NIGERIA DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY. National Population Commission Federal Republic of Nigeria Abuja, Nigeria

Transcription

1 NIGERIA DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY 2013 National Population Commission Federal Republic of Nigeria Abuja, Nigeria ICF International Rockville, Maryland, USA June 2014 USAID FROM THE AMERICAN PEOPLE UKaid from the British people

2 CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES FOREWORD STEERING COMMITTEE CONTRIBUTORS TO THE REPORT ABBREVIATIONS MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL INDICATORS MAP OF NIGERIA ix xvii xix xxi xxiii xxv xxvi 1 INTRODUCTION Geography, History, and Economy Geography History Economy Population Population and Health Policies National Population Policy Health Policy Organisation of the 2013 Nigeria Demographie and Health Survey Sample Design Questionnaires Recruitment and Training of Field Staff Fieldwork Data Processing Response Rates 10 2 HOUSEHOLD POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS Household Environment Drinking Water Household Sanitation Facilities Housing Characteristics Household Possessions Wealth Index Hand Washing Household Population by Age, Sex, and Residence Household Composition Birth Registration Education of the Household Population Educational Attainment School Attendance Ratios 26 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS Characteristics of Survey Respondents Educational Attainment by Background Characteristics Literacy Exposure to Mass Media Employment Occupation 46 Contents ili

3 3.7 Type of Employment Health Insurance Coverage Use of Tobacco 52 4 MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTIVIT Marital Status Polygyny Age at First Marriage Age at First Sexual Fntercourse Recent Sexual Activity 61 5 FERTILITY Current F ertility Fertility Differentials Fertility Trends Children Ever Born and Living Birth Intervals Postpartum Amenorrhoea, Abstinence, and Insusceptibility Menopause Age at First Birth Teenage Pregnancy and Motherhood 78 6 FERTILITY PREFERENCES Desire for More Children Desire to Limit Childbearing by Background Characteristics Ideal Family Size Fertility Flanning Status Wanted Fertility Rates 87 7 FAMILY FLANNING Knowledge of Contraceptive Methods Knowledge of Contracepti ve Methods by Background Characteristics Current Use of Contraception Current Use of Contraception by Background Characteristics Trends in Contraceptive Use Source of Modem Contraceptive Methods Use of Social Marketing Brand Pills Use of Social Marketing Brand Condoms Informed Choice Rates of Discontinuing Contraceptive Methods Reasons for Discontinuing Contraceptive Methods Knowledge of the Fertile Period Need and Demand for Family Flanning Future Use of Contraception Exposure to Family Flanning Messages in the Media Exposure to Specific Family Flanning Messages Contact of Nonusers with Family Flanning Providers INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY Data Quality Levels and Trends in Infant and Child Mortality Early Childhood Mortality Rates Trends in Early Childhood Mortality 119 iv Contents

4 8.3 Early Childhood Mortality Rates by Socioeconomic Characteristics Demographic Differentials in Early Childhood Mortality Rates Perinatal Mortality High-Risk F ertility Behaviour REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH Antenatal Care Number and Timing of Antenatal Visits Components of Antenatal Care Tetanus Toxoid Injections Delivery Place of Delivery Reasons for Not Delivering in a Health Facility Assistance during Deliveiy Postnatal Care Timing of First Postnatal Checkup for Mother Provider of First Postnatal Checkup for Mother Newborn Care Timing of First Postnatal Checkup for Newborn Provider of First Postnatal Checkup for Newborn Use of Clean Home Deliveiy Kits Newborn Care Practices Problems in Accessing Health Care CHILD HEALTH Child's Size and Weight at Birth Vaccination Coverage Vaccination Coverage by Background Characteristics Trends in Vaccination Coverage Acute Respiratory Infection Fever Diarrhoeal Disease Prevalence of Diarrhoea Treatment of Diarrhoea Feeding Practices during Diarrhoea Knowledge of ORS Packets Stool Disposal NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN Nutritional Status of Children Measurement of Nutritional Status among Young Children Data Collection Measures of Child Nutritional Status Trends in Children's Nutritional Status Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding Initiation of Breastfeeding Breastfeeding Status by Age...: Duration of Breastfeeding Types of Complementaiy Foods Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Practices Micronutrient Intake among Children Nutritional Status of Women Micronutrient Intake among Mothers 197 Contents v

5 12.1 Mosquito Nets 12.2 Indoor Residual Spraying Access to an Insecticide-Treated "Net ^ 12.4 Use of Mosquito Nets by Persons in the Household Use of Existing ITNs ^ 12.6 Use of Mosquito Nets by Children under Age Use of Mosquito Nets by All Women and Pregnant Women Age Prophylactic Use of Antimalarial Drugs and Use of Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnant Women Prevalence and Prompt Treatment of Fever in Children under Age Source of Advice or Treatment for Children with Fever 220 HIV- AND AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIOUR HIV and AIDS Knowledge, Transmission, and Prevention Methods Awareness of HIV and AIDS Knowledge of HIV Prevention Methods Rejection of Misconceptions about HIV/AIDS Knowledge of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Accepting Attitudes Toward Those Living with HIV and AIDS Attitudes Towards Negotiating Safer Sex Attitudes Toward Condom Education for Youth Higher-Risk Sex Multiple Sexual Partners Point Prevalence and Cumulative Prevalence of Concurrent Sexual Partners Transactional Sex Testing for HIV General HIV Testing HIV Counselling and Testing during Pregnancy Male Circumcision Self-Reporting of Sexually Transmitted Infections Prevalence of Medical Injections HIV- and AIDS-Related Knowledge and Behaviour among Youth Knowledge about HIV and AIDS and of Sources for Condoms Age at First Sexual Intercourse among Youth Trends in Age at First Sexual Intercourse among Youth Abstinence and Premarital Sex Multiple Partnerships among Young People Age Mixing in Sexual Relationships among Young Women Age Recent HIV Tests among Youth 270 ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY Data Direct Estimates of Adult Mortal ity Trends in Adult Mortality Direct Estimates of Matemal Mortality 277 WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT AND DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH OUTCOMES Employment and Form of Earnings Control Over and Relative Magnitude of Women's and Husbands' Earnings"!.'...' Control Over Wife's Earnings Control Over Husband's Earnings 282

6 15.3 Control Over Women's Ramings and Relative Size of Husband's and Wife's Ramings Ownership of Assets Women's Participation in Decision Making Attitudes Toward Wife Beating Women' s Empowerment Indices Current Use of Contraception by Women's Status Ideal Family Size and Unmet Need by Women's Status Women's Status and Reproductive Health Care Differentials in Infant and Child Mortality by Women's Status DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Measurement of Violence Use of Valid Measures of Violence Ethical Considerations Subsample for the Violence Module Women Experiencing Physical Violence Perpetrators of Physical Violence Experience of Sexual Violence Persons Committing Sexual Violence Age at First Experience of Sexual Violence Experience of Different Forms of Violence Violence during Pregnancy Marital Control by Husband or Partner Forms ofspousal Violence Spousal Violence by Background Characteristics Violence by Spousal Characteristics and Women's Empowerment Indicators Recent Spousal Violence Onset of Spousal Violence Types of Injuries Caused by Spousal Violence Violence by Women Against Their Spouse Help-seeking Behaviour by Women who Experience Violence Sources of Help Domestic Violence Faced by Widowed Women ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN Orphans and Vulnerable Children Children's Living Arrangements and Orphanhood Orphaned and Vulnerable Children Social and Economic Situation of Orphaned and Vulnerable Children School Attendance Basic Material Needs Orphans Living with Siblings Nutritional Status Sex Before Age Care and Support for Orphaned and Vulnerable Children Widows Dispossessed of Property Extemal Support for Households with OVCs FEMALE GENITAL CUTTING Knowledge of Female Circumcision Prevalence of Female Circumcision Age at Circumcision 351 Contents vii

7 18.4 Circumcision of Daughters Person Who Performed Circumcision Attitudes Toward Female Circumcision 358 REFERENCES 363 APPENDIX A ADDITIONAL TABLES 369 APPENDIX B SAMPLE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 377 APPENDIX C ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS 385 APPENDIX D DATA QUALITY TABLES 397 APPENDIX E PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE SURVEY 401 APPENDIX F QUESTIONNAIRES 411 viii Contents