Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host"

Transcription

1 17 Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

2 SLOs Differentiate between innate and adaptive immunity, and humoral and cellular immunity. Define antigen, epitope, and hapten. Explain the function of antibodies and describe their structural and chemical characteristics. Name one function for each of the five classes of antibodies. Compare and contrast T-dependent antigens and T-independent antigens. Differentiate between plasma cell and memory cell. Describe clonal selection. Describe how a human can produce different antibodies. Describe four outcomes of an antigen-antibody reaction. Differentiate between helper T and cytotoxic T Define apoptosis. Define antigen-presenting cell. Describe the role of antibodies and natural killer cells in antibody-dependent cellmediated cytotoxicity. Identify at least one function of each of the following: cytokines, interleukins, interferons. Distinguish a primary from a secondary immune response. Contrast the four types of adaptive immunity.

3 Immune System Overview Innate immunity: An individual s genetically predetermined resistance to certain diseases. Adaptive immunity: Ability of the body to react to specific microbial infection. Adaptive immunity is antigen specific, has memory is made up of two branches Humoral Immunity (B cell mediated) Cellular Immunity (T cell mediated) collaborates with innate immunity has ability to ignore healthy self molecules (tolerance)

4 Vocabulary Antigen (Ag): A substance that causes the body to produce specific antibodies or sensitized T cells. Antibody (Ab): Proteins made in response to an Ag; can combine with that Ag. Serology: The study of reactions between antibodies and antigens. Antiserum: A generic term for serum because it contains Ab. Globulins: Serum proteins Immunoglobulins (= Gamma ( ) globulins): Serum antibodies Complement:

5 Serum Proteins Fig 17.18

6 The Nature of Antigens Antigens and antigenic Determinants Antibodies recognize and react with antigenic determinants or epitopes on an antigen Fig 17.1

7 Haptens Fig 17.2 Definition: Small separable part of an antigen that reacts specifically with an antibody but is incapable of stimulating antibody production except in combination with a carrier protein molecule

8 The Nature of Antibodies Immunoglobulin Structure: 4 polypeptide chains (2 heavy and 2 light) Fig 17.3 Variable regions Constant regions Fig 17.3

9 IgG antibodies Monomer 80% of serum antibodies Activate complement In blood, lymph, and intestine Cross placenta Enhance phagocytosis; neutralize toxins and viruses; protects fetus and newborn Half-life = 23 days

10 IgM Antibodies Pentamer 5-10% of serum antibodies Fix complement In blood, lymph, and on B cells Agglutinates microbes; first Ab produced in response to infection Half-life = 5 days

11 IgA Antibodies Dimer 10-15% of serum antibodies In secretions Mucosal protection Half-life = 6 days

12 IgD Antibodies Monomer 0.2% of serum antibodies In blood, lymph, and on B cells On B cells, initiate immune response Half-life = 3 days IgE Antibodies Monomer 0.002% of serum antibodies On mast cells, basophils, and in blood Allergic reactions; lysis of parasitic worms Half-life = 2 days

13 B cells and Humoral Immunity Effective against free antigen (toxins, bacterial surface structures, viruses in between cells) B cell receptors (mostly IgM and IgD) Activated B-cells go through clonal expansion leading to 1.Plasma cells (effector cell for antibody production) and 2.Memory cells

14 Clonal Selection Fig 17.5 ANIMATION Humoral Immunity: Clonal Selection and Expansion

15 Response to T dependent antigens B cells require help of T cells for most protein antigens (T-dependent ag) B cells internalize antigen and present it to T- helper cell in combination with MHC class II molecules If T cell recognizes antigen it activates B cell clonal expansion plasma cells and memory cells Review Fig 17.4

16 Antigen Presentation by B-cell Compare to Fig. 17.4

17 Response to T Independent Antigens No T-helper cells involved Polysaccharides (bacterial capsules) and LPS Weak response with no memory cells Young children react poorly Fig 17.6

18 Antibody Diversity different B-cell receptors How many genes in human genome? Mechanism of antibody diversity: somatic recombination (during embryonic development) Primarily through Gene rearrangement (mix and match) Susumu Tonegawa Nobel Prize 1987

19 Antigen Antibody Binding and its Results Affinity: Strength of bond between Ag and Ag. Specificity: Ab recognizes a specific epitope. Antibody function: 1. agglutinate and precipitate 2. opsonize 3. neutralize (immobilize and prevent adherence) 4. activate complement 5. Antibody-Dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) via NK cells and eosinophils Protective outcome disposal of antigen (based on antigen-antibody binding)

20 The Results of Ag-Ab Binding Fig 17.7

21

22 T Cells and Cellular Immunity T cells have TCR on surface. TCR does not recognize free antigen. Ag must be presented in association with MHC on an antigenpresenting cell (APC). Antigens are processed by APC and positioned on the surface of the APC. Compare to Fig 17.10

23 APCs Digest antigen Ag fragments on APC surface with MHC-II B cells Dendritic Cells Macrophages Activated macrophages: Macrophages stimulated by ingesting Ag or by cytokines. ANIMATION Cell-Mediated Immunity: Helper T Cells

24 Classes of T cells Helper T Cells (CD4, T H ) are activated by antigen presented by MHC class II. After binding to Ag presented by APC, CD4 cells secrete cytokines activating other T cells and B cells T H 1 cells activate cells involved in cellular immunity T H 2 stimulate production of eosinophils, IgM, and IgE ( associated with allergic reactions and parasitic infections) Cytotoxic T cells (CD8, T C, CTL) activated by endogenous antigens and MHC class I When activated transform into CTLs and memory cells CTLs lyse target cell or induce apoptosis

25 MHC Class I on all nucleated cells Antigen Recognition by T Cells MHC Class II on surface of APCs (Macrophages, B- cells, dendritic cells)

26 Mechanism of Action of CTL Destruction of cells displaying MHC-I-Ag complexes Perforin molecules create protein channels in target cell membrane Granzymes enter and trigger apoptosis in target cell Compare Copyright 2010 Pearson to Education, Fig. Inc Similar but different from MAC!!

27 Natural Killer (NK) Cells Granular leukocytes. Not immunologically specific. Lyse virus-infected and tumor cells. Kill target cell in absence of MHC-I (early stages of virus infection and tumor cells) Similar mechanism to CTLs In Antibody-Dependent Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) NK cells and macrophages lyse antibody-coated cells (protozoans and helminths) Fig 17.15

28 Immunological Memory Amount of antibody in serum is called the antibody titer. 1 response: Response of the body to the first contact with an antigen. Mostly IgM 2 response: any subsequent contact with the same antigen. Rapidly very high antibody titer. Mostly IgG Fig 17.16

29 Self Tolerance: Negative Selection Goal: eliminate B and T cells, recognizing self molecules Clonal deletion of B cells taking place in bone marrow apoptosis Negative selection of T cells in thymus Failure results in auto-antibodies and autoimmune disease

30 Types of Specific Immunity Active immunity Protection via introduction of antigen into responsive host, e.g.: Naturally acquired via infection or Artificially acquired via vaccination

31 Passive Immunity Protection via transfer of antibodies or immune cells into a non-immune host, e.g.: Naturally acquired: Fetus receives mothers antibodies via placenta Artificially acquired via vaccination injection of immune serum after exposure (snake bite, Rh+ child with Rhmother etc.)

32 Compare to Fig 17.17

33 Cellular Immunity Review T-cells specific surface receptors (TCRs) TCR cannot bind free ag. Ag must be presented by APCs Activated T-cells go through clonal expansion effector and memory T cells. CTLs directly kill virus infected and tumor cells T-helper cells help the humoral and cellular immunity

Third line of Defense

Third line of Defense Chapter 15 Specific Immunity and Immunization Topics -3 rd of Defense - B cells - T cells - Specific Immunities Third line of Defense Specific immunity is a complex interaction of immune cells (leukocytes)

More information

Third line of Defense. Topic 8 Specific Immunity (adaptive) (18) 3 rd Line = Prophylaxis via Immunization!

Third line of Defense. Topic 8 Specific Immunity (adaptive) (18) 3 rd Line = Prophylaxis via Immunization! Topic 8 Specific Immunity (adaptive) (18) Topics - 3 rd Line of Defense - B cells - T cells - Specific Immunities 1 3 rd Line = Prophylaxis via Immunization! (a) A painting of Edward Jenner depicts a cow

More information

The Immune System is the Third Line of Defense Against Infection. Components of Human Immune System

The Immune System is the Third Line of Defense Against Infection. Components of Human Immune System Chapter 17: Specific Host Defenses: The Immune Response The Immune Response Immunity: Free from burden. Ability of an organism to recognize and defend itself against specific pathogens or antigens. Immune

More information

CHAPTER-VII IMMUNOLOGY R.KAVITHA, M.PHARM, LECTURER, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS, SRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, SRM UNIVERSITY, KATTANKULATHUR.

CHAPTER-VII IMMUNOLOGY R.KAVITHA, M.PHARM, LECTURER, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS, SRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, SRM UNIVERSITY, KATTANKULATHUR. CHAPTER-VII IMMUNOLOGY R.KAVITHA, M.PHARM, LECTURER, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS, SRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, SRM UNIVERSITY, KATTANKULATHUR. The Immune Response Immunity: Free from burden. Ability of an

More information

Chapter 17B: Adaptive Immunity Part II

Chapter 17B: Adaptive Immunity Part II Chapter 17B: Adaptive Immunity Part II 1. Cell-Mediated Immune Response 2. Humoral Immune Response 3. Antibodies 1. The Cell-Mediated Immune Response Basic Steps of Cell-Mediated IR 1 2a CD4 + MHC cl.

More information

Chapter 23 Immunity Exam Study Questions

Chapter 23 Immunity Exam Study Questions Chapter 23 Immunity Exam Study Questions 1. Define 1) Immunity 2) Neutrophils 3) Macrophage 4) Epitopes 5) Interferon 6) Complement system 7) Histamine 8) Mast cells 9) Antigen 10) Antigens receptors 11)

More information

Blood and Immune system Acquired Immunity

Blood and Immune system Acquired Immunity Blood and Immune system Acquired Immunity Immunity Acquired (Adaptive) Immunity Defensive mechanisms include : 1) Innate immunity (Natural or Non specific) 2) Acquired immunity (Adaptive or Specific) Cell-mediated

More information

chapter 17: specific/adaptable defenses of the host: the immune response

chapter 17: specific/adaptable defenses of the host: the immune response chapter 17: specific/adaptable defenses of the host: the immune response defense against infection & illness body defenses innate/ non-specific adaptable/ specific epithelium, fever, inflammation, complement,

More information

Chapter 15 Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Chapter 15 Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization Chapter 15 Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization Adaptive Immunity: The third line of defense Third line of defense acquired and specific. Dual System of B and T lymphocytes- Immunocompetence Antigen

More information

I. Critical Vocabulary

I. Critical Vocabulary I. Critical Vocabulary A. Immune System: a set of glands, tissues, cells, and dissolved proteins that combine to defend against non-self entities B. Antigen: any non-self chemical that triggers an immune

More information

WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?

WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? CHAPTER 16 THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? The adaptive immune system protects us from many infections The adaptive immune system has memory so we are not infected by the same pathogen

More information

Internal Defense Notes

Internal Defense Notes Internal environment of animals provides attractive area for growth of bacteria, viruses, fungi Harm via: 1. destruction of cells 2. production of toxic chemicals To protect against foreign invaders, humans

More information

All animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately upon infection Vertebrates also have adaptive immunity

All animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately upon infection Vertebrates also have adaptive immunity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The Immune System All animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately upon infection Vertebrates also have adaptive immunity Figure 43.2 In innate immunity, recognition and

More information

The Immune System. These are classified as the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Innate Immunity

The Immune System. These are classified as the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Innate Immunity The Immune System Biological mechanisms that defend an organism must be 1. triggered by a stimulus upon injury or pathogen attack 2. able to counteract the injury or invasion 3. able to recognise foreign

More information

Defense & the Immune System. Immune System Agenda 4/28/2010. Overview. The bigger picture Non specific defenses Specific defenses (Immunity)

Defense & the Immune System. Immune System Agenda 4/28/2010. Overview. The bigger picture Non specific defenses Specific defenses (Immunity) Defense &The Immune System Overview Immune System Agenda The bigger picture Non specific defenses Specific defenses (Immunity) Defense & the Immune System Big Picture Defense Any means of preventing or

More information

Defensive mechanisms include :

Defensive mechanisms include : Acquired Immunity Defensive mechanisms include : 1) Innate immunity (Natural or Non specific) 2) Acquired immunity (Adaptive or Specific) Cell-mediated immunity Humoral immunity Two mechanisms 1) Humoral

More information

Immune System AP SBI4UP

Immune System AP SBI4UP Immune System AP SBI4UP TYPES OF IMMUNITY INNATE IMMUNITY ACQUIRED IMMUNITY EXTERNAL DEFENCES INTERNAL DEFENCES HUMORAL RESPONSE Skin Phagocytic Cells CELL- MEDIATED RESPONSE Mucus layer Antimicrobial

More information

Unit 5 The Human Immune Response to Infection

Unit 5 The Human Immune Response to Infection Unit 5 The Human Immune Response to Infection Unit 5-page 1 FOM Chapter 21 Resistance and the Immune System: Innate Immunity Preview: In Chapter 21, we will learn about the branch of the immune system

More information

Foundations in Microbiology

Foundations in Microbiology Foundations in Microbiology Fifth Edition Talaro Chapter 15 The Acquisition of Specific Immunity and Its Applications Chapter 15 2 Chapter Overview 1. Development of the Dual Lymphocyte System 2. Entrance

More information

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Outline PART 1: INNATE DEFENSES 21.1 Surface barriers act as the first line of defense to keep

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Outline PART 1: INNATE DEFENSES 21.1 Surface barriers act as the first line of defense to keep The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Outline PART 1: INNATE DEFENSES 21.1 Surface barriers act as the first line of defense to keep invaders out of the body (pp. 772 773; Fig. 21.1; Table

More information

Medical Virology Immunology. Dr. Sameer Naji, MB, BCh, PhD (UK) Head of Basic Medical Sciences Dept. Faculty of Medicine The Hashemite University

Medical Virology Immunology. Dr. Sameer Naji, MB, BCh, PhD (UK) Head of Basic Medical Sciences Dept. Faculty of Medicine The Hashemite University Medical Virology Immunology Dr. Sameer Naji, MB, BCh, PhD (UK) Head of Basic Medical Sciences Dept. Faculty of Medicine The Hashemite University Human blood cells Phases of immune responses Microbe Naïve

More information

For questions 1-5, match the following with their correct descriptions. (24-39) A. Class I B. Class II C. Class III D. TH1 E. TH2

For questions 1-5, match the following with their correct descriptions. (24-39) A. Class I B. Class II C. Class III D. TH1 E. TH2 Questions Made by SI ATTENDEES!! :) Page 1 of 6 Student-Made Practice Exam Activity All questions, answers, and slide numbers are based off of Monday s SI activity, where students/attendees created possible

More information

Chapter 21: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses

Chapter 21: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Chapter 21: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses I. 2 main types of body defenses A. Innate (nonspecific) defense: not to a specific microorganism or substance B. Adaptive (specific) defense: immunity to

More information

Physiology Unit 3. ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY The Specific Immune Response

Physiology Unit 3. ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY The Specific Immune Response Physiology Unit 3 ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY The Specific Immune Response In Physiology Today The Adaptive Arm of the Immune System Specific Immune Response Internal defense against a specific pathogen Acquired

More information

Immune system. Aims. Immune system. Lymphatic organs. Inflammation. Natural immune system. Adaptive immune system

Immune system. Aims. Immune system. Lymphatic organs. Inflammation. Natural immune system. Adaptive immune system Aims Immune system Lymphatic organs Inflammation Natural immune system Adaptive immune system Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Disorders of the immune system 1 2 Immune system Lymphoid organs Immune

More information

General Biology. A summary of innate and acquired immunity. 11. The Immune System. Repetition. The Lymphatic System. Course No: BNG2003 Credits: 3.

General Biology. A summary of innate and acquired immunity. 11. The Immune System. Repetition. The Lymphatic System. Course No: BNG2003 Credits: 3. A summary of innate and acquired immunity General iology INNATE IMMUNITY Rapid responses to a broad range of microbes Course No: NG00 Credits:.00 External defenses Invading microbes (pathogens). The Immune

More information

Topics. Humoral Immune Response Part II Accessory cells Fc Receptors Opsonization and killing mechanisms of phagocytes NK, mast, eosynophils

Topics. Humoral Immune Response Part II Accessory cells Fc Receptors Opsonization and killing mechanisms of phagocytes NK, mast, eosynophils Topics Humoral Immune Response Part II Accessory cells Fc Receptors Opsonization and killing mechanisms of phagocytes NK, mast, eosynophils Immune regulation Idiotypic network 2/15/2005 MICR 415 / 515

More information

Lines of Defense. Immunology, Immune Response, and Immunological Testing. Immunology Terminology

Lines of Defense. Immunology, Immune Response, and Immunological Testing. Immunology Terminology Immunology, Immune Response, and Immunological Testing Lines of Defense If the First and Second lines of defense fail, then the Third line of defense is activated. B and T lymphocytes undergo a selective

More information

Chapter 13 Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Chapter 13 Lymphatic and Immune Systems The Chapter 13 Lymphatic and Immune Systems 1 The Lymphatic Vessels Lymphoid Organs Three functions contribute to homeostasis 1. Return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream 2. Help defend the body against

More information

immunity produced by an encounter with an antigen; provides immunologic memory. active immunity clumping of (foreign) cells; induced by crosslinking

immunity produced by an encounter with an antigen; provides immunologic memory. active immunity clumping of (foreign) cells; induced by crosslinking active immunity agglutination allografts immunity produced by an encounter with an antigen; provides immunologic memory. clumping of (foreign) cells; induced by crosslinking of antigenantibody complexes.

More information

Defense mechanism against pathogens

Defense mechanism against pathogens Defense mechanism against pathogens Immune System What is immune system? Cells and organs within an animal s body that contribute to immune defenses against pathogens ( ) Bacteria -Major entry points ;open

More information

11/25/2017. THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Chapter 43 IMMUNITY INNATE IMMUNITY EXAMPLE IN INSECTS BARRIER DEFENSES INNATE IMMUNITY OF VERTEBRATES

11/25/2017. THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Chapter 43 IMMUNITY INNATE IMMUNITY EXAMPLE IN INSECTS BARRIER DEFENSES INNATE IMMUNITY OF VERTEBRATES THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Chapter 43 IMMUNITY INNATE IMMUNITY EXAMPLE IN INSECTS Exoskeleton made of chitin forms the first barrier to pathogens Digestive system is protected by a chitin-based barrier and lysozyme,

More information

Adaptive Immunity. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R

Adaptive Immunity. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R 16 Adaptive Immunity The Body s Third Line of Defense Adaptive Immunity Adaptive immunity

More information

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

White Blood Cells (WBCs) YOUR ACTIVE IMMUNE DEFENSES 1 ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE 2! Innate Immunity - invariant (generalized) - early, limited specificity - the first line of defense 1. Barriers - skin, tears 2. Phagocytes - neutrophils,

More information

C. Incorrect! MHC class I molecules are not involved in the process of bridging in ADCC.

C. Incorrect! MHC class I molecules are not involved in the process of bridging in ADCC. Immunology - Problem Drill 13: T- Cell Mediated Immunity Question No. 1 of 10 1. During Antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), the antibody acts like a bridge between the specific antigen

More information

NOTES: CH 43, part 2 Immunity; Immune Disruptions ( )

NOTES: CH 43, part 2 Immunity; Immune Disruptions ( ) NOTES: CH 43, part 2 Immunity; Immune Disruptions (43.3-43.4) Activated B & T Lymphocytes produce: CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE: involves specialized T cells destroying infected host cells HUMORAL IMMUNE

More information

Adaptive Immunity: Humoral Immune Responses

Adaptive Immunity: Humoral Immune Responses MICR2209 Adaptive Immunity: Humoral Immune Responses Dr Allison Imrie 1 Synopsis: In this lecture we will review the different mechanisms which constitute the humoral immune response, and examine the antibody

More information

The Immune System All animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately

The Immune System All animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately The Immune System All animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately upon infection Vertebrates also have adaptive immunity Figure 43.2 INNATE IMMUNITY (all animals) Recognition of traits shared

More information

Adaptive Immunity. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R

Adaptive Immunity. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R 16 Adaptive Immunity The Body s First Line of Defense Innate Immunity The Role of Skin

More information

Chapter 24 The Immune System

Chapter 24 The Immune System Chapter 24 The Immune System The Immune System Layered defense system The skin and chemical barriers The innate and adaptive immune systems Immunity The body s ability to recognize and destroy specific

More information

2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Exposure to pathogens naturally activates the immune system. Takes days to be effective Pearson Education, Inc.

2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Exposure to pathogens naturally activates the immune system. Takes days to be effective Pearson Education, Inc. The innate immune interact with the adaptive immune system 1. Damage to skin causes bleeding = bradykinin activated, resulting in inflammation 2. Dendritic phagocytose pathogens Adaptive immunity 4. Dendritic

More information

I. Defense Mechanisms Chapter 15

I. Defense Mechanisms Chapter 15 10/24/11 I. Defense Mechanisms Chapter 15 Immune System Lecture PowerPoint Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Defense Mechanisms Protect against

More information

Adaptive Immunity. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R

Adaptive Immunity. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R CSLO7. Describe functions of host defenses and the immune system in combating infectious diseases and explain how immunizations protect against specific diseases. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared

More information

Immunity. Skin. Mucin-containing mucous membranes. Desmosome (attaches keratincontaining. Fig. 43.2

Immunity. Skin. Mucin-containing mucous membranes. Desmosome (attaches keratincontaining. Fig. 43.2 Immunity 1 Fig. 43.2 2 Skin Mucin-containing mucous membranes Desmosome (attaches keratincontaining skin cells together) 1 http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/histology_mh/pseudos2l.jpg http://training.seer.cancer.gov/module_anatomy/images/

More information

Skin. Mucin-containing mucous membranes. Desmosome (attaches keratincontaining

Skin. Mucin-containing mucous membranes. Desmosome (attaches keratincontaining Immunity 1 Fig. 43.2 2 Skin Mucin-containing mucous membranes Desmosome (attaches keratincontaining skin cells together) http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/histology_mh/pseudos2l.jpg http://training.seer.cancer.gov/module_anatomy/images/

More information

VMC-221: Veterinary Immunology and Serology (1+1) Question Bank

VMC-221: Veterinary Immunology and Serology (1+1) Question Bank VMC-221: Veterinary Immunology and Serology (1+1) Objective type Questions Question Bank Q. No. 1 - Fill up the blanks with correct words 1. The British physician, who developed the first vaccine against

More information

1. Overview of Adaptive Immunity

1. Overview of Adaptive Immunity Chapter 17A: Adaptive Immunity Part I 1. Overview of Adaptive Immunity 2. T and B Cell Production 3. Antigens & Antigen Presentation 4. Helper T cells 1. Overview of Adaptive Immunity The Nature of Adaptive

More information

CELL BIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM.

CELL BIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: OVERVIEW OF HOST DEFENSES The human body contains three lines of against infectious agents (pathogens) 1. Mechanical and chemical boundaries (part of the innate immune system)

More information

The Adaptive Immune Response. B-cells

The Adaptive Immune Response. B-cells The Adaptive Immune Response B-cells The innate immune system provides immediate protection. The adaptive response takes time to develop and is antigen specific. Activation of B and T lymphocytes Naive

More information

Prof. Ibtesam Kamel Afifi Professor of Medical Microbiology & Immunology

Prof. Ibtesam Kamel Afifi Professor of Medical Microbiology & Immunology By Prof. Ibtesam Kamel Afifi Professor of Medical Microbiology & Immunology Lecture objectives: At the end of the lecture you should be able to: Enumerate features that characterize acquired immune response

More information

Clinical Basis of the Immune Response and the Complement Cascade

Clinical Basis of the Immune Response and the Complement Cascade Clinical Basis of the Immune Response and the Complement Cascade Bryan L. Martin, DO, MMAS, FACAAI, FAAAAI, FACOI, FACP Emeritus Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics President, American College of Allergy,

More information

1. Specificity: specific activity for each type of pathogens. Immunity is directed against a particular pathogen or foreign substance.

1. Specificity: specific activity for each type of pathogens. Immunity is directed against a particular pathogen or foreign substance. L13: Acquired or adaptive (specific) immunity The resistance, which absent at the time of first exposure to a pathogen, but develops after being exposed to the pathogen is called acquired immunity. It

More information

Nonspecific External Barriers skin, mucous membranes

Nonspecific External Barriers skin, mucous membranes Immune system Chapter 36 BI 103 Plant-Animal A&P Levels of Defense Against Disease Nonspecific External Barriers skin, mucous membranes Physical barriers? Brainstorm with a partner If these barriers are

More information

The Adaptive Immune Responses

The Adaptive Immune Responses The Adaptive Immune Responses The two arms of the immune responses are; 1) the cell mediated, and 2) the humoral responses. In this chapter we will discuss the two responses in detail and we will start

More information

Body Defense Mechanisms

Body Defense Mechanisms BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 13 Body Defense Mechanisms Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of

More information

Slide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3 IMMUNOLOGY AND THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF INFECTION

Slide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3 IMMUNOLOGY AND THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF INFECTION Slide 1 IMMUNOLOGY AND THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF INFECTION Pharmacotherapy of Infectious Diseases 5214 Slide 2 IMMUNE SYSTEM A network of cells, tissues and organs that work together to protect the body against

More information

Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Adaptive Immunity and Immunization Adaptive Immunity and Immunization Introduction Immunity is the ability of an organism to recognize & defend itself against pathogens. Susceptibility is the vulnerability of the host to harm by the pathogen.

More information

I. Lines of Defense Pathogen: Table 1: Types of Immune Mechanisms. Table 2: Innate Immunity: First Lines of Defense

I. Lines of Defense Pathogen: Table 1: Types of Immune Mechanisms. Table 2: Innate Immunity: First Lines of Defense I. Lines of Defense Pathogen: Table 1: Types of Immune Mechanisms Table 2: Innate Immunity: First Lines of Defense Innate Immunity involves nonspecific physical & chemical barriers that are adapted for

More information

The Immune System. Chapter 43. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for

The Immune System. Chapter 43. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Chapter 43 The Immune System PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp

More information

Mon, Wed, Fri 11:00 AM-12:00 PM. Owen, Judy, Jenni Punt, and Sharon Stranford Kuby-Immunology, 7th. Edition. W.H. Freeman and Co., New York.

Mon, Wed, Fri 11:00 AM-12:00 PM. Owen, Judy, Jenni Punt, and Sharon Stranford Kuby-Immunology, 7th. Edition. W.H. Freeman and Co., New York. Course Title: Course Number: Immunology Biol-341/541 Semester: Fall 2013 Location: HS 268 Time: Instructor: 8:00-9:30 AM Tue/Thur Dr. Colleen M. McDermott Office: Nursing Ed 101 (424-1217) E-mail*: mcdermot@uwosh.edu

More information

Immunity. Acquired immunity differs from innate immunity in specificity & memory from 1 st exposure

Immunity. Acquired immunity differs from innate immunity in specificity & memory from 1 st exposure Immunity (1) Non specific (innate) immunity (2) Specific (acquired) immunity Characters: (1) Non specific: does not need special recognition of the foreign cell. (2) Innate: does not need previous exposure.

More information

Introduction to The Immune System

Introduction to The Immune System Introduction to The Immune System Mohamed Farouk Elshal, Ph.D. Bldg.: 71 / Room:2008; melshal@kau.edu.sa References: 1. Abbas, A, K. et.al, Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 6th ed., 2007 2. Male D.,

More information

3. Lymphocyte proliferation (fig. 15.4): Clones of responder cells and memory cells are derived from B cells and T cells.

3. Lymphocyte proliferation (fig. 15.4): Clones of responder cells and memory cells are derived from B cells and T cells. Chapter 15 Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization* *Lecture notes are to be used as a study guide only and do not represent the comprehensive information you will need to know for the exams. Specific

More information

The Immune System. Chapter 43. Overview: Reconnaissance, Recognition, and Response

The Immune System. Chapter 43. Overview: Reconnaissance, Recognition, and Response Chapter 43 Overview: Reconnaissance, Recognition, and Response The Immune System Barriers help an animal to defend itself from the many dangerous pathogens it may encounter The immune system recognizes

More information

Chapter 22: The Lymphatic System and Immunity

Chapter 22: The Lymphatic System and Immunity Bio40C schedule Lecture Immune system Lab Quiz 2 this week; bring a scantron! Study guide on my website (see lab assignments) Extra credit Critical thinking questions at end of chapters 5 pts/chapter Due

More information

Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au

Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au BIOH122 Human Biological Science 2 Session 9 Immune System 2 Bioscience Department Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au o Adaptive (Specific)

More information

MONTGOMERY COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE Department of Science LECTURE OUTLINE CHAPTERS 16, 17, 18 AND 19

MONTGOMERY COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE Department of Science LECTURE OUTLINE CHAPTERS 16, 17, 18 AND 19 MONTGOMERY COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE Department of Science LECTURE OUTLINE CHAPTERS 16, 17, 18 AND 19 CHAPTER 16: NONSPECIFIC DEFENSES OF THE HOST I. THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE A. Mechanical Barriers (Physical

More information

SINGLE CHOICE. 5. The gamma invariant chain binds to this molecule during its intracytoplasmic transport. A TCR B BCR C MHC II D MHC I E FcγR

SINGLE CHOICE. 5. The gamma invariant chain binds to this molecule during its intracytoplasmic transport. A TCR B BCR C MHC II D MHC I E FcγR A Name: Group: SINGLE CHOICE 1. Which is the most important ligand of TLR5? A endospore B flagellin C polysaccharide capsule D DNA E pilus 2. The antibody-binding site is formed primarily by... A the constant

More information

Chapter 35 Active Reading Guide The Immune System

Chapter 35 Active Reading Guide The Immune System Name: AP Biology Mr. Croft Chapter 35 Active Reading Guide The Immune System Section 1 Phagocytosis plays an important role in the immune systems of both invertebrates and vertebrates. Review the process

More information

THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. There are specific defense mechanisms and nonspecific defense mechanisms also known as innate immune response.

THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. There are specific defense mechanisms and nonspecific defense mechanisms also known as innate immune response. Chapter 43 THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Disease-causing microorganisms are called pathogens. They include bacteria, viruses, protozoans and fungi. Immunology is the study of specific defense mechanisms. Two major

More information

immunity defenses invertebrates vertebrates chapter 48 Animal defenses --

immunity defenses invertebrates vertebrates chapter 48 Animal defenses -- defenses Animal defenses -- immunity chapter 48 invertebrates coelomocytes, amoebocytes, hemocytes sponges, cnidarians, etc. annelids basophilic amoebocytes, acidophilic granulocytes arthropod immune systems

More information

Adaptive Immune System

Adaptive Immune System Short Course on Immunology Adaptive Immune System Bhargavi Duvvuri Ph.D IIIrd Year (Immunology) bhargavi@yorku.ca Supervisor Dr.Gillian E Wu Professor, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences York University,

More information

ANTIBODIES Jiri Mestecky, M.D., Ph.D. - Lecturer

ANTIBODIES Jiri Mestecky, M.D., Ph.D. - Lecturer ANTIBODIES Jiri Mestecky, M.D., Ph.D. - Lecturer Distribution in body fluids: secretions plasma (serum), tears, saliva, milk, genitourinary, and intestinal Cells producing antibodies and their tissue distribution:

More information

The Immune System. In innate immunity, recognition and response rely on shared traits of pathogens

The Immune System. In innate immunity, recognition and response rely on shared traits of pathogens hapter 43 The Immune System PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Eighth Edition Overview: Reconnaissance, Recognition, and Response Barriers help an animal to defend itself from the many dangerous pathogens

More information

Adaptive immune responses: T cell-mediated immunity

Adaptive immune responses: T cell-mediated immunity MICR2209 Adaptive immune responses: T cell-mediated immunity Dr Allison Imrie allison.imrie@uwa.edu.au 1 Synopsis: In this lecture we will discuss the T-cell mediated immune response, how it is activated,

More information

Preface and Acknowledgments Preface and Acknowledgments to the Third Edition Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition

Preface and Acknowledgments Preface and Acknowledgments to the Third Edition Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition Preface and Acknowledgments p. xxi Preface and Acknowledgments to the Third Edition p. xxiii Preface to the Second Edition p. xxv Preface to the First Edition p. xxvii Acknowledgments to the First and

More information

Adaptive Specific Host Defenses

Adaptive Specific Host Defenses Chapter 18 Adaptive Specific Host Defenses 771 Chapter 18 Adaptive Specific Host Defenses Figure 18.1 Polio was once a common disease with potentially serious consequences, including paralysis. Vaccination

More information

Chapter 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses

Chapter 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Chapter 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses 1/25/2016 1 Annie Leibovitz/Contact Press Images The Immune System Immune system provides resistance to disease Made up of two intrinsic

More information

Chapter 1. Chapter 1 Concepts. MCMP422 Immunology and Biologics Immunology is important personally and professionally!

Chapter 1. Chapter 1 Concepts. MCMP422 Immunology and Biologics Immunology is important personally and professionally! MCMP422 Immunology and Biologics Immunology is important personally and professionally! Learn the language - use the glossary and index RNR - Reading, Note taking, Reviewing All materials in Chapters 1-3

More information

LYMPHOCYTES & IMMUNOGLOBULINS. Dr Mere Kende, Lecturer SMHS

LYMPHOCYTES & IMMUNOGLOBULINS. Dr Mere Kende, Lecturer SMHS LYMPHOCYTES & IMMUNOGLOBULINS Dr Mere Kende, Lecturer SMHS Immunity Immune- protection against dangers of non-self/invader eg organism 3 components of immune system 1 st line: skin/mucosa/cilia/hair/saliva/fatty

More information

Immunology for the Rheumatologist

Immunology for the Rheumatologist Immunology for the Rheumatologist Rheumatologists frequently deal with the immune system gone awry, rarely studying normal immunology. This program is an overview and discussion of the function of the

More information

Fluid movement in capillaries. Not all fluid is reclaimed at the venous end of the capillaries; that is the job of the lymphatic system

Fluid movement in capillaries. Not all fluid is reclaimed at the venous end of the capillaries; that is the job of the lymphatic system Capillary exchange Fluid movement in capillaries Not all fluid is reclaimed at the venous end of the capillaries; that is the job of the lymphatic system Lymphatic vessels Lymphatic capillaries permeate

More information

Host Defense Mechanisms Adaptive or Acquired Immunity

Host Defense Mechanisms Adaptive or Acquired Immunity Host Defense Mechanisms Adaptive or Acquired Immunity Harriet Wilson, Lecture Notes Bio. Sci. 4 - Microbiology Sierra College While innate immune mechanisms allow the body to defend itself against a wide

More information

The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses

The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses 12PART B Adaptive Defense System: Third Line of Defense Immune

More information

Immunology - Lecture 2 Adaptive Immune System 1

Immunology - Lecture 2 Adaptive Immune System 1 Immunology - Lecture 2 Adaptive Immune System 1 Book chapters: Molecules of the Adaptive Immunity 6 Adaptive Cells and Organs 7 Generation of Immune Diversity Lymphocyte Antigen Receptors - 8 CD markers

More information

Diseases-causing agents, pathogens, can produce infections within the body.

Diseases-causing agents, pathogens, can produce infections within the body. BIO 212: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II 1 CHAPTER 16 Lecture: Dr. Lawrence G. Altman www.lawrencegaltman.com Some illustrations are courtesy of McGraw-Hill. LYMPHATIC and IMMUNE Systems Body Defenses Against

More information

1. Lymphatic vessels recover about of the fluid filtered by capillaries. A. ~1% C. ~25% E. ~85% B. ~10% D. ~50%

1. Lymphatic vessels recover about of the fluid filtered by capillaries. A. ~1% C. ~25% E. ~85% B. ~10% D. ~50% BIOL2030 Huaman A&P II -- Exam 3 -- XXXX -- Form A Name: 1. Lymphatic vessels recover about of the fluid filtered by capillaries. A. ~1% C. ~25% E. ~85% B. ~10% D. ~50% 2. Special lymphatic vessels called

More information

The Immune System. by Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt San Antonio College

The Immune System. by Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt San Antonio College The Immune System by Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt San Antonio College What is the immune system? defense system found in vertebrates Two categories Nonspecific specific provides protection from pathogens

More information

Introduction to Immune System

Introduction to Immune System Introduction to Immune System Learning outcome You will be able to understand, at a fundamental level, the STRUCTURES and FUNCTIONS of cell surface and soluble molecules involved in recognition of foreign

More information

Overview of the Lymphoid System

Overview of the Lymphoid System Overview of the Lymphoid System The Lymphoid System Protects us against disease Lymphoid system cells respond to Environmental pathogens Toxins Abnormal body cells, such as cancers Overview of the Lymphoid

More information

محاضرة مناعت مدرس المادة :ا.م. هدى عبدالهادي علي النصراوي Immunity to Infectious Diseases

محاضرة مناعت مدرس المادة :ا.م. هدى عبدالهادي علي النصراوي Immunity to Infectious Diseases محاضرة مناعت مدرس المادة :ا.م. هدى عبدالهادي علي النصراوي Immunity to Infectious Diseases Immunity to infection depends on a combination of innate mechanisms (phagocytosis, complement, etc.) and antigen

More information

LESSON 2: THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

LESSON 2: THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY Introduction to immunology. LESSON 2: THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY Today we will get to know: The adaptive immunity T- and B-cells Antigens and their recognition How T-cells work 1 The adaptive immunity Unlike

More information

Chapters 20, 21. Lymphatic and Immune System. Overview. Specific Defenses 22/10/12. Part II. Specific Immunity BIOL242

Chapters 20, 21. Lymphatic and Immune System. Overview. Specific Defenses 22/10/12. Part II. Specific Immunity BIOL242 Chapters 20, 21. Lymphatic and Immune System Part II. Specific Immunity BIOL242 Overview Properties of specific immunity Antigen presentation and the MHC complexes T cell activation B cell activation Antibodies

More information

The Third Line of Defense. Acquired Immunity

The Third Line of Defense. Acquired Immunity The Third Line of Defense Acquired Immunity What is Immunity? Immunity protects us against internal and external threats. /// two forms - Innate Immunity VS Acquired Immunity Innate immunity exists at

More information

Principles of Adaptive Immunity

Principles of Adaptive Immunity Principles of Adaptive Immunity Chapter 3 Parham Hans de Haard 17 th of May 2010 Agenda Recognition molecules of adaptive immune system Features adaptive immune system Immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors

More information

Microbiology 204: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Microbiology 204: Cellular and Molecular Immunology Microbiology 204: Cellular and Molecular Immunology Class meets MWF 1:00-2:30PM (*exceptions: no class Fri Sept 23, Fri Oct 14, Nov 11, or Wed Nov 23) Lectures are open to auditors and will be live-streamed

More information

Topics in Parasitology BLY Vertebrate Immune System

Topics in Parasitology BLY Vertebrate Immune System Topics in Parasitology BLY 533-2008 Vertebrate Immune System V. Vertebrate Immune System A. Non-specific defenses against pathogens 1. Skin - physical barrier a. Tough armor protein KERATIN b. Surface

More information

Chapter 33: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Chapter 33: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Chapter 33: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems AP Curriculum Alignment The immune system is one of the human systems that is detailed in Big Idea 2and Chapter 33 provides these details. Programmed cell death

More information

Immunobiology 7. The Humoral Immune Response

Immunobiology 7. The Humoral Immune Response Janeway Murphy Travers Walport Immunobiology 7 Chapter 9 The Humoral Immune Response Copyright Garland Science 2008 Tim Worbs Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical School 1 The course of a typical antibody

More information

LECTURE PRESENTATIONS

LECTURE PRESENTATIONS LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 43 The Immune System Lectures by

More information