Contents PART I. LEARNING ABOUT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Transcription

1 Contents Preface xvii Acknowledgments xix Introduction: Defining Rheumatoid Arthritis 1 PART I. LEARNING ABOUT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS Chapter 1. The Joints and Rheumatoid Arthritis 9 The Joints 9 Rigid joints 9 Slightly mobile joints 9 Freely movable joints 10 What are the parts of a synovial joint? 10 The Joints in RA 13 What is inflammation? 13 How is the inflammation of RA different from normal inflammation? 14 The stages of RA: How does inflammation affect the joints? 14 Summary 25 Chapter 2. The Course and Prognosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis The Course of RA 00 How does RA usually start? 00 What course of arthritis can I expect? 00 Can a remission be brought on with medications? 00 The Prognosis of RA 00 Can arthritis be cured? 00 Will additional joints become involved over time? 00 Will I become disabled? 00 Does RA shorten a person s life? 00 Summary Chapter 3. Diagnosing Rheumatoid Arthritis: Why So Many Tests? Clinical History 00 Physical Examination 00 Differential Diagnosis 00 What makes RA so difficult to diagnose? vii _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page vii 03/12/14

2 viii Diagnostic Tests 00 What tests are used to diagnose or monitor activity of RA? 00 What tests are used to rule out other types of arthritis? 00 What tests are used to screen for complications of RA or medication side effects? 00 Summary 00 Chapter 4. Outside the Joints: Other Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis Blood and Blood Vessels 00 How does RA affect the blood? 00 What about the blood vessels? 00 Eyes and Mouth 00 Nodules under the Skin 00 Nerves 00 Chest and Lungs 00 Vocal Cords 00 The Heart and Cardiovascular System 00 The Bones 00 Summary 00 PART II. COPING WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS Chapter 5. Lifestyle and Coping Strategies Creating a Lifestyle and Attitude Aimed at Wellness 00 Kick bad habits 00 Eat right 00 Get fit 00 Get sleep 00 Think prevention 00 Go simple 00 Don t sweat the big stuff 00 Be your own best friend 00 Developing Success- Driven Methods of Problem Solving 00 Define and assess the problem 00 Set realistic goals and expectations 00 Develop methods for problem solving and negotiating 00 Use all available resources 00 Modify negative thoughts and behaviors 00 Be willing to reassess _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page viii 03/12/14

3 ix Chapter 6. Coping with Pain and Fatigue Pain 00 What is pain? 00 Pain and your emotions 00 What is the pain message in RA? 00 Decreasing pain 00 Fatigue 00 Why am I so tired? 00 Controlling fatigue 00 Chapter 7. Coping with Emotions Yours and Everyone Else s Anger 00 Managing anger 00 Depression 00 Managing depression 00 Anxiety, Fear, and Stress 00 Anxiety 00 Fear 00 Stress 00 Relieving tension of anxiety, fear, and stress 00 Dealing with Friends and Family 00 Asking for help 00 The special case of children 00 Love and intimacy 00 Friends and relatives 00 PART III. EXERCISE AND REHABILITATION Chapter 8. Protecting Your Joints Joint Protection Guidelines 00 Protecting Specific Joints 00 Hands and wrists 00 Elbows and shoulders 00 Hips and knees 00 Ankles and feet _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page ix 03/12/14

4 x Chapter 9. Exercise and Rheumatoid Arthritis Trends in Therapeutic Advice 00 Types of Exercise 00 Range of motion 00 Strengthening 00 Aerobic 00 Starting an Exercise Program 00 Warm- up 00 Workout 00 Cool- down 00 Exercises That Are Right for You 00 For people with very inflamed joints 00 For people with moderately inflamed joints 00 For people with controlled joints 00 Mind- Body Exercises 00 Tai chi 00 Qi- gong 00 Yoga 00 Chapter 10. Specific Exercises Range- of- Motion and Strengthening Exercises 00 Neck range- of- motion exercises 00 Neck muscle- strengthening exercises 00 Shoulder range- of- motion exercises 00 Elbow range- of- motion exercises 00 Shoulder and elbow muscle- strengthening exercises 00 Wrist and finger range- of- motion exercises 00 Hip range- of- motion exercises 00 Knee range- of- motion exercises 00 Hip and knee muscle- strengthening exercises 00 Ankle range- of- motion exercises 00 Aerobic or Endurance Exercises 00 What is your target heart rate? 00 Taking your pulse 00 Beginning your aerobic exercise program 00 Guidelines for specific aerobic exercise _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page x 03/12/14

5 xi PART IV. MEDICATIONS Chapter 11. Medications Past, Present, Future The Past: The Conservative Approach 00 The Present: More Aggressive Approaches to Therapy 00 The Future 00 Current Treatments: NSAIDs, DMARDs, Biologics, Kinase Inhibitors and Corticosteroids 00 Chapter 12. Aspirin, Nonsteroidal Anti- inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), and COX- 2 Inhibitors Aspirin 00 Side effects of aspirin therapy 00 Cautionary notes 00 Traditional NSAIDs 00 Side effects of traditional NSAIDs 00 Cautionary notes 00 COX- 2 Inhibitors 00 Side effects of COX- 2 inhibitors 00 Cautionary notes 00 Stomach Medications Frequently Used with NSAIDs 00 Chapter 13. Disease- Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) Nonimmunosuppressant DMARDs 00 Immunosuppressants 00 Chapter 14. Biotherapies: Biologics, Kinase Inhibitors, and a Biologic Medical Device Understanding Cytokines and Inflammation 00 Using the body s secrets to tame inflammation: Balancing the cytokines 00 Redirecting the message makers: Calming the B cell and T cell 00 The Biologics: Practical Considerations 00 Subcutaneous injections: Can I give myself a shot? 00 Intravenous infusions: What to expect 00 Cost issues 00 Which biologic should I take? 00 Risk of infection: The most serious of biologic side effects _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page xi 03/12/14

6 xii Biologic Agents against Tumor Necrosis Factor: The TNF Blockers 00 Important safety information regarding TNF blockers 00 Biologic Agents against Interleukin- 1: The IL- 1 Blockers 00 Biologic Agents against Interleukin- 6: The IL- 6 Blockers 00 Biologic Agents that Affect the T Cell: The T Cell Modulators 00 Biologic Agents that Affect the B Cell: The B Cell Modulators 00 The Oral Biotherapies A Look inside the Immune Cell: The Kinase Inhibitors 00 A Biologic Medical Device for Protein A Immunoadsorption 00 Chapter 15. Corticosteroids Oral Corticosteroids 00 Side effects of oral corticosteroids 00 Cautionary notes 00 Intra- articular Corticosteroid Injections 00 What to do after a joint injection 00 Chapter 16. Osteoporosis Treatments Dietary and Life- Style Treatments 00 Medicinal Treatments 00 PART V. BEYOND MEDICATIONS: OTHER TREATMENTS Chapter 17. Alternative and Complementary Therapies Aromatherapy 00 Ayurveda 00 Oil pulling 00 Bodywork 00 Energy Work 00 Breathing Techniques, Breath Therapy, or Breathwork 00 Chinese Medicine 00 Acupuncture 00 Music and Sound Therapy 00 Other Mind- Body Therapies: Mindfulness and Others 00 Naturopathy 00 Spa Therapy, Hydrotherapy, and Balneotherapy 00 Homeopathy _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page xii 03/12/14

7 xiii Guidelines for Evaluating Unproven Treatments 00 Chapter 18. Nutrition: Diets, Nutrients, and Nutritional Supplements Nutrition and RA 00 The Importance of Weight Management in RA 00 Specific Food Groups and RA 00 Fats and oils 00 Sugar 00 Bread, cereals, rice, and pasta 00 Fermented foods 00 Vegetables 00 Fruits 00 Meat, poultry, fish, and eggs 00 Legumes 00 Nuts and seeds 00 Milk, yogurt, and cheese 00 Special Diets 00 Elimination diets 00 Fasting 00 Vegetarian diets 00 Gluten- free diet 00 Mediterranean diet 00 Ancestral diets 00 Recommendations 00 A Word on Nutritional Supplements 00 Guidelines for evaluating nutritional supplements 00 Vitamins and Minerals 00 Vitamins 00 Minerals 00 Herbs and Plant- Based Medicine 00 Other Supplements 00 Antioxidants 00 Glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate 00 Fish oil and essential fatty acids: EPA, DHA, ALA, and GLA 00 Probiotics, prebiotics, and fiber supplements 00 Recommendations regarding specific supplements _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page xiii 03/12/14

8 xiv Chapter 19. Surgery for Rheumatoid Arthritis Surgeons Specializing in the Treatment of RA 00 Types of Surgery 00 Arthroscopic surgery 00 Synovectomy 00 Tendon reconstruction or transfer 00 Joint fusion 00 Osteotomy and bone resection 00 Joint replacement 00 Preparing for and Recovering from Surgery 00 Before surgery 00 During your recovery 00 PART VI. PRACTICAL MATTERS Chapter 20. Disability Benefits, Insurance, and Other Financial Matters Disability Benefits 00 Commercial and employment disability programs 00 State disability policies 00 Social Security disability benefits 00 Vocational rehabilitation benefits 00 Health Insurance 00 Private health insurance 00 COBRA 00 Government health insurance 00 Veterans Administration Benefits 00 Income Taxes 00 Financial Help for RA Treatment 00 Chapter 21. Other Issues Surfing the Net: Empowerment or Deception? 00 Clinical Research 00 What is clinical research? 00 How do clinical studies operate? 00 Should I participate in a clinical trial? _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page xiv 03/12/14

9 xv Travel Tips 00 Medical tips for travelers 00 Driving tips 00 When traveling by air 00 Pregnancy and Childbirth 00 Can I become pregnant? 00 How will pregnancy affect my RA? 00 How will my RA affect my unborn child? 00 Can I breastfeed my infant? 00 Will my child have RA? 00 Will I be able to care for my baby? 00 Immunization for the Person with RA 00 Should I get a yearly flu shot? 00 Are there other vaccinations that I may need to get? 00 Closing Thoughts Glossary 00 Bibliography 00 Index _Shlotzhauer_Arthritis_int_1pgs page xv 03/12/14