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2 Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advanes 0 (4): 79-84, 05 ISSN / DOI: 0.9/ajava Aademi Journals In. Effet of Supplementation of Fiber Degrading Enzymes on Performane of Broiler Chikens Fed Diets Containing De-Oiled Rie Bran P. Anuradha and Barun Roy Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sienes, Kolkatta (West Bengal), 70007, India Corresponding Author: P. Anuradha, Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sienes, Kolkatta (West Bengal), 70007, India ABSTRACT The aim of this trial was to examine the possibilities of effetive utilization of de-oiled rie bran by supplementing xylanase enzyme in broiler ration and thereby the performane of broiler hikens. One hundred and sixty unsexed day-old broiler hiks (venobb) belonging to a single hath, were purhased from a ommerial hathery, wing banded, weighed and randomly allotted into five experimental groups, omprising two repliates of sixteen hiks eah. The experimental diets were T-Control (% CF without xylanase)-% CF with xylanase-.5% CF with xylanase -4% CF with xylanase and T4-4.5% CF with xylanase. Xylanase supplemented at the rate of 0 g/00 kg feed. De-oiled rie bran was used as a soure of rude fibre. Body weight gain and feed onsumption was signifiantly (p<0.05) higher in treatment group, when ompared to ontrol group. Mortality rate was signifiantly (p<0.05) lower in enzyme supplemented high fiber group, when ompared to ontrol group. There was no signifiant (p>0.05) variation among the treatment and ontrol group in terms of Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Protein Effiieny Ratio (PER), Dressing perentage, Eviserated weight and Abdominal fat pad (perentage). However, breast musle, thigh musle and giblet weight (perentage) was signifiantly (p<0.05) higher in enzyme supplemented high fiber diet fed group, when ompared to ontrol group. Among the treatment groups, net profit Rs/kg body weight gain was highest in T4 (4.5% CF with xylanase) group. It was onluded that maintaining the maximum fiber level along with inorporation of xylanase as fiber degradable enzyme in feed may have better ost benefit ratio than that of low fiber diet without xylanase. Key words: Broiler, xylanase, fiber, de-oiled rie bran, performane, ost benefit ratio INTRODUCTION One of the most effetive ways for a profitable poultry industry is to redue the input ost. Feed is the major input in poultry prodution onstituting 70-75% of total ost of broiler prodution. There is a high demand of onventional feed ingredients for human onsumption reating a ompetition between human and poultry for the same ingredients. The prodution levels of onventional feed ingredients are not proportionate enough to meet this high demand of poultry feed. The exorbitant ost of onventional feed ingredients neessitates formulating ost effetive feed for broilers. Utilization of heaper unonventional or ertain loally available feed ingredients 79

3 Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 0 (4): 79-84, 05 in plae of onventional one has been widely advoated and pratied to mitigate this problem. However, the use of unonventional feedstuff for effiient poultry prodution is limited due to presene of undigestible omponents like fibre otherwise alled as Non Starh Polysaharides (NSP) (Adebiyi et al., 00). The soluble non starh polysaharide has an anti nutritive effet in poultry by modifying intestinal visosity and intestinal transit time. This results in redution of diffusion and assimilation rates of various nutrients. Poultry being monogastri, lak the ability to produe the enzymes (ellulase, hemi-ellulase and beta-gluanase et.) whih are neessary to digest beta type of linkages in non starh polysaharides whih is rih in ell wall of plant materials (Vooren, 0). Supplementation of enzymes has been inreasingly investigated and applied during the past deade as a means of enhaning prodution effiieny and inreasing the effetiveness of nutrient utilization. Enzyme supplementation ounterats anti nutritional effets of NSP, redues the intestinal visosity and the nutrient enapsulating effet of ell wall whih in turn ould result in inrease in protein, starh and energy utilization (Slominski, 0). The present study was onduted to investigate effet of xylanase enzyme on the effetive utilization of rude fibre ontent of de-oiled rie bran in broiler rations. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and sixty unsexed day-old broiler hiks (venobb) were randomly seleted and distributed into five experimental groups, omprising two repliates of sixteen hiks eah. They are ontrol (% CF without xylanase) (% CF with xylanase) (.5% CF with xylanase), T (4% CF with xylanase) and T 4 (4.5% CF with xylanase). Xylanase supplemented at the rate of 0 g/00 kg feed. The experimental diets were formulated to meet or exeed BIS (99) reommendations for all the nutrients (Table ). Crude fiber ontent in broiler feed was raised to the respetive level by inorporating De-Oiled Rie Bran (DORB). The orresponding energy and protein levels for the five experimental starter diets (T and T 4) were 9, 9, 89, 87 and 855 kal kgg and.58,.58,.59,.6 and.50%, respetively. Similarly, the Table : Perent ingredient omposition of experimental diets Starter Finisher Ingredients T T T T T T T T T T 4 4 Maize DORB Soybean meal Oil Calite DCP Methionine Lysine Soda Biarbonate Salt TM Mix* Premix** TM Mix* ontained Fe SO, Cu SO, Zn SO, Mn SO, potassium iodide, sodium selenite and DCP as base, Premix** ontained neessary vitamins, holine hloride, antioidial agents, emulsifiers and aidifiers, DORB: De-oiled rie bran 80

4 Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 0 (4): 79-84, 05 levels of energy and protein in finisher diets (T and T 4) were 08, 08, 99, 96 and 946 kal kgg and 9.9, 9.9, 9.70, 9.77 and 9.6%, respetively. All the rations were formulated to be is alorifi and is nitrogenous. The enzyme tested was a ommerial enzyme premix (Lumifeed xylanase) having the enzyme ativity of 70,000 IU gg. Weekly body weight of individual birds, repliate wise feed intake and livability were reorded. Feed onversion ratio was alulated on umulative basis for eah repliate. At the end of experiment, one bird from eah repliate was randomly seleted and slaughtered to study the arass traits. The Protein Effiieny Ratio (PER) was alulated as the ratio of weight gain to total protein onsumed. Experimental diets and DORB were estimated for the proximate priniples as per the methods of AOAC (990). Eonomi effiieny of live weight gain of broiler hiks was alulated based on the atual ost of individual feed ingredients during study period. TM Statistial analysis: Data was analysed by using SPSS VERSION (0.0). The Dunan range test was used to determine differene among treatment means for signifiant dietary effet (Snedeor and Cohran, 004) with p<0.05 onsidered statistially signifiant unless otherwise noted. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Body weight gain of broilers fed with treatment diet was greater than that of birds fed with the ontrol diet. The improvement in the body weight due to enzyme supplementation might be attributed to degradation of fiber ontent of DORB. Raza et al. (009) reported that addition of Grindazyme enzyme to diet ontaining 0% sunflower and 6% rude fibre signifiantly improved the body weight in broilers when ompared to that of ontrol group fed with same diet without enzyme. Feed intake was signifiantly (p<0.05) higher in treatment group ompare to that of ontrol group. Among the treatment groups highest feed onsumption was reorded in T 4 followed by T and T. This inreased feed onsumption in treatment groups an be justified as high rude fibre in the diet limits energy aess and also the NSPs in the fibre ontats with water forms a gel that redues passage time and absorption of nutrients and thus, inreases feed onsumption to ompensate and meet nutritional demands (Tabeidian et al., 0). Enzyme supplementation had no signifiant influene (p>0.05) on feed effiieny during the overall growth phase. Similarly, Jawale et al. (006) reported that supplementation of enzymes did not have any signifiant influene over FCR of broilers. Though there was no signifiant (p>0.05) differene was noted in FCR among the various treatment groups some numerial improvement was reorded in T group. Maximum mortality was observed in ontrol group when ompared to that of enzyme treated groups. Among the treatment groups highest mortality was observed in T 4. Use of high levels of fiber diets inreased the inidene of stiky droppings in broilers (Pettersson, 987) might be the reason for high mortality. There was no signifiant (p>0.05) differene in PER between the ontrol and enzyme treated groups. However, some numerial improvement was reorded at high fiber diet fed birds whih was omparable to that of ontrol diet fed birds. Similar to FCR, the reason for improved PER ould be due to enhaned bioavailability of nutrients in the enzyme supplemented group. The data on effet of enzyme supplementation on overall performane of broilers was presented in Table. With regard to slaughter harateristis, dressing perentage was higher in groups fed on enzymati diet than the ontrol. This finding is supported by Khan et al. (006) and Medhi et al. (00) found that enzyme supplementation to fibrous diet improved the growth rate and thereby 8

5 Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 0 (4): 79-84, 05 Table : Effet of experimental diets on performane parameters of broilers at 6 weeks of age Experimental diets Parameters TC T T T T4 a b d e Body weight (g/bird) 6.50± ± ± ± ±0.05 a a d e Feed intake (g/bird) 064.6± ± ± ± ±0.577 FCR.89±0.0.86± ± ± ±0.04 a b b b Mortality rate (%).50±0.04.±0.05.±0.098.± ±0.057 PER.57±0.6.6± ± ± ±0.6 a-d Values within olumns with no ommon supersripts are signifiantly different (p<0.05) Table : Carass harateristis of broilers fed on experimental diets Experimental diets Parameters TC T T T T4 Dressed wt. (%) 76.4± ± ± ± ±0.65 a b d a ad Bleeding (%).46± ± ± ± ±0.074 Eviserated wt. (%) 68.7± ± ± ± ±0.5 Abdominal a a b ab a Fat pad (%).54± ± ± ± ±0.058 a ab ab b ab Breast musle (%) 5.6± ± ± ± ±0.058 a b d Thigh musle (%) 9.44± ± ± ± ±0.874 a b b d da Giblet wt. (%) 5.6± ± ± ± ±0.58 a-d Values within olumns with no ommon supersripts are signifiantly different (p<0.05) Table 4: Cost benefit analysis of broiler prodution Experimental diets Parameters T T T T T C 4 a b ad ad Cost of feed onsumed inluding enzyme (Rs/bird) Fixed ost* (Rs) a b ad ad Total ost (Rs) a b b b b Final body weight (kg).6± ± ± ±0.5.67±0.04 a b b b b Return on sale at Rs 70 per kg.4± ± ± ± ±.07 a b b b Net profit per bird (Rs) 9.7± ± ± ±0.5.9±0.57 a b ab b b Net profit (Rs/kg) BW 8.4± ± ± ± ±0. a-d Values within olumns with no ommon supersripts are signifiantly different (p<0.05), Fixed ost*: Cost of hik+transportation ost+mediine and vaination ost+labour harges inreased the dressing perentage. Similarly Rahman et al. (005) showed that broiler fed on parboiled rie polish based diet supplemented with multi enzyme improved the dressing perentage. No signifiant (p>0.05) differene was notied in breast musle yield and abdominal fat pad perentage in all treatment groups ompared to that of ontrol group. Whereas, thigh musle perentage and giblet weight were signifiantly higher (p<0.05) in treatment groups than that of ontrol group (T). Similarly Wu and Ravindran (004) found that enzyme supplementation had no effet on abdominal fat pad in broilers. The data on arass yield of different dietary treatment groups are shown in Table. Margin of profit was alulated with the help of ost benefit analysis. The eonomis of feeding higher fibre rations supplemented with xylanase enzymes are presented in Table 4. The results 8

6 Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 0 (4): 79-84, 05 revealed that per bird total return on sale for T and T was Rs..4, 8., 6.9, and 6.9 at total expenditure of Rs. 8.68, 84.75, 85.04, 8.75 and 8.6, respetively. Net expenditure was varied slightly among experimental groups. This variation ourred mainly due to variation in feed intake, variation in feed ost (per kg) and variation in mortality in different groups. Among the treatment groups, net profit (Rs/kg body weight gain) was highest on T 4 (Rs. 9.9) followed by those of T (Rs. 9.85) ( Rs. 9.85) (Rs. 9.07) and T (8.4). Enzyme supplementation to high fiber diet (T ) saved.59 paise per kg live weight prodution of broilers. 4 It was onluded that supplementation of xylanase in high fiber diet may have better ost benefit ratio than that of low fiber diet without xylanase. The result obtained in the urrent experiment are in agreement with the findings of Srivastava et al. (005) and Jawale et al. (006) reported redued feed ost for improved feed utilization and faster growth rate of broilers fed with enzyme supplemented high fiber diet. Similarly Oladunjoye and Ojebiyi (00) found that supplementation of Roxazyme GG enzyme to the rie bran diet at 0% inlusion level redued the feed ost per kg live weight gain. CONCLUSION It was onluded that maintaining the maximum fibre level of Bureau of Indian Standards along with inorporation of xylanase as fibre degradable enzyme in broiler feed resulted in positive effet on growth performane of broilers and better ost benefit ratio when ompared to that of low fibre diet without xylanase. REFERENCES AOAC., 990. Offiial Methods of Analysis. 5th Edn., Assoiation of Offiial Analytial Chemists, Washington, DC., USA. Adebiyi, O.A., A.D. Ologhobo, O.A. Adu and T.O. Olasehinde, 00. Evaluation of the nutritional potentials of physially treated owpea seed hulls in poultry feed. Emirates J. Food Agri., : -9. BIS., 99. Bureau of Indian standards for poultry feeds. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), Bahadur Shah Zafarmarg, Deember 99, New Delhi. Jawale, M.R., A.A. Zanzad, R.J. Kukde and R.S. Kambale, 006. Effet of partial replaement of maize by orange pomae supplemented with enzymes in broilers. J. Bombay Vet. College, 4: 8-0. Khan, S.H., R. Sardar and B. Siddique, 006. Influene of enzymes on performane of broilers fed sunflower-orn based diets. Pak. Vet. J., 6: Medhi, D., H.F. Ahmed, B.K. Konwar and P. Chakravarty, 00. Influene of enzyme supplementation in high Fibre diet on the arass yield and mortality rate of broilers. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 0: -6. Oladunjoye, I.O. and O.O. Ojebiyi, 00. Performane harateristis of broiler hiken (Gallus gallus) fed rie (Oriza sativa) bran with or without roxazyme GG. Int. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., : Pettersson, D., 987. Substitution of maize with different levels of wheat, tritiale or rye in diets for broiler hiks. Swedish J. Agri. Res., 7: Rahman, M.M., M.B.R. Mollah, F.B. Islam and M.A.R. Howlider, 005. Effet of enzyme supplementation to parboiled rie polish based diet on broiler performane. Livestok Res. Rural Dev., 7:

7 Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 0 (4): 79-84, 05 Raza, S., M. Ashraf.N. Pasha and F. Latif, 009. Effet of enzyme supplementation of broiler diets ontaining varying level of sunflower meal and rude fiber. Pak. J. Bot., 4: Slominski, B.A., 0. Reent advanes in researh on enzymes for poultry diets. Poult. Si., 90: 0-0. Snedeor, G.W. and W.G. Cohran, 004. Statistial Methods. 8th Edn., Oxford and IBH Publiations, New Delhi, India. Srivastava, S.P., S. Singh and B.L. Saraswat, 005. Effet of enzyme supplementation in high fiber diet on the performane of broilers. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., : -5. Tabeidian, S.A., M. Toghyani, M. Toghyani and A. Shahidpour, 0. Effet of inremental levels of dried tomato pomae with and without dietary enzyme supplementation on growth performane, arass traits and Ileal protein digestibility of broiler hiks. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 0: Vooren, N.V., 0. Flexible feed formulation with multi enzyme onept. Pak. Poult., : 7-. Wu, Y.B. and V. Ravindran, 004. Influene of whole wheat inlusion and xylanase supplementation on the performane, digestive trat measurements and arass harateristis of broiler hikens. Anim. Feed Si. Tehnol., 6: