Welcome it is a great day to learn about the Brain

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Welcome it is a great day to learn about the Brain"

Transcription

1 Welcome it is a great day to learn about the Brain

2 What does the Brain do? Stand up Walk around every person you pass tell them a different function the brain performs Do this until you are told to stop

3 Why do we study the Brain? Back at your tables report back what you learned about what the brain does did you learn anything new?

4 We are going to start small and go big

5

6 Just as I Thought, low self esteem Why can t my skull bumps be prettier? Phrenology Franz Gall-( ) Pseudoscience-based on false assumptions. Why so popular? Individual ability to change and develop Improved treatment of the insane (organic) Encouraged people to think scientifically

7 Module 7: Neural and Hormonal Systems Neurons: The Building Blocks of the Nervous System

8 What are the primary parts of a typical neuron? Nervous system Neurons Dendrites Soma Axon Terminal branches of Axon Myelin Sheath

9 Nervous System The electrochemical communication system of the body Sends messages from the brain to the body for movement Brings information to the brain from the senses

10 Neuron The basic building block of the nervous system -- a nerve cell Neurons perform three basic tasks Receive information Carry the information Pass the information on to the next neuron

11 Neurons Neurons fire -- send an impulse down their length -- or they don t fire Neurons come in a variety of shapes, sizes, etc.

12 Parts of the Neuron

13 Parts of the Neuron - Dendrites

14 Parts of the Neuron - Soma

15 Parts of the Neuron - Axon

16 Parts of the Neuron Myelin Sheath

17 Parts of the Neuron - Terminals

18 Time to Move Locate the person furthest from you Go to that person Introduce yourself

19 Pick an A and D A = Axon D= Dendrite With your partner explain the relationship between neurons

20 Neuron

21 Neuron

22 Neural Communication: The Neural Impulse

23 Action Potential A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of the neuron. A neural impulse Considered an on condition of the neuron

24 Refractory Period The recharging phase when a neuron, after firing, cannot generate another action potential Once the refractory period is complete the neuron can fire again

25 Resting Potential The state of a neuron when it is at rest and capable of generating an action potential The neuron is set and ready to fire

26

27

28

29 Steps of Action Potential Dendrites receive neurotransmitter from another neuron across the synapse. Reached its threshold- then fires based on the all-or-none response. Opens up a portal in axon, and lets in positive ions (Sodium) which mix with negative ions (Potassium) that is already inside the axon (thus Neurons at rest have a slightly negative charge). The mixing of + and ions causes an electrical charge that opens up the next portal (letting in more K) while closing the original portal. Process continues down axon to the axon terminal. Terminal buttons turns electrical charge into chemical (neurotransmitter) and shoots message to next neuron across the synapse.

30 Neuron firing like a Toilet 1. Like a Neuron, a toilet has an action potential. When you flush, an impulse is sent down the sewer pipe

31 Neuron firing like a Toilet 2. Like a neuron, a toilet has a refractory period. There is a short delay after flushing when the toilet cannot be flushed again because the tank is being refilled

32 Neuron firing like a Toilet 3. Like a Neuron, a toilet has a resting potential. The toilet is charged when there is water in the tank and it is capable of being flushed again 4. Like a Neuron, a toilet operates on the all-or-none principle it always flushes with the same intensity, no matter how much force you apply to the handle

33 All-or-None Principle The principle that if a neuron fires it will always fire at the same intensity All action potentials are of the same strength. A neuron does NOT fire at 30%, 45% or 90% but at 100% each time it fires.

34 Module 7: Neural and Hormonal Systems Communication Between Neurons

35 Synapse The tiny, fluid filled gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron The action potential cannot jump the gap

36 Neurotransmitters A chemical messenger that travels across the synapse from one neuron to the next Can influence whether the second neuron will generate an action potential or not

37 Neurotransmitters

38 Common Neurotransmitters & Functions Neurotransmitter Function Examples of Malfunctions Acetylcholine (ACh) Dopamine Serotonin Norepinephrine GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) Muscle action, learning, memory Movement, learning, emotion, attention Mood, hunger, sleep, arousal Controls alertness & arousal Major inhibitory NT Deterioration assoc with Alzheimer s disease Excess receptors assoc with Schizophrenia; Lack produces Pakinson s disease Undersupply linked to depression; Prozac used to raise levels Undersupply can depress mood Undersupply linked to seizures, tremors, insomnia Glutamate Major excitatory NT Oversupply produces migraines/seizures.

39

40

41

42 Excitatory Effect A neurotransmitter effect that makes it more likely that the receiving neuron will generate an action potential (impulse) The second neuron is more likely to fire.

43 Inhibitory Effect A neurotransmitter effect that makes it less likely that the receiving neuron will generate an action potential (impulse) The second neuron is less likely to fire.

44 Threshold The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse.

45 How drugs alter neurotransmitters Affected at the synapses by either blocking or amplifying NT activity. AGONIST- amplify normal sensations of arousal or pleasure ANTAGONIST- block NT functioning; can cause paralysis

46 Human Neuron Party I need 5 volunteers

47 How Neuron s work video BqdFG4&feature=related

48 Neuron Dance Everyone stand up and line up around the room. Explain neuron parts as body parts. Do the Neuron WAVE!!!!!! Key points: Don t touch each other Don t fire till it reaches you! Say each neuron part as action potential reaches the proper part

49 Module 7: Neural and Hormonal Systems Neural Communication: The Neural Chain

50 Receptor Cells Specialized cells in the sensory systems of the body that can turn other kinds of energy into action potentials that the nervous system can process Receptor cells in the eye turn light into a neural impulse the brain understands.

51 Sensory Nerves (aka AFFERANT) Nerves that carry information to the central nervous system Connect the sense organs to the brain and spinal cord

52 Interneurons Nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord responsible for processing information related to sensory input and motor output

53 Motor Nerves (aka EFFERANT) Nerves that carry information from the central nervous system Carries messages from the brain and spinal cord to other parts of your body

54 A Neural Chain

55 A Neural Chain

56 A Neural Chain

57 A Neural Chain

58 A Neural Chain

59 Module 7: Neural and Hormonal Systems The Structure of the Nervous System

60 Who wants some $$$$$??? I ll give you the dollar if you can catch it! What does this demonstrate about our Nervous System???

61 The Nervous System

62 Central Nervous System (CNS) The brain and spinal cord The brain is the location of most information processing. The spinal cord is the main pathway to and from the brain.

63 Spinal Cord

64 Divisions of the Nervous System

65 Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) The sensory and motor nerves that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body Peripheral means outer region The system is subdivided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.

66 Divisions of the Nervous System

67 Somatic Nervous System The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body s skeletal muscles Contains the motor nerves needed for the voluntary muscles

68 Divisions of the Nervous System

69 Autonomic Nervous System The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and muscles of the internal organs Monitors the autonomic functions Controls breathing, blood pressure, and digestive processes Divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

70 Divisions of the Nervous System

71 Sympathetic Nervous System The part of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body to deal with perceived threats Fight or flight response

72 Divisions of the Nervous System

73 Parasympathetic Nervous System The part of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body Brings the body back down to a relaxed state

74 Divisions of the Nervous System

75 The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

76 The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

77 The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

78 The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

79 The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

80 The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

81 The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

82 The Nervous System and the Endocrine System The Endocrine System

83 Endocrine System One of the body s two communication systems. A set of glands that produce hormones-- chemical messengers that circulate in the blood

84 Hormone Chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands and circulated in the blood Similar to neurotransmitters in that they are also messengers Slower communication system, but with longer lasting effects

85 Pituitary Gland The endocrine system s gland that, in conjunction with the brain, controls the other endocrine glands Called the master gland Located at the base of the brain and connects to the hypothalamus

86 Endocrine System Pituitary Gland

87 Thyroid Gland Endocrine gland that helps regulate the energy level in the body Located in the neck

88 Endocrine System Thyroid Gland

89 Adrenal Gland Endocrine glands that help to arouse the body in times of stress Located just above the kidneys Release epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) increase heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar.

90 Endocrine System Adrenal Gland

91 Pancreatic Gland Regulates the level of blood sugar in the blood

92 Endocrine System Pancreatic Gland

93 Sex Glands Ovaries (females) and testes (males) are the glands that influence emotion and physical development. Testosterone primary male hormone Estrogen primary female hormone Males and females have both estrogen and testosterone in their systems.

94 Endocrine System Sex Glands

Thinking About Psychology

Thinking About Psychology Thinking About Psychology Charles T. Blair-Broeker & Randal M. Ernst PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2012 Biopsychology Domain Andreas Pollok/the Image

More information

The Nervous System and the Endocrine System

The Nervous System and the Endocrine System The Nervous System and the Endocrine System Neurons: The Building Blocks of the Nervous System Nervous System The electrochemical communication system of the body Sends messages from the brain to the

More information

TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS

TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS Acetylcholine (ACH) Deals with motor movement and memory. Too much and you will. Too little and you will Lack of ACH has been linked to Alzheimer s disease. Serotonin Involved

More information

Neural and Hormonal Systems

Neural and Hormonal Systems PSYCHOLOGY (8th Edition, in Modules) David Myers PowerPoint Slides Worth Publishers, 2007 1 Neural and Hormonal Systems Module 4 2 Neural and Hormonal Systems Neural Communication Neurons How Neurons Communicate

More information

Biological Psychology. Key Point for this Unit: Everything psychological is simultaneously biological!!

Biological Psychology. Key Point for this Unit: Everything psychological is simultaneously biological!! Biological Psychology Key Point for this Unit: Everything psychological is simultaneously biological!! NEURON Dendrites Dendrites receive messages from other cells and conduct impulses toward the cell

More information

Nervous System (cont)

Nervous System (cont) Nervous System (cont) Dopamine Deals with motor movement and alertness. Lack of dopamine has been linked to Parkinson s disease. Too much has been linked to schizophrenia. Endorphins Involved in pain control.

More information

Neural and Hormonal Systems

Neural and Hormonal Systems Neural and Hormonal Systems Explains why we feel strong, sad, happy & nervous. Neurons are specialized cells of the nervous system that transmit signals throughout the body Soma The cell body of a neuron,

More information

I. Biological Psychology and Neurotransmission

I. Biological Psychology and Neurotransmission I. Biological Psychology and Neurotransmission Objectives: Explain why psychologists are concerned with human biology. Describe the parts of a neuron, and explain how its impulses are generated. Describe

More information

AP PSYCH Unit 3A Biological Basis Of Behavior Neural Processing & The Endocrine System

AP PSYCH Unit 3A Biological Basis Of Behavior Neural Processing & The Endocrine System AP PSYCH Unit 3A Biological Basis Of Behavior Neural Processing & The Endocrine System 1. Everything psychological is simultaneously biological 2. What are neurons and how do they communicate? 3. How do

More information

Unit 2 Multiple Choice test

Unit 2 Multiple Choice test Name: Date: 1. Resting potential is to action potential as is to. A) adrenal gland; pituitary gland B) sensory neuron; motor neuron C) temporal lobe; occipital lobe D) polarization; depolarization E) dendrite;

More information

Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010

Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which

More information

Biological Psychology

Biological Psychology Unit 3a Defini,ons Biological Psychology = a branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior. Some biological psychologists call themselves behavioral neuroscientists, neuropsychologists,

More information

Nervous System 2. Quick Video

Nervous System 2. Quick Video Nervous System 2 McMurray/Tarshish Intro Psych Quick Video https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=4gdjcd68sge 1 10/16/15 Divisions of Nervous System Nervous system divisions CNS PNS Sensory (in) Motor (out)

More information

Unit III. Biological Bases of Behavior

Unit III. Biological Bases of Behavior Unit III Biological Bases of Behavior Module 9: Biological Psychology and Neurotransmission Module 10: The Nervous and Endocrine Systems Module 11: Studying the Brain, and Other Structures Module 12: The

More information

Biology of the Mind Neural and Hormonal Systems. Worth/Palgrave/Macmillan Publishers

Biology of the Mind Neural and Hormonal Systems. Worth/Palgrave/Macmillan Publishers Biology of the Mind Neural and Hormonal Systems Worth/Palgrave/Macmillan Publishers Neural Communication Biological Psychology branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior

More information

1. What are the two basic types of cells in the nervous system? Neurons and Glial Cells

1. What are the two basic types of cells in the nervous system? Neurons and Glial Cells Biological Psychology Basic Structure of a Neuron 1. What are the two basic types of cells in the nervous system? Neurons and Glial Cells a. Cells that process incoming signals and respond by sending out

More information

UNIT 3 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. - DIVISIONs - THE NEURON

UNIT 3 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. - DIVISIONs - THE NEURON UNIT 3 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM - DIVISIONs - THE NEURON CHARACTERISTICS COMPLEXITY: nerve cells connecting allow you to do EVERYTHING you will ever do INTEGRATION: brain pulls all information you get together

More information

Psychology study guide chapter 2

Psychology study guide chapter 2 Psychology study guide chapter 2 Phrenology Developed by Franz Gall in the early 1800 s Study of bumps on the skull and the relationship to mental abilities and character traits Yielded one big idea: different

More information

Study Guide Answer Key Nervous System

Study Guide Answer Key Nervous System Biology 12 Human Biology Textbook: BC Biology 12 Study Guide Answer Key Nervous System 1. Draw a neuron, label 3 parts and give the function of those parts. Dendrite: carry signals to the cell body Cell

More information

Nervous & Endocrine Systems. Unit 3

Nervous & Endocrine Systems. Unit 3 Nervous & Endocrine Systems Unit 3 Modified PowerPoint from: Aneeq Ahmad -- Henderson State University. Worth Publishers 2007 Goals for today Describe the nervous system and its subdivisions and functions:

More information

Chapter 3. Biological Processes

Chapter 3. Biological Processes Biological Processes Psychology, Fifth Edition, James S. Nairne What s It For? Biological Solutions Communicating internally Initiating and coordinating behavior Regulating growth and other internal functions

More information

NEUROTRANSMITTERS. Contraction of muscles to move our bodies Release hormones Psychological states of thinking and emotions

NEUROTRANSMITTERS. Contraction of muscles to move our bodies Release hormones Psychological states of thinking and emotions NEUROTRANSMITTERS NEURONS Neurons don t actually touch Separated by a tiny fluid-filled gap called a synapse Neural impulses must be ferried across the synapse by chemical messengers called neurotransmitters.

More information

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Station 9 : THE SPINAL CORD

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Station 9 : THE SPINAL CORD Station 9 : THE SPINAL CORD The spinal cord is a long thin bundle of nerve cells that extends from the medulla of the brainstem all the way down the vertebral column. The spinal cord is made up of gray

More information

Name: Period: Chapter 2 Reading Guide The Biology of Mind

Name: Period: Chapter 2 Reading Guide The Biology of Mind Name: Period: Chapter 2 Reading Guide The Biology of Mind The Nervous System (pp. 55-58) 1. What are nerves? 2. Complete the diagram below with definitions of each part of the nervous system. Nervous System

More information

Psychology in Your Life

Psychology in Your Life Sarah Grison Todd Heatherton Michael Gazzaniga Psychology in Your Life SECOND EDITION Chapter 2 The Role of Biology in Psychology 1 2016 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 2.1 How Do Our Nervous Systems Affect

More information

Why does the writer above love running so much? One of the reasons. The Nervous System: The Basic Structure. Reader s Guide. Exploring Psychology

Why does the writer above love running so much? One of the reasons. The Nervous System: The Basic Structure. Reader s Guide. Exploring Psychology The Nervous System: The Basic Structure Reader s Guide Main Idea Learning about the nervous system helps us know how messages that are sent to the brain cause behavior. Vocabulary central nervous system

More information

Acetylcholine (ACh) Action potential. Agonists. Drugs that enhance the actions of neurotransmitters.

Acetylcholine (ACh) Action potential. Agonists. Drugs that enhance the actions of neurotransmitters. Acetylcholine (ACh) The neurotransmitter responsible for motor control at the junction between nerves and muscles; also involved in mental processes such as learning, memory, sleeping, and dreaming. (See

More information

biological psychology, p. 40 The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. neuroscience, p. 40

biological psychology, p. 40 The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. neuroscience, p. 40 biological psychology, p. 40 The specialized branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and system; also called biopsychology or psychobiology. neuroscience,

More information

Neurons Chapter 7 2/19/2016. Learning Objectives. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System

Neurons Chapter 7 2/19/2016. Learning Objectives. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System. Cells of the Nervous System Learning Objectives Neurons Chapter 7 Identify and describe the functions of the two main divisions of the nervous system. Differentiate between a neuron and neuroglial cells in terms of structure and

More information

Modules 4 & 6. The Biology of Mind

Modules 4 & 6. The Biology of Mind Modules 4 & 6 The Biology of Mind 1 Neuron - 100 Billion - Communication System Glial cells Cell body (nucleus) Dendrites Axon Axon Terminals (terminal buttons) Synaptic cleft 3 4 Communication Within

More information

The Nervous System. Biological School. Neuroanatomy. How does a Neuron fire? Acetylcholine (ACH) TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS

The Nervous System. Biological School. Neuroanatomy. How does a Neuron fire? Acetylcholine (ACH) TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS Biological School The Nervous System It is all about the body!!!! It starts with an individual nerve cell called a NEURON. Synapse Neuroanatomy Neurotransmitters (chemicals held in terminal buttons that

More information

Biology of the Mind Neural and Hormonal Systems. Worth/Palgrave/Macmillan Publishers

Biology of the Mind Neural and Hormonal Systems. Worth/Palgrave/Macmillan Publishers Biology of the Mind Neural and Hormonal Systems Worth/Palgrave/Macmillan Publishers Neural Communication Biological Psychology branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior

More information

Chapter 2 The Brain or Bio Psychology

Chapter 2 The Brain or Bio Psychology Chapter 2 The Brain or Bio Psychology 1 2 3 1 Glial Cells Surround neurons and hold them in place Make Myelin (covering for neurons) Manufacture nutrient chemicals neurons need Absorb toxins and waste

More information

Lesson 14. The Nervous System. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1

Lesson 14. The Nervous System. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Lesson 14 The Nervous System Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Structures and Functions of Nerve Cells The nervous system has two principal cell types: Neurons (nerve cells) Glia The functions

More information

Name: Period: Test Review: Chapter 2

Name: Period: Test Review: Chapter 2 Name: Period: Test Review: Chapter 2 1. The function of dendrites is to A) receive incoming signals from other neurons. B) release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons. C) coordinate

More information

D) around, bypassing B) toward

D) around, bypassing B) toward Nervous System Practice Questions 1. Which of the following are the parts of neurons? A) brain, spinal cord, and vertebral column B) dendrite, axon, and cell body C) sensory and motor D) cortex, medulla

More information

Nervous System Notes

Nervous System Notes Nervous System Notes The nervous system consists of a network of nerve cells or neurons. I. A nervous system is an important part of a cell s (or an organism s) ability to respond to the environment. A.

More information

Announcements. Returning to Lecture. Measurement in Psychology 2/5/2014. C. Correlation. 1. Correlated = related 2. Coefficient of correlation (r)

Announcements. Returning to Lecture. Measurement in Psychology 2/5/2014. C. Correlation. 1. Correlated = related 2. Coefficient of correlation (r) Announcements Check Attendance/Grade Query Tool on class website (psy150a1.org) for: Attendance tracking Syllabus Quiz Chapter 2 Aplia Homework due next Monday (Feb 10) Aplia deadline for purchase extended

More information

Neural Communication. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System. Communication in the Nervous System. 4 Common Components of a Neuron

Neural Communication. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System. Communication in the Nervous System. 4 Common Components of a Neuron Neural Communication Overview of CNS / PNS Electrical Signaling Chemical Signaling Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Somatic = sensory & motor Autonomic = arousal state Parasympathetic =

More information

The Nervous System. Anatomy of a Neuron

The Nervous System. Anatomy of a Neuron The Nervous System Chapter 38.1-38.5 Anatomy of a Neuron I. Dendrites II. Cell Body III. Axon Synaptic terminal 1 Neuron Connections dendrites cell body terminal cell body cell body terminals dendrites

More information

The Nervous System. Nervous System Functions 1. gather sensory input 2. integration- process and interpret sensory input 3. cause motor output

The Nervous System. Nervous System Functions 1. gather sensory input 2. integration- process and interpret sensory input 3. cause motor output The Nervous System Nervous System Functions 1. gather sensory input 2. integration- process and interpret sensory input 3. cause motor output The Nervous System 2 Parts of the Nervous System 1. central

More information

Unit 3: The Biological Bases of Behaviour

Unit 3: The Biological Bases of Behaviour Unit 3: The Biological Bases of Behaviour Section 1: Communication in the Nervous System Section 2: Organization in the Nervous System Section 3: Researching the Brain Section 4: The Brain Section 5: Cerebral

More information

Biology 12 Human Biology - The Nervous System Name. Main reference: Biology Concepts and Connects Sixth edition Chapter 28

Biology 12 Human Biology - The Nervous System Name. Main reference: Biology Concepts and Connects Sixth edition Chapter 28 Biology 12 Human Biology - The Nervous System Name Main reference: Biology Concepts and Connects Sixth edition Chapter 28 Vocabulary acetylcholine (ACh), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), action potential,

More information

synapse neurotransmitters Extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons, muscles, or glands

synapse neurotransmitters Extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons, muscles, or glands neuron synapse The junction between the axon tip of a sending neuron and the dendrite of a receiving neuron Building block of the nervous system; nerve cell Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic

More information

Body control systems. Nervous system. Organization of Nervous Systems. The Nervous System. Two types of cells. Organization of Nervous System

Body control systems. Nervous system. Organization of Nervous Systems. The Nervous System. Two types of cells. Organization of Nervous System Body control systems Nervous system Nervous system Quick Sends message directly to target organ Endocrine system Sends a hormone as a messenger to the target organ Slower acting Longer lasting response

More information

Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue. Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1

Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue. Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1 Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1 Terms to Know CNS PNS Afferent division Efferent division Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic

More information

Psychology Unit II: The Brain and Biology

Psychology Unit II: The Brain and Biology Psychology Unit II: The Brain and Biology NATURE or NURTURE What are the effects of biochemistry on behavior? VOCABULARY Central Nervous System (CNS): The central nervous system is the part of the nervous

More information

The Brain & Homeostasis. The Brain & Technology. CAT, PET, and MRI Scans

The Brain & Homeostasis. The Brain & Technology. CAT, PET, and MRI Scans The Brain & Homeostasis Today, scientists have a lot of information about what happens in the different parts of the brain; however they are still trying to understand how the brain functions. We know

More information

Functions of the Nervous System

Functions of the Nervous System The Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System 1. Control center for all body activities 2. Responds and adapts to changes that occur both inside and outside the body (Ex: pain, temperature, pregnancy)

More information

Chapter 6. Body and Behavior

Chapter 6. Body and Behavior Chapter 6 Body and Behavior Section 1 The Nervous System: The Basic Structure How the nervous system works Central nervous system (CNS)- the brain and spinal cord Spinal cord- nerves that run up and down

More information

Human Nervous System. The nervous system has three functions

Human Nervous System. The nervous system has three functions Chapter 37 Human Nervous System The nervous system has three functions 1) Receive sensory input from both external and internal stimuli 2) Perform integration. (Coordinating all of the various inputs of

More information

Neural Communication. Neural Communication. Myers PSYCHOLOGY - Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior. Definitions

Neural Communication. Neural Communication. Myers PSYCHOLOGY - Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior. Definitions Myers PSYCHOLOGY - Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior 1. Neural communication - Neurons - How Neurons Communicate - How Neurotransmitters Influence Us 2. The nervous system 3. The endocrine system 4.

More information

Five Levels of Organization Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism

Five Levels of Organization Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism 28.1 35.1 Levels Human of Body Organization Systems Five Levels of Organization Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANISM 28.1 35.1 Levels Human of Body Organization Systems

More information

Name Class Date. KEY CONCEPT The nervous system and the endocrine system provide the means by which organ systems communicate.

Name Class Date. KEY CONCEPT The nervous system and the endocrine system provide the means by which organ systems communicate. Section 1: How Organ Systems Communicate KEY CONCEPT The nervous system and the endocrine system provide the means by which organ systems communicate. VOCABULARY nervous system central nervous system (CNS)

More information

The Nervous System AP Biology

The Nervous System AP Biology The Nervous System 2005-2006 Neuron (nerve cell) signal direction dendrites cell body Structure fits function, it have many entry points for signal one path out transmits signal Nodes of Ranvier axon signal

More information

Chapter 12 Nervous System Review Assignment

Chapter 12 Nervous System Review Assignment Name: Class: Date: Chapter 12 Nervous System Review Assignment Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which part of a neuron receives an impulse

More information

1. Processes nutrients and provides energy for the neuron to function; contains the cell's nucleus; also called the soma.

1. Processes nutrients and provides energy for the neuron to function; contains the cell's nucleus; also called the soma. 1. Base of brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing 2. tissue destruction; a brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue 3. A thick band of axons that connects the

More information

Chapter 34 The Nervous System:

Chapter 34 The Nervous System: Chapter 34 The Nervous System: 3.5 Learning Objectives 3.5.3 Responses in the human 1. The nervous system: two-part division into the CNS and the PNS. 2. Neurons, name 3 types, give structure and function

More information

10/15/2010. Biology and Behavior Behavioral neuroscience: Biology and Behavior. The Nervous System

10/15/2010. Biology and Behavior Behavioral neuroscience: Biology and Behavior. The Nervous System Biology and Behavior Behavioral neuroscience: 2-1 Biology and Behavior To survive, human beings must be able to perform three interrelated activities: sensing events, or stimuli; processing stimuli; and

More information

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Homeostasis Strand

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Homeostasis Strand THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Homeostasis Strand Introduction In general, a nervous system has three overlapping functions : 1. Sensory input conduction of signals from sensory receptors to integration centres 2.

More information

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling The Neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system. Neurons are composed of a cell body, which contains the nucleus and organelles; Dendrites which are extensions

More information

WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM?

WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM? THE NERVOUS SYSTEM LEARNING OBJECTIVES To state the function of the Nervous system. To describe the structure and workings of the nervous system. To name the major parts of the nervous system. To describe

More information

Neurophysiology scripts. Slide 2

Neurophysiology scripts. Slide 2 Neurophysiology scripts Slide 2 Nervous system and Endocrine system both maintain homeostasis in the body. Nervous system by nerve impulse and Endocrine system by hormones. Since the nerve impulse is an

More information

Human Nervous System

Human Nervous System Human Nervous System A network of interconnected parts that controls behavior & connects us to the world Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System consists

More information

Page 1. Neurons Transmit Signal via Action Potentials: neuron At rest, neurons maintain an electrical difference across

Page 1. Neurons Transmit Signal via Action Potentials: neuron At rest, neurons maintain an electrical difference across Chapter 33: The Nervous System and the Senses Neurons: Specialized excitable cells that allow for communication throughout the body via electrical impulses Neuron Anatomy / Function: 1) Dendrites: Receive

More information

The Nervous System & Nervous tissue. Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi

The Nervous System & Nervous tissue. Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi The Nervous System & Nervous tissue Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi Functions of the Nervous System 1. Nervous system and endocrine system are the chief control centers in maintaining body homeostasis. 2. Nervous

More information

The Nervous System. Chapter 4. Neuron 3/9/ Components of the Nervous System

The Nervous System. Chapter 4. Neuron 3/9/ Components of the Nervous System Chapter 4 The Nervous System 1. Components of the Nervous System a. Nerve cells (neurons) Analyze and transmit information Over 100 billion neurons in system Four defined regions Cell body Dendrites Axon

More information

Chapter 12 Nervous System Written Assignment KEY

Chapter 12 Nervous System Written Assignment KEY Chapter 12 Nervous System Written Assignment KEY 1. Describe, in correct order, the events that occur during the transmission of a nerve impulse (action potential) as it travels from point X to point Y.

More information

Title: Biopsychology Specification: The divisions of the nervous system: central and peripheral (somatic and autonomic). SAMPLE

Title: Biopsychology Specification: The divisions of the nervous system: central and peripheral (somatic and autonomic). SAMPLE Title: Biopsychology Specification: The divisions of the nervous system: central and peripheral (somatic and autonomic). Q1 MCQ: Which of the following responses is caused by an activation of the parasympathetic

More information

BIOLOGY 2050 LECTURE NOTES ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I (A. IMHOLTZ) FUNDAMENTALS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND NERVOUS TISSUE P1 OF 5

BIOLOGY 2050 LECTURE NOTES ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I (A. IMHOLTZ) FUNDAMENTALS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND NERVOUS TISSUE P1 OF 5 P1 OF 5 The nervous system controls/coordinates the activities of cells, tissues, & organs. The endocrine system also plays a role in control/coordination. The nervous system is more dominant. Its mechanisms

More information

Chapter 2 Neuroscience, Genetics and Behavior. Neural Communication. Neural Communication. Myers PSYCHOLOGY (7th Ed)

Chapter 2 Neuroscience, Genetics and Behavior. Neural Communication. Neural Communication. Myers PSYCHOLOGY (7th Ed) Myers PSYCHOLOGY (7th Ed) Chapter 2 Neuroscience, Genetics and Behavior James A. McCubbin, PhD Clemson University Worth Publishers Neural Biological Psychology branch of psychology concerned with the links

More information

Bio11: The Nervous System. Body control systems. The human brain. The human brain. The Cerebrum. What parts of your brain are you using right now?

Bio11: The Nervous System. Body control systems. The human brain. The human brain. The Cerebrum. What parts of your brain are you using right now? Bio11: The Nervous System Body control systems Nervous system Quick Sends message directly to target organ Endocrine system Sends a hormone as a messenger to the target organ Can target several organs

More information

Chapter 7. Objectives

Chapter 7. Objectives Chapter 7 The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Objectives Discuss the general organization of the nervous system Describe the structure & function of a nerve Draw and label the pathways

More information

Function of the Nervous System

Function of the Nervous System Nervous System Function of the Nervous System Receive sensory information, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands to form a response Composed of neurons (functional unit of the nervous system)

More information

Primary Functions. Monitor changes. Integrate input. Initiate a response. External / internal. Process, interpret, make decisions, store information

Primary Functions. Monitor changes. Integrate input. Initiate a response. External / internal. Process, interpret, make decisions, store information NERVOUS SYSTEM Monitor changes External / internal Integrate input Primary Functions Process, interpret, make decisions, store information Initiate a response E.g., movement, hormone release, stimulate/inhibit

More information

100 Million, Billion, Trillion What s the diff? *Shrug*

100 Million, Billion, Trillion What s the diff? *Shrug* Brain Facts 100 billion neurons A typical neuron has about 1,000 to 10,000 synapses (that is, it communicates with 1,000 10,000 other neurons, muscle cells, glands, etc.). 100 trillion synapses Weight

More information

Visualizing Psychology

Visualizing Psychology Visualizing Psychology by Siri Carpenter & Karen Huffman PowerPoint Lecture Notes Presentation Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Biological Foundations Siri Carpenter, Yale University Karen Huffman, Palomar

More information

Guided Reading Activities

Guided Reading Activities Name Period Chapter 28: Nervous Systems Guided Reading Activities Big idea: Nervous system structure and function Answer the following questions as you read modules 28.1 28.2: 1. Your taste receptors for

More information

Nervous System and Brain Review. Bio 3201

Nervous System and Brain Review. Bio 3201 Nervous System and Brain Review Bio 3201 Dont worry about: glial cells Oligodendrocytes Satelite cells etc Nervous System - Vital to maintaining homeostasis in organisms - Comprised of : brain, spinal

More information

Nervous System. Chapter Structure of the Nervous System. Neurons

Nervous System. Chapter Structure of the Nervous System. Neurons 33.1 Structure of the Neurons Neurons are specialized nerve cells that help you gather information about your environment, interpret the information, and react to it. Neurons consist of three main regions:

More information

35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38

35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38 1 of 38 35-2 The Nervous System The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. 2 of 38 Neurons Neurons The messages carried by

More information

Central vs. Peripheral Nervous System

Central vs. Peripheral Nervous System Nervous System 2 C 1 2 : A N A L Y Z E T H E F U N C T I O N A L I N T E R R E L A T I O N S H I P S O F T H E D I V I S I O N S O F T H E N E R V O U S S Y S T E M Central vs. Peripheral Nervous System

More information

Nervous System. 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands. 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data

Nervous System. 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands. 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data Nervous System 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands 3. Transmits impulses from CNS to muscles and glands 4. Transmits

More information

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM III

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM III THE NERVOUS SYSTEM III Small Review Review What is this? A neuron What does it do? Receives and transmits information Sending a signal How are signals sent in the nervous system? Message travels from neuron

More information

Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2

Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2 NAME PER DATE Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2 Matching: 1. afferent nerves 2. autonomic nervous system 3. cell body 4. central nervous system (CNS) 5. dendrites 6. efferent nerves 7. myelin sheath

More information

1. Name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System

1. Name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System CHAPTER 10: NERVOUS SYSTEM I OBJECTIVES 1. Name the two major divisions of the nervous system and list the organs within each. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Cranial

More information

Week 2 Psychology. The Brain and Behavior

Week 2 Psychology. The Brain and Behavior Week 2 Psychology The Brain and Behavior In this lesson, we will focus on the nervous system. We will learn about the Nervous System and its Command Center the Brain Characteristics and Divisions of the

More information

Warm-Up. Label the parts of the neuron below.

Warm-Up. Label the parts of the neuron below. Warm-Up Label the parts of the neuron below. A B C D E F G Warm-Up 1. One neuron transmits a nerve impulse at 40 m/s. Another conducts at the rate of 1 m/s. Which neuron has a myelinated axon? 2. List

More information

Chapter 7. The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement

Chapter 7. The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Chapter 7 The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Objectives Discuss the general organization of the nervous system Describe the structure & function of a nerve Draw and label the pathways

More information

THE HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE

THE HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE 1. Historically, how have neuroscientists determined the function of various brain regions? 2. Describe the impact of the Phineas Gage case on the field of neuroscience. 3. Explain neuron theory. THE HISTORY

More information

Chapter 6 Section 1. The Nervous System: The Basic Structure

Chapter 6 Section 1. The Nervous System: The Basic Structure Chapter 6 Section 1 The Nervous System: The Basic Structure Essential Question: How does studying the biology of the brain give us an understanding of our behavior? Draw or type 2 things you already know

More information

Nervous System. Lesson 11

Nervous System. Lesson 11 Nervous System Lesson 11 Reflex Arcs 1. Patellar reflex Causes leg to kick up 2. Achilles reflex Causes foot to jerk forward 3. Triceps reflex Causes arm to straighten 4. Babinski reflex 4. Pupil Dilation

More information

NERVOUS SYSTEM C H A P T E R 2 8

NERVOUS SYSTEM C H A P T E R 2 8 NERVOUS SYSTEM C H A P T E R 2 8 CAN AN INJURED SPINAL CORD BE FIXED? Injuries to the spinal cord disrupt communication between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the rest of the body

More information

THE CONTROL SYSTEMS NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE

THE CONTROL SYSTEMS NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE THE CONTROL SYSTEMS NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE Introduction to nervous system There are 3 main parts to your Nervous System 1. Your Nerves 2. Your Brain 3. Your Spinal Cord Your Nerves Your nerves are made

More information

THE HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE

THE HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE THE HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BEHAVIOR: THE NEURON & NEURAL COMMUNICATION NERVOUS SYSTEM Combined activity of the brain, spinal cord & other nerve fibers Acts as an information processing

More information

Biological Psychology. Phrenology (Franz Gall) branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior

Biological Psychology. Phrenology (Franz Gall) branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior Neural Communication Biological Psychology branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior some biological psychologists call themselves behavioral neuroscientists, neuropsychologists,

More information

Sincerely, Ms. Paoloni and Mrs. Whitney

Sincerely, Ms. Paoloni and Mrs. Whitney Dear Students, Welcome to AP Psychology! We will begin our course of study focusing on the nervous system with a particular emphasis on how the brain and neurotransmitters influence our behaviors. In preparation

More information

Unit 3 REVIEW. Name: Date:

Unit 3 REVIEW. Name: Date: Name: Date: 1. A person whose hand had been amputated actually felt sensations on his nonexistent fingers when his face was stroked. This best illustrates the consequences of A) lateralization. B) hemispherectomy.

More information

Nervous system. Made up of. Peripheral nervous system. Central nervous system. The central nervous system The peripheral nervous system.

Nervous system. Made up of. Peripheral nervous system. Central nervous system. The central nervous system The peripheral nervous system. Made up of The central nervous system The peripheral nervous system Nervous system Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system Brain Spinal Cord Cranial nerve Spinal nerve branch from the brain connect

More information

Functions of the Nervous System

Functions of the Nervous System The Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System 1. Control center for all body activities 2. Responds and adapts to changes that occur both inside and outside the body (Ex: pain, temperature, pregnancy)

More information