Lesson Plan 13 Food, Exercise & Energy

Transcription

1 Lesson Plan 13 Food, Exercise & Energy Brief description Students use nutrition information to calculate the number of teaspoons of fat and sugar in their favourite food and drinks. Using tables provided, they convert the energy content into an equivalent amount of exercise. For example, 600ml lemonade = 18 tsps sugar, 1220 kilojoules, approx. 45 min running! They compare these results to their daily energy requirements. Duration: Year level: Topics: Preparation: Extensions: minutes total (two sessions) Middle to upper primary Nutrition, energy, researching and communicating 5 to 10 minutes ART: Use the results to design an educational poster about food energy and exercise Source istock Overview This activity can be conducted in numerous ways depending on age and ability please consider the individual needs of your class when planning and allocating times. Session 1: Introduce lesson (20 30 min) Whole class Perform Teacher Demonstration 13* (10 15 min) Sugar Shocker * download from abc.net.au/science/surfingscientist Discussion Whole Class Research Nutrition Information (10 15 min) Select a range of foods Session 2 : Calculate sugar, fat and energy content (20 30 min) Individual Calculate sugar, fat and energy content and (30 60 min) equivalents Investigate and discuss possible ways to represent results graphically and design posters Whole Class Discussion (10 15 min) Lesson 13 Food, Exercise & Energy Page 1

2 Materials and equipment Teacher Demonstration Copy of Sugar Shocker available at: abc.net.au/science/surfingscientist/teachstuff Metric teaspoon(s) Drinking glass Sugar Oil (cheap vegetable is fine) Softdrink (two varieties if possible) Chips (two varieties if possible) Softdrink (two varieties if possible) Chocolate bar (two varieties if possible) Poster Design The following are suggestions are all optional students may be able to bring some of these items from home: Magazines / newspapers (for clippings) Digital camera (to photograph foods, sugar, fat content) Poster sized paper / cardboard Printer Pens, pencils, paints, coloured paper Chips and a drink There are 18 teaspoons of sugar in one 600 ml bottle of softdrink and 18 ml of fat in one 50 packet of chips and a total of 2270 kilojoules Lesson 13 Food, Exercise & Energy Page 2

3 Objectives Students prior knowledge No prior knowledge is required or assumed for this lesson plan. Science / mathematics skills Students will: Use the Table 1: Estimated Energy Requirements to determine the amount boy or girl of average weight and height for a particular age and gender requires every day Use nutrition labels or other sources of information to determine the fat, sugar and energy content per serving of various food and drinks (eg internet resource such Calorie King) Convert sugar and fat content into number of teaspoons using the following conversion factors: 1 tspn of white sugar weighs 4 grams 1 tspn of fat (oil) weighs 4.2 grams Use Table 2: Energy used in various activities or Table 2a: Energy Rates to convert energy content into minutes of various types of exercise for a particular weight Science / nutrition concepts Humans need to eat food for energy and essential nutrients The amount of energy in foods varies greatly The amount of other nutrients in food varies greatly The amount of energy different people need to consume per day varies greatly between individuals Exercise consumes large amounts of energy Every person should get plenty of exercise everyday Positive attitudes Students will Appreciate the value of research skills for making informed choices Develop an appreciation for the complexity of human nutrition Develop and appreciation for the relationship between food energy (energy in) and exercise energy (energy out) Lesson 13 Food, Exercise & Energy Page 3

4 Procedure Session1: Teacher Demonstration and discussion (20 30 min) Perform and discuss the Sugar Shocker teacher demonstration Convert the energy content into an exercise equivalent using either the formula or table provided (see Teacher Notes or Energy Fact Sheet) Repeat the demonstration to determine the sugar and/or fat (oil) content for a packet of crisps and/or a chocolate bar (use a medicine cup to show students the amount of fat/oil) Discuss the variety of nutrients we need in our diet the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia lists 28 essential vitamins and minerals Compare the energy content and nutritional value of snack foods and softdrinks to estimated daily energy requirements Example: Chips and a Drink The combined energy in one 600ml bottle of softdrink (~1200 kj) and one 50g packet of potato chips (~1050kJ) is approximately 2250 kj this represents almost one third (27%) of a moderately active 8 year old boy s total daily energy requirements but without providing any other essential vitamins or minerals Discuss the student task eg: research the nutrition information (by bringing in packets or labels, or by other means) of some food and drink products and bring them to class Session 2: Convert sugar, fat and energy values (20 30 min) Individual/Groups (15 20 min) Students use the nutrition information they have collected to convert sugar and fat content into number of teaspoons Next they convert the energy content into an equivalent amount of energy using the tables provided or using the formula Discuss possible ways to represent values Whole Class (10 15 min) Examples might include sugar cubes to represent teaspoons sugar content blocks of butter to represent fat content Design Energy Posters Group or individual (30 45 min) Finish as homework or as an art exercise Discuss the lesson Whole Class (5 10 min) Discuss the class findings and any changes to attitudes to food and eating behaviour Lesson 13 Food, Exercise & Energy Page 4

5 Teacher s notes Table 1: Estimated Daily Energy Requirements The National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia provides Estimated Daily Energy Requirements for use in Australia and New Zealand. They should be used cautiously and as a guide only. Individual differences and variations in levels of physical activity make predicting an individual s daily energy requirements extremely difficult. The estimates provided are for individuals of average height and healthy weight. Girls Age Weight Height BMR Little Light Moderate Heavy Vigorous (kg) (cm) Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Boys Age Weight Height BMR Little Light Moderate Heavy Vigorous (kg) (cm) Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Source: Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand, 2006 National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Lesson 13 Food, Exercise & Energy Page 5

6 Energy expenditure for various activities (approx.) Activity Energy (kj/kg/h) Sitting quietly 1.7 Writing 1.7 Standing relaxed 2.1 Driving a car 3.8 Vacuuming 11.3 Walking rapidly 14.2 Running 29.3 Swimming (4km/hour) 33 Rowing in a race 67 Source: Better Health Channel Researching sugar, fat and energy content Nutrition labels Food manufacturer s websites Calorie King Australia food database: Source istock Lesson 13 Food, Exercise & Energy Page 6

7 ENERGY: how much do you need? Student Fact Sheet Why you need energy All your energy comes from the food and drinks you consume. Most of this energy (45-70%) is used for important functions like growing, maintaining body temperature and healing wounds. The total energy required for all these functions is called your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). The basal metabolic rate varies between individuals. Most of the remaining energy from all the food you ve eaten gets used for physical activity. TABLE 1: Estimated Energy Requirements (Kilojoules per day) Girls Running, riding, swimming and even just putting the dishes away all consume energy. It is very difficult to calculate exactly how much energy you need. Luckily, you don t need to as long as you exercise every day and eat healthy foods. Energy and health How much energy you need depends on many variables but the biggest is exercise. The more you exercise, the more energy you burn and the more food you need to eat. If you eat more than you need, your body may try store this excess energy as body fat. Boys Eating well is only half of what is necessary to be healthy. The other half is plenty of exercise every day. Nothing can replace exercise. Eating well without exercising is not healthy by itself. Fortunately, exercising is lots of fun and makes you feel great, sleep well and be happy! Using this table wisely This table is a guide only! It is based on girls and boys of average height and healthy weight for each age. Even so, the energy required per day can be very different for two very similar people! Age BMR Light Moderate Heavy BMR Light Moderate Heavy Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Activity Source: National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia

8 ENERGY: how much do use? Student Fact Sheet All your energy comes from the food and drinks you consume. Doing any physical activity consumes energy. Some types of activity burn more energy than others. Two people doing the same activity may burn different amounts of energy. This depends on many factors including each person s weight. A heavier person will burn more energy than a lighter person doing the same activity. The table below lists the energy used during various activities for people who weigh 40, 50 or 60 kilograms. They are only a guide to give an estimate of the energy consumed during exercise. TABLE 2: Energy used in various activities (kilojoules) Table 2a: Energy rates Activity Energy rate (kj/kg/h) Sitting quietly 1.7 Writing 1.7 Standing relaxed 2.1 Driving a car 3.8 Vacuuming 11.3 Walking rapidly 14.2 Running 29.3 Swimming (4km/hour) 33 Rowing in a race 67 Source: Better Health Channel Activity 40 kilograms 50 kilograms 60 kilograms 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min Sitting quietly Writing Standing relaxed Driving a car Vacuuming Walking rapidly Running Swimming (4km/hour) Rowing in a race Based on Energy Expenditure Rates (Better Health Channel

9 ENERGY IN / ENERGY OUT Select three or four types of food and do the following: 1. Write the name of the food or drink and draw the food item (or find a picture/photograph) 2. Check the nutrition label and write down the sugar, fat and energy content. 3. Convert sugar and fat content into teaspoons or millilitres. 4. Select a type of exercise from Table 2 and convert the energy content of per serving of each food (select your nearest weight and find the nearest energy) 1. Serving Size: grams / ml / ml 2. Serving Size: grams / ml / ml 3. Serving Size: grams / ml / ml

10 4. Serving Size: grams / ml / ml 5. Serving Size: grams / ml / ml 6. Serving Size: grams / ml / ml