9.NPA.1 Analyze strategies using tools (MyPlate, Dietary Guidelines, Food Facts Label) to plan healthy nutrition and fitness.

Transcription

1 Essential Standard 9.NPA.1 Analyze strategies using tools (MyPlate, Dietary Guidelines, Food Facts Label) to plan healthy nutrition and fitness. Clarifying Objective 9.NPA.1.1 Attribute the prevention of chronic diseases to healthy nutrition and physical activity. Materials Needed: Appendix 1 Leading Causes of US Deaths, 2008 (for display on document camera) Appendix 2 Actual Causes of US Deaths, 2000 (for display on document camera) Appendix 3 Leading Causes of Death, North Carolina Residents, 2010 (for display on document camera) PowerPoint Presentation, Proper Nutrition and Physical Activity: the REAL Lifesavers Appendix 4a, b copies of Small Steps Assignment Appendix 5 copies of Daily Food and Activity Diary Index cards Review: Create index cards which have one of the following chronic diseases written on them: Diabetes, Stroke, Obesity, Heart Disease, High Blood Pressure, Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, and Arthritis- related Disabilities. Have the class stand at their desks. Distribute one index card to the first person in each row. If you have more cards than rows, distribute the other cards randomly. Have students read their cards and respond with one or two ways they can reduce their risks for developing the condition on the card. If the student responds with regular physical activity and/or maintaining a healthy diet, allow the student to sit down. If the student does not respond with the preferred prevention techniques, tell the student to remain standing and pass the card to the next student. (Don t show any expression when asking the student to pass the card.) Continue to have the students respond to the cards remaining until a student answers with the preferred response and sits down with the card. Hopefully, the students will start to catch on and see that those who answer physical activity and/or proper diet sit down and therefore should answer the same way. If not, after a few rounds with the cards, ask the remaining students what those sitting down had in common. (They all answered physical activity and/or proper diet.) Complete the review session by informing the students that physical activity and proper diet are prevention methods, which will reduce their risks for developing many chronic diseases (a disease that lasts for a long time). Focus: Project Leading Causes of US Deaths, 2008 (Appendix 1) and Actual Causes of Death, 2000 (Appendix 2) to the class for review. Explain that students will have 8 minutes to answer the following questions (display on board): What is the difference between leading cause of death and actual cause of death? 9.NPA.1.1, page 1

2 NC School Health Training Center NC Association for the Advancement of Health Education What is the leading cause of death in the US? What is the leading actual cause of death in the US? Second leading actual cause of death? How do you think tobacco use, poor nutrition, and lack of physical exercise contribute to heart disease? To cancer? What do you notice about the two leading actual causes of death? Allow students to share their thoughts. Discuss the difference between leading causes and actual causes of death. Make clear that actual causes are defined as lifestyle behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of death. Specifically point out actual cause #2 (poor diet/physical inactivity) and discuss the validity of this cause and the impact it has on health and quality of life. Smoking has long been the largest behavioral factor in chronic disease, but as smoking has declined in the general population, the combined problem of poor diet and physical inactivity nears the top of the list as a chief cause of chronic disease. Display Leading Causes of Death, North Carolina Residents, 2010 (Appendix 3). Lead discussion of how it differs from the national statistics. Point out that the national data is for 2000 while the NC data is for What effect might the intervening years have had on the data? (Cancer now surpasses heart disease in NC as a leading cause of death. Perhaps advancements in treatment in heart disease have decreased the number of deaths from this condition. Alzheimer s disease has moved into the 5 th position at 3.6%. As the population ages, more people will get Alzheimer s and increase the number of those who die from the condition.) Statement of Objectives: Choosing nutritious foods and taking part in regular physical activity is the easiest thing you can do to reduce your risk of developing certain chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and obesity. In today s lesson, we will discover just how significant that impact can be. Teacher Input: Use the PowerPoint presentation, Proper Nutrition and Physical Activity to lead the class into a discussion about the points covered in the presentation. Note: You may want to familiarize yourself with the PowerPoint presentation s custom animation and action settings that have been incorporated. Guided Practice: Distribute copies of the Small Steps (Appendix 4a, b). Review directions and give students a few minutes to complete the activity. After students complete the activity, take a tally of the top small steps choices with which students decided to start. Are there many similarities within the class or is there a great variety in the choices selected? 9.NPA.1.1, page 2

3 NC School Health Training Center NC Association for the Advancement of Health Education Independent Practice: Distribute copies of Food and Activity Diary (Appendix 5). Now that you have decided upon 10 small steps which can help you reduce your risk of developing certain chronic diseases, let s look at your nutrition and activity habits. Using the Food and Activity Diary, you are to track what you eat for seven days. At the end of that time you will analyze your food and activity patterns and suggest ways that you can improve your activity level and your nutrition. Remind students about their Food and Activity Diary throughout the week; encourage them to talk about their nutrition and activity levels. At the end of the week, students should bring their diaries to class. Ask them to write a paper in which they address: What food groups did you eat each day? What food groups did you not eat? Why? Did you have physical activity each day? Describe the physical activity in which you participated. If your answer is no, why did you not participate in physical activity? How many minutes of physical activity did you have for the week? What can you do to improve your eating habits? What can you do to improve your physical activity levels? How can you make these changes into a lifestyle change? What barriers might prevent you from making these changes a habit or a lifestyle change? How can this affect your risk of chronic disease? Closure: We have discovered the impact of choices regarding diet and exercise on reducing risks for chronic disease. You have probably discovered a chronic disease for which you are at risk based on your own diet and exercise habits. By improving eating habits and increasing physical activity levels, we can all reduce our risks for obesity and other chronic diseases. 9.NPA.1.1, page 3

4 Leading Causes of Death and Actual Causes of Death in the United States **Leading Causes of US Deaths, 2008 % of total deaths Series **National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 60, No. 6, June 6, NPA.1.1, Appendix 1

5 *Actual Causes of US Deaths, 2000 % of total deaths Series *Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL. Actual causes of death in the United States, JAMA. 2004; 291(10): NPA.1.1, Appendix 2

6 ***Leading Causes of Death, North Carolina Residents, 2010 % of all deaths Series ***Vital Statistics, 2010 Vol. 2, March 2012 North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services Division of Public Health, State Center for Health Statistics 9.NPA.1.1, Appendix 3

7 Small Steps The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends these 100 small steps (modified for high school students) you can take to reduce your risk for obesity and other chronic diseases. As you have discovered in class, it s these simple, small steps which can make a difference. Circle 10 of these that you will commit to doing indefinitely. Choose one to start immediately. 1. Walk to work or school. 2. Use fat-free milk instead of whole milk. 3. Do sit-ups in front of the TV. 4. Walk during lunch hour. 5. Drink water before a meal. 6. Eat leaner red meat & poultry. 7. Eat half your dessert. 8. Walk instead of drive whenever you can. 9. Take family walks after dinner. 10. Skate to work or school instead of drive. 11. Avoid food portions larger than your fist. 12. Mow lawn with push mower. 13. Increase the fiber in your diet. 14. Walk to your place of worship instead of driving. 15. Walk with your friends to school. 16. Walk with your dog. 17. Join an exercise group. 18. Drink diet soda. 19. Replace a Sunday drive with a Sunday walk. 20. Do yard work. 21. Use smaller plates for your meals. 22. Get off a bus stop early & walk. 23. Don't eat late at night. 24. Skip seconds. 25. Work around the house. 26. Skip buffets. 27. Grill, steam or bake instead of fry. 28. Bicycle to the store instead of drive. 29. Take your dog to the park. 30. Ask your doctor about taking a multi-vitamin. 31. Go for a half-hour walk instead of watch TV. 32. Use vegetable oils over solid fats. 33. Eat more carrots and less cake. 34. Fetch the newspaper yourself. 35. Sit up straight at work. 36. Wash the car by hand. 37. Don't skip meals. 38. Eat more celery sticks. 39. Run when running errands. 40. Pace the sidelines at athletic games. 41. Take wheels off luggage. 42. Choose an activity which fits into your daily life. 43. Park farther from the store and walk. 44. Ask a friend to exercise with you. 45. Make time in your day for physical activity. 46. Exercise with a video if the weather is bad. 47. Bike to the barbershop or beauty salon instead of driving. 48. Keep to a regular eating schedule. 49. If you find it difficult to be active after work or school, try it before. 50. Take a walk or do desk exercises instead of a break with food or soda. 51. Perform gardening or home repair activities. 52. Avoid laborsaving devices. 53. Take small trips on foot to get your body moving. 54. Play with your friends 30 minutes a day. 55. Dance to music. 56. Keep a pair of comfortable walking or running shoes in your locker. 57. Make a Saturday morning walk a group habit. 58. Walk briskly in the mall. 59. Choose activities you enjoy & you'll be more likely to stick with them. 60. Stretch before bed to give you more energy when you wake. 61. Take the long way to the water cooler. 62. Explore new physical activities. 63. Vary your activities, for interest and to broaden the range of benefits. 64. Reward and acknowledge your efforts. 65. Choose fruit for dessert. 66. Consume sugary beverages in moderation, if at all. 67. Take stairs instead of the escalator. 68. Conduct an inventory of your meal/snack and physical activity patterns. 9.NPA.1.1, Appendix 4a

8 69. Share an entree with a friend. 70. Grill fruits or vegetables. 71. Eat before grocery shopping. 72. Choose a checkout line without a candy display. 73. Make a grocery list before you shop. 74. Buy 100% fruit juices over soda and sugary drinks. 75. Swim with your friends. 76. Flavor foods with herbs, spices, and other low-fat seasonings. 77. Remove skin from poultry before cooking to lower fat content. 78. Eat before you get too hungry. 79. Don't skip breakfast. 80. Stop eating when you are full. 81. Snack on fruits and vegetables. 82. Top your favorite cereal with apples or bananas. 83. Try brown rice or whole-wheat pasta. 84. Include several servings of whole grain foods daily. 85. When eating out, choose a small or medium portion. 86. If main dishes are too big, choose an appetizer or a side dish instead. 87. Ask for salad dressing "on the side." 88. Wear sunscreen. 89. Try your burger with just lettuce, tomato and onion. 90. Try a green salad instead of fries. 91. Eat baked or broiled fish. 92. Walk instead of sitting around. 93. Eat sweet foods in small amounts. 94. Join a club team to get more exercise. 95. Drink lots of water. 96. Cut back on added fats or oils in cooking or spreads. 97. Walk the beach instead of sunbathe. 98. Walk to a friend s house instead of ing or calling. 99. Carry your groceries instead of pushing a cart Use a snow shovel instead of a snow blower. 9.NPA.1.1, Appendix 4b

9 Daily Food and Activity Diary Name Date Morning Food Diary Morning Activity Diary 6 am 6 am 7 am 7 am 8 am 8 am 9 am 9 am 10 am 11 am 10 am 11 am Afternoon Food Diary Afternoon Activity Diary 12 pm 1 pm 12 pm 2 pm 2 pm 3 pm 3 pm 4 pm 4 pm 5 pm 5 pm 1 pm Evening Food Diary Evening Activity Diary 6 pm 6 pm 7 pm 7 pm 8 pm 8 pm 9 pm 9 pm 10 pm 11 pm 10 pm 11 pm Night Food Diary Night Activity Diary 12 am 1 am 12 am 2 am 2 am 3 am 3 am 4 am 4 am 5 am 5 am 1 am Notes: 9.NPA.1.1, Appendix 5