the ARTICLE (for teachers)

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Rose Barrett
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2 the ARTICLE (for teachers) About seventy countries around the world use daylight savings time. Each spring, clocks get moved forward one hour because the daytime hours are longer in the summer. Each fall, clocks get moved back one hour because the daytime hours are shorter in the winter. Adjusting the clocks helps the environment because we use less energy. However, there are health benefits with daylight savings time too. If you sleep one hour more because of the change in time each fall, your chances of a heart attack decrease. Unfortunately, the number of heart attacks increases in the spring when you lose an hour of sleep. Since we are talking about sleep, did you know there are a lot of myths about sleep? For example, you should sleep seven or eight hours of sleep, not five or six. Some people say they need less sleep, but this is untrue and there are consequences. If you sleep too little, you will work less effectively. Not enough sleep also damages your heart and immune system. In addition, if you drive with six hours of sleep or less, it's almost the same as driving drunk. You will have worse reaction times and more accidents. Lastly, if you usually sleep too little during the week but then sleep a lot on the weekend, this pattern is also harmful. Irregular sleep patterns can cause stress. So what can you learn from this article? Use the change in time to make some lasting changes to your sleep habits. Teacher's Notes: * Underlined words in red typeface are the recommended vocabulary for this lesson. Heads Up English - 1

3 WARM-UPS Select one or all of the following warm-up activities. 1: Define: What does "myth" mean? Can you use it in a sentence? Can you give examples? 2: Brainstorm: Brainstorm with a partner words and ideas for "sleep" for two minutes. Next, talk about the words and ideas for five minutes. 3: Title: Today's article is: "." What will you read about? 4: Do you agree or disagree? Why? a. I sleep about ten hours every day. b. I catch up on sleep over the weekend. c. I wish I was able to sleep more. d. Some people only need four hours of sleep. e. People who don't get enough sleep may develop health problems. Heads Up English - 2

4 VOCABULARY Select one of the following vocabulary acquisition activities. 1: Vocabulary match: Individually or in pairs/groups, match the words in column A (from the article) with the best choice in column B. a. adjust u. make less b. decrease v. long-term c. increase w. result d. consequence x. change e. irregular y. make more f. lasting z. not usual 2: Fill in the Blanks: Fill in the blank with the correct word. increase decrease lasting adjusting irregular consequences a. ( ) the clocks helps the environment because we use less energy. b. Your chances of a heart attack ( ). c. Unfortunately, the number of heart attacks ( ) in the spring. d. This is untrue and there are ( ). e. ( ) sleep patterns can cause stress. f. Use the change in time to make some ( ) changes. 3: Define: Look in your dictionary for each word. Write the definition, correctly pronounce the word, and give an example sentence to the class. a. adjust: b. decrease: c. increase: d. consequence: e. irregular: f. lasting: Heads Up English - 3

5 WORD RECOGNITION These activities are optional. They reinforce vocabulary and increase reading speed. 1: Word Search: Find only the target words (in bold). Time yourself, and see how long it takes to find all the words. increase decrease lasting adjusting irregular consequences C R A L U G E R R I J C V C B G O B Y D D U E A J P O V O O D N N Q D P S D U Y H N G Z M R E I S F A J O K D K S V K A M N C T E U X E D E K E B R H M L W R S Q T D M S Y Q B S S P K C T I U U F Q A Q E L E L O E I K K A J E C E V U A E Q D N J K M Y S B N R U N S H L G J D V M J R E A C Q C T C V I R E G U L A R U N E E I D F X R I E N K R Z X I B S N H M L L M G R S H F Q K R A G O S N I P D D K W Y Z D X M S B C I F U P U B S L R L U U H X S 2: Target Word Pool: Find only the target words (in bold) with their exact match. Time yourself, and see how long it takes to find all the words. increase decrease lasting adjusting irregular consequences sequences decreased increased adjusting deceased consecutively lateness increased lasting regulation adjutant irregularity decrease adjust lasted consequently increases increase regular lastly irregular adjusts consequences crease adjusted decease decreasing lasts irregularly consequence Heads Up English - 4

6 pre- or post-comprehension Select one or more activity to direct students before the article is read, or to check understanding after the article is read. 1: Brainstorm Questions: Brainstorm questions that you would like to ask about today's topic. Answer a partner the questions. He shouldn't look at the article when he answers. 2: True or False?: Guess (before the article) or answer (after the article) if the sentence is true or false. If false, correct the sentence. a. More than seventy countries follow daylight saving time. T/F b. Daylight saving time has health benefits. T/F c. According to the article, seven or eight hours of sleep is best. T/F d. Some people don't need much sleep, so four hours is fine. T/F e. According to the article, it's okay to sleep a lot on the weekends. T/F 3: Questions: Answer the questions to check comprehension. a. According to the article, what is daylight saving time? b. Fewer people have heart attacks in the fall. Why? c. What problems are there with too little sleep? d. Is too much sleep good or bad? Why? e. What message does the article try to convey? 4: Fragments: Remember how the fragments were used, and complete the sentence. a. Each spring, clocks get moved forward one hour because... b. Each fall, clocks get moved back one hour because... c. Some people say they need less sleep, but... d. In addition, if you drive with six hours of sleep or less, it's... Heads Up English - 5

7 post-comprehension Select one or more activity to discuss the contents of the article. 1: Vocabulary: Circle any other unknown words/phrases in the article. In pairs/groups, use your dictionaries to understand these words. Write an example sentence for each one. 2: Class Questions: Read through the article once more, and write down any questions that you would like to talk about in pairs/groups or as a class. Answer the questions. 3: Summarize: Work with a partner to summarize the article in your own words. 4: Discuss: Talk about the following questions in pairs/groups. Remember to support your answers and ask more questions with your partner. a. Did you like this article? Why/not? b. How much sleep do you get every night? Is this too much or too little? Why? c. Do you think people in general get enough sleep? Why/not? d. Do you agree that everyone needs seven or eight hours of sleep per day? Why/not? e. Some countries take time off in the afternoon to rest. Is this good or bad? Why? f. If you could sleep less but stay healthy, would you want to? Why/not? 5: Discuss: In the today's world, many people don't get enough sleep. What do you think are the top four reasons for this problem? Brainstorm possible answers with a partner, then share them with the class. Choose the most likely reason. Reason #1: Reason #2: Reason #3: Reason #4: 6: Google Search: Type "sleep" into Google news and read additional articles on this topic. Discuss or write an essay about your findings. Heads Up English - 6

8 STUDENT HANDOUT (the article) About seventy countries around the world use daylight savings time. Each spring, clocks get moved forward one hour because the daytime hours are longer in the summer. Each fall, clocks get moved back one hour because the daytime hours are shorter in the winter. Adjusting the clocks helps the environment because we use less energy. However, there are health benefits with daylight savings time too. If you sleep one hour more because of the change in time each fall, your chances of a heart attack decrease. Unfortunately, the number of heart attacks increases in the spring when you lose an hour of sleep. Since we are talking about sleep, did you know there are a lot of myths about sleep? For example, you should sleep seven or eight hours of sleep, not five or six. Some people say they need less sleep, but this is untrue and there are consequences. If you sleep too little, you will work less effectively. Not enough sleep also damages your heart and immune system. In addition, if you drive with six hours of sleep or less, it's almost the same as driving drunk. You will have worse reaction times and more accidents. Lastly, if you usually sleep too little during the week but then sleep a lot on the weekend, this pattern is also harmful. Irregular sleep patterns can cause stress. So what can you learn from this article? Use the change in time to make some lasting changes to your sleep habits. Notes: Heads Up English - 7

9 STUDENT HANDOUT (fill in the blank) Fill in the blank with the correct word. accidents decrease energy irregular increases consequences habits lasting adjusting untrue About seventy countries around the world use daylight savings time. Each spring, clocks get moved forward one hour because the daytime hours are longer in the summer. Each fall, clocks get moved back one hour because the daytime hours are shorter in the winter. (a. ) the clocks helps the environment because we use less (b. ). However, there are health benefits with daylight savings time too. If you sleep one hour more because of the change in time each fall, your chances of a heart attack (c. ). Unfortunately, the number of heart attacks (d. ) in the spring when you lose an hour of sleep. Since we are talking about sleep, did you know there are a lot of myths about sleep? For example, you should sleep seven or eight hours of sleep, not five or six. Some people say they need less sleep, but this is (e. ) and there are (f. ). If you sleep too little, you will work less effectively. Not enough sleep also damages your heart and immune system. In addition, if you drive with six hours of sleep or less, it's almost the same as driving drunk. You will have worse reaction times and more (g. ). Lastly, if you usually sleep too little during the week but then sleep a lot on the weekend, this pattern is also harmful. (h. ) sleep patterns can cause stress. So what can you learn from this article? Use the change in time to make some (i. ) changes to your sleep (j. ). Heads Up English - 8

10 STUDENT HANDOUT (extended listening) Listen and fill in the missing sentences. Compare your answers with a partner, and then listen once more. About seventy countries around the world use daylight savings time. Each spring, clocks get moved forward one hour because the daytime hours are longer in the summer. Each fall, clocks get moved back one hour because the daytime hours are shorter in the winter. Adjusting the clocks helps the environment because we use less energy. However, a). If you sleep one hour more because of the change in time each fall, your chances of a heart attack decrease. Unfortunately, the number of heart attacks increases in the spring when you lose an hour of sleep. Since we are talking about sleep, b)? For example, you should sleep seven or eight hours of sleep, not five or six. Some people say they need less sleep, but this is untrue and there are consequences. If you sleep too little, you will work less effectively. Not enough sleep also damages your heart and immune system. In addition, if you drive with six hours of sleep or less, it's almost the same as driving drunk. You will have worse reaction times and more accidents. Lastly, if you usually sleep too little during the week but then sleep a lot on the weekend, this pattern is also harmful. Irregular sleep patterns can cause stress. So what can you learn from this article? c). Sentence #1: Sentence #2: Sentence #3: Heads Up English - 9

11 ANSWER KEY Vocabulary 1: Vocabulary Match: 2: Fill in the Blanks: a. x a. adjusting b. u b. decrease c. y c. increases d. w d. consequences e. z e. irregular f. v f. lasting pre- or post-comprehension 1. True or False: 2. Fragments: a. F b. T c. T d. F e. F a. the daytime hours are longer in the summer. b. the daytime hours are shorter in the winter. c. this is untrue and there are consequences. d. almost the same as driving drunk. Student Handout 1: Fill in the Blanks: a. Adjusting f. consequences b. energy g. accidents c. decrease h. Irregular d. increases i. lasting e. untrue j. habits 2: Extended Listening: a. there are health benefits with daylight savings time too b. did you know there are a lot of myths about sleep c. Use the change in time to make some lasting changes to your sleep habits Heads Up English - 10

the ARTICLE (for teachers)

the ARTICLE (for teachers) Nearly seventy countries around the world follow daylight saving time, when clocks get adjusted for longer or shorter daylight hours. In the spring, clocks get moved forward