Blood and Defense. Chapter 11

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Blood and Defense. Chapter 11"

Transcription

1 Blood and Defense Chapter 11

2 Functions of Blood 1. Carry nutrients from the small intestine and oxygen from the lung to tissues in the body 2. Transport wastes from tissues to the kidneys and carbon dioxide to the lungs for removal from the body 3. Carry hormones and enzymes around the body 4. Control water and acidity balance in the body 5. Provide antibodies and white blood cells to tissues to fight infection 6. Provide platelets and clotting factors to stop bleeding 7. Distribute heat around the body

3 What is in blood? 4 main components: Erythrocytes: Red blood cells Leukocytes: White blood cells Thrombocytes: Platelets Plasma: Fluid

4

5 What is in blood? 4 main components: 45% is red blood cells 55% is the plasma (fluid) Less than 1% are the white blood cells and platelets

6

7 Plasma Liquid part of blood It contains: 90% Water 10% other Proteins (make the plasma thicker and assist clotting) Ions (sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride) Nutrients (glucose, lipids, amino acids) Hormones

8 Plasma When blood clots the proteins that help clotting in the plasma are used up. The liquid separated from clotted blood is called serum (does NOT have clotting proteins in it)

9 Blood Cells There are three main types of blood cells: Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets They are all produced in the bone marrow!

10 Erythrocytes - Red blood cells (RBCs) Biconcave disc-shaped cells Most abundant cell in the blood Do not have a nucleus or mitochondria Highly specialized to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

11 Erythrocytes (RBCs) Hemoglobin is a protein containing Heme (Iron and Bilirubin) binds Oxygen molecules One RBC contains millions of hemoglobin molecules!

12 Fun fact: Bird and reptile RBCs have a nucleus! Through evolution, mammal RBCs lost their nucleus to carry more oxygen and be more efficient!

13 Erythrocytes (RBCs) They are produced in the bone marrow Takes about 2 days to make a RBC Your body makes about 2 million RBCs / second RBCs live in the blood for approx. 120 days Once old and damaged, they are broken down by the spleen. Bilirubin is a by-product of RBC breakdown and is excreted in bile (pigment)

14 Anemia Decreased RBCs in the blood Caused by: low production, blood loss, iron deficiency, increased destruction When anemic, people feel out of breath, weak and tired

15 FYI At high altitudes the low oxygen levels in the air stimulate the body to produce more RBCs to increase oxygen transportation in the body. People who live at these altitudes are accustomed to the low oxygen levels and if you travel to high altitudes you can get altitude sickness

16 Leukocytes- White blood cells (WBCs) Less than 1% of blood Important in immunity (fight infections and toxins) by: Phagocytosis: engulf foreign particles/cells/organisms Make Antibodies: long-term immune response

17 Leukocytes- White blood cells (WBCs) 5 kinds: Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils -phagocytosis Monocytes Lymphocytes - makes and expresses antibodies No granules Single, large nucleus Contain Granules Segmented nucleus

18 Thrombocytes - Platelets Smallest cell in the blood Do not contain a nucleus or organelles Highly specialized to control bleeding (coagulation)

19 Thrombocytes - Platelets When a blood vessel is damaged platelets are activated: change shape to become spiky and sticky. They stick to the damaged section of vessel and plug it to stop bleeding. Once activated they also release Thromboplastin

20 Blood Clotting Thromboplastin activates a cascade of clotting events Fibrin threads trap blood cells and more platelets forming a clot Thrombus: a clot formed in a blood vessel to stop bleeding

21 Blood Clotting Fibrin threads

22 Embolus Embolism Embolus: a clot that is dislodged into the circulatory system If the embolus becomes lodged, blocking a vessel = embolism Leads to tissue damage and cell death since cuts off blood flow to that area

23 Component of Blood Also called Portion of the blood Structure (what does it look like?) Function (what does it do?) Fluid Plasma 55% 90% water, 10% proteins, ions and nutrients Red Blood Cells Erythrocytes 45% Biconcave disc, no nucleus, contains hemoglobin Suspends cells of the blood, contains enzymes, hormones and antibodies Transport O2 and CO2 White Blood Cells (5 types) Neutrophils <1% Granulocytes Segmented Eosinophils <1% nucleus Phagocytosis Basophils <1% Monocytes <1% Agranulocytes, large single Lymphocytes <1% nucleus Form antibodies Platelets Thrombocytes <1% Small, no nucleus Coagulation

24 Blood Types Universal Donor O- Universal Receiver AB+

25 Blood Types

26 Your body s defense system 3 main lines of defense: 1 2 Non-specific: barriers to prevent entry of pathogens (invader) Ex. skin, mucous membranes, stomach acid, tears Non-specific: immune response activated after entry of pathogen into body Ex. inflammation, phagocytosis 3 Specific: immune response targeted to pathogens that pass the first 2 defences Ex. antibodies, lymphocytes

27 1st Line of Defense: non-specific barrier

28 1st Line of Defense: non-specific barrier Intact skin is a protective barrier that cannot be penetrated by pathogens The skin also secretes substances (acid, tears, saliva, sweat ect) that kills pathogens and flushes them away

29 1st Line of Defense: non-specific barrier Skin lining airways (nasal passage, respiratory tract) secrete mucus and is lined with cilia (hairlike -projections). The mucus traps pathogens and cilia sweeps them away, out of the tract

30 Cystic Fibrosis (FYI) Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal genetic disease affecting Canadian children and young adults. At present, there is no cure. CF causes various effects on the body, but mainly affects the digestive system and lungs. The degree of CF severity differs from person to person, however, the persistence and ongoing infection in the lungs, with destruction of lungs and loss of lung function, will eventually lead to death in the majority of people with CF. Typical complications caused by cystic fibrosis are: Difficulty digesting fats and proteins Malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies because of inability to absorb nutrients Progressive lung damage from chronic infections and aberrant inflammation CF related diabetes Sinus infections It is estimated that one in every 3,600 children born in Canada has CF. More than 4,100 Canadian children, adolescents, and adults with cystic fibrosis attend specialized CF clinics. For more information about disease management, please visit Living with Cystic Fibrosis. - See more at:

31 2nd Line of Defense: non-specific immune response When a pathogen gets through 1st defense (barrier), cells in the tissue release a chemical signal (cytokines) to recruit white blood cells White blood cells leave the blood vessel and enter tissues to ingest the pathogen (phagocytosis) The primary WBC responsible for phagocytosis of invaders are Neutrophils and Monocytes

32 2nd Line of Defense: non-specific immune response Injury breaks through skin and introduces pathogens to area Cells in the tissue release cytokines to initiate inflammatory response Neutrophils and Monocytes leave the blood vessel and enter the tissue Neutrophils and Macrophages engulf the pathogens (phagocytosis)

33 Phagocytosis - Neutrophils They spend 6-7 hrs in the blood stream until signalled to enter tissues to engulf pathogen - Once in a tissue can survive for 1-4 days cytokines Enters tissue

34 Phagocytosis - Monocytes They spend 8 hrs in the blood stream until signalled to enter tissues to engulf pathogen - Once in a tissue live there for up to a month Once in the tissue they are called Macrophages

35 Phagocytosis - Monocytes

36 Phagocytosis - process

37 2nd Line of Defense: non-specific immune response often called Inflammatory response

38 2nd Line of Defense: non-specific immune response often called Inflammatory response

39 3rd Line of Defense: specific immune response Final line of defense - targeted response to specific pathogens by proteins and cells 2 types: Targeted phagocytosis (complement proteins) Antibody-mediated (lymphocytes)

40 3rd Line of Defense: targeted phagocytosis The plasma contains complement proteins that tag foreign invaders Once tagged WBCs are able to identify the invader as foreign and attack it Some complement proteins are able to puncture protective coating of invaders, causing them to burst

41 3rd Line of Defense: targeted phagocytosis

42 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody-mediated Response ALL CELLS have antigens on their surface. Antigens are sugar-protein complexes that identify the cell (every type of cell has different, unique antigens on its surface)

43 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody-mediated Response Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that bind to a specific matching antigen Antigen-Antibody Complex

44 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody-mediated Response A single antibody can bind to multiple antigens, creating a crosslinking effect - which is easier for phagocytes to identify and destroy!

45 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody-mediated Response The lymph system gathers fluid from tissues and filters it through the lymph organs (Spleen & lymph nodes) Macrophages and Lymphocytes reside here to attack and identify pathogens

46

47 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody-mediated Response Lymphocytes are the WBC that identifies foreign antigens and produce antibodies against them. There are two main types of lymphocytes: T-cells: stored in the Thymus gland 3 types: Helper, Killer and Suppressor T-cells B-cells: stored in the Blood 2 types: Plasma B-cells and Memory B-cells

48 1. A macrophage ingests a foreign invader it expresses its antigens on its surface 2. Helper T cells identify the antigens and releases a chemical signal (lymphokines) to B cells 3. The Plasma B-cells divide and multiply 4. Helper T-cells pass on blueprint of foreign antigens to the B-cells 5. Plasma B-cells produce and release antibodies matching the foreign antigen 6. Antigen-Antibody complexes form and are ingested by phagocytes

49 Plasma

50 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody-mediated Response Suppressor T-cells: stop the immune response When the infection has been fought off suppressor T-cells stop B-cells from multiplying and producing antibodies This is a safety mechanism so body doesn t continue attack forever = controls response

51 Suppressor T-cell signals immune response to stop All pathogens destroyed

52 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody-mediated Response Memory B-cells: remember the blueprint of foreign antigens so that the next time the body encounters it the response is faster

53 Second exposure: Memory B-cell signals IMMEDIATE release of antibodies Helper T-cell also passes antigen onto Memory B cells Memory B-cells remain in the blood after infection

54 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody-mediated Response Killer T-cells: destroys cells in the body that have been mutated, damaged or infected Virus, toxins, cancer ect change the antigens on the surface of cells Killer T-cells identify the infected antigens and release chemicals that kill the cell

55 Killer T Cell releases destructive chemicals Killer T Cell identifies an infected antigen

56 1st Line of Defense: Barriers 3rd Line of Defense: Antibody Mediated 2nd Line of Defense: Phagocytosis and Inflammation Plasma Cytokines

Unit Seven Blood and Immunity

Unit Seven Blood and Immunity Unit Seven Blood and Immunity I. Introduction A. Definition Blood is a sticky fluid that is heavier and thicker than water. Blood is a type of, whose cells and suspended in a liquid intercellular material.

More information

Blood consists of red and white blood cells suspended in plasma Blood is about 55% plasma and 45% cellular elements Plasma 90% water 10% dissolved

Blood consists of red and white blood cells suspended in plasma Blood is about 55% plasma and 45% cellular elements Plasma 90% water 10% dissolved Bio 100 Guide 21 Blood consists of red and white blood cells suspended in plasma Blood is about 55% plasma and 45% cellular elements Plasma 90% water 10% dissolved inorganic ions, proteins, nutrients,

More information

Functions of Blood. Transport. Transport. Defense. Regulation. Unit 6 Cardiovascular System: Blood

Functions of Blood. Transport. Transport. Defense. Regulation. Unit 6 Cardiovascular System: Blood Unit 6 Cardiovascular System: Blood Functions of Blood With each beat of the heart, approximately 75 ml of blood is pumped On average, the heart beats 70 times per minute Every minute, the heart pumps

More information

HEMOTOLOGY. B. Helps stabilize body temperature -heats up and cools down slowly which moderates body temp

HEMOTOLOGY. B. Helps stabilize body temperature -heats up and cools down slowly which moderates body temp I. Body H 2 O = HEMOTOLOGY A. Variable quantities 1. sweating and urination ( ) decreases H 2 O 2. drinking H 2 O increases B. Water is found in two compartments 1. contains 2/3 of all water in your body

More information

Average adult = 8-10 pints of blood. Functions:

Average adult = 8-10 pints of blood. Functions: Average adult = 8-10 pints of blood Functions: Transports nutrients, oxygen, cellular waste products, and hormones Aids in distribution of heat Regulates acid-base balance Helps protect against infection

More information

CH 11 Blood OUTLINE: Functions of Blood Composition of Blood Blood Cell Disorders Blood Types Blood Clotting Functions of Blood Transportation

CH 11 Blood OUTLINE: Functions of Blood Composition of Blood Blood Cell Disorders Blood Types Blood Clotting Functions of Blood Transportation 1 CH 11 Blood OUTLINE: Functions of Blood Composition of Blood Blood Cell Disorders Blood Types Functions of Blood Transportation Protection Regulation ph Temperature Composition of Blood Plasma: liquid

More information

Blood. Plasma. The liquid part of blood is called plasma. 1. Pale yellow fluid; forms more than half the blood volume.

Blood. Plasma. The liquid part of blood is called plasma. 1. Pale yellow fluid; forms more than half the blood volume. 11 Blood FOCUS: Blood consists of plasma and formed elements. The plasma is 91% water with dissolved or suspended molecules, including albumin, globulins, and fibrinogen. The formed elements include erythrocytes,

More information

Chapter 11. Lecture and Animation Outline

Chapter 11. Lecture and Animation Outline Chapter 11 Lecture and Animation Outline To run the animations you must be in Slideshow View. Use the buttons on the animation to play, pause, and turn audio/text on or off. Please Note: Once you have

More information

Blood. Biol 105 Lecture 14 Chapter 11

Blood. Biol 105 Lecture 14 Chapter 11 Blood Biol 105 Lecture 14 Chapter 11 Outline I. Overview of blood II. Functions of blood III. Composition of blood IV. Composition of plasma V. Composition of formed elements VI. Platelets VII. White blood

More information

A. Blood is considered connective tissue. RBC. A. Blood volume and composition 1. Volume varies - average adult has 5 liters

A. Blood is considered connective tissue. RBC. A. Blood volume and composition 1. Volume varies - average adult has 5 liters A. Blood is considered connective tissue. RBC A. Blood volume and composition 1. Volume varies - average adult has 5 liters 2. 45% cells by volume called hematocrit (HCT) a. red blood cells (RBC) mostly

More information

Agenda. Components of blood. Blood is Fluid Connective Tissue. Blood: General functions

Agenda. Components of blood. Blood is Fluid Connective Tissue. Blood: General functions Agenda Chapter 19: Blood Major functions Major Components Structure of RBCs and WBCs ABO Blood Types, and Rh Factor Lab 34.1 and Blood Typing Blood: General functions Transport of dissolved gases, nutrients,

More information

Hematology. The Study of blood

Hematology. The Study of blood Hematology The Study of blood Average adult = 8-10 pints of blood Composition: PLASMA liquid portion of blood without cellular components Serum plasma after a blood clot is formed Cellular elements are

More information

What is the composition of blood, including blood cells? What organs and structures control the flow of blood throughout the body?

What is the composition of blood, including blood cells? What organs and structures control the flow of blood throughout the body? 3 Chapter 10: Circulatory System and Lymphatic System In this chapter, you will learn about the structure and function of the circulatory system and lymphatic system. What is the composition of blood,

More information

The Main Constituents of Blood

The Main Constituents of Blood The Main Constituents of Blood Described as a fluid connective tissue, blood is comprised of approximately 55% plasma (a yellow-ish but transparent fluid) and 45% cellular volume (erythrocytes (red cells),

More information

4/5/17. Blood. Blood. Outline. Blood: An Overview. Functions of Blood

4/5/17. Blood. Blood. Outline. Blood: An Overview. Functions of Blood Outline Blood Biol 105 Chapter 11 I. Overview of blood II. Functions of blood III. Composition of blood IV. Composition of plasma V. Composition of formed elements VI. Platelets VII. White blood cells

More information

Chapter 14. Blood. Blood Volume. Blood Composition. Blood

Chapter 14. Blood. Blood Volume. Blood Composition. Blood Blood connective tissue transports vital substances maintains stability of interstitial fluid distributes heat Chapter 14 Blood Blood Cells form mostly in red bone marrow red blood cells white blood cells

More information

Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting Administrative and Clinical Competencies

Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting Administrative and Clinical Competencies Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting Administrative and Clinical Competencies THIRD EDITION CHAPTER 27 The Cardiovascular System Lesson 2: Composition and Function of Lesson Objectives Upon completion

More information

Blood. BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues. Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire

Blood. BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues. Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 11 Blood Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of Hawaii Honolulu Community

More information

Chapter 19: The Cardiovascular System: The Blood. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 19: The Cardiovascular System: The Blood. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 19: The Cardiovascular System: The Blood Blood Liquid connective tissue 3 general functions 1. Transportation Gases, nutrients, hormones, waste products 2. Regulation ph, body temperature, osmotic

More information

A. Plasma - A little more than half of your blood is a watery portion termed plasma.

A. Plasma - A little more than half of your blood is a watery portion termed plasma. Lesson Three Blood and Immunity Outline II. Blood - Blood is composed of a cellular portion and a watery portion. It carries the essential life-sustaining nutrients, gases (oxygen) and wastes throughout

More information

Hematocrit. Hematocrit = using a centrifuge to separate out the parts of blood. Plasma Formed elements:

Hematocrit. Hematocrit = using a centrifuge to separate out the parts of blood. Plasma Formed elements: Blood Notes Hematocrit Hematocrit = using a centrifuge to separate out the parts of blood Plasma Formed elements: Buffy Coat = Leukocytes and Platelets Erythrocytes General Facts Blood ph = 7.4 Volume

More information

BLOOD & CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. Prepared by Mr.Yeung

BLOOD & CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. Prepared by Mr.Yeung BLOOD & CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Prepared by Mr.Yeung CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Overview Every cell in a living organism must have direct access to its nutrient supply Single celled organisms rely on simple diffusion

More information

Capillary Action and Blood Components. Biology 20 Unit D: Body Systems Circulation

Capillary Action and Blood Components. Biology 20 Unit D: Body Systems Circulation Capillary Action and Blood Components Biology 20 Unit D: Body Systems Circulation 1 Remember. Capillaries are so small that blood cells can only pass through single file Important because they are the

More information

Lifeblood Lab Activity

Lifeblood Lab Activity History of Blood: It is the universal symbol of horror, of death, yet it is the one thing that keeps you living. It is the blood that is coursing through your veins. But, what do you really know about

More information

Immune System AP SBI4UP

Immune System AP SBI4UP Immune System AP SBI4UP TYPES OF IMMUNITY INNATE IMMUNITY ACQUIRED IMMUNITY EXTERNAL DEFENCES INTERNAL DEFENCES HUMORAL RESPONSE Skin Phagocytic Cells CELL- MEDIATED RESPONSE Mucus layer Antimicrobial

More information

Immunology. Prof. Nagwa Mohamed Aref (Molecular Virologist & Immunology)

Immunology. Prof. Nagwa Mohamed Aref (Molecular Virologist & Immunology) Host Defenses Overview and Nonspecific Defenses I Immunology Prof. Nagwa Mohamed Aref (Molecular Virologist & Immunology) The Nature of Host Defenses 2 3 4 1st line of defense - intact skin mucous membranes

More information

Chapter 11. Oxygen, nutrients, wastes, carbon dioxide, hormones and more. Body temperature, water-salt balance and body ph

Chapter 11. Oxygen, nutrients, wastes, carbon dioxide, hormones and more. Body temperature, water-salt balance and body ph Chapter 11 FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD 1. Transportation Oxygen, nutrients, wastes, carbon dioxide, hormones and more 2. Defense Against invasion by pathogens 3. Regulatory functions Body temperature, watersalt

More information

Blood & Immunity. Blood

Blood & Immunity. Blood Blood & Immunity Blood Plasma Watery portion (90% water) of blood About 55% of the blood Contains many proteins including antibodies and albumin Cells Comprise about 45% of blood Erythrocytes (red blood

More information

Biology 218 Human Anatomy. Adapted form Martini Human Anatomy 7th ed. Chapter 20 The Cardiovascular System: Blood

Biology 218 Human Anatomy. Adapted form Martini Human Anatomy 7th ed. Chapter 20 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Adapted form Martini Human Anatomy 7th ed. Chapter 20 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Introduction The cardiovascular system functions as a system to transport numerous substances throughout the body

More information

Blood ---Ch 14. Whole blood consists of a plasma and cellular component.

Blood ---Ch 14. Whole blood consists of a plasma and cellular component. Blood ---Ch 14 Circulating blood provides a vital function for survival: transports hormones to their destination, waste products to the kidneys for removal and transports ions / chemicals to various parts

More information

!!!!!Blood ---Ch 14. Whole blood consists of a plasma and cellular component.

!!!!!Blood ---Ch 14. Whole blood consists of a plasma and cellular component. !!!!!Blood ---Ch 14 Circulating blood provides a vital function for survival: transports hormones to their destination, waste products to the kidneys for removal and transports ions / chemicals to various

More information

PHLEBOTOMIST. person trained to draw blood from a patient for clinical or medical testing, transfusions, donations, or research.

PHLEBOTOMIST. person trained to draw blood from a patient for clinical or medical testing, transfusions, donations, or research. BLOOD PHLEBOTOMIST person trained to draw blood from a patient for clinical or medical testing, transfusions, donations, or research. Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body Hematophobia

More information

Components of the Blood

Components of the Blood Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Hemoglobin is responsible for distributing oxygen, and to a lesser extent, carbon dioxide, throughout the circulatory systems of humans, vertebrates, and many invertebrates. The blood

More information

Blood. The only fluid tissue in the human body Classified as a connective tissue. Living cells = formed elements Non-living matrix = plasma

Blood. The only fluid tissue in the human body Classified as a connective tissue. Living cells = formed elements Non-living matrix = plasma Blood Blood The only fluid tissue in the human body Classified as a connective tissue Living cells = formed elements Non-living matrix = plasma Blood Physical Characteristics of Blood Color range Oxygen-rich

More information

The Lymphatic System and Immunity. Chapters 20 & 21

The Lymphatic System and Immunity. Chapters 20 & 21 The Lymphatic System and Immunity Chapters 20 & 21 Objectives 1. SC.912.L.14.52 - Explain the basic functions of the human immune system, including specific and nonspecific immune response, vaccines, and

More information

The fluid medium (blood) is a highly specialized connective tissue that consists of various blood cells (formed elements) suspended in a fluid matrix

The fluid medium (blood) is a highly specialized connective tissue that consists of various blood cells (formed elements) suspended in a fluid matrix Blood In Detail The fluid medium (blood) is a highly specialized connective tissue that consists of various blood cells (formed elements) suspended in a fluid matrix (blood plasma). The formed elements

More information

Unit 6: Circulatory System. 6.1 Blood

Unit 6: Circulatory System. 6.1 Blood Unit 6: Circulatory System 6.1 Blood Blood Function Function Nutritive Respiratory Excretory Regulatory Protective Effects on Body Transporting nutrient molecules (glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and

More information

Chapter Pages Transmission

Chapter Pages Transmission Chapter 19.2 Pages 442-448 Transmission Immunity There are three lines of defense: 1 The skin and mucous membranes are a nonspecific barrier to infection. 2 Macrophages attack pathogens that enter the

More information

Chapter 19. Openstax: Chapter 18. Blood

Chapter 19. Openstax: Chapter 18. Blood Chapter 19 Blood Openstax: Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Learning Outcomes After completing Chapter 19, you will be able to: 1. Describe the components and major functions of blood and list the physical characteristics

More information

What is the function of blood? MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS IN THREE WAYS: TRANSPORT REGULATION PROTECTION

What is the function of blood? MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS IN THREE WAYS: TRANSPORT REGULATION PROTECTION What is the function of blood? MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS IN THREE WAYS: TRANSPORT REGULATION PROTECTION Components of Blood TRANSPORT Blood maintains homeostasis by transporting: O 2 Co 2 H 2 o Nutrients Waste

More information

G. Types of White Blood Cells

G. Types of White Blood Cells 1. White blood cells are also called leukocytes. G. Types of White Blood Cells 2. White blood cells function to protect against diseases. 3. Two hormones that stimulate white blood cell production are

More information

Blood ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION

Blood ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 10 Blood PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Blood The only fluid tissue in the human

More information

THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. Unit 3: Transportation and Respiration

THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. Unit 3: Transportation and Respiration THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Unit 3: Transportation and Respiration Introduction The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system, is an organ system that allows blood to flow to all the cells in

More information

07 Human transport Biology Notes IGCSE Cambridge #69 Transport in humans - the circulatory system

07 Human transport Biology Notes IGCSE Cambridge #69 Transport in humans - the circulatory system 07 Human transport Biology Notes IGCSE Cambridge 2014 #69 Transport in humans - the circulatory system The main transport system of human is the circulatory system, a system of tubes (blood vessels) with

More information

Blood ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION

Blood ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 10 Blood PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Blood The only fluid tissue in the human

More information

BLOOD AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. Chapter 11

BLOOD AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. Chapter 11 BLOOD AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Chapter 11 BLOOD 5 L of blood 55% fluid 45% blood cells Blood cells produced in bone marrow Hematocrit-percentage of red blood cells PLASMA Plasma-fluid portion of blood(90%

More information

Branch of medicine that deals with blood, its formation and disorders is called. Three main functions of cardiovascular system are,, and.

Branch of medicine that deals with blood, its formation and disorders is called. Three main functions of cardiovascular system are,, and. Chapter 19 The Blood Human body must maintain a balance called. Body fluid inside the cells is called fluid; that outside is called or fluid. Two major fluid networks that help in connecting cells are

More information

Immune System. Biol 105 Chapter 13

Immune System. Biol 105 Chapter 13 Immune System Biol 105 Chapter 13 Outline Immune System I. Function of the Immune system II. Barrier Defenses III. Nonspecific Defenses A. Immune system cells B. Inflammatory response C. Complementary

More information

Functions of Blood. 1. Transportation 2. Protection against invasion 3. Blood clotting 4. Regulation. Blood: Functions Blood clotting

Functions of Blood. 1. Transportation 2. Protection against invasion 3. Blood clotting 4. Regulation. Blood: Functions Blood clotting Outline Blood Biol 105 Lecture Packet 13 Chapter 11 I. Overview of blood II. Functions of blood III. Composition of blood IV. Composition of plasma V. Composition of formed elements VI. Platelets VII.

More information

The Immune System. These are classified as the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Innate Immunity

The Immune System. These are classified as the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Innate Immunity The Immune System Biological mechanisms that defend an organism must be 1. triggered by a stimulus upon injury or pathogen attack 2. able to counteract the injury or invasion 3. able to recognise foreign

More information

Blood ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION

Blood ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 10 Blood PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Blood The only fluid tissue in the human

More information

Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Marieb) Chapter 10 Blood. Multiple Choice

Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Marieb) Chapter 10 Blood. Multiple Choice Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Marieb) Chapter 10 Blood Multiple Choice 1) The matrix of blood is called: A) buffy coat B) plasma C) erythrocytes D) lymphocytes E) formed elements Diff: 1 Page

More information

Chapter 06 Lecture Outline. See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes.

Chapter 06 Lecture Outline. See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. Chapter 06 Lecture Outline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. 2012 Pearson Permission Education,

More information

Chapter 17. The Lymphatic System and Immunity. Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 17. The Lymphatic System and Immunity. Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 17 The Lymphatic System and Immunity Immunity Innate Immunity Fast, non-specific and no memory Barriers, ph extremes, Phagocytes & NK cells, fever, inflammation, complement, interferon Adaptive

More information

BLOOD RUNS THROUGH YOUR BODY

BLOOD RUNS THROUGH YOUR BODY BLOOD RUNS THROUGH YOUR BODY WORKSHEET A Your heart and blood vessels make up your blood system. At the centre of your blood system is your heart. Its job is to pump the blood around your body. The rest

More information

Blood ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION

Blood ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 10 Blood PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Blood The only fluid tissue in the human

More information

Chapter 19: The Cardiovascular System: The Blood. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 19: The Cardiovascular System: The Blood. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 19: The Cardiovascular System: The Blood Blood Liquid connective tissue 1. Transportation - Gases, nutrients, hormones, and waste. 2. Regulation - ph, body temperature, and blood pressure. 3. Protection

More information

Body Defense Mechanisms

Body Defense Mechanisms BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 13 Body Defense Mechanisms Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of

More information

The immune system is made up of a complex and vital network of cells and organs that protect the body from infection.

The immune system is made up of a complex and vital network of cells and organs that protect the body from infection. IMMUNE SYSTEM Viruses, bacteria and other germs are all around us. Most of the time, a healthy immune system keeps us well. The purpose of the immune system is to keep infectious micro-organisms, such

More information

Chapter 13 Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Chapter 13 Lymphatic and Immune Systems The Chapter 13 Lymphatic and Immune Systems 1 The Lymphatic Vessels Lymphoid Organs Three functions contribute to homeostasis 1. Return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream 2. Help defend the body against

More information

The Immune System. Protective system that fight disease in the body. Includes parts of the circulatory system and lymph system.

The Immune System. Protective system that fight disease in the body. Includes parts of the circulatory system and lymph system. The Immune System Protective system that fight disease in the body. Includes parts of the circulatory system and lymph system. The immune system recognizes, attacks, destroys, and remembers each kind of

More information

Composition of Blood

Composition of Blood Blood Blood Blood serves as a vehicle for distributing body heat and for transporting nutrients, respiratory gases, and other substances throughout the body. Composition of Blood Blood is the only fluid

More information

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, ONDO DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD AND BODY FLUID PHYSIOLOGY LECTURER: MR A.O. AKINOLA OBJECTIVES Leukopoiesis Thrombopoiesis Leukopoiesis and Lymphopoiesis White blood

More information

Blood Lecture Outline : Fluid Connective Tissue Part I of the Cardiovascular Unit

Blood Lecture Outline : Fluid Connective Tissue Part I of the Cardiovascular Unit Blood Lecture Outline : Fluid Connective Tissue Part I of the Cardiovascular Unit General Characteristics: Extracellular matrix ph Volume Functions of the blood: 1. Transport 2. Regulation 3. Protection

More information

Immunology Lecture- 1

Immunology Lecture- 1 Immunology Lecture- 1 Immunology and Immune System Immunology: Study of the components and function of the immune system Immune System a network collected from cells, tissues organs and soluble factors

More information

Blood Journey > Creation of Blood. What Is Blood Made Of?

Blood Journey > Creation of Blood. What Is Blood Made Of? Blood Journey > Creation of Blood What Is Blood Made Of? Blood is a mixture of cells and watery liquid, called plasma, that the cells float in. It also contains other things like nutrients (such as sugar),

More information

Blood: A Fluid Tissue

Blood: A Fluid Tissue 11.2 Blood: A Fluid Tissue Humans have long recognized the importance of blood, even without understanding the true nature of its role in the body. Modern science has shown that blood is fundamental to

More information

Plasma Red blood cells White blood cells. Leucocytes KEYWORDS Phagocytes

Plasma Red blood cells White blood cells. Leucocytes KEYWORDS Phagocytes Blood Plasma Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Lymphocytes Leucocytes KEYWORDS Phagocytes Monocytes Erythocytes ABO groups Haemoglobin Blood components: Components of blood: Plasma Red blood

More information

Chapter 06 Lecture Outline

Chapter 06 Lecture Outline Chapter 06 Lecture Outline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction

More information

BIOCHEMISTRY OF BLOOD

BIOCHEMISTRY OF BLOOD BCH 471 BIOCHEMISTRY OF BLOOD Amal Alamri Experiment 1 Separation of Plasma and Serum from Whole Blood Whole Blood It is living tissue that circulates through the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries

More information

Immune System. Biol 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13

Immune System. Biol 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13 Immune System Biol 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13 Outline Immune System I. Function of the Immune system II. Barrier Defenses III. Nonspecific Defenses A. Immune system cells B. Inflammatory response C. Complementary

More information

Outline. Animals: Immunity. Defenses Against Disease. Key Concepts:

Outline. Animals: Immunity. Defenses Against Disease. Key Concepts: Animals: Immunity Defenses Against Disease Outline 1. Key concepts 2. Physical barriers: Skin, Mucus and HCL in stomach 3. Non-specific 4. Specific responses Immune System a. Components of Immune system

More information

Blood: Functions. Liquid connective tissue 3 general functions 1. Transportation. 2. Regulation. 3. Protection

Blood: Functions. Liquid connective tissue 3 general functions 1. Transportation. 2. Regulation. 3. Protection Blood Elements Lecture Objectives List blood components. Classify formed elements of blood. Discuss the scientific basis of the above classification. Describe the basic structure of erythrocytes and criteria

More information

Chapter 19 Cardiovascular System Blood: Functions. Plasma

Chapter 19 Cardiovascular System Blood: Functions. Plasma Chapter 19 Cardiovascular System Blood: Functions 19-1 Plasma Liquid part of blood. Colloid: liquid containing suspended substances that don t settle out of solution 91% water. Remainder proteins, ions,

More information

- Blood performs vital pickup and delivery services. - It also provides much of the protection necessary to withstand foreign "invaders"

- Blood performs vital pickup and delivery services. - It also provides much of the protection necessary to withstand foreign invaders 1 Blood is a fluid tissue that transports chemicals and many different kinds of cells - Blood performs vital pickup and delivery services - It also provides much of the protection necessary to withstand

More information

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: Blood C h a p t e r 11 The Cardiovascular System: Blood PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College - North Harris Introduction to the Cardiovascular System A circulating transport system

More information

Chapter 38- Immune System

Chapter 38- Immune System Chapter 38- Immune System First Line of Defense: Barriers Nonspecific defenses, such as the skin and mucous membranes, are barriers to potential pathogens. In addition to being a physical barrier to pathogens,

More information

Overview: Blood Composition and Function

Overview: Blood Composition and Function Chapter 17: Blood Overview: Blood Composition and Function Overview: Blood Composition and Function Formed elements 45% of whole blood Blood cells and cell fragments Erythrocytes Red blood cells (99.9%)

More information

What are the functions of blood?

What are the functions of blood? What are the functions of blood? Transportation: oxygen, nutrients, wastes, carbon dioxide, nitrogen from amino acids and hormones, lipoproteins HDL and LDL Hemoglobin carries oxygen and CO2, (CO poisoning)

More information

Immunity and Infection. Chapter 17

Immunity and Infection. Chapter 17 Immunity and Infection Chapter 17 The Chain of Infection Transmitted through a chain of infection (six links) Pathogen: Disease causing microorganism Reservoir: Natural environment of the pathogen Portal

More information

The Circulatory System. Blood and Blood Pressure

The Circulatory System. Blood and Blood Pressure The Circulatory System Blood and Blood Pressure Blood Total volume = 8-9% of body mass Average person = 5 L of blood DYK? Blood is actually a tissue! Plasma: - water, proteins, salts, gases, nutrients,

More information

Chapter 37 Section 1: Protecting Against Disease. Key Vocabulary Terms 9

Chapter 37 Section 1: Protecting Against Disease. Key Vocabulary Terms 9 Chapter 37 Section 1: Protecting Against Disease Key Vocabulary Terms 9 Adapted from Holt Biology 2008 Pathogen A microorganism, another organism, a virus, or a protein that causes disease; an infectious

More information

The Circulatory System. The circulatory system includes the Heart, Blood Tissue and the Blood Vessels.

The Circulatory System. The circulatory system includes the Heart, Blood Tissue and the Blood Vessels. The Circulatory System The circulatory system includes the Heart, Blood Tissue and the Blood Vessels. The Circulatory System-Transport The absorption and circulation of materials throughout an organism

More information

Immune System. Before You Read. Read to Learn

Immune System. Before You Read. Read to Learn Immune System 37 section 2 The Immune System Biology/Life Sciences 10.b Students know the role of antibodies in the body s response to infection. Also covers: Biology/Life Sciences 10.a, 10.e, 10.f Components

More information

Unit 10: Blood. 2. Buffy coat contains leukocytes and platelets (less than 1% of blood)

Unit 10: Blood. 2. Buffy coat contains leukocytes and platelets (less than 1% of blood) Unit 10: Blood I. Blood A. The only fluid tissue in the human body B. Classified as a connective tissue C. Components of blood 1. Living cells a. Formed elements 2. Non-living matrix a. Plasma D. If blood

More information

Blood Physiology. Rodolfo T. Rafael, M.D.,CFP

Blood Physiology. Rodolfo T. Rafael, M.D.,CFP Blood Physiology Rodolfo T. Rafael, M.D.,CFP http://clinical-updates.blogspot.com rtrafaelmd@gmail.com +639212147558 July 26, 2006 1 Blood Physiology General Consideration Plasma Cellular Elements of the

More information

phagocytic leukocyte Fighting the Enemy Within Immune System lymphocytes attacking cancer cell lymph system

phagocytic leukocyte Fighting the Enemy Within Immune System lymphocytes attacking cancer cell lymph system Fighting the Enemy Within phagocytic leukocyte Immune System lymphocytes attacking cancer cell lymph system AP Biology 2006-2007 Avenues of attack Points of entry digestive system respiratory system urinary

More information

Chapter 40 Section 2 The Immune System

Chapter 40 Section 2 The Immune System Chapter 40 Section 2 The Immune System Science Standard 10a What is the role of the skin in providing nonspecific defenses against infection? What is the function of the immune system? The immune system

More information

Defense mechanism against pathogens

Defense mechanism against pathogens Defense mechanism against pathogens Immune System What is immune system? Cells and organs within an animal s body that contribute to immune defenses against pathogens ( ) Bacteria -Major entry points ;open

More information

2/28/18. Lymphatic System and Immunity. Introduction. Anatomy. Chapter 27. Component of the circulatory system Lymphatic system

2/28/18. Lymphatic System and Immunity. Introduction. Anatomy. Chapter 27. Component of the circulatory system Lymphatic system Lymphatic System and Immunity Chapter 27 1 Introduction Component of the circulatory system Lymphatic system - Helps maintain fluid balance - Supports transport of nutrients within the body - Has disease-fighting

More information

- Helps maintain fluid balance - Supports transport of nutrients within the body. - Has disease-fighting functions - Helps maintain homeostasis

- Helps maintain fluid balance - Supports transport of nutrients within the body. - Has disease-fighting functions - Helps maintain homeostasis Introduction Lymphatic System and Immunity Chapter 27 Component of the circulatory system Lymphatic system - Helps maintain fluid balance - Supports transport of nutrients within the body - Has disease-fighting

More information

Immune system. Aims. Immune system. Lymphatic organs. Inflammation. Natural immune system. Adaptive immune system

Immune system. Aims. Immune system. Lymphatic organs. Inflammation. Natural immune system. Adaptive immune system Aims Immune system Lymphatic organs Inflammation Natural immune system Adaptive immune system Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Disorders of the immune system 1 2 Immune system Lymphoid organs Immune

More information

Unit 10 Cardiovascular System

Unit 10 Cardiovascular System Unit 10 Cardiovascular System I. Functions Deliver nutrients to cells > O 2, sugars, amino acids, lipids, ions, H 2 O... Remove waste from cells > CO 2, pathogens, toxins, lactic acid... Fight off infection

More information

Immune System. Biology 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13

Immune System. Biology 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13 Immune System Biology 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13 Outline: Immune System I. Functions of the immune system II. Barrier defenses III. Non-specific defenses A. Immune system cells B. Inflammatory response

More information

Immunity. Chapter 38 Part 1

Immunity. Chapter 38 Part 1 Immunity Chapter 38 Part 1 Impacts, Issues Frankie s Last Wish Infection with a common, sexually transmitted virus (HPV) causes most cervical cancers including the one that killed Frankie McCullogh 38.1

More information

2. The normal of the gut, and vagina keep the growth of pathogens in check. 3. in the respiratory tract sweep out bacteria and particles.

2. The normal of the gut, and vagina keep the growth of pathogens in check. 3. in the respiratory tract sweep out bacteria and particles. Chapter 39 Immunity I. Three Lines of Defense A. Surface Barriers to Invasion 1. is an important barrier. 2. The normal of the gut, and vagina keep the growth of pathogens in check. 3. in the respiratory

More information

Unit 10 - Blood The only fluid tissue in the human body. c) Plasma rises to the top (55% of blood)

Unit 10 - Blood The only fluid tissue in the human body. c) Plasma rises to the top (55% of blood) Unit 10 - Blood 1 I. Unit 10: Blood A. Blood 1. The only fluid tissue in the human body 2. Classified as a connective tissue 3. Components of blood a) Living cells (1) Formed elements b) Non-living matrix

More information

1. Lymphatic vessels recover about of the fluid filtered by capillaries. A. ~1% C. ~25% E. ~85% B. ~10% D. ~50%

1. Lymphatic vessels recover about of the fluid filtered by capillaries. A. ~1% C. ~25% E. ~85% B. ~10% D. ~50% BIOL2030 Huaman A&P II -- Exam 3 -- XXXX -- Form A Name: 1. Lymphatic vessels recover about of the fluid filtered by capillaries. A. ~1% C. ~25% E. ~85% B. ~10% D. ~50% 2. Special lymphatic vessels called

More information

Composition and Functions of Blood. Text p WB 193

Composition and Functions of Blood. Text p WB 193 Chapter 10 Blood Composition and Functions of Blood Text p. 337-339 WB 193 Blood Transports everything that must be carried from one place to another. Nutrients, ions, gases, hormones, proteins Urea, waste

More information