Alcohol Marketing, Kids, & Cancer

Transcription

1 Alcohol Marketing, Kids, & Cancer Alcohol & Cancer Forum Northwell - Staten Island University Hospital April 25, 2017 Robert Pezzolesi, MPH New York Alcohol Policy Alliance

2 Chronic Disease: A slow-motion disaster

3 [Whitaker, 2017]

4 Triple Aim Part 2 Famously, the actual causes of mortality in the United States lie in behavior that the individual health care system addresses unreliably or not at all, such as smoking, violence, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and unsafe choices. [Berwick, et al., 2008, p. 764] Non-medical factors, such as genetics, diet, exercise, substance abuse, pollution, are far more important determinants of health than health care and thus, preventing or delaying disease can potentially contribute far more to population wellness than curing or managing disease after it occurs. This suggests that successful efforts to mitigate environmental hazards and induce healthy behaviors may have more potential than health care reform to improve population health and affect the health care cost trends resulting from changes in population health over time. [McClellan and Rivlin, p. 15, emphasis mine]

5 Critical, Unmet, Global Need for Alcohol Prevention Population-Level Alcohol Policies Increasing alcohol taxes Reducing the availability of retailed alcohol Enforcing restrictions on alcohol advertising Evidence-Based Comprehensive Programs (e.g., NREPP/NY-REPP) Evidence-Based Treatment & Recovery Supports

6 Exposure to alcohol advertising Jernigan, et al., 2016 Anderson, et al., 2009; Smith & Foxcroft, 2009 Underage drinking WCRF/AICR, 2009 Scoccianti, et al., 2015 Nelson, et al., 2013 Liu, Ying, et al., 2013 Alcoholrelated cancers

7 Alcohol Marketing Helps Fuel Underage Drinking Alcohol marketing and youth alcohol consumption: A systematic review of longitudinal studies published since 2008 Addiction pages 7-20, 8 NOV 2016 DOI: /add

8 Alcohol Marketing Takeaways Exposure to alcohol marketing raises the risk for initiation and severity of underage drinking Alcohol industry self-regulation is ineffective at reducing youth overexposure Laws and regulations are needed to reduce exposure the dramatic growth of alcohol marketing and its insinuation into every possible communication medium available to children and adolescents has created the conditions for unhealthy life-style choices that will burden individuals, families, communities and governments for years to come [Babor, et al., 2017, emphasis mine]

9 Exposure to alcohol advertising Jernigan, et al., 2016 Anderson, et al., 2009; Smith & Foxcroft, 2009 Underage drinking WCRF/AICR, 2009 Scoccianti, et al., 2015 Nelson, et al., 2013 Liu, Ying, et al., 2013 Alcoholrelated cancers

10 Risk Behaviors Start Early Behaviors associated with increased cancer risk such as smoking and alcohol consumption emerge during childhood and adolescence and once established, they contribute to cancer occurring later in life. [Stölzel, et al. 2014]

11 Equality of Risk? Declines in underage (12-17) drinking, but: Gender convergence [Keyes, et al., 2008] No declines in age group, highest binge rates Special window of risk for young women for alcoholrelated breast cancer [Liu, et al., 2013]

12 NYC Public Transit is the for NYC Over 670,000 NYC schoolchildren use Student MetroCards for subways/buses as government-funded school transportation. [NYC Independent Budget Office, 2015] Thousands more youth receive free subway passes from the NYC DYCD to attend educational & recreational events [NYC DYCD, n.d.] Many thousands more children & youth use public transit for other travel. 55.7% of NYC households have no vehicles. [Governing, n.d.]

13 NYC Transit Advertising Contractor Sales Materials Motivate usage and create awareness by saturating the environment and captivating the bus audience Capture the attention of a completely captive audience with vibrant, attention-grabbing messages. give advertisers a chance to reach a diverse demographic from upscale to hip and trendy to ethnic. Subway ads also influence a completely captive audience of students, household decision makers and tourists as they complete daily activities, run errands and go out on the town [from emphasis added]

14 Alcohol Ads fuel Health Inequity Alcohol ads found in nearly half of all Bronx subway stations that had ads. Among stations with any ads for beverages, 90% had ads for alcohol. The proportion of station alcohol ads was correlated with the % of residents in the surrounding residential areas: Consuming no fruits or vegetables yesterday Consuming one or more sugary drink per day on average Being diagnosed with diabetes Taking medication for blood pressure and/or high cholesterol [Lucan, et al., 2017] Nationally: African American & Latino youth are more exposed to alcohol ads across a variety of media than non-hispanic white youth. [CAMY, 2016; Kwate, 2014]

15 Context Tobacco ads removed from NYC Public Transit in 1992 [NY Times, 1992] Alcohol ads NOT allowed on transit systems in Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Seattle, Los Angeles, San Diego, San Francisco/Oakland, Indianapolis, Phoenix, Houston, El Paso, many others Proposed NYC Council Resolution in 1999 collected 10 sponsors, but never made it out of committee [NYC Council, 1999]

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17 New York City Council Resolution Resolution calling on the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, the Governor, and the State Legislature to prohibit advertisements for alcoholic beverages on subways, buses, and other New York City Transit property Sponsors (27): Daniel Dromm, Fernando Cabrera, Margaret S. Chin, Andrew Cohen, Costa G. Constantinides, Robert E. Cornegy, Jr., Peter A. Koo, Karen Koslowitz, Rosie Mendez, Deborah L. Rose, James Vacca, Ydanis A. Rodriguez, Inez D. Barron, Ritchie J. Torres, Chaim M. Deutsch, Andy L. King, Paul A. Vallone, Daniel R. Garodnick, Mark Levine, Corey D. Johnson, Mathieu Eugene, Carlos Menchaca, Annabel Palma, Alan N. Maisel, Vanessa L. Gibson, Helen K. Rosenthal, Joseph C. Borelli

18 Advisory Board Staten Island Region

19 Lessons from Tobacco 1964 Surgeon General s Report 1970s 1980s Awareness Campaigns 1998 Master Settlement 2000s forward Layered Policies [Farley & Cohen, 2005] [Nonas, et al., 2014]

20 The Way Forward: Layered Policies [Nonas, et al., 2014]

21 Thank you! Comments, questions, other feedback: Bob Pezzolesi