SAMPLE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS

Transcription

1 SAMPLE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS PLEASE NOTE, THE QUESTIONS BELOW SAMPLE THE ENTIRE LECTURE COURSE AND THEREORE INCLUDE QUESTIONS ABOUT TOPICS THAT WE HAVE NOT YET COVERED IN CLASS. 1. Which of the following statements is consistent with the monistic view of the mind-body problem? A) Energy makes up everything. B) The body can influence the mind through the actions of the pineal gland. C) The mind is spiritual, while the body is made from matter. D) The mind can exist apart from the body. E) The mind is generated through the physical actions of the brain. 2. CSF flows from third ventricle to the fourth ventricle via the A) choroid plexi. B) subarachnoid spaces. C) massa intermedia. D) arachnoid granulations. E) cerebellar aqueduct. 3. The physical gap that carries a neural message between the two nerve cells is the A) glial junction B) axon contact C) neural gap D) synapse E) interneuron 4. The hallucinatory drug PCP (phencyclidine) A) is an antagonist of the NMDA receptor. B) facilitates the binding of glutamate to the AMPA receptor. C) releases serotonin from neurons in the raphe nuclei. D) inhibits the dendrites of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area. E) acts via the blockade of serotonin receptors.

2 5. The procedure uses electricity to eject a chemical from a micropipette onto a nerve cell. A) microdialysis B) microiontophoresis C) endocytotic D) in situ hybridization E) radio-frequency 6. The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of the axon membrane is defined as the A) membrane potential B) local potential C) action potential D) resting potential E) axon potential 7. Identify the correct pathway by which auditory information flows to the brain. A) auditory nerve! superior olivary nuclei! medial geniculate! superior colliculus! auditory cortex B) auditory nerve! cochlear nuclei! medial geniculate! auditory cortex C) auditory nerve! cochlear nuclei! superior olivary nuclei! inferior colliculus! medial geniculate! auditory cortex D) auditory nerve! cochlear nuclei! superior olivary nuclei! medial geniculate! auditory cortex E) auditory nerve! cochlear nuclei! superior colliculus! lateral geniculate! auditory cortex 8. Which of the following do NOT belong together? A) occipital lobe; visual function B) frontal lobe; motor function C) frontal lobe; auditory function D) insular cortex; taste function E) temporal lobe; auditory function

3 9. A drug that binds with a postsynaptic receptor, but does not open ion channels would be termed A) a direct agonist B) a ligand C) a direct antagonist D) a neurotransmitter E) an autoreceptor 10. Which of the following treatments would be expected to increase locomotion and to enhance the amount of cortical arousal evident in an EEG record? A) electrical stimulation of the frontal cortex B) damage to the locus coeruleus C) damage to the raphe nuclei D) electrical stimulation of the raphe nuclei E) injection of high levels of GABA into the raphe nuclei 11. A female rat is ovariectomized and then injected with testosterone immediately after birth. In adulthood, this rat is injected with testosterone and placed in a cage with a receptive female rat. The OVARIECTOMIZED female rat will A) show evidence of maternal aggression. B) attempt to mount the female. C) show lordosis to the female rat. D) show female sexual behaviors. E) show intermale aggression. 12. Reinforcing effects of electrical brain stimulation and of drugs such as amphetamine reflect an action on projections of the. A) leptin; mesocortical pathway B) norepinephrine; nigrostriatal pathway C) dopamine; nigrostriatal pathway D) dopamine; mesolimbic pathway E) GABA; mesocortical pathway

4 13. The ventral stream of visual association cortex continues into the and carries information relating to. A) inferior temporal cortex; object location B) posterior parietal cortex; object location C) posterior parietal cortex; object recognition D) inferior temporal cortex; object recognition E) primary visual cortex; object shape and color 14. People with anterograde amnesia A) show impairment of perceptual memory. B) show impairments in motor memory. C) show impairment of complex relational learning. D) are unable to recall childhood experiences. E) show facilitated stimulus-response learning. 15. Placing an axon into a medium containing no calcium ions would be expected to A) decrease the time required to move sodium ions out of the axon terminal. B) enhance the voltage changes associated with the action potential. C) increase the number of transmitter molecules released from the axon terminal. D) prolong the refractory period of the action potential. E) prevent the release of neurotransmitter into the synapse. 16. The region of cortex lies buried within a fissure between the and the lobes. A) calcarine; temporal; frontal B) insular; parietal; frontal C) calcarine; insular; occipital D) insular; frontal; temporal E) parietal; frontal; calcarine 17. Assume that electrical stimulation of the right motor cortex elicits limb movements on the left side of the body. In this instance, we would describe this as a organization of motor cortex and the muscles of the body. A) contralateral B) contramedial C) ipsilateral D) bilateral E) contrasagittal

5 18. Rapid sensory feedback from motor movements arises from the to guide movements controlled by the primary motor cortex. A) basal ganglia B) cingular cortex C) premotor cortex. D) gamma motor system E) primary somatosensory cortex 19. Dringenberg et al., (2008) used two behavioral tasks to examine the effects of hippocampal manipulations on defensive behaviours in rats. These tests were A) sexual behaviour and conditioned defensive burying B) Morris water maze and conditioned taste aversion C) Radial arm maze and elevated plus maze D) elevated plus maze and conditioned defensive burying E) elevated plus maze and conditioned taste aversion 20. The long-term emotional component of chronic pain is mediated by pathways that A) reach the temporal cortex B) project from the spinal cord to the primary somatosensory cortex C) reach the anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex D) project to the prefrontal cortex E) involve the amygdala 21. A species-typical defensive response for a rat would include A) eating B) approach to the fear stimulus C) grooming D) sniffing the fear stimulus E) freezing of motor movements 22. The primary function of the Pacinian corpuscle is to detect A) vibration B) cold C) heat D) texture E) harmful stimulation

6 23. The neurotransmitter at the afferent synapses of the auditory nerve is which acts to produce within the nerve axons. A) acetylecholine; EPSPs B) GABA; EPSPs C) glutamate; IPSPs D) glutamate; EPSPs E) acetylcholine; IPSPs 24. Rene Descartes asserted that A) humans cannot understand the nature of the real world. B) the heart is the seat of thought and emotion. C) the brain acts to cool the passions of the heart. D) animals are mechanical creatures controlled by environmental stimuli. E) the mind is an emerging property of the brain. 25. The increased arousal and sleeplessness produced by amphetamine is related to the release of A) norepinephrine. B) serotonin. C) acetylcholine. D) dopamine. E) GABA.