How to cite this report: Peel Public Health. A Look at Peel Youth in Grades 7-12: Alcohol. Results from the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health

Transcription

1

2 How to cite this report: A Look at Peel Youth in Grades 7-12: Alcohol. Results from the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, A Peel Health Technical Report

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...1 KEY MESSAGES...3 CHAPTER ONE- RESPONDENT PROFILE...5 STUDENT DEMOGRAPHICS... 6 Sex and Grade... 6 Immigrant Status... 7 Ethnic Background... 9 FAMILY PROFILE Languages Spoken at Home Parental Immigrant Status Parental Education Level Living Arrangement at Home Socio-Economic Status CHAPTER TWO - ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION LIFETIME CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN THE LAST MONTH BINGE DRINKING Frequency of Binge Drinking in the Last Month GETTING DRUNK NUMBER OF DRINKS CONSUMED SOURCE OF ALCOHOL GRADE FIRST TRIED ALCOHOL Grade First Drank Enough Alcohol to Feel Drunk TRIED ALCOHOL FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THE PAST YEAR CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES Alcohol and Energy Drinks... 52

4 Alcohol and Marijuana CONSUMPTION OF ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF ALCOHOL CHAPTER 3 - RISKY BEHAVIOUR ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOL PLAYING DRINKING GAMES DRINKING AND DRIVING RIDING WITH A DRIVER WHO WAS DRINKING ALCOHOL OPERATING A PLEASURE CRAFT AFTER DRINKING INJURIES RELATED TO DRINKING HAZARDOUS OR HARMFUL DRINKING Hazardous or Harmful Drinking (Score 8+ on Audit AUDIT Indicators CHAPTER 4 - ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS SURROUNDING ALCOHOL ACCESS AND CONSUMPTION ALCOHOL EDUCATION AT SCHOOL PERCEIVED ACCESS TO ALCOHOL PERCEIVED RISK OF HARM ASSOCIATED WITH DRINKING ALCOHOL DISAPPROVAL OF ADULTS DRINKING ALCOHOL CHAPTER FIVE - METHODS DEFINITIONS OF TERMS METHODS DATA RELEASE LIMITATIONS PARTICIPATION AND RESPONSE RATE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES... 91

5 INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND Public Health units are responsible for the ongoing collection, analysis and reporting of health indicators for priority populations. Understanding health related behaviours of the student population is an important aspect of this work. In 2013, Peel Public Health participated in the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey (OSDUHS), the longest running student survey in Canada. The survey, conducted every two years, since 1977, is administered by York University s Institute for Social Research (ISR) on behalf of the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH). It contains valuable insight into the awareness and behaviours of students in grades 7 to 12 surrounding alcohol, tobacco and drugs use, as well as detailed information on physical and mental health, relationships with friends and parents, and the school environment. The 2013 survey was administered to students in a randomly selected number of schools and classes in Ontario, from September 2012 to February The present cycle is the largest to date with 10,398 Ontario elementary and secondary school students completing the survey, for an overall class participation rate of 87%. In Peel, a total of 2,100 grade 7-12 students were sampled. PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT This report is intended to provide insight on alcohol use and attitudes and perceptions surrounding alcohol among Peel elementary and secondary school students. Data from this report will be used to inform, guide and support student-focused programs and/or strategies, including those tied to our strategic priorities. 1

6 HOW TO READ THIS REPORT This report has been produced in two formats: print and web. Both contain the same content. Confidence intervals (presented as 95% CI in the report) are provided for many estimates throughout the document. The confidence interval presents a lower and upper range of values, which we are confident contains the true value of the estimate 95% of the time, or 19 times out of 20. When the 95% confidence interval of one estimate does not overlap with that of another estimate, the difference between the estimates is considered statistically significant. If the confidence intervals of two estimates do overlap, the estimates may still be significantly different; however an appropriate statistical test would be required to assess the statistical difference of the two estimates. HOW TO REFERENCE THIS REPORT A Look at Peel Youth in Grades 7-12: Alcohol. Results from the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, A Peel Health Technical Report

7 KEY MESSAGES RESPONDENT PROFILE Peel students are more likely than Ontario students to identify themselves as either long-term or recent immigrants. In Peel, the most commonly identified ethnic backgrounds among students in grades 7-12 are White, South Asian and East or South East Asian. Peel students are more likely than Ontario students to speak both English and another language at home and to have parents who were born outside of Canada. ALCOHOL In Peel, just over one-third of students (37%) report drinking alcohol in the last 12 months before the survey. Peel students are less likely than Ontario students to report drinking alcohol. In Peel, 58% of grade 7-12 students feel that alcohol is easy to obtain. Most students in Peel report trying alcohol for the first time in Grade 9 (23%). The proportion of students engaging in risky alcohol-related behaviours tends to be lower in Peel students compared to Ontario students. However, Peel students do engage in risky-alcohol related behaviours as follows: o o o o o o o o One in ten students in grades 7-12 report binge drinking at least once in the month prior to the survey. Twenty-seven per cent of students who drank alcohol, had alcohol and energy drinks together on at least one occasion in the last year. One in ten grade 7-12 students reported consuming alcohol and marijuana on the same occasion in the last year. Twelve per cent of students (use estimate with caution) have played drinking games in the last month. Three per cent of grade students (use estimate with caution) indicate that they have driven a vehicle after drinking in the last year, while 3% (use estimate with caution) have driven a pleasure craft (snowmobile, motor boat, sea-doo or all-terrain vehicle) after drinking alcohol. Eighteen per cent of all students indicate that they have been a passenger with a driver who had been drinking. Five per cent of grade 7-12 students indicate that they, or somebody they know, have been injured because of drinking in the last year. In Peel, 8% of students exhibit symptoms of hazardous or harmful drinking. 3

8 Risky alcohol-related behaviours tend to be similar among males and females, and more common among students in higher grades. 4

9 CHAPTER ONE - RESPONDENT PROFILE. Highlights A total of 2,100 grade 7-12 students from 31 schools in Peel participated in the 2013 cycle of the OSDUHS, an overall response rate of 71%. A similar proportion of males (52%) and females (48%) participated in the survey. One-third (32%) of Peel students identify themselves as either long-term or recent immigrants, compared to less than 20% of Ontario students. In Peel, the three most common ethnic backgrounds are White (29%), South Asian (28%) and East or South-East Asian (13%). In Peel, a large portion of students report speaking both English and another language at home (36%). For the majority of students in Peel, both parents were born outside of Canada (69%), compared to one-third of students in Ontario (35%). Peel students (7%) are less likely than Ontario students (12%) to divide their time between two or more homes. In Peel, 34% of students consider their family to be of low socio-economic status. This is similar to Ontario. 5

10 STUDENT DEMOGRAPHICS The 2013 OSDUHS sample contains 2,100 students from both the Peel District School Board and the Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board. The overall response rate in Peel was 71%. A similar proportion of males (53%) and females (47%) participated in the survey and the sample is distributed almost equally across grades. Sex and Grade Table 1.1 Demographic Profile of Students in Grades 7-12 by Sex and Grade, Peel, 2013 Demographics Per cent of all students (95% CI ) Sex Male 51.8 ( ) Female 48.2 ( ) Grade ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) N=2,100 6

11 Immigrant Status In Peel, 32% of grade 7-12 students identify themselves as either long-term or recent immigrants, compared to 17% of Ontario students. Survey Question: How long have you lived in Canada? Table 1.2 Immigrant Status of Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Immigration status Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Non-immigrant* 67.6 ( ) 82.7 ( ) Recent immigrant 21.4 ( ) 11.1 ( ) Long-term immigrant 11.0 ( ) 6.2 ( ) Peel N=2,092; Ontario N=10,239 *Non-immigrant: includes students who reported living in Canada all my life ; Recent immigrant includes students who reported living in Canada less than 2-10 years ; Long-term immigrant includes students who reported living in Canada 11 years or more 7

12 Figure 1.1 Immigration Status of Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, Per cent of all students Non-immigrant * Recent immigrant Long-term immigrant Peel Ontario Peel N=2,092; Ontario N=10,239 *Non-immigrant: includes students who reported living in Canada all my life ; Recent immigrant includes students who reported living in Canada less than 2-10 years ; Long-term immigrant includes students who reported living in Canada 11 years or more 8

13 Ethnic Background In Peel, the most commonly reported ethnicities are White (29%), South Asian (28%), and East or Southeast Asian (13%). Approximately 10% of students report belonging to multiple ethnicities. Survey Question: Which of the following describes your background? Table 1.3 Ethnic Background of Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Per cent of all students (95% CI ) Ethnic Background Peel Ontario White 28.7 ( ) 58.9 ( ) South Asian 27.6 ( ) 9.9 ( ) East/Southeast Asian 13.1 ( ) 7.8 ( ) Multiple 10.4 ( ) 8.5 ( ) Black 9.0 ( ) 5.1 ( ) West Asian/ Arab 4.9 ( ) 2.7 ( ) Latin American 3.8 ( ) 3.1 ( ) Aboriginal NR 0.8 ( ) Not stated/not sure 2.4 ( ) 3.2 ( ) Peel N=2,100; Ontario N=10,259 NR=Not releasable due to small numbers East/Southeast Asian includes: South East Asian, Chinese, Filipino, Korean, Japanese Multiple includes those who selected more than one category (including those who selected both a specific category and not sure ). 9

14 FAMILY PROFILE Languages Spoken at Home Most students in Peel and Ontario report speaking only English at home (52% versus 68%, respectively). Peel students are more likely to report speaking both English and another language at home compared to Ontario students (36% versus 19%, respectively). Survey Question: What languages do you usually speak at home? Table 1.4 Language Spoken at Home among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Languages spoken at home Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario English 51.6 ( ) 68.2 ( ) English and other 35.9 ( ) 18.2 ( ) Both English and French 0.5* ( ) 4.4* ( ) Other languages 7.9 ( ) 4.8 ( ) Other language combinations 3.2 * ( ) 1.7 ( ) English, French and other language 0.9* ( ) 1.1* ( ) French NR NR French and other NR NR Peel N=2,097; Ontario N=10,259 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers 10

15 Parental Immigrant Status In Peel, 69% of students have parents who were both born outside of Canada; nearly double the percentage seen among Ontario students (35%). Survey Question: Were your parents born in Canada? Table 1.5 Parental Immigrant Status among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Parental immigrant status Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Both parents born in Canada 19.9 ( ) 51.2 ( ) One parent born in Canada 9.7 ( ) 11.8 ( ) Neither parent born in Canada 68.7 ( ) 34.7 ( ) Did not reply 1.6* ( ) 2.3 ( ) Peel N=2,100; Ontario N=10,272 *Use estimate with caution 11

16 Figure 1.2 Parental Immigrant Status among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Per cent of all students Both parents One parent Neither parent Number of parents born in Canada Peel Ontario Peel N=2,100; Ontario N=10,272 12

17 Parental Education Level Peel and Ontario parents are highly educated. The majority of parents in both Peel and Ontario completed post-secondary education (61% versus 59%, respectively). Survey Question: What is the highest level of education your mother/father has completed? Table 1.6 Highest Level of Education Achieved among Mothers Reported by Grade 7-12 Students, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Level of education Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Less than secondary 5.2 ( ) 5.7 ( ) Secondary 11.5 ( ) 13.0 ( ) Some post-secondary 5.7 ( ) 6.5 ( ) Completed post-secondary 60.5 ( ) 58.5 ( ) Don t know 17.1 ( ) 15.9 ( ) Peel N=2,058; Ontario N=10,053 Table 1.7 Highest Level of Education Achieved among Fathers Reported by Grade 7-12 Students, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Level of education Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Less than secondary 6.8 ( ) 8.6 ( ) Secondary 9.7 ( ) 12.5 ( ) Some post-secondary 5.6 ( ) 5.7 ( ) Completed post-secondary 57.2 ( ) 53.0 ( ) Don t know 19.5 ( ) 18.6 ( ) Peel N=2,054; Ontario N=10,003 13

18 Living Arrangement at Home Peel students are less likely than Ontario students to spend time between two or more homes (6% versus 12%, respectively). Survey Question: Not everybody lives with both parents in one home. Some people spend part of their time in one home and the other part of their time in another home. Please choose one of the following statements that best describes your living situation. Table 1.8 Living Arrangements at Home among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Living arrangement Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Live in only one home 93.4 ( ) 87.7 ( ) Split time between two or more homes 6.6 ( ) 12.3 ( ) Peel N=2,090; Ontario N=10,190 14

19 Socio-Economic Status Starting in 2011, OSDUHS introduced a subjective measure of family Socio-Economic Status (SES). Survey Question: Imagine the ladder below shows how the Canadian society is set up. At the top, are the people who are best off, they have the most money, the most education and the jobs that bring the most respect. At the bottom are the people who are worst off, they have the least money, little education no job, or jobs that nobody wants. Now think about your family, please check off the numbered box that best shows where you think your family would be on this ladder. The family SES scale is an adolescent-specific measure of subjective social status. The family SES ladder was analysed based on a median split defined as: Low SES: students ranked their family between one to six on the ladder; and High SES: students ranked their family from seven to ten on the ladder. In Peel, 34% of grade 7-12 students consider their family to be of low socio-economic status, as measured by the family socio-economic ladder. This is similar to Ontario students. Table 1.9 Subjective Family Socio Economic Status among Grade 7-12 Students, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Per cent of all students (95% CI) Socio-economic status Peel Ontario Low SES 34.3 ( ) 30.5 ( ) High SES 65.7 ( ) 69.5 ( ) Peel N=2,073; Ontario N=10,061 15

20 16

21 CHAPTER TWO - ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION Highlights Peel students (22%) are less likely than Ontario students (33%) to have consumed alcohol in the month prior to the survey. In Peel, 11% of all grade 7-12 students report binge drinking at least once in the month before the survey, compared to 20% of Ontario students. In Peel, males and females are equally as likely to report binge drinking (12% vs. 10%, respectively). Among past year drinkers in Peel, 30% report binge drinking at least once in the month prior to the survey. This is less common than among Ontario students (39%). Half of Peel students in grade 7-12 (50%) report they usually get alcohol from somebody else. Other sources of alcohol include giving somebody else money to buy it (17%), and taking it from home (13%). Most students in Peel report trying alcohol for the first time in high school. Grade 9 was the most common year students first tried alcohol (23%). Twenty-seven per cent of past year drinkers in Peel report consuming alcohol and energy drinks together in the previous year. Consumption of these substances together is more common among students in older grades. In Peel, 11% of grade 7-12 students report consuming alcohol and marijuana on the same occasion. The proportion of students who report using these two substances together is highest among Grade 12 students (24% - use estimate with caution). Four per cent of Peel students in grades 7-12 report consuming alternative forms of alcohol such as mouthwash, rubbing alcohol or hand sanitizer. This is similar to Ontario (3%). 17

22 LIFETIME CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL Forty-one per cent of Peel students and 52% of Ontario students in grades 7-12 consumed alcohol at least once in their lifetime (excluding just a sip). Students in Grade 12 (67%) are more likely to report consuming alcohol in their lifetime, compared to younger students, Grade 7 (13%). Survey Question: In the last 12 months how often did you drink alcohol- liquor (rum, whiskey, etc.) wine, beer or coolers? Table 2.1 Lifetime Alcohol Consumption among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Alcohol Consumption Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Drank alcohol (more than a sip ) 40.9 ( ) 52.4 ( ) Only had a sip of alcohol 17.8 ( ) 17.6 ( ) Did not drink alcohol 41.2 ( ) 30.1 ( ) Peel N=2,092; Ontario N=10,230 Table 2.2 Lifetime Alcohol Consumption among Students in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, 2013 Alcohol Consumption Per cent of all students (95% CI) Male Female Drank alcohol (more than a sip ) 40.0 ( ) 42.0 ( ) Only had a sip of alcohol 18.6 ( ) 17.1 ( ) Did not drink alcohol 41.5 ( ) 41.0 ( ) N=2,092 18

23 Table 2.3 Lifetime Alcohol Consumption among Students in Grades 7-12 by Grade, Peel, 2013 Alcohol Per cent of all students (95% CI) Consumption Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Drank alcohol (more than a sip) 12.9 ( ) 17.3 ( ) 34.0 ( ) 42.9 ( ) 54.7 ( ) 66.9 ( ) Only had a sip of alcohol Did not drink alcohol ( ) 69.7 ( ) ( ) 57.2 ( ) ( ) 41.8 ( ) ( ) 39.8 ( ) ( ) 31.9 ( ) ( ) 20.7 ( ) N=2,092 19

24 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS In Peel, 37% of grade 7-12 students report drinking alcohol in the previous 12 months (excluding those who had a few sips). By comparison, 50% of Ontario students report drinking alcohol. In Peel, there is no difference in past year drinking by sex. Students in Grade 12 (62%) are more likely to report drinking in the previous year compared to those in Grade 7 (11%). Survey Question: In the last 12 months how often did you drink alcohol - liquor (rum, whiskey, etc.) wine, beer or coolers? Table 2.4 Alcohol Consumption in the Last 12 Months among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Alcohol Consumption Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Drank alcohol (more than a sip) 37.4 ( ) 49.5 ( ) Only had a sip of alcohol 17.8 ( ) 17.6 ( ) Did not drink alcohol 44.8 ( ) 33.0 ( ) Peel N=2,092; Ontario N=10,230 20

25 Figure 2.1 Alcohol Consumption in the Last 12 Months among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, Per cent of all students Drank alcohol Did not drink alcohol Only had a sip Peel Ontario Peel N=2,092; Ontario N=10,230 21

26 Table 2.5 Alcohol Consumption in the Last 12 Months among Students in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, 2013 Alcohol Consumption Per cent of all students (95% CI) Male Female Drank alcohol (more than a sip) 36.1 ( ) 38.8 ( ) Only had a sip of alcohol 18.6 ( ) 17.1 ( ) Did not drink alcohol 45.4 ( ) 44.2 ( ) N=2,092 Table 2.6 Alcohol Consumption in the Last 12 Months among Students in Grades 7-12 by Grade, Peel, 2013 Alcohol Per cent of all students (95% CI) Consumption Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Drank alcohol (more than a sip) 10.5 ( ) 14.0 ( ) 30.9 ( ) 40.1 ( ) 50.3 ( ) 62.3 ( ) Only had a sip of alcohol Did not drink alcohol ( ) 72.1 ( ) ( ) 60.4 ( ) ( ) 44.9 ( ) ( ) 42.5 ( ) ( ) 36.3 ( ) N=2,092 ( ) 25.3 ( ) 22

27 Figure 2.2 Proportion of Students in Grade 7-12 who Drank Alcohol (More Than a Sip) in the Last 12 Months by Sex and Grade, Peel, 2013 Per cent of all students Total Male Female Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 N=2,092 23

28 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN THE LAST MONTH Peel students are less likely than Ontario students to report consuming alcohol in the month prior to the survey (22% vs. 33%, respectively). In Peel, there is no difference in last month alcohol consumption by sex. However, there is variation by grade. Thirty-nine per cent of students in Grade 12 report drinking in the last month, compared to 4% (use estimate with caution) of students in Grade 7. Among All Students Survey Question: In the last 4 weeks, how often did you drink alcohol (liquor, wine, beer, or coolers)? Table 2.7 Frequency of Alcohol Consumption (Last Month) among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Once or twice 16.9 ( ) 24.1 ( ) Once or twice per week 3.8* ( ) 6.7 ( ) Three or more times per week 1.5* ( ) 2.6 ( ) Not in the last month 77.9 ( ) 66.6 ( ) Peel N= 2,085; Ontario N=10,174 *Use estimate with caution 24

29 Table 2.8 Frequency of Alcohol Consumption (Last Month) among Students in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Male Female Once or twice 16.4 ( ) 17.3 ( ) Once or twice per week 4.2* ( ) 3.4* ( ) Three or more times per week 1.8 ( ) NR Not in the last month 77.5 ( ) 78.2 ( ) N=2,085 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Table 2.9 Frequency of Alcohol Consumption (Last Month) among Students in Grades 7-12 by Grade, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Once or twice 3.3* ( ) 5.5* ( ) 12.2* ( ) 16.0* ( ) 23.3 ( ) 31.4 ( ) Once or twice per week NR NR NR NR 7.4* ( ) 6.0* ( ) Three or more NR NR NR NR NR NR times per week Not in the last month 96.0 ( ) 93.4 ( ) 84.1 ( ) 78.2 ( ) 66.7 ( ) 60.6 ( ) N=2,085 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers 25

30 Among Past Year Drinkers In Peel, among students who report drinking alcohol in the past year, a large proportion did not drink in the four weeks prior to the survey (45%). Forty-one per cent report drinking once or twice, and 14 % report drinking once per week or more. A similar pattern is observed among Ontario students. Table 2.10 Frequency of Alcohol Consumption (Last Month) among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Frequency Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Peel Ontario Once or twice 40.5 ( ) 44.8 ( ) Once or twice per week 10.1* ( ) 13.5 ( ) Three or more times per 4.0* ( ) 5.2 ( ) week Not in the last month 45.4 ( ) 36.6 ( ) Peel N=738; Ontario N=4,162 *Use estimate with caution Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. Table 2.11 Frequency of Alcohol Consumption (Last Month) among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, 2013 Frequency Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Male Female Once or twice 40.9 ( ) 40.1 ( ) Once or twice per week 11.7* ( ) 8.6* ( ) Three or more times per 5.1* ( ) 2.9* ( ) week Not in the last month 42.3 ( ) 48.5 ( ) N= 738 *Use estimate with caution; Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 26

31 Table 2.12 Frequency of Alcohol Consumption (Last Month) among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12, by Grade, Peel, 2013 Frequency Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Once or twice NR 24.1* ( ) 32.5* ( ) 36.6 ( ) 44.3 ( ) 48.2 ( ) Once or twice per week NR NR NR NR 14.6* ( ) 9.6* ( ) Three or more NR NR NR NR NR NR times per week Not in the last month 82.6 ( ) 69.0 ( ) 55.1 ( ) 49.1 ( ) ( ) 38.9 ( ) N= 738 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 27

32 BINGE DRINKING Eleven per cent of all Peel students in grades 7-12 report binge drinking at least once in the previous month before the survey. Binge drinking is more common among Ontario students (20%) compared to Peel. Among past year drinkers, significantly fewer Peel students (30%) binge drink compared to Ontario students (39%). Survey Question: How many times in the last 4 weeks have you had 5 or more drinks of alcohol on the same occasion? Table 2.13 Proportion of Students in Grades 7-12 who Report Binge Drinking (Last Month) among All Students and Past Year Drinkers, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Per cent of students (95% CI) All Students Drinkers Peel 11.0 ( ) 29.4 ( ) Ontario 19.8 ( ) 39.4 ( ) Peel N=2,090; Ontario N=10,187 Peel N=739; Ontario N=4,173 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions in last month. 28

33 Figure 2.3 Proportion of Students in Grades 7-12 who Report Binge Drinking (Last Month) among All Students and Past Year Drinkers, Peel and Ontario, Per cent of students All Students Drinkers Peel Ontario Peel N=2,090; Ontario N=10,187 Peel N=739; Ontario N=4,173 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions. 29

34 Table 2.14 Proportion of Students in Grades 7-12 who Report Binge Drinking (Last Month) among All Students and among Past Year Drinkers by Sex and Grade, Peel, 2013 Per cent of students (95% CI) All Students Drinkers Sex Male 12.1 ( ) 33.6 ( ) Female 9.9 ( ) 25.3 ( ) Grade 7 NR NR 8 NR NR 9 6.1* ( ) 19.9* ( ) * ( ) 29.2 ( ) * ( ) 33.4 ( ) ( ) 35.7 ( ) All Students N=2,090 Drinkers N=739 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions. 30

35 Frequency of Binge Drinking in the Last Month Among All Students In Peel, 6% of students report binge drinking once in the month prior to the survey, 4% report binge drinking two to three times, and 1% report binge drinking four or more times in the same time period. There are no differences by sex or grade. Table 2.15 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Last Month) among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Not in the last month/did not 89.0 ( ) 80.2 ( ) drink alcohol in the past year Once 6.0 ( ) 8.9 ( ) Two to three times 3.7* ( ) 7.2 ( ) Four or more times 1.4* ( ) 3.8 ( ) N=2,090; Ontario N=10,187 *Use estimate with caution Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions. Table 2.16 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Last Month) among Students in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Male Female Not in the last month/did not 87.9 ( ) 90.1 ( ) drink alcohol in the last year Once 6.1* ( ) 5.9* ( ) Two to three times 4.2* ( ) 3.2* ( ) Four or more times 1.8* ( ) NR N=2,090 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions. 31

36 Table 2.17 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Last Month) among Students in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Male Female Not in the last month/did not 87.9 ( ) 90.1 ( ) drink alcohol in the last year Once 6.1* ( ) 5.9* ( ) Two to three times 4.2* ( ) 3.2* ( ) Four or more times 1.8* ( ) NR N=2,090 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions. Table 2.18 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Last Month) among Students in Grades 7-12 by Grade, Peel, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Not in the last month/did not drink alcohol in the last year Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Once NR NR 5.0* ( ) 5.5* ( ) 7.0* ( ) 12.9* ( ) Two to three times NR NR NR 5.7* ( ) 6.5* ( ) 6.3* ( ) Four times or more NR NR NR NR NR NR N=2,085 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions. 32

37 Among Drinkers Among Peel students in grades 7-12 who drank alcohol in the last 12 months, 29% report binge drinking in the month prior to the survey compared to 39% of Ontario students. In the month prior to the survey, 16% of past year drinkers in Peel report binge drinking once, 10% report binge drinking two to three times, and 4% report binge drinking four or more times. Table 2.19 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Last Month) among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Frequency Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Peel Ontario Not in the last month 70.6 ( ) 60.6 ( ) Once 15.9 ( ) 17.5 ( ) Two to three times 9.9 ( ) 14.3 ( ) Four or more times 3.6* ( ) 7.6 ( ) Peel N=739; Ontario N=4,173 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. *Use estimate with caution Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions in last month. 33

38 Figure 2.4 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Last Month) among Past Year Drinkers± in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Not in the past month Once in past month times per month times per month 3.6* Per cent of past year drinkers Peel Ontario Peel N=739 ; Ontario N=4,173 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. * Use estimate with caution Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions in last month. 34

39 Table 2.20 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Last Month) among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel 2013 Frequency Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Male Female Not in the last month 66.5 ( ) 74.7 ( ) Once 16.9 ( ) 15.0 ( ) Two to three times 11.6* ( ) 8.1* ( ) Four or more times 5.1* ( ) NR N=739 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions. Table 2.21 Frequency of Binge Drinking (Last Month) among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12 by Grade, Peel 2013 Frequency Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Not in the last month 96.4 ( ) 88.9 ( ) 80.1 ( ) 70.8 ( ) 66.6 ( ) 64.3 ( ) Once NR NR 16.2* ( ) 13.6* ( ) 13.9* ( ) 20.9 ( ) Two to three times NR NR NR 14.2* ( ) 12.9* ( ) 10.3* ( ) Four or more times NR NR NR NR NR NR N=739 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Note: Binge drinking refers to consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions. 35

40 GETTING DRUNK About one in ten Peel students (9%) in grades 7-12 report getting drunk at least once in the month before the survey. Getting drunk is significantly lower among Peel students compared to Ontario students (18%). Among drinkers, one-quarter of Peel students (24%) and over one-third of Ontario students (35%) report getting drunk in the month before the survey. In Peel, there are no significant differences by sex or grade. Survey Question: How many times in the last 4 weeks has alcohol made you drunk (that is, you had so much to drink that you could not do what you wanted to do, or you threw up)? Table 2.22 Proportion of Students in Grades 7-12 who Report Getting Drunk in the Last Month among All Students and Past Year Drinkers, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Per cent of students (95% CI) All Students Drinkers Peel 9.2 ( ) 24.2 ( ) Ontario 17.6 ( ) 35.1 ( ) Peel N=2,086; Ontario N=10,183 Peel N=736; Ontario N=4,159 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 36

41 Table 2.23 Proportion of Students in Grades 7-12 who Report Getting Drunk in the Last Month among All Students, and Past Year Drinkers by Sex and Grade, Peel, 2013 Per cent of students (95% CI) All Students Drinkers Sex Male 9.9* ( ) 27.4 ( ) Female 8.4* ( ) 21.1 ( ) Grade Grade 7 NR NR Grade 8 NR NR Grade 9 NR 17.7* ( ) Grade * ( ) 25.1* ( ) Grade * ( ) 27.9* ( ) Grade * ( ) 28.4* ( ) N=2,086 N=736 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers 37

42 NUMBER OF DRINKS CONSUMED There is variation in the amount of alcohol students report drinking on a typical occasion. Among drinkers in Peel, 77% report consuming two or more drinks on a typical occasion when drinking compared to 83% of Ontario students. One fifth of Peel students (21%) report drinking five or more drinks on a typical occasion. Males are more likely to report consuming five drinks or more on a typical occasion while drinking, compared to females (27% vs. 15%, respectively). Survey Question: How many drinks containing alcohol do you have on a typical day when you are drinking? Table 2.24 Usual Number of Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion When Drinking among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Number of drinks Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Peel Ontario 1 drink 22.6 ( ) 17.1 ( ) 2 to 3 drinks 18.6 ( ) 21.7 ( ) 4 drinks 11.4 ( ) 13.8 ( ) 5 to 7 drinks 13.3 ( ) 19.3 ( ) 8 or more drinks 8.0 ( ) 10.0 ( ) Peel N=734; Ontario N= 4,136 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 38

43 Figure 2.5 Usual Number of Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion When Drinking among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, Per cent of past year drinkers drink 2-3 drinks 4 drinks 5-7 drinks 8+ drinks Number of drinks Peel Ontario Peel N=734; Ontario N= 4,136 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like 39

44 Table 2.25 Usual Number of Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion When Drinking among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, 2013 Number of drinks Per cent of drinkers (95% CI) Male Female 1 drink 20.5 ( ) 24.7 ( ) 2 to 3 drinks 18.6 ( ) 18.5 ( ) 4 drinks 9.3* ( ) 13.4 ( ) 5 to 7 drinks 16.4 ( ) 10.3 ( ) 8 or more drinks 10.9* ( ) 5.1* ( ) Asked of half the sample N=734 *Use estimate with caution Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 40

45 Figure 2.6 Usual Number of Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion When Drinking among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, Per cent of past year drinkers * * 5.1* 0 1 drink 2-3 drinks 4 drinks 5-7 drinks 8+ drinks Number of Drinks Male Female Asked of half the sample N=734 *Use estimate with caution Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 41

46 Table 2.26 Usual Number of Drinks Consumed on a Typical Occasion When Drinking among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12 by Grade, Peel, 2013 Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Number of drinks Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 1 drink NR 35.8* ( ) 34.6* ( ) 23.4 ( ) 20.3 ( ) 17.1* ( ) 2 to 3 drinks NR NR 18.9* ( ) 21.7 ( ) 20.4 ( ) 19.6* ( ) 4 drinks NR NR NR 14.4* ( ) 15.4* ( ) 12.0* ( ) NR NR NR 10.6* 11.7* to 7 drinks 8 or more drinks ( ) NR NR NR 15.1* ( ) ( ) 10.5* ( ) ( ) 8.0 ( ) Asked of half the sample N=739 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 42

47 SOURCE OF ALCOHOL The most common source of alcohol identified by Peel students in grades 7-12 is Somebody else gave it to me (50%). Other sources of alcohol include giving somebody else money to buy it (17%), and taking it from home (13%). This is similar to Ontario students overall. Survey Question: In the last 12 months, how did you usually get the alcohol you drank? (Please choose one answer only.) Table 2.27 Usual Source of Alcohol among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Usual Source Per cent of drinkers (95% CI) Peel Ontario Someone gave it to me 49.7 ( ) 39.4 ( ) I gave someone else money to buy it 17.0 ( ) 24.9 ( ) I took it from home 13.1 ( ) 12.3 ( ) I got it some other way 5.3 ( ) 3.7 ( ) I don't remember 5.1* ( ) 5.8 ( ) Took it from somewhere else NR 0.6* ( Bought it from a liquor store NR 3.9* ( ) Bought it from a beer store NR 1.7* ( ) Bought it from restaurant/bar/club NR 1.3* ( ) Asked of half the sample Peel N=372; Ontario N= 1,917 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 43

48 Figure 2.7 Usual Source of Alcohol among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Someone gave it to me I gave someone else money to buy it I took it from home I got it some other way I don't remember * Per cent of past year drinkers Peel Ontario Asked of half the sample Peel N=372; Ontario N= 1,917 *Use estimate with caution Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 44

49 Table 2.28 Usual Source of Alcohol among Past Year Drinkers in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, 2013 Source of alcohol Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Male Female Someone gave it to me 47.3 ( ) 52.1 ( ) I gave someone else money to buy it 18.1* ( ) 16.0* ( ) I took it from home 11.1* ( ) 15.0 ( ) I got it some other way 6.8* ( ) 3.7* ( ) I don't remember 7.3* ( ) NR Asked of half the sample N=372 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 45

50 GRADE FIRST TRIED ALCOHOL In Peel, 37% of students who drank alcohol in their lifetime report trying it before entering high school. However, the largest proportion of students tried alcohol for the first time in Grade 9 (23%). This is similar to Ontario (24%). There is no difference by sex. Survey Question: When (if ever) did you first drink more than just a sip of alcohol? Table 2.29 Grade Consumed First Drink among Students in Grades 7-12 who Drank Alcohol at Least Once in Lifetime, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Grade Per cent of students who drank in lifetime (95% CI) Peel Ontario Grade 6 or earlier 12.8 ( ) 12.2 ( ) Grade ( ) 9.7 (8-11.7) Grade ( ) 18.7 ( ) Grade ( ) 24.3 ( ) Grade ( ) 17.5 ( ) Grade ( ) 8.5 ( ) Grade ( ) 2.4 ( ) Asked of half the sample Peel N=807; Ontario N= 4,441 Excludes those who only had a sip of alcohol and who report never drinking in lifetime. 46

51 Table 2.30 Grade Consumed First Drink among Students in Grade 7-12 who Drank Alcohol at Least Once in Lifetime by Sex, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Grade Per cent of students who drank in lifetime (95% CI) Male Female Grade 6 or earlier 13.7 ( ) 11.9 ( ) Grade ( ) 10.0 ( ) Grade ( ) 15.3* ( ) Grade ( ) 22.3 ( ) Grade * ( ) 16.8 ( ) Grade * ( ) 8.3* ( ) Grade ( ) 3.8* ( ) Asked of half the sample N=807 *Use estimate with caution; NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Excludes those who only had a sip of alcohol and who report never drinking in lifetime. 47

52 Grade First Drank Enough Alcohol to Feel Drunk In Peel, 20% of grade 9-12 students who tried alcohol at one point in their lifetime, report first getting drunk in Grade 9. This is similar to Ontario (21%). There is no difference by sex. Survey Question: When (if ever) did you first drink enough alcohol to feel drunk? Table 2.31 Grade First Got Drunk among Students in Grades 9-12 who Drank Alcohol at Least Once in Lifetime, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Grade Per cent of students who drank in lifetime (95% CI) Peel Ontario Grade 6 or earlier NR 2.8*( ) Grade 7 1.9*( ) 4.9*( ) Grade 8 7.1*( ) 9.8 ( ) Grade ( ) 21.0 ( ) Grade ( ) 17.0 ( ) Grade *( ) 11.1 ( ) Grade 12 NR 3.4 ( ) Never been drunk 41.7 ( ) 30.0 ( ) Asked of half the sample Peel N=424; Ontario N=2,099 Excludes those who only had a sip of alcohol and who report never drinking in lifetime. 48

53 Table 2.32 Grade First Got Drunk among Students in Grades 9-12 who Drank Alcohol at Least Once in Lifetime by Sex, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Grade Per cent of students who drank in lifetime (95% CI) Male Female Grade 6 or earlier NR NR Grade 7 NR NR Grade 8 NR 9.1* ( ) Grade * ( ) 19.1* ( ) Grade * ( ) 14.5 ( ) Grade * ( ) 10.0* ( ) Grade 12 NR NR Asked of half the sample N=424 *Use estimate with caution; NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Excludes those who only had a sip of alcohol and who report never drinking in lifetime. 49

54 TRIED ALCOHOL FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THE PAST YEAR In Peel, 14% of all grade 7-12 students, and 21% of past year drinkers tried alcohol for the first time in the previous year before the survey. This is similar to Ontario. There is no difference by sex. Survey Question: In the last 12 months, have you tried alcohol (beer, wine or liquor) for the very first time? Table 2.33 Per cent of Students in Grades 7-12 who Tried Alcohol For The First Time in the Previous 12 Months among All Students and Past Year Drinkers, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Per cent of students (95% CI) All Students Drinkers Peel 9.9 ( ) 20.9 ( ) Ontario 6.1 ( ) 21.7 ( ) Asked of half the sample Peel N= 1,040; Ontario N=4,761 Peel N=377; Ontario N=1,957 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 50

55 Table 2.34 Per cent of Students in Grades 7-12 who Tried Alcohol For The First Time in the Previous 12 Months among All Students and Past Year Drinkers by Sex and Grade, Peel, 2013 Per cent of students (95% CI) All Students Drinkers Sex Male 14.3 ( ) 22.0 ( ) Female 14.2 ( ) 19.8 ( ) Grade * ( ) NR * ( ) NR * ( ) 27.5* ( ) * ( ) 25.1 ( ) * ( ) 18.5* ( ) * ( ) 12.4 * ( ) Asked of half the sample N= 1,040 N=377 Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers 51

56 CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES Alcohol and Energy Drinks Among All Students In Peel, 12% of students in grades 7-12 report drinking alcohol with energy drinks at least once in the last 12 months. This is similar to Ontario students (16%). There is no difference by sex; however consumption of these substances together increases by grade. Survey Question: In the last 12 months, how often did you drink an energy drink mixed with alcohol, such as Red Bull mixed with alcohol, Rock Star + vodka, or other brands? Table 2.35 Consumption of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drinks among Students in Grades 7-12, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Peel Ontario Did not consume both on 87.6 ( ) 84.1 ( ) same occasion 1-2 times 7.2* ( ) 9.3 ( ) 3-5 times 3.0* ( ) 2.7 ( ) 6 times or more 2.1 ( ) 3.9* ( ) Asked of half the sample Peel N=1,041; Ontario N=4,772 *Use estimate with caution 52

57 Table 2.36 Consumption of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drinks among Students in Grades 7-12 by Sex, Peel, 2013 Frequency Per cent of all students (95% CI) Did not consume both on same occasion Male Female 85.8 ( ) 89.6 ( ) 1-2 times 8.5* ( ) 5.8* ( ) 3-5 times 3.2* ( ) 2.8* ( ) 6 times or more NR NR Asked of half the sample N=1,041 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Table 2.37 Consumption of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drinks among Grade 7-12 Students by Grade, Peel, 2013 Frequency Did not consume on same occasion 1-2 times 1.7* Per cent of all students (95% CI) Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 7.9* 7.3* * 12.8 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2.9* 5.6* 3-5 times NR NR NR 2.8* ( ) 6 times or more NR NR NR 3.2* ( ) ( ) 4.1* ( ) Asked of half the sample N=1,041 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers ( ) 9.6* ( ) 53

58 Among Past Year Drinkers In Peel, over one quarter (27%) of past year drinkers report consuming alcohol with energy drinks during the last 12 months. This is similar to what is observed in Ontario (29%). There are no differences by sex or grade. Table 2.38 Consumption of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drinks among Past Year Drinkers, Peel and Ontario, 2013 Frequency Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Peel Ontario Did not consume alcohol 73.0 ( ) 70.9 ( ) mixed with energy drinks 1-2 times 15.9 ( ) 16.5 ( ) 3-5 times 6.7* ( ) 5.0 ( ) 6 times or more 4.4* ( ) 7.6* ( ) Asked of half the sample Peel N=378; Ontario N= 1,966 *Use estimate with caution Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. Table 2.39 Consumption of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drinks among Past Year Drinkers by Sex, Peel, 2013 Frequency Per cent of past year drinkers (95% CI) Did not consume both on same occasion Male Female 70.4 ( ) 75.6 ( ) 1-2 times 18.0* ( ) 13.7* ( ) 3-5 times 7.1* ( ) 6.3* ( ) 6 times or more NR NR Asked of half the sample N=378 *Use estimate with caution NR=Not releasable due to small numbers Excludes students who never had an alcoholic drink and who only had a sip to see what it was like. 54