Building Healthy Dietary Patterns with Beef

Transcription

1 Building Healthy Dietary Patterns with Beef February 18, 2016 #KnowYourBeef

2 Welcome! #KnowYourBeef

3 Today s Agenda Introductions Understanding Dietary Patterns and Their Use in Providing Nutrition Advice Putting DGA into Action: Beef in Healthy Dietary Patterns Questions #KnowYourBeef

4 Speakers Mike Roussell, PhD Director of Nutrition, PEAK Performance & Adjunct Professor, Penn State University Shalene McNeill, PhD, RD Director, Food & Nutrition, National Cattlemen s Beef Association* Shelley Johnson, RD Director, Nutrition Outreach, National Cattlemen s Beef Association* 4 *A contractor to The Beef Checkoff. Every beef farmer and rancher and every beef importer contributes to a fund called the beef checkoff, which is used to support beef nutrition outreach.

5 Understanding Dietary Patterns and Their Use in Providing Nutrition Advice Michael A. Roussell, PhD

6 Conceptually, dietary patterns represent a broader picture of food and nutrient consumption, and may thus be more predictive of disease risk than individual foods or nutrients. -Frank Hu

7 Often the barrier to change is a preoccupation with individual choices

8 52% of consumers said figuring out how to eat a healthy diet is more difficult than.

9 ... completing a tax return -International Food and Information Council Foundation

10 Dietary patterns are defined as the quantities, proportions, variety or combinations of different foods and beverages in diets, and the frequency with which they are habitually consumed. Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee

11 How are Dietary Patterns Determined?

12 How do We Come Up With Them? 1. Predetermined / Consensus (HEI) 2. Data Driven (e.g. Cluster analysis) 3. Commonly Defined Groupings (e.g. Vegetarianism)

13 Western vs. Prudent Red Meat Processed Meat Refined Grains Sweets Desserts Fruits Vegetables Legumes Fish Poultry

14 Genesis of Dietary Patterns Dietary Pattern Foods Nutrients

15 Emergence of DASH Dietary

16 DASH Diet

17 4-5 Serv/d Fruits 4-5 Serv/d Vegetables 2-3 Serv/d Low/Non Fat Dairy 2 Serv/d Lean Meats, Fish, Poultry 4-5 Serv/wk Nuts, Seeds, and Legumes

18 Origins of DASH Dietary Pattern Guidance at the time was Nutrient Focused, recommending low sodium, reduced alcohol, and possibly increased potassium.

19 Origins of DASH Dietary Pattern Epidemiological Data Associated Benefits of Vegetarians diets (i.e. fiber and minerals). Other studies showed inverse relationships between blood pressure and magnesium, calcium, fiber, and protein.

20 Origins of DASH Dietary Pattern DASH Researchers wanted to look at the cumulative effect of a diet not just individual macro or micro nutrients.

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22 The Ideal Dietary Pattern

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25 The Combination Diet

26 DASH Diet Lost In Translation

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28 DASH: Lost In Translation The DASH diet has been translated into being low in red meat but the DASH diet was never about red meat. Red meat was reduced in the DASH diet as a means of meeting low total and saturated fat benchmarks 1. The mention of Red Meat occurs in the DASH methods paper and the original DASH manuscript a total of zero times. 2. Emphasis was instead place on including lean meats.

29 OMNIheart Evolution of DASH Dietary Pattern PROTEIN

30 BOLD Question? How Do You Build Clinically Efficacious Macronutrient Mixes

31 The BOLD Study Evolution of DASH Dietary Pattern

32 LDL-C Change Comparison DASH OMNI BOLD -15 BOLD+ -18

33 SBP Change Comparison HAD DASH BOLD 111 BOLD

34 Different Proteins Same Effect Food Groups, servings/d Original DASH BOLD OmniHeart Protein Diet BOLD + Fruit and Juices Vegetables Grains High Fat dairy products Low-Fat Dairy Products Legumes, nuts, seeds, and other vegetable protein Beef, Pork, & Ham Poultry & Fish Egg & Egg Products Fats and Oils

35 How Does BOLD Stack Up? Original DASH OmniHeart Protein Diet BOLD BOLD+ Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) LDL Cholesterol (mg/dl) Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg) Baseline > 130 mm Hg (n=7) (NS)

36 Type & Amount Protein BOLD-X Study Plant Protein DASH Animal Protein DASH Animal / Moderate Protein DASH

37 A Dietary Pattern Prescriptions

38 Dietary Patterns = Examples

39 Nutrition Professionals Should Be Empowered By Parameters For Healthy Eating AMDR RDA

40 a total diet that is nutrient-dense and includes: Vegetables, fruits, highfiber whole grains Fat-free or low-fat fluid milk and milk products Seafood, lean meat and poultry, eggs, soy products, nuts, seeds, and oils The Total Diet, Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010

41 Can t Lose Focus on Macronutrients, Micronutrients or Ease of Use

42 Putting Dietary Guidelines into Action: Beef in Healthy Dietary Patterns

43 43 Is there a right amount of beef in a healthy diet?

44 Considerations: Basic Nutrients Needs Optimal Health What is the amount and type of beef that could be included and still meet other nutrient targets? Is there a minimal or maximal amount that supports good health? Is there an amount of beef that could improve adherence to a healthy diet? What do nutrition authorities recommend? 44

45 DGA Emphasize Variety and Flexibility

46 46 DGA Stress Flexibility in Building Healthy Dietary Patterns, AMDR

47 IOM Recommendations (AMDR) Flexibility in Building Healthy Dietary Patterns The intake range associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, while providing adequate intakes of essential nutrients. Protein: 10-35% of total calories Fat: 20-35% of total calories Carbohydrate: 45-65% of total calories

48 USDA Food Patterns Reinforce Lean Meat s Role Healthy US-Style Healthy Med-Style Healthy US-Style Health Med-Style Cal Pro Carb 2,034 2,026 18% 18% 50% 50% Fat 32% 32% Cal for other uses Dietary Guidelines for Americans

49 Perspective: People Are Eating Protein Foods and Fresh Lean Red Meat Within Guidelines

50 Measuring Against Modeling Above Marginally below

51 51 Healthy dietary pattern for most Americans would increase vegetables

52 Populations eating the least red meat, are more likely to have insufficient iron intakes Adolescent and premenopausal females should increase consumption of foods rich in iron. Heme iron from lean meats is highly bioavailable; hence, an excellent source.

53 Gold standard evidence supports 4-6 ounces of lean red meat daily for supporting a variety of health outcomes Reference Study Design Results for Beef Flynn et al. AJCN, oz/d beef, poultry, fish Similar serum lipids in men; lower TG in women # Flynn et al. AJCN, oz/d beef, poultry, fish, pork No difference in serum lipids # Scott et al. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, oz/d lean beef, chicken, fish, Step I Similar lipid-lowering effects* Scott et al. Arch Intern Med, oz/d lean beef, chicken, fish, Step I Similar lipid-lowering effects* # Davidson et al. Arch Intern Med, 1999 Similar lipid-lowering effects # Hunninghake et al. JACN, oz/d as lean red vs. lean white, Step I Similar lipid-lowering effects # Beauchesne-Rondeau et al. AJCN, 2003 Similar lipid-lowering effects* Melanson et al. Nutrition, 2003 Beef vs. chicken, indiv. hypocaloric diets Similar lipid-lowering effects** Hodgson et al. AJCN, 2006 Lean red meat partial carb substitution Lower systolic blood pressure with pro Mahon et al. JACN, RCTs consistently show healthy diets with 6 oz/d 4-6 lean red ounces vs. lean white meat, of Step (lean) red I meat improves: cholesterol 6 oz/d lean beef, chicken, white fish, Step I blood pressure weight management Lacto-ovo veg basal diet plus 250 kcal/d beef, chicken or carb/fat foods Similar lipid-lowering effects** Roussell et al. AJCN, g, 113g, 153g/d lean beef, in DASH, HAD control diets Similar lipid-lowering effects 53 Roussell et al. J Hum Hypertens, g, 113g, 153g/d lean beef, in DASH, 153g/d significantly decreased systolic HAD control diets # blood pressure Free Living Study; * Subjects only males; **Subjects only females.

54 Nutritionally Balanced Flexible Dietary Patterns with the AMDR Healthy US (18%) Protein (22%) Protein+ (26%) Protein++ (30%) egetables (c-eq/day) Dark-green vegetables (c-eq/wk) Red & orange vegetables (c-eq/wk) Legumes (beans & peas) (c-eq/wk) Starchy vegetables (c-eq/wk) Other vegetables (c-eq/wk) ruit (c-eq/day) rains (oz-eq/day) Whole grains (oz-eq/day) Refined grains (oz-eq/day) airy (c-eq/day) rotein Foods (oz-eq/day) Seafood (oz-eq/wk) Meats, poultry, eggs (oz-eq/wk) Nuts, seeds, soy (oz-eq/wk) ils (g/day) alories for Other Uses

55 Nutritionally Balanced Flexible Dietary Patterns with the AMDR Healthy US (18%) Protein (22%) Protein+ (26%) Protein++ (30%) egetables (c-eq/day) Dark-green vegetables (c-eq/wk) Red & orange vegetables (c-eq/wk) Legumes (beans & peas) (c-eq/wk) Starchy vegetables (c-eq/wk) Other vegetables (c-eq/wk) Patterns are Not ruit (c-eq/day) rains (oz-eq/day) Prescriptions Whole grains (oz-eq/day) Refined grains (oz-eq/day) airy (c-eq/day) rotein Foods (oz-eq/day) Seafood (oz-eq/wk) Meats, poultry, eggs (oz-eq/wk) Nuts, seeds, soy (oz-eq/wk) ils (g/day) alories for Other Uses

56 56 Is there a right amount of How to enjoy beef in a healthy diet?

57 The Opportunity for Registered Dietitians Help Educate Americans on How to Enjoy Beef in Healthy Dietary Patterns to Meet the Dietary Guidelines 57

58 HOW: Choose Leaner Cuts More Often Since 1980 Dietary Guidelines for Americans were issued, external fat on beef has decreased by 81% Total fat for a trimmed Sirloin Steak declined 35% from 1963 to 2010

59 HOW: Choose Leaner Cuts More Often 65% of beef cuts in the fresh meat case are lean. Many of Americans favorite cuts such as Tenderloin, Strip Steak and 93 percent lean Ground Beef are lean. Definition of Lean Per 100g (3.5 oz) cooked serving <10 g total fat < 4.5 g saturated fat < 95 mg cholesterol Popular Beef Cuts are Leaner Than You Thought Most popular lean beef steaks chosen at restaurants: Top Sirloin Tenderloin (Filet Mignon or Medallions) Top Loin (Strip or New York steak) Most popular lean beef steaks in the meat case: Top Loin (Strip or New York steak) Top Round steak Top Sirloin Fresh Look Marketing Group, Total US Beef, 52 Weeks Ending 9/25/2011

60 Enjoying Lean Beef in a Variety of Healthy Dietary Patterns 60 60

61 Enjoying Lean Beef in a Variety of Healthy Dietary Patterns: Complementary not Competitive 61

62 How: Shifting and Substituting Nutrient Dense in Place of Nutrient Poor

63 Enjoying Lean Beef to Meet DGA Realistic, Small Shifts Over Time Choose lean beef more often Pair lean beef with fruits, vegetables and whole grains Substitute nutrient-dense, highquality protein like lean beef for nutrient-poor foods (e.g., refined grains, added sugar) Improved satiety Better compliance

64 64 Questions?

65 Thank You! Shelley Johnson, RD National Cattlemen s Beef Association, A Contractor to the Beef Checkoff BeefNutrition.org twitter.com/beefrd