxic concentration (MTC): The drug concentration needed to just produce a toxic effect.
BIOPHARMACEUTICS Drug Product Performance Parameters: 1- Minimum effective concentration (MEC): The minimum concentration of drug needed at the receptors to produce the desired pharmacologic effect. 2-
More informationPharmacokinetics for Physicians. Assoc Prof. Noel E. Cranswick Clinical Pharmacologist Royal Children s Hospital Melbourne
Pharmacokinetics for Physicians Assoc Prof. Noel E. Cranswick Clinical Pharmacologist Royal Children s Hospital Melbourne The Important Therapeutic Questions What drug? What dose? How long? Drug Dosage
More informationRevised European Guideline on PK and Clinical Evaluation of Modified Release Dosage Forms
1st MENA Regulatory Conference on Bioequivalence, Biowaivers, Bioanalysis and Dissolution Jordan September 23 24, 2013 Revised European Guideline on PK and Clinical Evaluation of Modified Release Dosage
More informationPharmacokinetic Phase
RSPT 2217 Principles of Drug Action Part 2: The Pharmacokinetic Phase Gardenhire Chapter 2; p. 14-25 From the Text Common Pathways for Drug Box 2-3; page 18 Plasma Half-lives of Common Drugs Table 2-4;
More informationDMPK. APRIL 27 TH 2017 Jan Neelissen Scientific Adviser Science & Technology
DMPK APRIL 27 TH 2017 Jan Neelissen Scientific Adviser Science & Technology What I learned is a good DMPK profile have acceptable water solubility for development be completely absorbed, preferably via
More informationMetformin: Mechanistic Absorption Modeling and IVIVC Development
Metformin: Mechanistic Absorption Modeling and IVIVC Development Maziar Kakhi *, Ph.D. FDA Silver Spring, MD 20993 Maziar.kakhi@fda.hhs.gov Viera Lukacova, Ph.D. Simulations Plus Lancaster, CA 93534 viera@simulations-plus.com
More informationA primer on pharmacology
A primer on pharmacology Universidade do Algarve Faro 2017 by Ferdi Engels, Ph.D. 1 2 1 3 Utrecht university campus de Uithof Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences Division of Pharmacology 4 2 Bachelor and
More informationChapter-V Drug use in renal and hepatic disorders. BY Prof. C.Ramasamy, Head, Dept of Pharmacy Practice SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM University
Chapter-V Drug use in renal and hepatic disorders. BY Prof. C.Ramasamy, Head, Dept of Pharmacy Practice SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM University Estimating renal function An accurate estimation of renal
More informationPrinciples of Toxicokinetics/Toxicodynanics
Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology ENVR 442; TOXC 442; BIOC 442 Principles of Toxicokinetics/Toxicodynanics Kim L.R. Brouwer, PharmD, PhD kbrouwer@unc.edu; 919-962-7030 Pharmacokinetics/ Toxicokinetics:
More informationPharmacotherapy Issues in the Pediatric Population
Pharmacotherapy Issues in the Pediatric Population Continuing Professional Pharmacy Development Dr. Shane Pawluk, PharmD Dr. Andrea Cartwright, PharmD Dr. Maryam Khaja March 26, 2014 Outline Didactic Session
More informationWinston Spencer Liauw Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Gray Street, Kogarah NSW 2217, Australia
LINIAL PARMAOLOGY Winston Spencer Liauw ancer are entre, St George ospital, Gray Street, Kogarah NSW 2217, Australia Keywords: linical pharmacology, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutics,
More informationUsing Accelerator Mass Spectrometry to Explain the Pharmacokinetics of Vismodegib Cornelis E.C.A. Hop
Using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry to Explain the Pharmacokinetics of Vismodegib Cornelis E.C.A. Hop Topics to be Addressed Why AMS? AMS for mass balance studies with vismodegib AMS for absolute bioavailability
More informationGuideline for Bioequivalence Studies of Generic Products
English translation of Attachment 1 of Division-tification 0229. 10 of the Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau, dated February 29, 2012 Guideline for Bioequivalence Studies of Generic Products Index
More informationRenal Function. 1. Glomerular filtration 2. Active tubular secretion 3. Passive tubular reabsorption 4. Excretion
59-291 Section 1, Lecture 5 Drug Excretion -most drugs are excreted in urine either as unchanged or drug metabolites Renal Function 1. Glomerular filtration 2. Active tubular secretion 3. Passive tubular
More informationDRAFT GUIDANCE DOCUMENT Comparative Bioavailability Standards: Formulations Used for Systemic Effects
1 2 3 DRAFT GUIDANCE DOCUMENT Comparative Bioavailability Standards: Formulations Used for Systemic Effects 4 This guidance document is being distributed for comment purposes only. 5 6 Published by authority
More informationCase Study 2 Answers Spring 2006
Case Study 2 Answers Spring 2006 1. The volume of distribution of diazepam in a group of normal subjects (60 kg, ideal body weight) was found to be 105 L. In another group of patients (110 kg), the volume
More informationEVE 491/591 Toxicology. Toxicant Entry into the Body 2/19/2018. Absorption and Fate of a Toxicant
EVE 491/591 Toxicology Lecture #7 1. Absorption of Toxicants 2. Case study Part VI Toxicant Entry into the Body Toxicants must defeat barriers to absorption The respiratory system The digestive system
More informationADME Review. Dr. Joe Ritter Associate Professor of Pharmacology
ADME Review Dr. Joe Ritter Associate Professor of Pharmacology 828-1022 jkritter@vcu.edu What percent of a weak base (pka = 7.5) and weak acid (pka = 3.5) will be respectively ionized in urine of ph 5.5?
More informationAbsolute bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies in early clinical development using microdose and microtracer approaches.
Absolute bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies in early clinical development using microdose and microtracer approaches. Dr Lloyd Stevens Senior Research Fellow Pharmaceutical Profiles Nottingham,
More informationPHA First Exam Fall 2013
PHA 5127 First Exam Fall 2013 On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in doing this assignment. Name Question Set/Points I. 30 pts II. III. IV 20 pts 20 pts 15 pts V. 25 pts VI.
More informationDrug Dosing in Renal Insufficiency. Coralie Therese D. Dimacali, MD College of Medicine University of the Philippines Manila
Drug Dosing in Renal Insufficiency Coralie Therese D. Dimacali, MD College of Medicine University of the Philippines Manila Declaration of Conflict of Interest For today s lecture on Drug Dosing in Renal
More informationBiopharmaceutics Dosage form factors influencing bioavailability Lec:5
Biopharmaceutics Dosage form factors influencing bioavailability Lec:5 Ali Y Ali BSc Pharmacy MSc Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences Dept. of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy University of Sulaimani 09/01/2019
More informationDEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
METABOLISME dr. Yunita Sari Pane DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Pharmacokinetic absorption distribution BIOTRANSFORMATION elimination Intravenous Administration Oral
More informationIn vitro In vivo correlation of sustained release capsules of Metoprolol
In vitro In vivo correlation of sustained release capsules of Metoprolol K.Kannan*, R.Manavalan, P.K.Karar Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, TamilNadu, India. ABSTRACT
More informationBasic pharmacokinetics. Frédérique Servin APHP hôpital Bichat Paris, FRANCE
Basic pharmacokinetics Frédérique Servin APHP hôpital Bichat Paris, FRANCE DOSE CONCENTRATION EFFECT Pharmacokinetics What the body does to the drug Pharmacodynamics What the drug does to the body Transfer
More informationExcretion of Drugs. Prof. Hanan Hagar Pharmacology Unit Medical College
Excretion of Drugs Prof. Hanan Hagar Pharmacology Unit Medical College Excretion of Drugs By the end of this lecture, students should be able to! Identify main and minor routes of excretion including renal
More informationName: UFID: PHA Exam 2. Spring 2013
PHA 5128 Exam 2 Spring 2013 1 Carbamazepine (5 points) 2 Theophylline (10 points) 3 Gentamicin (10 points) 4 Drug-drug interaction (5 points) 5 Lidocaine (5 points) 6 Cyclosporine (5 points) 7 Phenobarbital
More information