SBI4U PRACTICE QUIZ Endocrine and Nervous Systems

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1 SBI4U PRACTICE QUIZ Endocrine and Nervous Systems Part I: Multiple Choice 1. Steroid hormones operate by: A. crossing the cell membrane and starting transcription for the appropriate protein B. attaching to the cell membrane and increasing diffusion of target molecules C. binding to the DNA of the target cell, and stimulating DNA replication D. diffusing through the cell and then binding to the ribosomes 2. Epinephrine (adrenaline) is produced by the: A.! pituitary B.! kidneys C.! adrenal gland D.! thyroid 3. The central nervous system: A.! Contains the brain & spinal cord B.! has myelinated neurons C.! gathers data using sensory receptors D.! all of the above 4. A refractory period is the time when: A.! The signal jumps between neurons B.! Neuron repolarizes between impulses C.! Na + ions rush into the axon D.! The threshold level was reached! 5. The resting potential of an axon is established by: A.! Pumping the negative ions out B.! Opening the Na + gates C.! The sodium-potassium pump D.! All of the above 6. Rapid conduction of a nerve impulse in vertebrates is NOT due to: A.! white matter nerve cells. B.! nodes in the myelin sheath. C.! a higher number of synapses. D.! a rush of sodium ions causing! depolarization in the adjacent area 7. Generally speaking, a hormone is carried by: A. blood throughout the body but is effective in only certain cells. B. blood throughout the body and is ineffective in all cells. C. blood throughout the body and is effective in all cells. D. ducts throughout the body and is effective in certain cells. 8. Insecticides that inhibit the action of cholinesterase kill insects by: A. allowing the transmission of impulses across the synapse. B. destroying all nerve impulses. C. causing continuous nerve impulses and seizures. D. decreasing the use of ATP by the neuron. 9. Hormones: A. are NOT secreted into the bloodstream. B. are NOT effective in very low concentrations C. are effective in cells that may be far from where the hormone is made. D. have a faster effect than that mediated by the nervous system. 10. When the threshold level of a stimulus is just reached, the impulse carried by the neuron is the same as if the threshold level were exceeded. This phenomenon is known as: A.! action potential. B.! reverse polarity. C.! a refractory response. D. an all-or-none response. 11. A neuron is ready to receive an action potential when it is: A. repolarized B. depolarized C. hyperpolarized D. underpolarized

2 Part II: Diagrams 1. Draw a labelled diagram of a reflex arc including the sensory receptor, the stimulus, motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron, and spinal cord. Include a description of why you are not able to feel the pain instantly and why this is advantageous. (4) 2.. Describe the negative feedback system the controls the amount of sugar in your blood. Include any hormones or organs involved. (4) Part III: Short Answer 1. Compare and contrast the endocrine and nervous systems with respect to signal, speed, and function. [3] 2. Consider a neuron. a) What is the charge on the outside and inside of the cell membrane at rest? [1]

3 b) What happens to the charge on the inside and outside of the cell membrane when an electrical disturbance occurs? How does this occur? (Be specific - talk about ion movement!) [2] c) How does the neuron recover from the electrical disturbance? (Be specific - talk about ion movement!) [2] Part IV: Matching Match the following terms with their meaning or function. (10) Term insulin spermatogenesis calcitonin menstruation thyroxin and triodothyronine growth hormone glucagon repolarization threshold potential refractory period Definition A. speeds up the removal of sugar from the bloodstream B. monthly cycle that prepares the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg C. the production of sperm D. stimulates cell division E. lowers calcium concentrations F. occurs when potassium ions flow out of the neuron after the action potential has passed G. increases metabolic rate H. the amount of time needed for a neuron to get ready for the next action potential I. increases the amount of sugar in the blood J. the amount of disturbance needed in order for an action potential to be made

4 SBI4U PRACTICE QUIZ Endocrine and Nervous Systems Part I: Multiple Choice 1. Steroid hormones operate by: A. crossing the cell membrane and starting transcription for the appropriate protein B. attaching to the cell membrane and increasing diffusion of target molecules C. binding to the DNA of the target cell, and stimulating DNA replication D. diffusing through the cell and then binding to the ribosomes 2. Epinephrine (adrenaline) is produced by the: A.! pituitary B.! kidneys C.! adrenal gland D.! thyroid 3. The central nervous system: A.! Contains the brain & spinal cord B.! has myelinated neurons C.! gathers data using sensory receptors D.! all of the above 4. A refractory period is the time when: A.! The signal jumps between neurons B.! Neuron repolarizes between impulses C.! Na + ions rush into the axon D.! The threshold level was reached! 5. The resting potential of an axon is established by: A.! Pumping the negative ions out B.! Opening the Na + gates C.! The sodium-potassium pump D.! All of the above 6. Rapid conduction of a nerve impulse in vertebrates is NOT due to: A.! white matter nerve cells. B.! nodes in the myelin sheath. C.! a higher number of synapses. D.! a rush of sodium ions causing! depolarization in the adjacent area 7. Generally speaking, a hormone is carried by: A. blood throughout the body but is effective in only certain cells. B. blood throughout the body and is ineffective in all cells. C. blood throughout the body and is effective in all cells. D. ducts throughout the body and is effective in certain cells. 8. Insecticides that inhibit the action of cholinesterase kill insects by: A. allowing the transmission of impulses across the synapse. B. destroying all nerve impulses. C. causing continuous nerve impulses and seizures. D. decreasing the use of ATP by the neuron. 9. Hormones: A. are NOT secreted into the bloodstream. B. are NOT effective in very low concentrations C. are effective in cells that may be far from where the hormone is made. D. have a faster effect than that mediated by the nervous system. 10. When the threshold level of a stimulus is just reached, the impulse carried by the neuron is the same as if the threshold level were exceeded. This phenomenon is known as: A.! action potential. B.! reverse polarity. C.! a refractory response. D. an all-or-none response. 11. A neuron is ready to receive an action potential when it is: A. repolarized B. depolarized C. hyperpolarized D. underpolarized

5 Name: Part II: Diagrams 1. Draw a labelled diagram of a reflex arc including the sensory receptor, the stimulus, motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron, and spinal cord. Include a description of why you are not able to feel the pain instantly and why this is advantageous. (4) You are not able to feel the pain instantly because the signal does not make it to your brain. spinal cord interneuron This is advantageous otherwise a lot of damage to tissues could occur. 2.. Describe the negative feedback system the controls the amount of sugar in your blood. Include any hormones or organs involved. (4)

6 Part III: Short Answer 1. Compare and contrast the endocrine and nervous systems with respect to signal, speed, and function. [3] Endocrine Nervous hormones/chemical signal slow long-lasting effects electrical fast reactions that need to be immediate 2. Consider a neuron. a) What is the charge on the outside and inside of the cell membrane at rest? [1] positive outside, negative inside b) What happens to the charge on the inside and outside of the cell membrane when an electrical disturbance occurs? How does this occur? (Be specific - talk about ion movement!) [2] - sodium gates open and sodium rushes in (causes depolarization) - sodium gates close/potassium gates open - potassium moves out c) How does the neuron recover from the electrical disturbance? (Be specific - talk about ion movement!) [2] - sodium/potassium pump restores and maintains resting potential Part IV: Matching Match the following terms with their meaning or function. (10) Term Definition A insulin C spermatogenesis E calcitonin B menstruation G thyroxin and triodothyronine D growth hormone A. speeds up the removal of sugar from the bloodstream B. monthly cycle that prepares the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg C. the production of sperm D. stimulates cell division E. lowers calcium concentrations F. occurs when potassium ions flow out of the neuron after the action potential has passed

7 Term I glucagon F repolarization J threshold potential H refractory period G. increases metabolic rate Definition H. the amount of time needed for a neuron to get ready for the next action potential I. increases the amount of sugar in the blood J. the amount of disturbance needed in order for an action potential to be made

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