10 Essential Blood Tests PART 2

Transcription

1 Presents 10 Essential Blood Tests PART 2 The Blood Chemistry Webinars With DR. DICKEN WEATHERBY Creator of the Blood Chemistry Software Heart Disease, Inflammation, & Essential Blood Tests #2 to #4: Fibrinogen, C-Reactive protein, and Homocysteine, 1

2 Essential Test #2 Fibrinogen 2

3 Fibrinogen- Why is it important? 1.Levels increase with tissue inflammation or tissue destruction. 2.It is vital part of the coagulation process 3.Higher levels tip in the favor of clot formation 4.This can happen at the site of ruptured coronary plaque 5.Can lead to MI if dislodged 6. fibrinogen can also lead to growth of plaque formation Fibrinogen- Optimal Range mg/dL or µmol/l 3

4 Elevated Levels of Fibrinogen 1. Cardiovascular Disease: M.I. Coronary Heart Disease 2. Cancer 3. Medications Fibrinogen: Summary Fibrinogen levels should be checked in patients at risk for heart disease, stroke, and with cancer, especially colon cancer Try and reduce patients fibrinogen levels to around mg/dl or µmol/l This may be difficult but any reduction in fibrinogen may correlate with a reduced risk of heart attack, stroke, an cancer 4

5 Essential Test #3 C-Reactive protein C-Reactive Protein Optimal Ranges Men: <0.55 mg/l Women <1.5 mg/l 5

6 What causes increased CRP? Diet Peridontal Disease Smoking High Blood Presure Synthetic Female Hormones Elevated CRP Levels Increased risk of cardiovascular events heart disease and stroke Increased Alzheimer s risk Depression Diabetes 6

7 Essential Test #4 Homocysteine Causes of Elevated Homocysteine B-vitamin deficiency Genetic factors Remethylation deficits increasing age kidney impairment 7

8 Homocysteine overload increases the risk of disease in healthy people and magnifies adverse effects in those with pre-existing conditions. Homocysteine- Optimal Ranges Men: <7.2 μmol/l Women <7.2 μmol/l 8

9 Diseases Associated with Elevated Homocysteine Cardiovascular disease: Heart attacks and atherosclerosis Stroke Colon cancer Cervical cancer Depression Alzheimer s disease Homocysteine - Summary Elevated Homocysteine associated with a growing list of diseases Test in all your adult patients Keep levels below 7.2 Modulate elevated levels with B6, B12, folate and trimethylclycine 9

10 Essential Test #5: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Thyroid Optimal Ranges Optimal Range TSH Total T4 Total T3 Free T3 Free T4 Reverse T miu/l µg/dl nmol/l ng/dl nmol/l ng/dl pg/dl ng/dl pmol/l ng/dl ng/ml 10

11 Thyroid Dysfunction Hypothyroidism Primary Secondary T4 under conversion (low T3 Syndrome) Iodine insufficiency Selenium insufficiency Hyperthyroidism Primary Hypothyroidism - Pattern TSH > 2.0 Normal or decreased total T4 level (<6.0 mcg/dl) Normal or decreased T-3 (<90 ng/dl) Normal or decreased free T4 (<1.0 ng/dl), Normal or decreased free T3 (<3.0 ng/dl or 300 pg/dl) Thyroid antibodies often elevated 11

12 Secondary Hypothyroidism - Pattern A decreased TSH (<1.30) Normal or decreased total T4 level (<6.0 mcg/dl) Normal or decreased T-3 (<90 ng/dl) Normal or decreased free T4 (<1.0 ng/dl), Normal or decreased free T3 (<3.0 ng/dl or 300 pg/dl) Symptoms of hypothyroidism T4 Conversion Hypothyroidism Low T3 Syndrome Pattern Normal TSH Low total T3 (<90) Low free T3 (<3.00), Normal total T4 Normal free T4 Increased reverse T3 (>25) 12

13 Thyroid Antibodies Anti-thyroglobulin antibody (Tg- Ab) Thyroid Receptor antibodies (TR- Ab and newer TSI) Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO Ab) Essential Test #6 Hemoglobin A1C 13

14 Hemoglobin A1C- Background Measures glycosolation in RBCs The longer blood glucose remains high the greater the glycosolation HGBA1C reflects average glucose control over past 120 days Hemoglobin A1C Optimal Range Ideal to keep Hemoglobin A1C between % 14

15 Hemoglobin A1C Why is it important? Monitoring long-term glucose control in diabetics and prediabetics Evaluating Cardiac risk Essential Test #7 Vitamin D 15

16 Vitamin D - Role Skeletal system Glucose metabolism Cardiovascular system Immune system Adrenal hormone synthesis Vitamin D Reference Ranges Assess Vitamin D by checking 25(OH) vitamin D Deficient levels: <20 ng/ml (<50 nmol/l) Insufficient levels: 20 40ng/ml ( nmol/l) Optimal levels: ng/ml ( nmol/l) Excess levels: >100 ng/ml (>250 nmol/l) 16

17 Essential Tests #8 - #10 Hormone Testing DHEA, Estradiol, and Testosterone Essential Blood test #8 DHEA-S 17

18 DHEA Reference Ranges Normal reference range: Men: μg/dl Women: μg/dl Optimal reference range: Men: μg/dl Women: μg/dl Low DHEA Levels Mood disorders Sexual dysfunction Coronary artery disease Osteoporosis Increased insulin resistance 18

19 Essential Blood test #9 Estradiol Estradiol- Reference Ranges Normal reference range: Men: <54 pg/ml Women: pg/ml Optimal reference range: Men: pg/ml Women pg/ml 19

20 Estradiol in Women Low estradiol increases risk of osteoporosis and bone fracture Estradiol may improve quality of life in menopausal women Migraine headaches Increased levels of estradiol in woman suggest an increased risk of breast or endometrial cancer Estradiol and Men low levels of estradiol in men affect bone density and risk of fractures if too low Low estradiol increase risk of osteoporosis High estradiol and coronary artery disease 20

21 Essential Blood test #10 Free Testosterone Free Testosterone- Reference Ranges Normal reference range: Men: pg/ml Women: pg/ml Optimal reference range: Men: pg/ml Women: pg/ml 21

22 Low Testosterone Levels in Men Diminished libido Erectile dysfunction Loss of muscle tone Increased abdominal fat Low bone density Metabolic syndrome Diabetes Heart disease Low testosterone as a major cardiac risk factor Age, HDL levels, and free testosterone Increased risk of stroke Heart failure Increased glycation 22

23 Importance of testosterone in Women Muscle strength Bone mass Sexual function Mood Body composition SUMMARY 23

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