Dairy, Saturated Fat and Cardiometabolic Disease

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1 Dairy, Saturated Fat and Cardiometabolic Disease Anne Mullen, BSc, PhD, FHEA, RD Director of Nutrition at The Dairy Council February Tel: Web: Twitter: TheDairyCouncil 210 High Holborn, London WC1V 7EP

2 Overview Introduction to TDC/AHDB Dairy research work Dairy, Saturated Fat & Cardiometabolic Health Context Evidence Outlook

3 Who we are Non-profit making organisation with a remit to address human health and disease issues relating to dairy Staffed by registered dietitians and registered nutritionists Provide information on the health benefits of dairy to consumers, healthcare professionals, media and industry Engage with opinion formers in clinical and public health Liaise with international health and nutrition bodies Facilitate dairy and human nutrition research in partnership with organisations such as AHDB Dairy [cardiovascular disease, obesity, hormones, healthy ageing, environmental sustainability]

4 What we do Available to download from our website or order from our office

5 What we do

6 What we do

7 What we do

8 What we do

9 What we do

10 What we do

11 What we do

12 What we do

13 What we do

14 What we do

15 What we do

16 What we do

17 What we do

18 What we do

19 SATURATED FAT ADVICE UNCLEAR BBC News, 17 th March 2014 NO LINK FOUND BETWEEN SATURATED FAT AND HEART DISEASE The Telegraph, 18 th March 2014 A DAIRY FAT SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES HEART DISEASE RISK Mail Online, 17 th March 2014 SPREAD THE WORD - BUTTER IS BACK IN FAVOUR. BUT FOR HOW LONG? The Telegraph, 10 th February 2015

20 Cardiometabolic disease Cardiovascular Disease: Hypertension Stroke Atherosclerosis Coronary Heart Disease Arteriosclerosis Peripheral Arterial Disease Metabolic Syndrome: Obesity Insulin Resistance Type 2 Diabetes CHD leading cause of death in the UK 1 in six men and 1 in 10 women die from CHD; socioeconomic, geographical, ethnic divides UK CHD death rates above EU average Over 2.7million people have diabetes in England NHS 14bn/yr on treating T2DM mostly on avoidable complications T2DM a major risk factor for CHD

21 Cardiometabolic disease some dairy

22 Cardiometabolic disease Assumption 1: Dietary Fat is associated with Cardiometabolic Disease

23 Kromhaut (1999) Seven Countries Study Classic diet-heart hypothesis

24 Kromhaut (1999) Seven Countries Study

25 Siri-Tarino et al (2010) Saturated Fat, CHD/Stroke CHD & SFA RR 1.07 no association Stroke & SFA RR 0.81 no association

26 Coronary outcomes and. SFA: no association MUFA: no association n-3 LC PUFA: -ve association n-6 PUFA: no association TFA: +ve association Chowdhury et al (2014)

27 De Souza et al (2015)

28 Cardiometabolic disease Assumption 1: Dietary Fat is associated with Cardiometabolic Disease eminence-based rather than evidence-based

29 not all saturated fatty acids are created equal Chowdhury et al (2014)

30 Ronald P Mensink et al. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77: by American Society for Nutrition

31 Cardiometabolic disease Assumption 1: Dietary Fat is associated with Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors but not Clinical Outcomes; Not all saturated fats behave the same

32 Cardiometabolic disease Assumption 1: Dietary Fat is associated with Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors but not Clinical Outcomes; Not all saturated fats behave the same Assumption 2: Dairy is a source of saturated fat, therefore.

33 Soedamah-Muthu et al (2011) Milk and CVD RR 0.94 association

34 Soedamah-Muthu et al (2011) Milk and CHD RR 1.00 no association

35 Soedamah-Muthu et al (2011) Milk and Stroke RR 0.87 no significant association

36 Soedamah-Muthu et al (2012) Dairy and Hypertension RR 0.97 association

37 Dairy and T2DM Chen et al (2014)

38 Yogurt and T2DM Chen et al (2014)

39 Cardiometabolic disease Assumption 1: Dietary Fat is associated with Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors but not Clinical Outcomes; Not all saturated fats behave the same Assumption 2: Dairy is a source of saturated fat.but it is a source of diverse fats, not necessarily in high amounts, and contains other nutrients and a matrix that may moderate cardioprotective effects

40 Cardiometabolic disease some dairy

41 Challenges Understanding saturated fat/fatty acids and their role in cardiometabolic health Setting appropriate dietary guidelines for saturated fat/fatty acids Understanding the components of dairy that moderate cardiometabolic risk/promote cardiometabolic health Setting appropriate dietary guidelines for milk and dairy

42 Challenges Understanding saturated fat/fatty acids and their role in cardiometabolic health Setting appropriate dietary guidelines for saturated fat/fatty acids Understanding the components of dairy that moderate cardiometabolic risk/promote cardiometabolic health Setting appropriate dietary guidelines for milk and dairy

43 Challenges Setting appropriate dietary guidelines for saturated fat/fatty acids France: has increased saturated fat guidelines to 12%, with 8% intake for those considered deleterious when consumed in excess SACN panel assembled to review evidence for UK Sub-challenge: ensure the evidence is reviewed & published Setting appropriate dietary guidelines for milk and dairy Sub-challenge: Consumer, HCP & public health work

44 Translation: HCP & consumer factsheet Evidence: 3 regional conferences Evidence: 2 review papers for publication Translation: press coverage, social media

45 Thank you for your attention

Milk and Dairy for Cardiometabolic Health

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