High School Biology - Problem Drill 20: Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems

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1 High School Biology - Problem Drill 20: Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems Question No. 1 of 10 Which of the following about the skeletal system is true? Question #01 A. There are two types of skeletal systems: external and axial. B. There are two types of skeletal systems: axial and internal. C. Exoskeletons are associated with mollusks, insects, spiders and crustaceans. D. Exoskeletons are associated with mollusks, insects, spiders and humans. E. Connective tissue has a small amount of extracellular matrix and often serves to support, bind together, and protect organs. There are two types of skeletal systems: external (exoskeleton) and internal (endoskeleton). There are two types of skeletal systems: external (exoskeleton) and internal (endoskeleton). C. Correct! Exoskeletons are associated with mollusks, insects, spiders and crustaceans. Exoskeletons are associated with mollusks, insects, spiders and crustaceans. Connective tissue has an extensive extracellular matrix and often serves to support, bind together, and protect organs. There are two types of skeletal systems: external (exoskeleton) and internal (endoskeleton). Exoskeletons are associated with mollusks, insects, spiders and crustaceans. Humans have an internal skeletal system made up of bones held together by cartilage. The skeletal system is composed of bones. Most of the bones are internally linked. The function of the skeletal system is to support the body, used in movement and to store minerals. It is also the site of Haematopoiesis: producing blood and immune cells.

2 Question No. 2 of 10 Which of the following statements about the skeleton is correct? Question #02 A. The axial skeleton includes the skull, bones of the middle ear, spine and chest. B. The axial skeleton includes the skull, bones of the middle ear, arms and legs. C. The human skeleton can be divided into axial and mobile regions. D. The bones of the chest include the ribs and carpals. E. The patella bone is part of the axial skeleton. A. Correct! The axial skeleton includes the skull, bones of the middle ear, spine and chest. The axial skeleton includes the skull, bones of the middle ear, spine and chest. The human skeleton can be divided into axial and appendicular regions. The bones of the chest include the ribs and sternum. The patella bone is part of the appendicular skeleton. The human skeleton can be divided into axial and appendicular regions. The appendicular region mostly includes the body s appendages, e.g. shoulder, arms, hands, pelvis, legs and feet. The axial skeleton includes the skull, bones of the middle ear, spine and chest. Some of the major bones are: Ribs, Sternum (chest), Pelvis (hip), Phalanges (toes & fingers), Vertebral Column (spinal cord), Tarsals (ankle), Patella (knee), and the Carpals (wrist).

3 Question No. 3 of 10 Which of the following statements about bones is true? Question #03 A. Bone marrow produces new blood and immune cells for the body. B. Bone marrow provides strength for the bone itself. C. Compact bone contains a supportive meshwork of proteins. D. Osteoclast is a kind of bone cell that lies down or builds new bone. E. Osteoclast is a kind of bone cell that works with osteoblast cells to reshape cartilage. A. Correct! Bone marrow produces new blood and immune cells for the body. Bone marrow produces new blood and immune cells for the body. Compact bone contains blood vessels that deliver oxygen and nutrients to the bone. Osteoclast is a kind of bone cell that removes bone tissue in a process known as bone resorption. Osteoclast is a kind of bone cell that removes bone tissue in a process known as bone resorption. A bone is a matrix of cells, proteins, and calcium. Spongy bone contains a supportive meshwork of proteins. Bone marrow produces new blood and immune cells for the body. Compact bone contains blood vessels that deliver oxygen and nutrients to the bone. The outer periosteum is the hardest layer. Osteoclast is a kind of bone cell that removes bone tissue in a process known as bone resorption. Osteoblasts control the amount of bone resorbed. Osteoblasts form bone.

4 Question No. 4 of 10 Which of the following statements about joints of the body are true? Question #04 A. Immovable or fibrous joints (such as sutures in the skull) allow movement as they are separated. B. Immovable or fibrous joints (such as sutures in the skull) do not allow movement because they are fused. C. Freely movable or synovial joints include: shoulder, hip, and bones of the skull. D. Freely movable or synovial joints include: shoulder, hip, and vertebra in the spinal column. E. All joints in the body allow movement. Immovable or fibrous joints (such as sutures in the skull) do not allow movement because they are fused. B. Correct! Immovable or fibrous joints (such as sutures in the skull) do not allow movement because they are fused. Freely movable or synovial joints include: shoulder, hip, elbow and knee. Freely movable or synovial joints include: shoulder, hip, elbow and knee. All joints allow movement except immovable fused joints in the skull. Bones are connected by joints. Joints are both strong and flexible. Immovable or fibrous joints (such as sutures in the skull) do not allow movement because they are fused. Freely movable or synovial joints include: shoulder, hip, and bones of the skull.

5 Question No. 5 of 10 Which of the following statements about muscle fibers is true? Question #05 A. Smooth muscle is not striated, consists of actin and myosin, and powers involuntary movements of the viscera. B. Smooth muscle is striated, consists of actin and myosin, and powers involuntary movements of the viscera. C. Cardiac muscle is striated muscle found only in the heart. The cells are usually connected to each other by intercalated disks and under voluntary control. D. Cardiac muscle is non-striated muscle found only in the heart. The cells are usually connected to each other by intercalated disks. E. There are two types of muscle fibers: skeletal and cardiac. A. Correct! Smooth muscle is not striated, consists of actin and myosin, and powers involuntary movements of the viscera. Smooth muscle is not striated, consists of actin and myosin, and powers involuntary movements of the viscera. Cardiac muscle is striated muscle found only in the heart. The cells are usually connected to each other by intercalated disks. Cardiac muscle is striated muscle found only in the heart. The cells are usually connected to each other by intercalated disks. There are three types of muscle fibers: skeletal, smooth and cardiac. There are three types of muscle fibers: smooth, skeletal and cardiac. Smooth muscle is not striated, consists of actin and myosin, and powers involuntary movements of the viscera. Skeletal muscle is striated and usually attached to the skeleton. They create movement by applying force to bones and joints by contracting and relaxing. Cardiac muscle is striated muscle found only in the heart. The cells are usually connected to each other by intercalated disks.

6 Question No. 6 of 10 Which of the following statements about the neuromuscular junction is true? Question #06 A. The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the region responsible for starting an action potential across the neurons in the human body. B. The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the region responsible for starting an action potential across the muscle s surface, resulting in contraction. C. The presynaptic terminal is part of the muscle fiber in a neuromuscular junction. D. The presynaptic terminal is a specialized dendrite that delivers the action potential to the neuromuscular junction. E. The sarcolemma is a membrane that surrounds the axon of the presynaptic terminal. The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the region responsible for starting an action potential across the muscle s surface, resulting in contraction. B. Correct! The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the region responsible for starting an action potential across the muscle s surface, resulting in contraction. The presynaptic terminal delivers the action potential to the neuromuscular junction. The presynaptic terminal delivers the action potential to the neuromuscular junction. The sarcolemma is a membrane that surrounds the muscle cell. Muscle fibers are multinucleated. The cell is made up of myofibrils. The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the region responsible for starting an action potential across the muscle s surface, resulting in contraction. The presynaptic terminal delivers the action potential to the neuromuscular junction. The sarcolemma is a membrane that surrounds the muscle cell.

7 Question No. 7 of 10 Which of the following statements about muscle contraction is true? Question #07 A. Thin filaments are made of myosin proteins, and thick filaments are made of actin proteins. B. Thin filaments are made of actin proteins, and thick filaments are made of sarcomeres. C. Muscles contract when the thin filaments slide over the thick filaments, decreasing the length of the muscle fiber. D. Muscles contract when the thin filaments slide over the thick filaments, increasing the length of the muscle fiber. E. All muscular contraction is under voluntary control. Thin filaments are made of actin proteins, and thick filaments are made of myosin proteins. Thin filaments are made of actin proteins, and thick filaments are made of myosin proteins. C. Correct! Muscles contract when the thin filaments slide over the thick filaments, decreasing the length of the muscle fiber. Muscles contract when the thin filaments slide over the thick filaments, decreasing the length of the muscle fiber. Muscular contraction can be under voluntary control (skeletal muscle) or involuntary control (smooth and cardiac muscle). Muscles move the skeleton and control organs by contraction, the shortening of the muscle. Thin filaments are made of actin proteins, and thick filaments are made of myosin proteins. Muscular contraction can be under voluntary control (skeletal muscle) or involuntary control (smooth and cardiac muscle).

8 Question No. 8 of 10 Which of the following statements about the integumentary system is true? Question #08 A. The integumentary system includes the: skin, arm muscles, nails, and sweat glands. B. The integumentary system includes the: skin, hair, nails, and underlying muscle. C. The integumentary system acts as a semi-permeable barrier, allowing water and electrolytes to enter the body. D. The integumentary system protects deep tissues and excretes wastes and excess glucose and proteins. E. The skin is involved in Vitamin D production. The integumentary system includes the: skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands. The integumentary system includes the: skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands. The integumentary system acts as a waterproof barrier and cushion. It protects deep tissues and excretes wastes and regulates temperature. The integumentary system acts as a waterproof barrier and cushion. It protects deep tissues and excretes wastes and regulates temperature. E. Correct! The skin is involved in Vitamin D production. The integumentary system is the outside covering of the body. The integumentary system includes the: skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands. The integumentary system acts as a waterproof barrier and cushion. It protects deep tissues and excretes wastes and regulates temperature. The skin is involved in Vitamin D production, protects against dehydration, maintains body temperature and protects against infection.

9 Question No. 9 of 10 Which of the following statements about the structure of the skin is true? Question #09 A. The skin is made up of three layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. B. The skin is made up of three layers: epidermis, dermis and underlying muscle. C. The dermis contains blood vessels, stratum corneum, sensory receptors, and sweat glands. D. The dermis contains blood vessels, stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, and sweat glands. E. The epidermis is the middle layer of skin and has 5 sublayers or stratums. A. Correct! The skin is made up of three layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The skin is made up of three layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The dermis contains blood vessels, smooth muscle, sensory receptors, and sweat glands. The dermis contains blood vessels, smooth muscle, sensory receptors, and sweat glands. The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin and has 5 sublayers or stratums. The skin is composed of the epidermis (keratinocytes, basal cells and melanocytes) and the dermis (which contains elastic and collagen fibers, as well as capillary networks and nerve endings). The skin is made up of three layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The epidermis: protective layer of dead cells. The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin and has 5 sublayers or stratums. The dermis contains blood vessels, smooth muscle, sensory receptors, and sweat glands. The hypodermis/subcutaneous layer: layer of fat to insulate the body.

10 Question No. 10 of 10 Which of the following statements about hair and nails is true? Question #10 A. Hair grows from hair follicles and, as it grows, it dies and gets filled with stratum corneum, a tough, fiber-like protein. B. Hair grows from hair follicles and, as it grows, it dies and gets filled with keratin, a tough, fiber-like protein. C. Hair provides cosmetic appearance but has no functional biological role. D. Nails are filled with keratin and are made up of: a nail plate, and eponychium. E. Nails are filled with isokeratin and are made up of: a nail plate and nail groove. Hair grows from hair follicles and, as it grows, it dies and gets filled with keratin, a tough, fiber-like protein. B. Correct! Hair grows from hair follicles and, as it grows, it dies and gets filled with keratin, a tough, fiber-like protein. Hair protects the body from dirt and moisture, such as the hair in the nostrils, ears, eyebrows, and eyelashes. Nails are filled with keratin and are made up of: a nail plate, nail groove, lunula and eponychium. Nails are filled with keratin and are made up of: a nail plate, nail groove, lunula and eponychium. Hair grows from hair follicles and, as it grows, it dies and gets filled with keratin, a tough, fiber-like protein. Hair protects the body from dirt and moisture, such as the hair in the nostrils, ears, eyebrows, and eyelashes. Nails are filled with keratin and are made up of: a nail plate, nail groove, lunula and eponychium.