Foodborne viruses: the known unknowns. Martin D Agostino Virologist, Campden BRI 8 th June 2016
|
|
- Leon Merritt
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Foodborne viruses: the known unknowns Martin D Agostino Virologist, Campden BRI 8 th June 2016
2 What are Foodborne Viruses? Submicroscopic organisms No intrinsic metabolism Obligate parasites They cannot multiply outside of their host Transmitted by the faecal/oral route Main foodborne viruses have very simple structure protein shell with nucleic acid inside
3 What are Foodborne Viruses They do not grow on or in foods, BUT They can be carried by foods, either on the surfaces of soft fruits and salad vegetables (mainly NoV and HAV) Within the foods such as bivalve molluscs (e.g. Oysters, mussels) mainly NoV Undercooked pork products.(e.g. sausage meat) HEV. They may be on the surfaces of handler s hands or They may be carried by contaminated irrigation water
4 What do they cause: Norovirus Projectile vomiting / diarrhoea / stomach cramps / fever Onset of symptoms12 48 hours after ingestion Duration h. Can be longer in elderly and immunocompromised. Up to 10 8 (100,000,000) particles can be shed per g stool Shedding the virus in stools can occur before onset of symptoms ~18 particles is the estimated infectious dose
5 Norovirus transmission
6 What do they cause: Norovirus Projectile vomiting / diarrhoea / stomach cramps / fever Onset of symptoms12 48 hours after ingestion Duration h. Can be longer in elderly and immunocompromised. Shedding the virus in stools can occur before onset of symptoms Up to 10 8 (100,000,000) particles can be shed per g stool ~18 particles is the estimated infectious dose Shedding can last 2 to 6 weeks after symptoms clear.
7 What do they cause: Norovirus Oral rehydration therapy treatment for severe cases Deaths uncommon 16 % of infections asymptomatic
8 What do they cause - Hepatitis A Acute hepatitis in >70% of those affected Headaches, fever, vomiting, jaundice Fatality rate 0.3 to 1.8% Incubation period 3 to 5 weeks Duration several weeks depending on severity Infectious dose is unknown but presumed to be virus particles Shedding of virus approx particles per g stool Shedding can last 4-6 weeks
9 What do they cause - Hepatitis A Increasing severity of illness as age increases Highly endemic in developing regions of the world, with infections among adults rare exposed at an early age Low and declining endemicity in developed countries, with adults at risk of severe infection Infection confers long-term immunity HAV vaccine available no global vaccination program
10 What do they cause - Hepatitis E Acute self limiting Hepatitis, jaundice, fever, vomiting Fulminant Hepatitis (acute liver failure) Mortality- 0.5 to 4% - up to 20% in pregnant women Incubation Period 6 weeks Recovery- several weeks Infective dose is not known Questions raised on increased heat resistance China has produced and licensed first vaccine to prevent hepatitis E virus infection, although it is not yet available globally
11 Outbreaks: NoV and HAV Year Country Food Cases Virus 2009 Australia Semi dried tomatoes 2010 Denmark Lettuce Finland 2010 France & Netherlands 2012 Germany USA 10 European countries Frozen raspberries Semi dried tomatoes Frozen strawberries Frozen blackberries and redcurrants Pomegranate seed 144 HAV NoV 46 NoV 72 HAV NoV 1444 HAV 165 HAV 2016 Denmark Lettuce >400 NoV
12 RASFF the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed NoV and HAV Virus Year Counry of origin / via Food Hazard Action Norovirus 2016 Norovirus 2016 Poland / France, Luxembourg France / Denmark, Norway Frozen broken raspberries Lettuce Outbreak suspected Outbreak suspected Norovirus 2016 Belgium /France Raspberry sauce Presence Norovirus 2016 France / Italy Live oysters Presence Withdrawal from market Withdrawal from market Recall from consumers Authorities informed Norovirus 2016 France, Spain Live clams Presence None Norovirus 2016 Bulgaria / Poland Norovirus 2016 China / Belgium Norovirus 2016 Chile / France Frozen organic raspberries Deep Frozen raspberries Frozen broken raspberries Presence Presence Presence Recall from consumers Withdrawal from recipients Public warning / press release. Hepatitis A 2016 Tunisia Live clams Presence Destruction Hepatitis A 2014 Morocco Frozen strawberries Presence Hepatitis A 2014 Germany Hepatitis A 2014 Poland, Bulgaria / Belgium Berry mix buttermilk cake Mixed frozen berries Outbreak Presence Detained by operator Withdrawal from market Detained by Operator
13 How can we control them? Physical controls Intrinsic Physical and chemical properties ph, A w, Nutrient content etc. Extrinsic Chemical disinfection Heating Novel processes However! Treatments can be too little, too late. If NoV, HAV or HEV is present, something has failed somewhere in the supply chain. Need to focus on preventing contamination entering the supply chain
14 How can we control them? Procedural controls Prerequisite programs (e.g. GLOBALG.A.P. - worldwide scheme using by accredited Certification Bodies) Virus Specific Guidelines and recommendations (e.g. Codex Code of Good Hygienic Practice for Fresh Fruit and Vegetables) No legislation specifically directed to control of viruses in fresh produce No regulatory requirements specifying microbiological criteria with regard to virus contamination.
15 What issues do we face? Detection Methods (NoV & HAV) : ISO Technical Specification: Detects Viral Genome (RNA) If we detect - is it infective? Detection Methods (HEV) : No standardised methods for detection of HEV in foods Non-culturable We cannot determine if virus particles are infective How can we test control measures (heat, ph, Aw, disinfectants) No reproducible cell culture suitable for routine testing for NoV, HAV or HEV (yet!)
16 What is Campden BRI doing? Ongoing MSFR project / Looking at virus controls e.g. ph, Aw, Acid resistance Using culturable surrogate viruses Phage and Mouse Norovirus (Murine Norovirus)
17 Work so far: a=ms2; b=øx 174
18 The future viruses at Campden BRI MSFR project on control measures will continue (ends 2017) Methods for detection to be validated (UKAS) Foodborne viruses are not going away! Rapidly expanding area new methodologies / development of culturing capabilities / increased government interest Campden BRI dedicated to providing advice on virus related issues
19 Campden BRI Publications CampdenBRI RSS Effect ph on persistence of viruses Campden BRI Blog-The known-unknowns- S.Jordan, 26 th Oct 2015 Campden BRI Website/Newsletter article March Foodborne virus research Campden Newsletter. April Article on the Virus Focus Group within P Trade Journal International Meat Topics V5 No Foodborne Viruses- the unseen hazards in foods. R.Betts International Food Hygiene V26 No Foodborne Viruses the hazard in a variety of Foods. R. Betts New Food-On Line- Viruses- an increasing hazard in Meat. 25 th Jan R.Betts International Meat Topics V7 No Hepatitis E. R. Betts International Food Hygiene V27, No Hepatitis E. R.Betts Fresh Produce. Viruses and Fresh Produce-A new hazard. Submitted 3/16. R.Betts
20 Contacts Annette Sansom Tel: +44 (0) Martin D Agostino - martin.d agostino@campdenbri.co.uk - Tel: +44 (0) Roy Betts roy.betts@campdenbri.co.uk Tel: +44 (0)
Monitoring and controlling viral contamination of shellfish
Bill Doré Monitoring and controlling viral contamination of shellfish Marine Institute -National Reference Laboratory 1 Presentation Overview Why do we have a problem with viruses in bivalve molluscan
More informationHepatitis E FAQs for Health Professionals
Hepatitis E FAQs for Health Professionals Index of Questions ± Overview and Statistics What is Hepatitis E? How common is Hepatitis E in the United States? Where is Hepatitis E most common? Are there different
More informationFoodborne Viruses in the European Union. Patricia Garvey EPIET fellow Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin
Foodborne Viruses in the European Union Patricia Garvey EPIET fellow Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin Outbreaks of foodborne viral disease, European Union, 2011-2013 2223 viral foodborne outbreaks
More informationChallenges and opportunities in risk assessment for viruses Marion
Challenges and opportunities in risk assessment for viruses Marion Koopmans @MArionKoopmans Estimates of foodborne viral disease, US Estimated nr FB cases Per 100000 Estimated nr hospitalisations Estimated
More informationAnalysis of fresh produce in Norway for contamination with Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts
Analysis of fresh produce in Norway for contamination with Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts Lucy J. Robertson, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway Laila Jensvoll, Norwegian Food
More informationU.S. Food & Drug Administration Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook
U.S. Food & Drug Administration Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook Hepatitis A Virus 1. Name of the Organism: Hepatitis A Virus Hepatitis
More informationNorovirus. Dr Bhakti Vasant Public Health Physician. Metro South Public Health Unit
Metro South Public Health Unit Norovirus Dr Bhakti Vasant Public Health Physician Source of image: http://www.hillingdontimes.co.uk/news/11808717.four_wards_closed_as_hillingdo n_hospital_fights_norovirus_outbreak/
More informationFoodborne and waterborne diseases : a focus on viruses
E-mail : christophe.gantzer@univ-lorraine.fr Laboratory of physical chemistry and microbiology for the environment (LCPME) Faculté de Pharmacie 5 rue Albert Lebrun 54000 Nancy (France) Foodborne and waterborne
More informationOld bugs in new places The changing face of food safety microbiology
Old bugs in new places The changing face of food safety microbiology Roy Betts Campden BRI Chipping Campden Gloucestershire GL55 6LD UKAFP, Cardiff 2017 26 th September 2017 UK Annual Figures UK 25% people
More informationHow do viruses enter the fruit and vegetables food chain and estimation of consumer risk
How do viruses enter the fruit and vegetables food chain and estimation of consumer risk Leena Maunula, PhD Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University
More informationGSC CODEX MESSAGE CCFH42/2011/27 Codex Committee on Food Hygiene (43 rd Session) Miami (5-9 December 2011)
GSC CODEX MESSAGE CCFH42/2011/27 Codex Committee on Food Hygiene (43 rd Session) Miami (5-9 December 2011) EU comments on the Proposed Draft Guidelines on the Application of General Principles of Food
More informationSensorlux Norovirus surveillance in Luxembourg
2 ème Colloque sur la sécurité de la chaîne alimentaire au Luxembourg et dans l'union européenne Sensorlux Norovirus surveillance in Luxembourg Jacques Kremer, PhD Institute of Immunology LNS-CRP-Santé,
More informationHepatitis A Outbreaks In Australia Molecular Epidemiology
Hepatitis A Outbreaks In Australia Molecular Epidemiology Scott Bowden, Lilly Tracy, Sara Bonanzinga VIDRL, The Doherty Institute, VIC Joy Gregory, Marion Easton Dept of Health & Human Services, Melbourne,
More informationHepatitis A Surveillance Protocol
Provider Responsibilities 1. Report all cases to your local health department within the timeframe indicated: Sporadic case of - should be reported within 24 hours of diagnosis. Outbreaks of - should be
More informationCONTROL OF VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAKS IN CALIFORNIA LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES
CONTROL OF VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAKS IN CALIFORNIA LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES California Department of Health Services Division of Communicable Disease Control In Conjunction with Licensing and Certification
More informationHepatitis E in South Africa. Tongai Maponga
Hepatitis E in South Africa Tongai Maponga 7th FIDSSA CONGRESS 2017 This is what usually comes to mind History of hepatitis E virus An ET-NANB hepatitis virus later named HEV was first suspected in 1980.
More informationTop 8 Pathogens. Print this document and study these pathogens. You will be better prepared to challenge the ADVANCED.fst exam.
Top 8 Pathogens The top 8 pathogens outlined in this document often cause foodborne illness in Canada. Take particular note of the bolded/underlined sections, as they are especially important. Print this
More informationNorovirus. Kristin Waroma. Michelle Luscombe. Public Health Inspector. Infection Control Nurse
Norovirus Kristin Waroma Public Health Inspector Michelle Luscombe Infection Control Nurse Objectives of Presentation Clinical presentation of Norovirus disease Transmission of Norovirus Treatment of Norovirus
More informationNorovirus. Causes. What causes infection with a norovirus? How is it spread?
- Fact sheet - Public Health Agency of Canada es are a group of viruses that cause gastroenteritis, an illness that usually includes diarrhea and/or vomiting. es are commonly found throughout North America
More informationFoodborne Disease in the Region of Peel
Foodborne Disease in the Region of Peel HIGHLIGHTS The incidence of selected foodborne diseases was generally higher in Peel than in Ontario between 1993 and 22. A higher incidence was observed in Peel
More informationThe pages that follow contain information critical to protecting the health of your patients and the citizens of Colorado.
Health Alert Network Tri-County Health Department Serving Adams, Arapahoe and Douglas Counties Phone 303/220-9200 Fax 303/741-4173 www.tchd.org Richard L. Vogt, M.D. Executive Director The pages that follow
More informationAgenda Item 5 CX/FH 10/42/5
Agenda Item 5 CX/FH 10/42/5 JOINT FAO/WHO FOOD STANDARDS PROGRAMME CODEX COMMITTEE ON FOOD HYGIENE Forty-second Session Kampala, Uganda, 29 November 3 December 2010 PROPOSED DRAFT GUIDELINES ON THE APPLICATION
More informationEPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS A IN IRELAND
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS A IN IRELAND Table of Contents Acknowledgements 3 Summary 4 Introduction 5 Case Definitions 6 Materials and Methods 7 Results 8 Discussion 10 References 11 Epidemiology of Hepatitis
More informationFIGHT INFECTIOUS BACTERIA AND VIRUSES MAKE HANDWASHING CONTAGIOUS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
FIGHT INFECTIOUS BACTERIA AND VIRUSES MAKE HANDWASHING CONTAGIOUS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! It s contagious!! HANDWASHING TO ATTACK NOROVIRUS!! HELP FIGHT INFECTIOUS BACTERIA AND VIRUSES MAKE HANDWASHING
More informationEpidemiology Update Hepatitis A
December 2011 Epidemiology Update Hepatitis A Hepatitis A Key Points Between 2000 and 2010, 209 cases of hepatitis A were reported in Hennepin County residents. This represents 30% of the cases reported
More informationNew recommendations for immunocompromised patients
New recommendations for immunocompromised patients Hepatitis E Virus (HEV): Transmission, incidence and presentation Emerging evidence regarding HEV transmission from blood components and dietary consumption
More informationINFOSAN A U T H O R I T I E S N E T W O R K CONNECTING FOR SAFER FOOD G L O B A L O V E R V I E W
INTERNATIONAL FOOD SAFETY A U T H O R I T I E S N E T W O R K CONNECTING FOR SAFER FOOD INFOSAN G L O B A L O V E R V I E W INFOSAN Secretariat Risk Assessment and Management Unit Department of Food Safety
More informationFoodborne Illness. How can it affect your business?
Foodborne Illness How can it affect your business? November 3, 2013 Why this topic? Foodborne illnesses affect millions of Americans each year The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that
More informationAdvisory on Gastroenteritis
10 December 2018 Advisory on Gastroenteritis Background Singapore has seen a spate of four food poisoning outbreaks since November 2018, affecting more than 400 people. The most serious involved a fatality,
More informationFoodborne Viruses Public Health Impact and Control Options
Foodborne Viruses Public Health Impact and Control Options Alvin Lee, Ph.D. alee33@iit.edu Center Director / Associate Professor Center for Processing Innovation Institute for Food Safety and Health St.
More informationHepatitis A Case Investigation and Outbreak Response. Terrie Whitfield LPN Public Health Representative
Hepatitis A Case Investigation and Outbreak Response Terrie Whitfield LPN Public Health Representative Training Objectives Provide an overview of HAV epidemiology Present reporting criteria and HAV case
More informationManagement of Outbreaks Care Homes IPC Study Day
Management of Outbreaks Care Homes IPC Study Day Sue Barber Infection Prevention & Control Lead AV & Chiltern CCG s Diarrhoea and/or vomiting May be bacterial or viral May be non-infectious in origin but
More informationHomebased Microprocessor Recipe Form
Homebased Microprocessor Recipe Form Please fill in the form to draft a recipe for approval. Product Name Date Farm Name Name of person responsible for product Address City/State/Zip Telephone Email Ingredient
More informationNEHA-BIA Webinar Lee-Ann Jaykus, Ph.D. William Neal Reynolds Professor Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition NC State University
Coming Clean About Norovirus: How to Dodge the Spread NEHA-BIA Webinar Lee-Ann Jaykus, Ph.D. William Neal Reynolds Professor Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition NC State University Norovirus
More information(and what you can do about them)
(and what you can do about them) What s an outbreak? In general, more cases than expected (baseline) More cases clustered in a specific unit or facility than you d expect at a particular time of year Some
More informationInfection control in Aged Residential Care Facilities. Dr Sally Roberts Clinical Advisor for IP&C Service, ADHB
Infection control in Aged Residential Care Facilities Dr Sally Roberts Clinical Advisor for IP&C Service, ADHB Background Endemic infections Epidemic infections Managing outbreaks Administrative measures
More informationNorovirus Outbreaks Issues and Interventions. What NoV really looks like
Norovirus Outbreaks Issues and Interventions Philip C. Carling, M.D. Boston University School of Medicine Disclosure Hosted by Paul Webber paul@webbertraining.com Teleclass sponsored by Virox Technologies
More informationNorovirus in Healthcare Settings
ST. JAMES HEALTHCARE DECEMBER 2012 INFECTION PREVENTION NEWSLETTER INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Norovirus in Healthcare Settings The Impacts of Unsafe Medical Injections in the U.S. Preparing Your Skin Before Surgery:
More informationEpidemiology of hepatitis E infection in Hong Kong
RESEARCH FUND FOR THE CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Epidemiology of hepatitis E infection in Hong Kong DPC Chan *, KCK Lee, SS Lee K e y M e s s a g e s 1. The overall anti hepatitis E virus (HEV) seropositivity
More informationSpring Webinar Series. 2 p.m. CST
2019 Spring Webinar Series 2 p.m. CST Zoom Controls Question/ Answer Controls Chat box Mute/unmute Open chat box Please Complete the Survey Please complete the short online survey that will be emailed
More informationCOMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION ON FOOD IRRADIATION FOR THE YEAR 2002
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 25.2.2004 COM(2004) 69 final REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION ON FOOD IRRADIATION FOR THE YEAR 2002 EN EN REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION ON FOOD IRRADIATION FOR THE
More informationViral Agents of Paediatric Gastroenteritis
Viral Agents of Paediatric Gastroenteritis Dr Carl Kirkwood -------------------- Enteric Virus Research Group Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Royal Children s Hospital Victoria. WHO Collaborating
More informationShigellosis SURVEILLANCE REPORT. Annual Epidemiological Report for Key facts. Methods
Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016 Shigellosis Key facts Shigellosis is a relatively uncommon disease in the EU/EEA, but remains of concern in some countries and for some population groups. In 2016,
More informationCommunicable diseases. Gastrointestinal track infection. Sarkhell Araz MSc. Public health/epidemiology
Communicable diseases Gastrointestinal track infection Sarkhell Araz MSc. Public health/epidemiology Communicable diseases : Refer to diseases that can be transmitted and make people ill. They are caused
More informationGastroenteritis and viral infections
Gastroenteritis and viral infections A Large number of viruses are found in the human gut; these include some that are associated with gastroenteritis Rotaviruses Adenoviruses 40/41 Caliciviruses Norwalk-like
More informationFood Borne Illness. Sources, Symptoms, and Prevention
Food Borne Illness Sources, Symptoms, and Prevention Standard and Objective: Student Goal: Students will review and apply the skills of kitchen management, safety and sanitation. Objective: Students will
More informationSurviving Norovirus. Not Just a Cruise Ship Issue. Maria Wellisch, RN, LFNA Vice President of Corporate Education Morningside Ministries
Surviving Norovirus Not Just a Cruise Ship Issue Maria Wellisch, RN, LFNA Vice President of Corporate Education Morningside Ministries How Prevalent is Norovirus 21 million cases 71,000 individuals hospitalized
More informationPrecautionary Allergen Labelling (PAL) and the effects for the fruit and vegetable processing industry
PROFEL.2018.006 07 March 2018 Precautionary Allergen Labelling (PAL) and the effects for the fruit and vegetable processing industry Introduction The Dutch delegation raised the issue of non-homogeneous
More informationREPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL ON FOOD AND FOOD INGREDIENTS TREATED WITH IONISING RADIATION FOR THE YEAR 2015
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 25.11.2016 COM(2016) 738 final REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL ON FOOD AND FOOD INGREDIENTS TREATED WITH IONISING RADIATION FOR THE YEAR
More informationResults of border checks carried out by the EU Member States and Norway on imports of feed and food of non-animal origin subject to increased level
Results of border checks carried out by the EU Member States and Norway on imports of feed and food of non-animal origin subject to increased level of official controls products listed in Annex I to Regulation
More informationU.S. Food & Drug Administration Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook.
U.S. Food & Drug Administration Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook Rotavirus 1. Name of the Organism: Rotavirus Rotaviruses are classified
More informationGoals for Today. Specific Objectives 9/19/18
Specific Objectives Identify foods at greater risk for causing a foodborne illness.! Recognize factors that contribute to the risk for foodborne illness from these foods.! Consider potential risk of the
More informationThe development of reference materials for norovirus and hepatitis A viruses
The development of reference materials for norovirus and hepatitis A viruses The Future of Reference Materials- Science and Innovation JRC-IRMM, Geel, 24 th November 2010 Centre for Environment, Fisheries
More informationREPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL ON FOOD INGREDIENTS TREATED WITH IONISING RADIATION FOR THE YEAR 2012
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 4.2.2014 COM(2014) 52 final REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL ON FOOD INGREDIENTS TREATED WITH IONISING RADIATION FOR THE YEAR 2012 EN
More informationViral Hepatitis - Historical Perspective
Viral Hepatitis - Historical Perspective Infectious A E Enterically transmitted Viral hepatitis NANB Serum B D F, G,? other C Parenterally transmitted Before the discovery of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and
More informationHepatitis A SURVEILLANCE REPORT. Annual Epidemiological Report for Key facts. Methods
SURVEILLANCE REPORT Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015 Hepatitis A Key facts In 2015, 29 EU/EEA countries reported a total of 12 641 cases of hepatitis A, 12 527 (99.1%) of which were confirmed. The
More informationPersonal Injury TYPES OF HOLIDAY ILLNESSES.
TYPES OF HOLIDAY ILLNESSES Whilst on holiday many different contractable illnesses exist, the list below contains the most common. This list is by no means exhaustive and if you have suffered from an illness
More informationSalmonella Enteritidis outbreak related to Polish eggs
Salmonella Enteritidis outbreak related to Polish eggs 22 nd EURL-Salmonella workshop 29-30 May 2017, Zaandam Pamina M. Suzuki, DG SANTE-G4 Food hygiene OUTLINE Background published ROA Human data Info
More informationGERMANY Population 1999: Population 2000: Area: km 2
WHO Surveillance Programme for Control of Foodborne Infections and Intoxications in Europe Country Reports: Germany BfR GERMANY Population 1999: 82 163 5 Population 2: 82 259 5 Area: 357 21 km 2 1. General
More informationGenus Ebolavirus is 1 of 3 members of the Filoviridae family (filovirus), along with genus Marburgvirus and genus Cuevavirus.
EBOLA VIRUS Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe, often fatal illness, with a case fatality rate of up to 90%. It is one of the world s most virulent diseases.the infection is transmitted by direct contact
More informationFact sheet. Yellow fever
Fact sheet Key facts is an acute viral haemorrhagic disease transmitted by infected mosquitoes. The yellow in the name refers to the jaundice that affects some patients. Up to 50% of severely affected
More informationVibrio Cholerae (non-o1, non-o139)
August 2011 Vibrio Cholerae (non-o1, non-o139) Revision Dates Case Definition Reporting Requirements Remainder of the Guideline (i.e., Etiology to References sections inclusive) August 2011 August 2011
More informationThe Identification of Food Safety Priorities using the Delphi Technique
The Identification of Food Safety Priorities using the Delphi Technique Gene Rowe & Fergus Bolger, GRE 58th Advisory Forum Meeting, Luxembourg, 8-9 December 2015 EU RISK ASSESSMENT AGENDA (RAA) where priorities
More informationBULGARIA Population 1999: Population 2000: Area: km 2
WHO Surveillance Programme for Control of Foodborne Infections and Intoxications in Europe Country Reports: Bulgaria BfR BULGARIA Population 1999: 8 2 Population 2: 7 9 Area: 11 912 km 2 1. General information
More informationViral or Suspected Viral Gastroenteritis Outbreaks
Viral or Suspected Viral Gastroenteritis Outbreaks Information for Directors and Staff of Early Childhood Education and Care Services Introduction Gastroenteritis outbreaks in early childhood education
More informationSection One: Background Material
Section One: Background Material What is the problem? Every day people all over the world get sick from the food they eat. This sickness is called foodborne disease and is caused by dangerous microorganisms
More informationFoodborne Viral Hepatitis
7 Foodborne Viral Hepatitis Hazel Appleton, Malcolm Banks, Catherine M. Dentinger, and Chong Gee Teo 1. INTRODUCTION The infectious nature of hepatitis has been recognized since the eighth century. Epidemiological
More informationHepatitis A is a small, unenveloped, symmetrical RNA virus within the genus Hepatovirus, a member of the Picornavirus family.
Hepatitis A Introduction Hepatitis A is a small, unenveloped, symmetrical RNA virus within the genus Hepatovirus, a member of the Picornavirus family. Epidemiology (Data from the Travel Health Surveillance
More informationInfectious Disease Outbreaks in confined spaces
Infectious Disease Outbreaks in confined spaces Dr Andrew Ebringer Senior Medical Director, Medical Services - Australia International SOS 1 2013 AEA International Holdings Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved.
More informationHepatitis E Virus Update December 2014
655 West 12th Avenue Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4 Tel 604.707.2400 Fax 604.707.2516 www.bccdc.ca Hepatitis E Virus Update December 2014 What is hepatitis E Virus? Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) was first identified
More informationMedia centre Ebola virus disease
1 of 6 10/15/2014 10:59 AM Media centre Ebola virus disease Fact sheet N 103 Updated September 2014 Key facts Ebola virus disease (EVD), formerly known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal
More informationMonitoraggio delle epatiti virali in Europa
Monitoraggio delle epatiti virali in Europa Pier Luigi Lopalco Università di Bari Roma, 17 Dicembre 2015 By courtesy of the Programme for HIV, STI and Viral Hepatitis B and C infections, ECDC Surveillance
More informationMARKET NEWS for pig meat
MARKET NEWS for pig meat Market analysis 17 September 2018 Week 38 MARKET SITUATION Europe: Trading in fresh legs is at slightly falling prices this week. Trading in other cuts is at largely unchanged
More information33. I will recommend this primer to my colleagues. A. Strongly Agree D. Disagree B. Agree E. Strongly Disagree C. Neither agree nor disagree
27. The primer increased my ability to recognize foodborne illnesses and increased the likelihood that I will consider such illnesses in my patients. 28. The primer increased my knowledge and skills in
More informationMARKET NEWS for pig meat
MARKET NEWS for pig meat Market analysis 23 July 2018 Week 30 MARKET SITUATION Europe: Trading in fresh legs and other cuts is at unchanged prices. UK: Prices are under slight pressure. Sales are reported
More informationMonthly measles and rubella monitoring report
SURVEILLANCE REPORT Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report December 2018 Period covered: 1 November 2017 to 31 October 2018 Introduction This monitoring report is based on measles and rubella data
More informationNorovirus Epidemiology i Update: Outbreak Surveillance, Prevention, and Control
Norovirus Epidemiology i Update: Outbreak Surveillance, Prevention, and Control Aron J. Hall, DVM, MSPH Viral Gastroenteritis Team Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ajhall@cdc.gov Presented at
More informationElaboration of Multiannual sampling plan concerning microbiological hazards in food 16/06/2010
Elaboration of a multiannual sampling plan concerning microbiological hazards in food Page 1 de 29 Foodborne illness www.neblettbeardandarsenault.com Page 2 de 29 30 % of all emerging infections over the
More informationFood-borne viruses and transformation of foodpractices
Food-borne viruses and transformation of foodpractices Marion Koopmans @MarionKoopmans 1 juillet 3, 2013 Fecal oral transmission Food handler High incidence Human pathogens End of chain Local, endemic
More informationPathogen specific exclusion criteria for people at increased risk of transmitting an infection to others
Appendix 2: disease March 2018 Exclusion/Restriction Cases of most enteric disease should be considered infectious and should remain off work/school until 48 hours after symptoms have ceased. Certain individuals
More informationVIRAL GASTRO-ENTERITIS
VIRAL GASTRO-ENTERITIS Dr Esam Ibraheem Azhar (BSc, MSc, Ph.D Molecular Medical Virology) Asst. Prof. Medical Laboratory Technology Department ١ Gastroenteritis Introduction (1) Paediatric diarrhoea remains
More informationHepatitis E in Pigs: A foodborne threat or a threat to food?
Hepatitis E in Pigs: A foodborne threat or a threat to food? Eoin Ryan Central Veterinary Research Laboratory Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine Hepatitis E virus an emerging viral zoonosis
More informationNorovirus Outbreak in a Children s Hospital. Jennifer Adams, MT, MPH, CIC April 23, 2015
Norovirus Outbreak in a Children s Hospital Jennifer Adams, MT, MPH, CIC April 23, 2015 Objectives Discuss the epidemiology, symptoms, and transmission of norovirus. Identify key infection control activities
More informationPersistance and Survival of Pathogens in Low Water Activity Environments. Roy Betts Campden BRI Chipping Campden UK
Persistance and Survival of Pathogens in Low Water Activity Environments Roy Betts Campden BRI Chipping Campden UK r.betts@campden.co.uk Low Moisture Foods Over recent years numerous outbreaks of food
More informationMcHenry County Norovirus Outbreaks November McHenry County Department of Health November 29,2010
McHenry County Norovirus Outbreaks November 2010 McHenry County Department of Health November 29,2010 What is Norovirus The most common cause of gastrointestinal illness resulting from an inflammation
More informationJoint EFSA-ECDC ROA on multi-country outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes. Valentina Rizzi, scientific officer, BIOCONTAM Unit
Joint EFSA-ECDC ROA on multi-country outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes Valentina Rizzi, scientific officer, BIOCONTAM Unit 68th Advisory Forum meeting BACKGROUND INFORMATION 3 Nov 2017, Urgent Inquiry
More informationPUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE SEASONAL INFLUENZA AVIAN INFLUENZA SWINE INFLUENZA
INFLUENZA DEFINITION Influenza is an acute highly infectious viral disease characterized by fever, general and respiratory tract catarrhal manifestations. Influenza has 3 Types Seasonal Influenza Avian
More informationHEV Update Blood Components. Dragoslav Domanović, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (Sweden)
HEV Update Blood Components Dragoslav Domanović, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (Sweden) Outline ECDC activities started in 2015 to understand the epidemiology and burden of HEV infection
More informationEFSA s activities on data collection (Art. 33) and proposal for a new initiative (EUMENU) H. Deluyker Director
EFSA s activities on data collection (Art. 33) and proposal for a new initiative (EUMENU) H. Deluyker Director Scientific Cooperation and Assistance 43 rd Management Board Meeting Stockholm, 17 December
More informationDiarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning in Washington, Summer 2011
Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning in Washington, Summer 2011 Jenny Lloyd, Epidemiologist, PHSKC Canadian Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Symposium November, 2012 Outline Shellfish Poisoning Reporting in WA
More informationInformation for Primary Care: Managing patients who require assessment for Ebola virus disease Updated 17 Oct 2014
Information for Primary Care: Managing patients who require assessment for Ebola virus This guidance is aimed at clinical staff undertaking direct patient care in primary care, including GP surgeries,
More informationQuarte. FOCUS: Zika. March Volume. Zika Virus. is present. reached. can cause. low, with. in the
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE REPORT Quarte erly Report Volume 33, Number 1 March 2016 FOCUS: Zika Virus, Hepatitis A, Listeriosis Zika Virus Zika Virus (ZikV) has recently been classifiedd as a significant public
More informationOutbreak of Hepatitis A virus infection in residents and travellers to Italy 1
EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-439 TECHNICAL REPORT Outbreak of Hepatitis A virus infection in residents and travellers to Italy 1 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and European Food
More informationNational Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Hepatitis A Virus United States,
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Hepatitis A Virus United States, 1987 2017 122 nd AFDO Annual Educational Conference, June 9-13, 2018, Burlington, VT Vincent J Radke,
More informationMARKET NEWS for pig meat
MARKET NEWS for pig meat Market analysis 26 November 2018 Week 48 MARKET SITUATION Europe: Trading in legs is at slightly increasing or unchanged prices this week. Trading in other cuts is at unchanged
More informationLecture-7- Hazem Al-Khafaji 2016
TOXOPLASMOSIS Lecture-7- Hazem Al-Khafaji 2016 TOXOPLASMOSIS It is a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii which is a protozoan parasite that is infects a variety of mammals and birds throughout the world.
More informationAcute respiratory illness This is a disease that typically affects the airways in the nose and throat (the upper respiratory tract).
Influenza glossary Adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US https://www.cdc.gov/flu/glossary/index.htm and the World Health Organization http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/glossary_rev_sept28.pdf?ua=1
More informationAmebiasis rev Jan 2018
rev Jan 2018 BASIC EPIDEMIOLOGY Infectious Agent Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite. The trophozoite is the active form of the parasite which causes symptoms. Cysts are the infectious form which
More informationWhat s s on the Menu in Europe? - overview and challenges in the first pan- European food consumption survey
What s s on the Menu in Europe? - overview and challenges in the first pan- European food consumption survey Liisa Valsta Data Collection and Exposure Unit What s s on the menu in Europe? Background Attempts
More informationHighly pathogenic avian influenza "The Epidemic" Regionalisation in the European Union
Highly pathogenic avian influenza "The 2016-2017 Epidemic" Regionalisation in the European Union Andrea Gavinelli, Head of Unit G3 Official controls and eradication of diseases in animals European Commission
More information