HIV/AIDS. Kuna High School Mr. Stanley

Transcription

1 HIV/AIDS Kuna High Schoo Mr. Staney

2 Terms to know Epidemic - a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particuar time

3 Terms to know Pandemic - (of a infectious disease) prevaent over a whoe country or the word

4 Terms to Know - HIV H I V Human Immuno-deficiency: because the virus causes a deficiency which means that the body s immune system is unabe to work propery Virus: because the HIV is a virus it is unabe to reproduce by itsef. It has to take over the other ces in the body and use them to hep it reproduce.

5 Terms to Know - AIDS AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is the fina stage of HIV disease, which causes severe damage to the immune system. A Acquired: because it is a condition that the person must acquire or get infected with. It is not transmitted through genes. I Immune: because it effects the immune system D Deficiency: because it makes the immune system deficient, it stops it working S Syndrome: because someone with AIDS may experience a wide range of symptoms Many doctors no onger use the term AIDS Instead they wi refer to ate-stage or advanced HIV infection. This is because a persons CD4 count can vary around the 200 eve, sometimes it may be higher or ower

6 Key Points HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. AIDS is the resut of HIV infection. HIV infection can be prevented. HIV is not spread through everyday casua contact. Peope cannot get HIV when they give bood.

7 HIV and AIDS AIDS is one of the most deady diseases in history. AIDS is caused by HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) HIV destroys the body s defense system (the immune system). Thousands of teens in the U.S. become infected each year.

8 Symptoms of AIDS Extreme weakness and fatigue Minor infections that cause skin rashes and mouth, genita, and ana sores. Rapid weight oss White spots in the mouth or throat Frequent fevers with no expanation Chronic diarrhea Heavy sweating at night A cough that won t go away Swoen ymph gands Short-term memory oss

9 How is HIV treated? There is NO cure. If you think you or your partner may have HIV or AIDS you need to see a heathcare provider who can do bood tests. Prevention is the ony way to protect yoursef from contracting the virus.

10 Red bood ces Use Hemogobin to carry oxygen. Carry 300% more oxygen than pasma Carries CO2 and waste away from tissue.

11 White bood ce Types of WBCs Neutrophis Eosinophis Basophies Monocytes Heper T ces Cytotoxic T ces Memory T ces Suppressor T ces

12 HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus Advanced Immunodeficiency Syndrome Transferred through direct bodiy contact Attacks Heper T-ces Can ony be transferred through unprotected intercourse and the sharing of needes

13 Point 1: Get Information HIV Lifecyce 4 CD 4+ T-ce 38

14 Point 1: Get Information HIV Lifecyce 4 Step 1: Attach & Enter 39

15 Point 1: Get Information HIV Lifecyce 4 Step 1: Attach & Enter Step 2: HIV Taks to the Ce 40

16 Point 1: Get Information HIV Lifecyce 4 Step 1: Attach & Enter Step 2: HIV Taks to the Ce Step 3: HIV Takes Contro of the Ce 41

17 Point 1: Get Information HIV Lifecyce 4 Step 1: Attach & Enter Step 2: HIV Taks to the Ce Step 3: HIV Takes Contro of the Ce Step 4: Making Virus Parts 42

18 Point 1: Get Information HIV Lifecyce 4 Step 1: Attach & Enter Step 2: HIV Taks to the Ce Step 3: HIV Takes Contro of the Ce Step 4: Making Virus Parts Step 5: Buid & Reease 43

19 How HIV is Not Spread HIV is not spread through everyday casua contact.

20 How HIV is Spread HIV is spread By having vagina, ana, or ora sex with an infected person. By sharing needes or syringes with and infected person. During pregnancy, birth or breast feeding from an infected mother to her baby. Body fuids of an infected person that spread HIV: Semen Bood Vagina fuid Breast mik

21 HIV in Body Fuids Bood 18,000 Semen 11,000 Vagina Fuid 7,000 Amniotic Fuid 4,000 Saiva 1 Average number of HIV partices in 1 m of these body fuids

22 HIV Infection Peope infected with HIV incubation period May ook and fee heath for a ong time years Can infect others even if they don t ook or fe sick. May have symptoms that are ike those of many other inesses. When peope deveop AIDS, they may get inesses that heathy peope usuay don t get. Ony a test can show if someone is infected with HIV. Ony a doctor can diagnose AIDS.

23 When does HIV become AIDS? 1500 to 800 CD4 - Average heathy person CD4 COUNT Beow 500 CD4 - HIV+ person at risk from Opportunistic Infections 200 CD4 - Person is considered to have AIDS! In many deveoping countries they are unabe to conduct the difficut CD4 count tests. In these countries AIDS is diagnosed by ooking at the symptoms that the person has.

24 What are Opportunistic Infections? Peope more vunerabe to other infections which woud be effectivey kept under contro with a heathy immune system. Opportunistic infections (opportunistic iness), take the opportunity to take advantage of the weak immune system. It is graduay these infections rather than the HIV that wi ki the infected person. Some of the most common opportunistic infections are: PCP: a rare type of pneumonia. CMV: a type of herpes that can cause bindness, brain and ung probems. Cancers: as the immune system is unabe to keep the growth of ces under contro. TB

25 How ong does it take for HIV to turn into AIDS? There is not just one straight forward answer. A ot depends on what part of the word the HIV+ person is from. Deveoped Word: On average a person can ive for up to 10 years before they get i. Deveoping Word: On average an HIV+ person can ive up to between 6 and 8 years before they get i. Without treatment the time between AIDS and death is about months. In most deveoping countries there is minimum access to drugs and the time between iness and death is shorter. Now that there are anti-hiv drugs it is thought that peope wi be abe to ive onger. This is because peope in deveoping countries are unabe to eat enough nutritious food; they ead stressed fied ives and are often exposed to mutipe infections

26 Why are young peope so vunerabe to HIV? Experimentation Risk taking Feeing of invincibiity Lack of sef esteem Peer pressure Lack of information/education Poitica reasons Gender issues Young peope are more infectious

27 HIV Testing Peope who think they are at risk of HIV infection are encouraged to seek counseing and testing. Do not donate bood to get tested for HIV.

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35 Bood Suppy The risk of getting HIV from a bood transfusion in the U.S. is extremey ow. A bood donors are screened for their risk of HIV. A donated bood is tested. A bood that tests positive for signs of HIV is destroyed. Source: American Red Cross HIV/AIDS Program: HIV Education and Prevention

36 Donating Bood HIV/AIDS STD's Tattoo/Piercing

37 Universa Precautions What are Universa precautions?

38 Universa Precautions Universa precautions are work practices that hep prevent contact with bood and certain other body fuids. Universa precautions are: Your best protection against HIV (the virus that causes AIDS), hepatitis B and some other infectious diseases. Required in certain jobs. Can hep prevent iness and save ives incuding your own!

39 How Universa Precautions Certain infectious diseases are caused by viruses. HIV AIDS is caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). Hepatitis B is caused by HBV (hepatitis B virus). Hepatitis C is caused by HCV (hepatitis C virus). HBV and HCV attack the iver and can resut in severe iness even death.

40 Preventing Infection Universa precautions hep prevent infection through the use of: protective barriers, such as goves, gowns, masks and gogges safe work practices, such as proper disposa of sharps and proper hand washing.

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44 Questions 3. What is a pandemic disease? 4. What high risk behavior can ead to teens becoming infected with a STD or HIV? 5. Why are teens ess ikey than aduts to seek medica attention for an STD? 6. What is AIDS? 7. Expain the ways HIV is known to be transmitted. 8. Why are there so many myths surrounding AIDS? 9. Name two ways teens can reduce their risk of HIV infection.