TNO. computer vision syndrome (CVS) CVS.

Transcription

1 computer vision syndrome (CVS) CVS TNO ] [

2 pushup negative related NRA accommodation NRA positive related (monocular estimated PRA accommodation MEM method) Kolker Schaiman NPC (near point convergence) subjective objective

3 TNO T.N.O t ± ± t p= ± ± t p= ± ± t p= Lag ± ± t p= NRA ± ± t NRA p= PRA ± ± t PRA p= p< p ± ± t p= p= p= NRA PRA ي ناوارف ortho exo eso case control

4 watten NRAPRA CVS Barar References PRA NRA Culline AC/A Kolker Culline Futyma Yeow 1. Sheedy JE, ShawMcMinn PG. Diagnostic and treating computer related vision problems. California: Butherworth Heinemann; Collins MS, Brown B, Bowman KJ, Caird D. Task variables and visual discomfort associated with the use of VDTs. Optom Vis Sci 1991; 68:2733.

5 3. Wright KW, Spiegel PH. Pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus. 2 nd ed. San Francisco: SpringerVerlag; 1995: Griffin JR, Grisham DJ. Binocular anomalies diagnosis and vision therapy. 4 th ed. Amsterdam: Butterworth Heinemann; 2002: Kolker D, Hutchinson R, Nilsen E. Comparison of tests of accommodation for computer users. Optometry Apr; 73(4): Scheiman M. Accommodative and binocular vision disorders associated with video display terminals: Diagnosis and management issues. J Am Optom Assoc Sep;67(9): von Noorden GK, Campos EC. Binocular vision and ocular motility. 6 th ed. Philadelpheia: Mosby; 2002: 71 72, 85, 96, Evans B, Doshi S. Binocular vision and orthoptics investigation and management. Amsterdam: ButterworthHeinemann; 1999: Rutstein RP, Daum KM. Anomalies of binocular vision diagnostic and management. USA: Elsevier; 1998: Futyma E, Prost ME. Evaluation of the visual function in employees working with computers. Klin Oczna. 2002; 104(34): Yeow PT, Taylor SP. Effects of shortterm VDT usage on visual functions. Optom Vis Sci. 1989; 66(7): Watten RG, Lie I, Birketvedt O. The influence of longterm visual nearwork on accommodation and vergence. J Hum Ergol. 1994; 23(1): Barar A, Apatachioaie ID, Apatachioaie C, Marceanu Brasov L. Ophthalmologist and "computer vision syndrome. Oftalmologia. 2007; 51(3): Rachel V. Work and the eye. 2 nd ed. Boston: Butterworth Press; 2001: 122.

6 Convergence Systems and Compliance Status of Bank Employees Mahjoob Monireh, 1 Azimi khorasani Abbas, 2 Momeni moghadam Hamed, 1 Raeisi Masud, 3 Nejati Jalil 4 Background: according to high prevalence of visual disorders in computer users specially accommodative and convergence disorder the purpose of this study is assessment of Accommodation system, Convergence system and stereopsis in the bank employee (computer user) and control group (not computer user). Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study 44 bank employees and 44 subjects as control group was selected randomly. refractive errors was corrected and then near point of convergence, jump convergence,hetrophoria in near, near point of accommodation, lens Facility, negative and positive relative accommodation, accommodation lag, Fusional vergence and stereiosis with TNO was measured. Results: results showed there was significant difference between mean of NPC, Jump. convergence, phoria, NPA, Facility, NRA, PRA in bank employees and control group. Also there was not statistical difference between lag of accommodation, fusional Reserves and stereopsis in two groups. Conclusion: according to this study, Accommodative and Convergence disorders in bank employees were more than control group it may be due to excess work with computer in fixed distance. Keywords: Jump convergence, near point of accommodation, negative and positive relative accommodation, fusional Reserves 1. Lecturer of optometry, health promotion center, Zahedan medical university 2. Professor assistant of optometry, Mashad medical university 3. Rehabilitation management (MSc), optometrist (BSc) 4. Public health's expert of province heath center (MSc)