Method Development and Validation of Emtricitabine in Bulk by UV Spectroscopy

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Human Journals Research Article February 2019 Vol.:14, Issue:3 All rights are reserved by Gandi Anusha et al.

Nikhil Yaswanth, 4 L.V. V.Satyanarayana, 5 G.Ganga Bhavani Adarsa College of Pharmacy, G.Kothapalli-533285, Gokavaram, East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India.

emtricitabine in bulk form. The solutions of the standard were prepared in methanol. The wavelength for emtricitabine was found to be 225nm.

1 Human Journals Research Article February 2019 Vol.:14, Issue:3 All rights are reserved by Gandi Anusha et al. Method Development and Validation of Emtricitabine in Bulk by UV Spectroscopy Keywords: Emtricitabine, spectroscopy, method development. ABSTRACT 1* Gandi Anusha, 2 N.Pujitha, 3 P.Nikhil Yaswanth, 4 L.V. V.Satyanarayana, 5 G.Ganga Bhavani Adarsa College of Pharmacy, G.Kothapalli , Gokavaram, East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India. Submission: 21 January 2019 Accepted: 27 January 2019 Published: 28 February 2019 A simple, rapid, precise and economical spectrophotometric method has been developed for quantitative analysis of emtricitabine in bulk form. The solutions of the standard were prepared in methanol. The wavelength for emtricitabine was found to be 225nm. The method can be adopted in routine analysis of emtricitabine in bulk form and it involves relatively low-cost solvents and no complex extraction techniques. The drug showed linearity in the range of 2-10µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of The method validated for different validation parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, detection limit, quantitation limits, robustness, ruggedness, and the results were found to be within the acceptable limits as per the guidelines of International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH).

2 INTRODUCTION Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection in adults and children. The chemical name of emtricitabine is 4-amino-5- fluoro- 1[(2R, 5S)- 2(hydroxymethyl)-1,3oxathialon-5yl]ne. It has a molecular formula of C8H10FN3O3S. Emtricitabine is a white colored crystalline powder having a solubility in methanol, water, 0.1N NaOH, and 0.1N HCl. The melting point of emtricitabine is C. Figure 1: Structure of Emtricitabine MATERIALS AND METHODS Drug, solvents, chemicals: Emtricitabine was obtained as a gift sample from Dr. REDDY S Pharmaceutical private limited, Hyderabad. Methanol and distilled water are used as solvents for this method and were procured from the local market. INSTRUMENTS: Instruments employed for the study were WENSAR weighing scales limited (weighing balance). ELICO-Double beam SL-210/UV-Visible spectrophotometer with a pair of 10 mm matched quartz cells. Preparation of reagents: Preparation of stock 1 solution: Weigh accurately 100 mg of emtricitabine in a 100ml volumetric flask and dilute with up to the mark to get a concentration of 1000µg/ml. 47

3 Preparation of stock 2 solutions: Take 1.0ml of the above stock-1 solution and dilute with methanol in 100ml of volumetric flask to get a concentration of 10µg/ml. Preparation of stock 3 solutions: From stock-1 solution, take 1.0ml and dilute with methanol in a 10ml volumetric flask to get a concentration of 100µg/ml. Preparation of NaOH solution (0.1N): Accurately weighed 4 gms of NaOH, dissolved in few ml of water and final volume is makeup to 1000ml with distilled water, and standardized. Preparation of HCl solution: Accurately measured 8 ml of HCl and diluted in a few ml of water and final volume is made up to 1000ml with distilled water and standardized. METHODOLOGY Method development Based on the solubility and physical parameters of the drug the standard stock solution of the drug was prepared and wavelength maxima were determined. The λ max was found to be 225nm. Based on the absorbance maxima of the drug, different dilutions were prepared and the formulation estimation was carried out. Selection of the solvent: The solubility of emtricitabine was determined in a variety of solvents as per Indian pharmacopeia standards. Solubility test for emtricitabine was carried out in different polar solvents. From the solubility studies, methanol was selected as a suitable solvent for the proposed method. 48

4 Selection of λ max: The standard stock solution was further diluted with methanol to get 10 µg/ml concentrations. The solution was scanned between nm range using methanol as blank. From the UV spectra, 225nm was selected for analysis of emtricitabine. Figure 2: UV absorption spectrum of emtricitabine at 225nm METHOD VALIDATION Linearity: In this methanolic stock solution of emtricitabine ( ml of10µg/ml) were transferred into a 100ml volumetric flask and made up to the mark with methanol. The absorbance of different concentration solutions was measured at 225nm against blank. The sample was found to be linear from 2-10µg/ml the calibration curve was plotted using concentration vs absorbance. The curve obtained was linear in the concentration range of 2-10µg/ml. Preparation of 2µg/ml solution: From stock-3 solution, take 1.0ml and dilute with methanol in a 50ml volumetric flask to get a concentration of 2µg/ml. Preparation of 4µg/ml solution: From stock-3 solution, take 2.0 ml and dilute with methanol in a 50ml volumetric flask to get a concentration of 4µg/ml. 49

5 Preparation of 6µg/ml solution: From stock-3 solution, take 3.0ml and dilute with methanol in 50ml of volumetric flask to get a concentration of 6µg/ml. Preparation of 8µg/ml solution: From stock-3 solution, take 4.0ml and dilute with methanol in 50ml of volumetric flask to get a concentration of 8µg/ml. Preparation of 10µg/ml solution: From stock-3 solution, take 5.0ml and dilute with methanol in a 50ml volumetric flask to get a concentration of 10µg/ml. Figure 3: Calibration curve of Emtricitabine. Precision: To evaluate the precision of the methods, pure drug solution (within working limits) was analyzed and is repeated 6 times of two different days. The relative error (%) and relative standard deviation (%) were found to be well within the acceptance criteria of below 2, indicate the high accuracy and precision for the proposed methods. Preparation of 6µg/ml stock solution: From stock-3 solution, take 3.0ml and dilute with methanol in 50ml of volumetric flask to get a concentration of 6µg/ml. 50

6 Table 1: Precision result Precision % RSD Repeatability Intraday precision Inter-day precision Ruggedness: In order to determine this parameter, the analysis was performed at the same operational conditions and the same environmental conditions but using different analysis. Table 2: Ruggedness result Parameter % RSD Ruggedness Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ): The detection limit and quantification limit of the method were calculated as the µg/ml and µg/ml respectively. Table 3: Optical characteristics of emtricitabine by UV method Parameters Wavelength λ (nm) Method values 225 nm Beer s law limit (µg/ml) 3-21 Sandell s sensitivity (µg/cm 2 /0.001AU) Molar absorbtivity (L mol-1 cm-1) x10 4 Correlation co-efficient (r) Regression equation (Y=mx+c) Y=0.0956x Slope (m) Intercept (c) LOD(µg/ml) LOQ(µg/ml) Standard error of mean of regression line

7 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS In the present work, we have developed and validated a UV spectroscopic method. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The linearity was found to be 2-10µg/ml for UV spectroscopic method showing the correlation coefficient of The UV spectroscopic method was validated for linearity, precision, LOD, LOQ, and ruggedness and the results were tabulated in table 1, 2, 3. All the results were found to be within the limits as per ICH guidelines and hence the proposed method was successfully employed for the determination of Emtricitabine in its API for regular and routine analysis. CONCLUSION A simple, accurate, precise method was developed for the estimation of emtricitabine in bulk form. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. ACKNOWLEDGMENT We would like to thank the management of Adarsa College of Pharmacy for their encouragement and support providing necessary facilities to carry out the research work. REFERENCES 1. Douglas A. Skoog, Donald M. West, and James Holler F., Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 7 th edn., Pg. no H.H.Willard, L.L.Merit, F.A. Dean and F.A. Settle, Instrumental method of analysis 7 th edition, C.B.S.Publishers, New Delhi, 1986, Pg.no Silver stein R.M., Clayton Bassler, G. And Terrence c. Morrill. Spectrometric Identification of Organic compounds. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1991, Pg.no Sharma, Y.R. Elementary Organic Spectroscopy 4 th Revised and enlarged ed. S. Chand and Company Ltd., New Delhi. Chatwal, R. Gurdeep, and Sharma, K. Anand. Instrumental Methods of chemical analysis 5 th revised edn., Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai, 2000, Pg, no Sharma, B.K. Instrumental method of chemical analysis. 17 th edition, Krishna Prakashan media Pvt. Ltd., Meerut, 1997, pg.no G.Devala Rao, Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 4 th edition, Birla publications Pvt. Ltd., Meerut, 1997, pg.no Jag Mohan organic Analytical chemistry Theory and practice. 2 nd edition. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2006, pg.no Code Q2A, Text on validation of Analytical procedure, International Conference on Harmonisation, Geneva, October 1991, pg.no Code Q2b, Validation of Analysis Procedure: Methodology, International Conference on Harmonisation chem.nc bi.nim.nih.gov-emtricitabine labs. 52

MEDAK DIST. ANDHRA PRADESH STATE, INDIA. Research Article RECEIVED ON ACCEPTED ON

MEDAK DIST. ANDHRA PRADESH STATE, INDIA. Research Article RECEIVED ON ACCEPTED ON Page67 Available Online through IJPBS Volume 1 Issue 2 APRIL- JUNE 2011 SIMPLE QUANTITATIVE METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF VALSARTAN IN PUREFORM AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS BYUV SPECTROSCOPY