EL1A Mindfulness Meditation

Transcription

1 EL1A Mindfulness Meditation Lecture 3.2: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy & stress reduction Quick check: How much can you recall so far? Which of the following is NOT a concern Buddhists have about MBIs? a) Commercialization of meditation b) Psychologists stealing their followers away c) Stripping meditation from moral and wisdom aspects. 1

2 Lecture Overview! Topics: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) Other applications emerging! Cravings & addictions,! Radical acceptance! Mindfulness-based eating awareness (MB-EAT) Key Learnings:! Key Learning #1: Mindfulness-based stress reduction uses mindfulness meditation to help relieve stress in individuals and is secular, non-pathologizing, and transformative for patients and teachers.! Key Learning #2: : Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy uses mindfulness meditation and cognitive therapy to treat individuals with anxiety and depression.! Key Learning #3: Many more psychological therapy application of mindfulness meditation are being developed. 2

3 Key Learnings:! Key Learning #1: Mindfulness-based stress reduction uses mindfulness meditation to help relieve stress in individuals and is secular, non-pathologizing, and transformative for patients and teachers.! Key Learning #2: : Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy uses mindfulness meditation and cognitive therapy to treat individuals with anxiety and depression.! Key Learning #3: Many more psychological therapy application of mindfulness meditation are being developed. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)! Pioneered by Dr. Jon Kabat-Zinn a student of several Buddhists teachers (Thich Nhat Hanh, Seung Sahn) while completing a Ph.D in molecular biology at MIT.! His own Buddhist and yoga practices, led him to create MBSR.! Currently, Professor Emeritus and creator of the Stress Reduction Cline and the Center for Mindfulness in Meditation, U. of Massachusetts, School of Medicine! 3

4 MBSR Distinctive characteristics! Secular not connected with any spiritual or religious group! Non-pathologizing regard or treat (someone or something) as psychologically abnormal or unhealthy! Transformational for teachers and participants alike MBSR training & counseling sessions! Mindfulness-based stress reduction.! Secular, non-religious setting.! Buddhism only mentioned in a historical sense, if at all.! Counseling in small groups or one-on-one, clinical setting. 4

5 MBSR Training! 8 week training sessions ($2,000) at the University of Massachusetts Medical School.! The Mindfulness Institute in Edmonton also offers MBSR training! Formal practice, group discussions, and home practice.! Formal meditation includes: Body scan, Hatha yoga, walking meditation, eating meditation. Full Catastrophe Living (MBSR for the masses!)! Dr. Kabat-Zinn wrote this book in 1990 to make MBSR available to all.! Paying attention in the present moment as a universal human capacity.! A timely book, as many eastern practices (yoga, Tai Chi, meditation) becoming mainstream in N. America.! But many in the west want a non-religious approach. 5

6 Evidence based studies in support of MBSR! Kabat-Zinn and the Center for Mindfulness also supports research on MBSR.! Topics include MBSR for: stress, anxiety, chronic pain, immune system and brain function. Studies do confirm that MBSR works.! MBSR now taught around the world at medical centers, hospitals and health care units. MBSR Distinctive characteristics! Secular not connected Group with Effort: any spiritual or What religious are 3 group characteristics of MBSR! Non-pathologizing in terms of its approach? regard or treat (someone or something) as psychologically abnormal or unhealthy! Transformational for teachers and participants alike 6

7 Quick check: How much can you recall so far? MBSR is designed to treat what? a) Cognitive therapy b) Eating disorders c) Suicidal tendencies d) Stress reduction Key Learnings:! Key Learning #1: Mindfulness-based stress reduction uses mindfulness meditation to help relieve stress in individuals and is secular, non-pathologizing, and transformative for patients and teachers.! Key Learning #2: : Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy uses mindfulness meditation and cognitive therapy to treat individuals with anxiety and depression.! Key Learning #3: Many more psychological therapy application of mindfulness meditation are being developed. 7

8 Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)! Focused on people with histories of anxiety and major depression episodes to avoid relapse.! Developed by: Dr. Zindel Segal, Professor of Psychology, U. of T. Dr. Mark Williams, Professor of clinical psychology, University of Oxford, UK Dr. John Teasdale, Research scientist, University of Oxford and Cambridge. MBCT Approaches! MBCT combines mindfulness meditation with cognitive therapy.! 8 week structure like MBSR for professionals.! 1 day session for patients ($545 - $725, income based rates)! Not sure if any offered in Edmonton.! Cognitive therapy is designed to interrupt thought patterns that lead to depressive and anxious states. 8

9 MBCT psychological approaches! Helps clients to decenter from their thoughts and emotions - accepting the present moment as its is without needing to change or judge what is arising in the present moment.! MBCT has two modes of mind: Doing Mode one compares the wished-for with the actual (comparatively unsatisfactory) situation and struggle or suffering begins Being Mode one settles into the actual situation and allows it to be a focus of exploration revealing its impermanent nature. MBSR/MBCT in Edmonton! MBCT Google search MBCT Edmonton or go to:! mindfulness-based-mbct/ab/edmonton! MBSR The Mindfulness Institute (Edmonton) MBSR for professionals One day drop in classes for everyone! Note: Please exercise your own due-diligence in carefully investigating the sources on this page. Don Macdonald does not make any direct or implied endorsements of these individuals or institutions by their listing in this presentation. 9

10 Key Learnings:! Key Learning #1: Mindfulness-based stress reduction uses mindfulness meditation to help relieve stress in individuals and is secular, non-pathologizing, and transformative for patients and teachers.! Key Learning #2: : Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy uses mindfulness meditation and cognitive therapy to treat individuals with anxiety and depression.! Key Learning #3: Many more psychological therapy application of mindfulness meditation are being developed. Mindfulness-based eating awareness (MB-EAT)! Developed by Dr. Jean Kristeller, Professor emeritus of psychology, Indiana State University! Studied MBSR with Dr. Kabat-Zinn! Focus on eating disorders using mindfulness meditation! 10 week program, no particular diet, no foods off-limits.! Practices include: Awareness of hunger and what it feels like Awareness of what if feels like to be full Practice of slowing down and savoring the taste of food. 10

11 Mindfulness meditation changes our relationship to craving related to addictions. Dr. Ronald D. Siegel Other MB applications! Trauma- Sensitive Yoga Therapy Yoga for treating victims of trauma! Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT).! Radical Acceptance Acceptance means that you can turn your resistant ruminating into accepting thoughts like, I m in this situation. I don t approve of it. I don t think it s OK, but it is what it is, and I can t change that it happened.! Mindfulness Self-compassion (MSC)! Body-centered somatic (relating to the body) psychotherapy 11

12 Quick check: How much can you recall so far?! MBCT is designed to treat what? a) Anxiety and depression b) Suicidal tendencies c) Eating disorders d) Stress reduction Part 2: Hand s on practice body discomfort & pain management 12