National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS

Transcription

1 Topline Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS November 2012

2 This National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS was designed and analyzed by public opinion researchers at the Kaiser Family Foundation led by Mollyann Brodie, Ph.D. and Tina Hoff including Meredith Mishel, Sarah Levine, and Bianca DiJulio. A web-based survey among 1,437 youth ages 15 through 24 was conducted between September 21 October 1, Fieldwork was conducted by GfK (formerly Knowledge Networks). Respondents are members of the KnowledgePanel, a large, randomly draw, representative national panel of households. The panel members are randomly recruited by telephone and by using addressed-based sampling methods, including self-administered mail and web surveys. Households are provided with access to the Internet and hardware if needed. Unlike other Internet research that covers only individuals with Internet access who volunteer for research, Knowledge Networks surveys are based on a dual sampling frame that includes both listed and unlisted phone numbers, telephone and non-telephone households, and cell-phone-only households. Teenagers (ages 15-17) were invited to participate in the survey through their parents. Because of the potentially sensitive subject matter, parents were provided a brief summary of the survey and asked to provide consent in order for their teen to participate. Seventy-seven percent of parents contacted agreed to allow their teen to participate. All data were weighted to balance the sample demographics to match estimates for the national population data from the Census Bureau s August 2012 Current Population Survey on sex, age, education, race, region, and household income. Adjustments for the language spoken at home (English vs. Spanish) are based on the Pew Hispanic Center Survey. All statistical tests of significance account for the effect of weighting. Weighted and unweighted values for key demographic variables are shown in the table below. Sample Demographics Unweighted Weighted Gender Male 47.9% 50.7% Female 52.1% 49.3% Age % 30.6% % 69.4% Race/Ethnicity White/not Hispanic 51.0% 56.4% Black/not Hispanic 18.9% 14.4% Hispanic 22.4% 20.6% Other/not Hispanic 7.5% 8.3% See table below for information on the margin of sampling error including the design effect. For results based on subgroups, the margin of sampling error may be higher. Sample sizes and margin of sampling errors for other subgroups are available by request. Note that sampling error is only one of many potential sources of error in this or any other public opinion poll. Population Number interviewed Margin of sampling error Full sample of Youth and Young Adults (15-24 year olds) 1,437 ± 4 percentage points White Youth and Young Adults 733 ± 5 percentage points Black Youth and Young Adults 271 ± 10 percentage points Latino Youth and Young Adults 322 ± 9 percentage points Please note: Values less than 0.5% are indicated by an asterisk (*). Due to rounding, percentages may not always add up to 100 percent.

3 1. How serious, if at all, of a problem do you think each of the following is for people your age today? [Randomize, b always follows a] a. HIV/AIDS b. Other STDs, or sexually transmitted diseases, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea c. Unplanned or unintended pregnancy Very serious serious Not too serious Not at all serious Refused Total * White * Black Latino Total * White * Black Latino Total * White * Black Latino How concerned, if at all, are you PERSONALLY about each of the following? [Randomize, b always follows a] a. HIV/AIDS b. Other STDs, or sexually transmitted diseases, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea c. Unplanned or unintended pregnancy Very concerned concerned Not too concerned Not at all concerned Refused Total * White * Black Latino Total * White * Black Latino Total * White * Black Latino How much stigma, if any, do you think there is in the United States today around HIV/AIDS? A lot Some Only a little None at all Refused Total White * Black Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 3

4 4. What about STDs other than HIV? How much stigma, if any, do you think there is in the United States today around other STDs, like chlamydia or gonorrhea? A lot Some Only a little None at all Refused Total White Black Latino Recently there has been discussion about the possibility of achieving an AIDS free generation. How much, if anything, have you heard about the goal of an AIDS free generation? A lot Some Only a little Nothing at all Refused Total White Black Latino Do you think you will see the end of the HIV epidemic in your lifetime, or not? Yes No Refused Total White * Black Latino How much of a role, if any, do you think you personally can play in achieving the goal of an AIDS free generation? I don t A big role A small role No role at all want to play a role Refused Total White Black Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 4

5 8. How much, if anything, have you learned from each of the following about STDs, including HIV? [Randomize, e always follows d and g is last] a. Parents b. Friends c. Doctors or other health care providers d. Searching the internet e. Other forms of media, such as television, radio and magazines f. Classes or programs at school g. Other A lot Some Only a little Nothing at all Refused Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 5

6 9. In your opinion, how effective, if at all, are the following at preventing HIV and other STDs? a. Condoms b. Birth control pills c. Withdrawal or pulling out Very effective effective Not too effective Not effective at all Refused Total White Black Latino Total White Black Latino Total White Black Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 6

7 10. Below is a list of different opinions people have about HIV. For each of the following statements, do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? a. Unless you have sex with a lot of people, HIV is not something you have to worry about b. HIV can only be spread when symptoms are present c. If someone I was dating had HIV, I would know it d. It is hard to bring up the topic of HIV with a partner e. Having HIV is not that big of a deal, you can just take a pill f. It s people s own fault if they get HIV g. It is possible for people with HIV to lead healthy, productive lives Strongly agree agree disagree Strongly disagree Refused Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 7

8 11. Now thinking about STDs other than HIV, for each of the following statements, do you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree? a. Unless you have sex with a lot of people, STDs are not something you have to worry about b. STDs can only be spread when symptoms are present c. If someone I was dating had an STD, I would know it d. It is hard to bring up the topic of STDs with a partner e. Having an STD is not that big of a deal Strongly agree agree disagree Strongly disagree Refused Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 8

9 12. For each of the following, please tell me if this is something you would like more information about or not. a. How to prevent the spread of STDs, including HIV b. How to know who should get tested for STDs, including HIV c. How to talk to a partner about getting tested for STDs, including HIV d. How to talk to a partner about using condoms Yes to any Yes, would like more information No, would not Refused Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total 44 White 34 Black 54 Latino 61 NO QUESTION 13 Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 9

10 14. In general, how comfortable would you be, personally, in each of the following situations? a. Working with someone who has HIV or AIDS b. Having a roommate who is HIVpositive c. Having your food prepared by someone who is HIV-positive d. Being in a relationship with someone who is HIV-positive e. Having a close friendship with someone who is HIV-positive Very comfortable comfortable uncomfortable Very uncomfortable Refused Total White * Black * Latino Total White * Black * Latino Total White * Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 10

11 15. Below is a list of feelings you might have if someone you were seeing romantically suggested that you get tested together for HIV. For each one, indicate if you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree that you might feel this way. a. Suspicious or worried about the person s past sexual history b. That the person was suspicious or worried about my past sexual history c. Glad the person brought it up d. That the person was being responsible Strongly agree agree disagree Strongly disagree Refused Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Below is a list of feelings you might have if someone you were seeing romantically suggested that you get tested together for STDs, other than HIV. For each one, indicate if you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree that you might feel this way. a. Suspicious or worried about the person s past sexual history b. That the person was suspicious or worried about my past sexual history c. Glad the person brought it up d. That the person was being responsible Strongly agree agree disagree Strongly disagree Refused Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 11

12 17. Do you personally know anyone who now has AIDS, had died from AIDS, or has tested positive for HIV? Yes No Refused Total White Black * Latino Is that a family member, a close friend, an acquaintance or someone else? [Multiple responses allowed 1 ] 17/18 Summary Table Family member Close friend Acquaintance Someone else Refused who No, don t know someone Refused Total * 86 1 White Black * Latino Do you personally know anyone who has had a sexually transmitted disease, other than HIV? Yes No Refused Total White * Black Latino Is that a family member, a close friend, an acquaintance or someone else? [Multiple responses allowed 1 ] 19/20 Summary Table Family member Close friend Acquaintance Someone else Refused who No, don t know someone Refused Total * 69 2 White * 73 * Black * 59 3 Latino Relationship coded using the closest relationship mentioned. For example, if a respondent indicated they know both a family member and an acquaintance who now has AIDS in Q18 or an STD in Q20 they are coded as family member in the respective Summary Table. Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 12

13 Next are some questions about your sexual experience. If there is anything you feel uncomfortable answering, please just move on to the next item. Please keep in mind that all your answers are confidential. 21. Have you ever had sexual intercourse? Yes No Refused Total White Black Latino Are you currently in a sexual relationship? Based on those who report having ever had sexual intercourse Yes No Refused N Total * (764) White * (352) Black * (176) Latino * (178) 23. In your current or most recent sexual relationship how often, if at all, do you use condoms? Based on those who report having ever had sexual intercourse All of the time Most of the time Some of the time Never Refused N Total (764) White (352) Black (176) Latino * (178) 24. In the last year, how often, if at all, have you done each of the following? a. Seen, heard, or read news coverage about HIV/AIDS or other STDs b. Had a conversation with someone about HIV/AIDS or other STDs c. Looked up information on the internet about HIV/AIDS or other STDs Often Sometimes Rarely Never Refused Total White * Black * Latino Total White * Black * Latino Total White * Black * Latino Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 13

14 25. Thinking about your current or most recent sexual relationship, have you ever talked to your partner about each of the following, or not? [Randomize, b always follows a] Based on those who report having ever had sexual intercourse a. HIV or AIDS b. STDs other than HIV, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea c. Using condoms Yes No Refused N Total * (764) White (352) Black * (176) Latino (178) Total * (764) White (352) Black * (176) Latino (178) Total * (764) White (352) Black * (176) Latino (178) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 14

15 26. You mentioned that you have never talked to your partner about HIV or AIDS. For each of the following, is this a reason why you did not talk to your partner, or not? [Randomize, f always last] Based on those who report having not talked to their current or most recent sexual partner about HIV or AIDS (sample size insufficient to show results separately for Blacks) a. I was embarrassed to talk about HIV b. I did not know how to bring it up c. I was waiting for my partner to bring up the topic d. I never thought about it e. I did not think I was at risk f. Other Yes No Refused N Total (470) White (250) Latino (111) Total (470) White (250) Latino (111) Total (470) White (250) Latino (111) Total (470) White (250) Latino (111) Total (470) White (250) Latino (111) Total (470) White * (250) Latino (111) 27. You mentioned that you have never talked to your partner about STDs other than HIV. For each of the following, is this a reason why you did not talk to your partner, or not? [Randomize, f always last] Based on those who report having not talked to their current or most recent sexual partner about STDs other than HIV (n=389) (sample size insufficient to show results separately for race/ethnicity subgroups) Yes No Refused a. I was embarrassed to talk about STDs b. I did not know how to bring it up c. I was waiting for my partner to bring up the topic d. I never thought about it e. I did not think I was at risk f. Other Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 15

16 28. Have you ever been in any of the following situations, or not? a. Alcohol or drugs influenced your decision to do something sexual b. You used alcohol or drugs to help you feel more comfortable with a sexual partner c. You did more sexually than you had planned because you had been drinking or using drugs Yes No Refused N Total White * Black * Latino Total White * Black 7 93 * Latino Total White * Black * Latino Based on those who report having ever had sexual intercourse a. Alcohol or drugs influenced your decision to do something sexual b. You used alcohol or drugs to help you feel more comfortable with a sexual partner c. You did more sexually than you had planned because you had been drinking or using drugs d. You had sex without using a condom because you were drinking or using drugs Total * (764) White (352) Black (176) Latino (178) Total * (764) White (352) Black (176) Latino * (178) Total * (764) White (352) Black (176) Latino * (178) Total * (764) White (352) Black (176) Latino * (178) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 16

17 29. Has a doctor or other health care provider ever suggested that you be tested for HIV, or not? Based on those who report having ever had sexual intercourse Yes No Refused N Total White Black Latino Total (764) White (352) Black (176) Latino (178) 30. Have you, yourself, ever been tested for HIV? Based on those who report having ever had sexual intercourse Yes No Refused N Total White * Black Latino Total * (764) White * (352) Black * (176) Latino (178) 31. The last time you were tested for HIV, did you go to a doctor or clinic specifically to get an HIV test, or did you decide to get an HIV test as part of another health visit, such as routine check-up? Based on those who have ever been tested for HIV (sample size insufficient to show results separately for Latinos) I went to the doctor / clinic specifically to get an HIV test I decided to get an HIV test as part of another health visit, such as a routine check-up Other Refused N Total (345) White (107) Black (123) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 17

18 32. The last time you were tested for HIV, how did you know the test was being done? Based on those who report having ever been tested for HIV (sample size insufficient to show results separately for Latinos) I asked to be tested The doctor or nurse told me this test was being done It was my impression that this test was a routine part of the exam I was tested for STDs, and it was my impression that HIV was included I was tested during blood drive / donation Other Refused N Total (345) White (107) Black (123) 33. For each of the following items, please indicate if it was a reason why you decided to get tested for HIV, or not. Based on those who report having ever been tested for HIV (sample size insufficient to show results separately for Latinos) a. You were concerned that you might be infected b. Your doctor or health care provider suggested you get tested c. It is something you do every year d. It just seemed like a good idea Yes, was a reason No, was not a reason Refused N Total (345) White (107) Black (123) Total (345) White (107) Black (123) Total (345) White (107) Black (123) Total (345) White (107) Black (123) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 18

19 34. For each of the following items, please indicate if this is a reason why you have not been tested for HIV. Based on those who report having never been tested for HIV a. It is too expensive b. You don t think you re at risk c. You don t know where to get tested d. You are worried about confidentiality e. You re afraid you ll test positive f. Your doctor or health care provider never suggested that you get tested g. You are embarrassed or do not know how to ask to get tested h. Other Yes, was a reason No, was not a reason Refused N Total 5 94 * (1076) White 5 95 * (621) Black (144) Latino (233) Total * (1076) White * (621) Black (144) Latino (233) Total * (1076) White 9 91 * (621) Black (144) Latino (233) Total 6 93 * (1076) White 5 95 * (621) Black (144) Latino (233) Total 5 95 * (1076) White 3 96 * (621) Black (144) Latino (233) Total * (1076) White * (621) Black (144) Latino (233) Total 9 91 * (1076) White 8 92 * (621) Black (144) Latino (233) Total (1076) White (621) Black (144) Latino (233) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 19

20 35. Have you ever been in any of the following situations, or not? a. Thought you might have HIV b. Thought you might have an STD, other than HIV c. Thought someone you were dating or were in an intimate relationship with someone who might have HIV d. Thought someone you were dating or were in an intimate relationship with someone who might have an STD, other than HIV e. Dated or were in an intimate relationship with someone you knew to have HIV f. Dated or were in an intimate relationship with someone you knew to have an STD, other than HIV Yes No Refused Total White Black 4 96 * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black 4 95 * Latino Total White Black * Latino Total White Black * 100 * Latino Total White Black 4 96 * Latino Has a doctor or other health care provider ever suggested that you be tested for any other sexually transmitted diseases besides HIV, or not? Based on those who report having ever had sexual intercourse Yes No Refused N Total White * Black Latino Total * (764) White * (352) Black * (176) Latino (178) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 20

21 37. Have you, yourself, ever been tested for any other sexually transmitted diseases besides HIV, or not? Based on those who report having ever had sexual intercourse Yes No Refused N Total White Black Latino Total (764) White * (352) Black (176) Latino * (178) 38. The last time you were tested for a sexually transmitted disease other than HIV, how did you know the test was being done? Based on those who report having ever been tested for STDs other than HIV (sample size insufficient to show results separately for Latinos) The doctor or nurse told me this test was being done It was my impression that this test was a routine part of the exam I was tested during blood drive / donation Other Refused N I asked to be tested Total (338) White (122) Black * 0 (119) 39. The last time you were tested for a sexually transmitted disease other than HIV, did you go to a doctor or clinic specifically to get an STD test, or did you decide to get an STD test as part of another health visit, such as routine check-up? Based on those who report having ever been tested for STDs other than HIV (sample size insufficient to show results separately for Latinos) I went to the doctor / clinic specifically to get an STD test I decided to get an STD test as part of another health visit, such as a routine check-up Other Refused N Total (338) White (122) Black (119) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 21

22 40. For each of the following items, please indicate if it was a reason why you decided to get tested for STDs, other than HIV, or not. Based on those who report having ever been tested for STDs other than HIV (sample size insufficient to show results separately for Latinos) a. You were concerned that you might be infected b. Your doctor or health care provider suggested you get tested c. It is something you do every year d. It just seemed like a good idea Yes, was a reason No, was not a reason Refused N Total (338) White (122) Black (119) Total (338) White (122) Black (119) Total (338) White (122) Black (119) Total (338) White (122) Black (119) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 22

23 41. For each of the following items, please indicate if this is a reason why you have not been tested for STDs. [Randomize, h always last] Based on those who report having never been tested for STDs other than HIV a. It is too expensive b. You don t think you re at risk c. You don t know where to get tested d. You are worried about confidentiality e. You re afraid you ll test positive f. Your doctor or health care provider never suggested that you get tested g. You are embarrassed or do not know how to ask to get tested h. Other Yes, was a reason No, was not a reason Refused N Total 5 95 * (1077) White 4 96 * (603) Black (144) Latino 7 93 * (247) Total * (1077) White * (603) Black (144) Latino * (247) Total 8 91 * (1077) White 7 93 * (603) Black (144) Latino * (247) Total 6 94 * (1077) White 3 96 * (603) Black (144) Latino * (247) Total 4 95 * (1077) White 3 97 * (603) Black (144) Latino 6 94 * (247) Total * (1077) White * (603) Black (144) Latino * (247) Total 7 93 * (1077) White 5 95 * (603) Black (144) Latino 8 92 * (247) Total (1077) White (603) Black (144) Latino (247) 42. As you were taking this survey, was there someone there with you who could see your answer? Based on those ages (sample size insufficient to show results separately for Blacks) Yes No Refused N Total (459) White (230) Latino (109) Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS (September 21 October 1, 2012) 23

24 The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation Headquarters 2400 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park, CA Phone: (650) Fax: (650) Washington Offices and Barbara Jordan Conference Center 1330 G Street, NW Washington, DC Phone: (202) Fax: (202) This publication (8386-T) is available on the Kaiser Family Foundation website at The Kaiser Family Foundation, a leader in health policy analysis, health journalism and communication, is dedicated to filling the need for trusted, independent information on the major health issues facing our nation and its people. The Foundation is a non-profit private operating foundation, based in Menlo Park, California.