EVALUATION TOOLS...123

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1 EVALUATION TOOLS f Daily evaluation f End of course evaluation f Pre- and post-tests We learned more new technique and method to improve our course at the present The tree gives us an idea and easy to use in our training to show participants to easily understand the HIV/AIDS problem specific things with the picture like mother to child, blood routes those pictures give us new idea to do during our coming training (Thailand) E V A L U A T I O N T O O L S It gives me more hope that it can be controlled with proper education. Therefore I am going to talk about this to everyone (Sierra Leone)

2 Evaluation tools f Daily evaluation f End of course evaluation f Pre- and post-tests Evaluation tools 123

3 Daily evaluation: DAY Please tick the appropriate box and comment where relevant: Adequate Not enough Too much Comments Information Explanation Participation opportunities Breaks or Energizers Handouts Discussion time Question time Refreshments Do you feel that the outcomes for the day were achieved? If not, please explain. Could the presentation styles be improved? Please explain. Please suggest any other changes that could improve today s program. Name one thing you learned today that will help you in your work and write one objective. 124 HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

4 End of course evaluation Please evaluate the content of what you learned: TOPICS Enough for Too much Too little my needs information information 1. HIV/AIDS - Basic facts 2. A framework for HIV/AIDS interventions 3. Behavior Change Communication 4. Sexually transmitted infections 5. Voluntary counseling and testing 6. Condoms 7. Universal precautions 8. Mother-to-child transmission 9. Stigma 10. Care of people living with HIV/AIDS Where relevant, please explain your answers to the above. Was the level of complexity of the course: too basic appropriate too scientific If anything was too basic or too scientific, please explain. Were you able to participate when you wanted to? If not, how could we make participation easier? Was the time allowed for training: Were there enough breaks, energizers, etc.? too little adequate too much Were you comfortable with the group dynamics during the course, or is there anything that could have made it more comfortable? Were the handouts you received (in addition to the manual) helpful? If not, what else would have been helpful? Evaluation tools 125

5 f 9 0 Is there anything we could do to improve administration and practical arrangements? How do you feel about running an introductory training on HIV/AIDS with your clients or colleagues? Confident OK Not ready How do you feel about developing a behavior change strategy with colleagues from your organization? Confident OK Not ready How do you feel about advising a young person about prevention of HIV/AIDS? Confident OK Not ready How do you feel about discussing the advantages and disadvantages of voluntary counseling and testing with a friend? Confident OK Not ready How do you feel about explaining care options for people living with HIV/AIDS to colleagues and clients? Confident OK Not ready Was the course relevant to the work you are doing at present? Please explain. 6 Did the course meet your expectations? If not, please explain what else would have been helpful. 7 Did the course change anything about the way you feel about HIV/AIDS or people living with HIV/AIDS? If so, please explain. 126 HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

6 Pre- and post-test DAY 1 Which cells in the immune system are specifically attacked by the HIV virus? What is the term for infections that take advantage of a weakened immune system? What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? What is the most common cause of death among people with HIV/AIDS in Africa? Explain the term window period. How long does the window period last in most people? In developing countries, what is the usual time span between infection with the HIV virus and death from AIDS-related illness? It is possible to tell whether a person is infected with HIV by looking at them. f 9 Unequal power relationships between men and women can contribute to the spread of HIV. POST-TEST ONLY: 0 1 Name three socio-economic vulnerability areas. Name three biological risk factors that increase the risk of HIV transmission. Evaluation tools 127

7 Pre- and post-test DAY 1 ANSWER SHEET f 9 Which cells in the immune system are specifically attacked by the HIV virus? CD4 cells What is the term for infections that take advantage of a weakened immune system? Opportunistic infections What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? HIV is a virus. When the virus gets into a person s body, the person is infected with HIV or has HIV. AIDS is the group or syndrome of symptoms and signs, mostly caused by opportunistic infections, which results when the immune system is severely weakened. What is the most common cause of death among people with HIV/AIDS in Africa? TB Explain the term window period. The window period is the time between infection with the HIV virus and a positive HIV test. How long does the window period last in most people? About three months (twelve weeks) In developing countries, what is the usual time span between infection with the HIV virus and death from AIDS-related illness? Eight to ten years It is possible to tell whether a person is infected with HIV by looking at them. Unequal power relationships between men and women can contribute to the spread of HIV. POST-TEST ONLY: 0 1 Name three socio-economic vulnerability areas. Unsafe behavior, power issues, health services issues. Name three biological risk factors that increase the risk of HIV transmission. Viral load; receptive partner; young female; uncircumcised; damage to genitals; STIs. 128 HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

8 1 2 Pre- and post-test DAY 2 Name four ways in which people can protect themselves from getting HIV. People will always change their behavior if they are given the appropriate information about behaviors which could improve their health. Behavior change requires a personal decision and nothing else. Explain the term Behavior change communication. Name two models or theories that attempt to explain the behavior change process. Fear is often an effective way of getting people to change their behavior. Communication can be a one-way or a two-way process. f 9 Name three communication channels or media. All channels/media are appropriate for all messages. 0 Peer education is always the best way to increase safer sexual behavior among adolescents. POST-TEST ONLY: Name the four components of the communication process. Name two methods that help people to learn more easily. Evaluation tools 129

9 Pre- and post-test DAY 2 ANSWER SHEET Name four ways in which people can protect themselves from getting HIV. Abstain; Be faithful to one uninfected partner; Use condoms; Control damage and disease (treat STIs, avoid practices which cause damage to genitals.) People will always change their behavior if they are given the appropriate information about behaviors which could improve their health. Behavior change requires a personal decision and nothing else. Explain the term Behavior change communication. BCC is a process of working with individuals, communities and societies to: develop communication strategies to promote positive behaviors that are appropriate to their settings; AND provide an environment that will enable people to initiate and maintain positive behaviors. Name two models or theories that attempt to explain the behavior change process. Stages of Change Model; Diffusion of Ideas Model. Fear is often an effective way of getting people to change their behavior. Communication can be a one-way or a two-way process. f 9 0 Name three communication channels or media. Mass media, small media, dialogue-oriented approaches, participatory approaches. (Also correct if examples are named.) All channels/media are appropriate for all messages. Peer education is always the best way to increase safer sexual behavior among adolescents. POST-TEST ONLY: 1 2 Name the four components of the communication process. The communicator, the receiver/audience, the message, the channel/medium Name two methods that help people to learn more easily. People learn more easily when: f the new idea is linked with what they already know f they identify problems themselves and find solutions themselves f they go through a process of critical analysis and reflection 130 HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

10 Pre- and post-test DAY 3 Sexually transmitted infections can result in infertility in men and women. The presence of an STI increases the risk of HIV transmission. A person will always have symptoms if they have an STI. The syndromic approach to STI management requires laboratory tests. Why is a confirmatory test needed if an HIV test is positive? Name two advantages of knowing your HIV status. Name three important prerequisites for setting up VCT services. Condoms can be damaged by oil-based lubricants. f 9 Using both male and female condoms at the same time provides extra protection. Evaluation tools 131

11 Pre- and post-test DAY 3 ANSWER SHEET f 9 Sexually transmitted infections can result in infertility in men and women. The presence of an STI increases the risk of HIV transmission. A person will always have symptoms if they have an STI. The syndromic approach to STI management requires laboratory tests. Name two advantages of knowing your HIV status. f Can take responsibility for yourself. f Can plan for the future. f Can take steps to protect your health: diet, nutrition, rest, stress management, medical care. f Can be referred to appropriate services. f Can take steps to protect partners and unborn children. f Can make decisions about future pregnancies. f Can make decisions about breastfeeding. f Can protect yourself from re-infection, etc. Why is a confirmatory test needed if an HIV test is positive? About 2 percent of HIV tests may be false positive. Name three important prerequisites for setting up VCT services. f Buy-in from stakeholders (community leaders, religious leaders, health staff). f Education of community. f Appropriate venue. f Appropriate management systems. f Assured confidentiality. f Appropriate protocols. f Reliable supply of tests. f Staff capacity to do tests. f Staff capacity to counsel. f Means of monitoring quality of service (testing and counseling). f Appropriate links with other services for care. f Resources to sustain the services. Condoms can be damaged by oil-based lubricants. Using both male and female condoms at the same time provides extra protection. 132 HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

12 Pre- and post-test DAY 4 Name three ways in which HIV transmission can occur through blood. Name three universal precautions. Within how many hours after accidental exposure to HIV should a person begin post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)? Approximately what percentage of babies born to HIV-positive mothers will also be infected? Name three ways in which the HIV virus can pass from an HIV-infected mother to her baby. Breastfeeding alone (exclusive breastfeeding) carries a higher risk for HIV transmission to a baby than alternating breastfeeding with formula feeds. Name one drug that can reduce mother-to-child transmission. Name three ways of fighting stigma. Evaluation tools 133

13 Pre- and post-test DAY 4 ANSWER SHEET Name three ways in which HIV transmission can occur through blood. f Blood transfusion f Shared injection needles f Shared cutting instruments f Needle stick injury f Open sores f Mucous membrane splash f Shared implements Name three universal precautions. f Safe blood transfusions f Safe injections f Safe surgical procedures f Safe technique f Safe processing of instruments f Safe environment f Post-exposure prophylaxis Within how many hours after accidental exposure to HIV should a person begin post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)? Ideally within two to four hours Approximately what percentage of babies born to HIV-positive mothers will also be infected? About 33 percent or one-third Name three ways in which the HIV virus can pass from an HIV-infected mother to her baby. Pregnancy, delivery, breastfeeding Breastfeeding alone (exclusive breastfeeding) carries a higher risk for HIV transmission to a baby than alternating breastfeeding with formula feeds. Name one drug that can reduce mother-to-child transmission. Nevirapine; AZT Name three ways of fighting stigma. f Get rid of misconceptions f Get people talking f Care of PLWA f Disclosure by PLWA f Remembering people who died of AIDS f Advocacy f Policies and personal commitment by national leaders f Laws against discrimination 134 HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

14 Pre- and post-test DAY 5 Name three ways in which HIV/AIDS impacts families. Name three ways in which HIV/AIDS impacts societies. Emotional support can improve the physical health of people living with HIV/AIDS. Antiretroviral drugs are the only drugs that can help people with HIV/AIDS. Drug resistance is a problem concerning antiretrovirals. Antiretrovirals have to be taken for life. What is meant by a holistic approach to care of people living with HIV/AIDS? Who are people living with HIV/AIDS? Evaluation tools 135

15 Pre- and post-test DAY 5 ANSWER SHEET Name three ways in which HIV/AIDS impacts families. Facilitator s discretion Name three ways in which HIV/AIDS impacts societies. Facilitator s discretion Emotional support can improve the physical health of people living with HIV/AIDS. Antiretroviral drugs are the only drugs that can help people with HIV/AIDS. Drug resistance is a problem concerning antiretrovirals. Antiretrovirals have to be taken for life. What is a holistic approach to care of people living with HIV/AIDS? Care of the whole person: promoting a healthy lifestyle (positive attitude, nutrition, hygiene, exercise); emotional support; practical support; medical care. Who are people living with HIV/AIDS? Those infected and those affected. All of us. 136 HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

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17 Contact Us For more information about the Reproductive Health Response in Conflict Consortium, please visit our website at The HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control: Short Course for Humanitarian Workers is available online at or in print by contacting RHRC Consortium