01/07/2013. National Pupil Survey. BNF Nutrition update. Key findings. Press. Key findings. Healthy Eating Week A DAY: The eatwell plate:

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1 1/7/213 BNF National Pupil Survey As part of Healthy Eating Week 213, the BNF conducted a UKwide National Pupil Survey which investigated children s behaviour and knowledge on healthy eating, cooking and where food comes from. BNF Nutrition update Georgine Leung RNutr (Public Health) Nutrition Scientist British Nutrition Foundation Over 27, children from England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales took part in the online survey. Press Key findings A DAY: The eatwell plate: Breakfast: Fish: pressreleases/healthyeatingweek Key findings Healthy Eating Week 213 Activity: Cooking: Farm visit: Launched a series of events (competition and eseminars) and new resources for specific themes Available on Search on Twitter #HEW13 Where food comes from: pressreleases/healthyeatingweek 1

2 Odds Ratio % obese 1/7/213 Nutrition and development: short and long term consequences for health Nutrition and development: short and long term consequences for health Obesity rates are high amongst women of child-bearing age in England and Wales Having a healthy body weight is important both before and during pregnancy Age Healthy weight before and during pregnancy Risks to the baby increase with increasing maternal weight as shown in the graphs. There is a higher risk of obesity for babies born lean but experience a rapid catch-up growth gestational diabetes Maternal Outcomes by BMI Category hypertensive disorders Caesarean Section Maternal outcome postpartum haemorrhage Underweight BMI <18. Normal BMI Overweight BMI 2-3 Obese Class I BMI 3-3 Obese Class II BMI 3-4 Obese Class III BMI <4 Micronutrient intakes This table shows the percentage of girls and young women with average daily intake of vitamins and minerals from food sources below the LRNI. Girls aged years (%) Bates et al 212 Women aged years (%) Bates et al 212 Women aged 2-43 years (%) Henderson et al 22 Vitamin A Thiamin 2 Riboflavin Niacin equivalent - Vitamin B 6 1 Vitamin B Folate Vitamin C Iron Calcium Magnesium Potassium Zinc 19 4 Selenium 4 2 Not measured Iodine 21 1 Teenage girls Around 1 in 1 births are born to teenage girls. Anaemia and low vitamin D levels prevalent, particularly in minority ethnic groups. Low uptake of folic acid supplements preconception. Increased incidence of smoking. Babies more likely to have low birth weight and less likely to be breast-fed. Increased risk of postnatal depression. Calcium and vitamin D Low vitamin D status is common among teenagers and young women in the UK, particularly in some minority ethnic groups. Vitamin D is essential for healthy bones. Pregnant women are advised to take a 1µg vitamin D supplement daily as the mother s vitamin D status during pregnancy will affect the bone development of her baby. Male Female This graph shows the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency defined as serum 2(OH)D < 2nmol/l in UK individuals. (Lanham-New et al. 211) 2

3 % of mothers % of mothers 1/7/213 Iodine Important for cognitive development. Major sources include sea fish, shellfish, seaweed and milk in the UK diet. One in five (21%) of adolescent girls have intakes below LRNI. Severe deficiency causes cretinism and affects cognitive development. Breastfeeding WHO recommendation: exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Lower breastfeeding rates amongst white mums and those of lower socioeconomic status Infant formula Exclusive breastfeeding Birth 1 wk 2 wk 4 wk 6 wk 2 m 3 m 4 m m6 months Recommendations Other useful resources Have a healthy, varied diet Regular physical activity Be a healthy weight Ideally avoid alcohol Don t smoke Take a daily supplement of 4ug folic acid and 1ug vitamin D Include some oily fish Include iron-rich foods No need to eat for two Keep hydrated To download a Q & A chapter, visit: Healthy life and meal planners for women Behaviour change Many factors affect the change of behaviour to achieve a healthy weight. These can be broadly categorised into: social, psychological, eating and drinking, physical activity, our environment, physiology and the media. Social factors Help from professionals talk to your GP or join a reputable weight loss group Community activity get involved with a local sports activity Family activity set aside time for a family activity Feeling time-poor combine activity with everyday errands e.g. walking to the shops or part-way home from work (1 minute walking at a moderate pace burns approx. 6kcal) Inactive leisure time have a screen free evening every week Isolation - get friends involved in a regular activity (e.g. 3 mins of bowling can use 1kcal) 3

4 1/7/213 Psychological factors Eating and drinking factors Food literacy find out about diet from responsible sources: e.g. NHS choices, BBC health, the British Nutrition Foundation Conscious control - keep a diary of your weekly diet and exercise Realistic goals and targets - set daily goals (1 mins walk can use 3 kcals) Stress de-stress with a walk, jog or exercise class Going it alone involve friends, family and colleagues in your activity and healthy eating goals Emotional eating - keep healthy snacks with you, so you re not tempted by high fat snacks (can save 16kcal) Eating slowly pause between mouthfuls to chew and enjoy Low energy density foods at least two thirds your plate should be plant foods (can save about 4kcals per meal) Big portions don t eat straight from large packs, measure out small portions of foods like crisps or biscuits (can save 13kcal) Ready-made foods don t rely on readymeals, double what you cook from scratch and freeze half Excessive food restriction - have a little bit of what you fancy each week Physical activity factors Environmental factors Activity at work - walk around the office at least every hour (can use 12 kcals) Using active transport - check if your workplace supports bike loans or cycle-to-work schemes (3 mins of cycling can use up 29 kcals) Sedentary activities spend more time outdoors (gardening can burn 26 kcals an hour) Long periods of sitting - hide the remote control and get up to change TV channels (can burn 1 kcal over an hour ) Sedentary parenting - lead by example and get kids moving (playing with children can burn 14kcal in 3 mins) Places to be physically active - check out your local leisure centre (aerobics burns up to 4 kcals an hour) Physically active society - start a group at work to get active Cost of physical exercise go for a run or take a neighbour s dog for a walk, both are free! Sedentary work have at least one active lunch time a week, take a walk or an exercise class Motorised transport drive half-way and walk the rest, or take the bus and get off one stop early Physiological factors Media factors Fighting hunger pangs - choose high protein and high fibre foods as part of meals: lean chicken or fish; wholegrain bread or brown rice Body muscle - try a few sit ups or push ups each day (use 16 kcal in 1 mins) Healthy pregnancy and infancy be aware that what you eat and drink is being fed to your unborn baby too Tendency to be inactive don t accept that you re not an active person, be determined and make a few small manageable changes every day Measuring health by weight use a tape measure to keep a check on your waist size. Build physical stamina and fitness too Lack of sleep - try going to bed half an hour earlier each weekday Support from on-line communities get involved in a forum that interests you Web-based weight-loss resources try a reputable online weight loss resource that helps you track your progress Active gaming - choose active video games not sedentary ones (can burn 13 kcals in 3 mins) Excessive TV time make a list of a few shows you want to watch and stick to only those Positive self-image remember nobody looks like the pictures in magazines not even the models themselves most of the time! 4

5 1/7/213 BNF resources To download, visit: /behaviour/behaviour-change-andobesity For further information and resources on healthy eating, visit: