Function scale extracted. Pain scale extracted. % with OA. NR VAS SF-36 i: 12 ii: 12

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1 Appendix 2: Characteristics of RCTs included in the network meta-analsis of exercise interventions for lower limb [posted as supplied b author] Setting Countr Joint Knee Aglamis State Hospital Aoki Outpatient Baker Bautch & Clinic Bennell Bennell Pain Turke Knee Clinical NR VAS SF-36 i: 12 Japan Knee X-ra All VAS NR Not (19) All WOMAC WOMAC i: 16 ii: 16 (23) Knee Clinical Knee Clinical All VAS NR i: 12 All WOMAC WOMAC I: 12 ii: 24 All WOMAC WOMAC I: 12 Ii: 13 Borjesson Clinic Sweden Knee X-ra All Pain during NR i: walking ii: 5 Brismee All WOMAC WOMAC i: ii: 15 Chaipino Thailand Knee Clinical All KOOS KOOS i: ii: 4 Dias Geriatric outpatient Ettinger Farr Brasil Knee Clinical All Not Lequesne index Knee X-ra All Knee pain intensit Fransen Clinic Knee Clinical Self-report phsical disabilit i: 6 i: 78 ii: 78 All WOMAC NR i: 39 ii: 39 All WOMAC WOMAC Tpe of intervention (sample size at randomisation) & intensit: no. (67) (44) (34) (19) F (24) home onl: 5/wk (25) (149) (98) (43), F, (home onl, dail) S (23), 3wk: 1wk: 1/wk 12 wk: 1/2wk F+A, (73), 4wks: 1/wk 8wks: 1/2wk S (45), 5wk: 1/wk 7 wk: 1/2wk, (34) (22), 6wk: S (24), home onl: 5/wk (25), 2x ex & 3x walking /wk A (144), 3 months: onl (95), Individual (43+19), variable S (146), 3 months: & control (100) Group S+F+A (40 +19),

2 Setting Countr Joint Pain Gur Not Turke Knee Clinical All VAS Sum of 5 VAS Halbert Knee Clinical All WOMAC WOMAC i: Ha GP UK Knee Clinical NR WOMAC WOMAC i: 10 Huang Orthopaedi Taiwan Knee Clinical All VAS Lequesne c index Huang Hospital Taiwan Knee Clinical All VAS Lesquesne index Hurle UK Knee Previousl diagnose d All WOMAC WOMAC i: 6 Keefe All AIMS NR i: & Clinic Kovar All AIMS AIMS & Hospital Lee Health Republic Knee X-ra All WOMAC WOMAC care centre of Korea Lim Clinic Seoul Knee X-ra All BPI WOMAC Korea Lin Clinic Taiwan Knee Clinical All WOMAC WOMAC Lund Denmark Knee Clinical All KOOS KOOS & Clinic McCarth Clinics & GP Messier UK Knee Clinical All WOMAC WOMAC Knee X-ra All WOMAC WOMAC i: 78 ii: 78 Tpe of intervention (sample size at randomisation) & intensit: no. Concentric S Eccentric S (6) (9), (8), A (37), 3x in 6 (32) months (109), (108) 3 6x in 10 wk S (33), (33) S (30), (30) (146), (140) (18) (50) (15) (24) (36) (27) (103), 3x in 8wk (78) (16), (52), (29), S+A (26), (25), F (36), S (36), (27), (111), S+A (80), 4 months:, (25)

3 Setting Countr Joint Mikesk General A large General O Reill practice Peloquin Quilt communit cohort stud Rogind Practice Salli Clinic Turke Knee Clinical Pain All WOMAC WOMAC i: 52 ii: 130 UK Knee Not NR WOMAC WOMAC i: 12 Canada Knee Clinical All AIMS2 NR i: 12 UK Knee X-ra All VAS WOMAC i: 10 Denmark Knee X-ra All 11-point pain Schilke Clinic Knee No Silva Outpatient Talbot Thomas General Practice Brazil Knee Clinical Not i: 13 All VAS WOMAC - phsical functioning All SIS SIS sub pain All VAS NR i: 18 ii: 18 Knee X-ra All Pain rating index NR i: 12 ii: 24 UK Knee Not NR WOMAC WOMAC i: 104 ii: 104 Thorstensen Clinic Sweden Knee Clinical Topp Wang Clinic All KOOS KOOS i: 6 All WOMAC WOMAC i:16 ii: 16 All WOMAC WOMAC i: 12 ii: 48 Tpe of intervention (sample size at randomisation) & intensit: no. S (113), F (108), month 1 month 1 3: 3:,, month 4 month decreasing decreasin intensit g intensit S (113), 4x (78) over 3 months (59), (65) (43) (13) (24) (10) (32),3/w k (78) (31) (20) S (44), 1/wk (12), 3 months: S (23), S (10), (32), A, 1/wk F+A (235), 4x in 2 months + 6x monthl S+A (30), S (32), Tai Chi: (20),

4 Setting Countr Joint Pain Wang 2011 Taiwan Knee Clinical All KOOS NR i: Weng Not Taiwan Knee Clinical All VAS Lequesne described index Yennan Out-patient department Williamson Waiting list for knee replacement Stener- Victorin Tak UK Knee Clinical All VAS Oxford Knee score i: 6 Thailand Knee Clinical All WOMAC WOMAC i: 6 Clinic Sweden X-ra All VAS NR i: 5 Lower limb, mixed groups Cochrane & GP Fole & Gill Surger waiting list Fransen Hale Hartman & Clinic Hinman The Netherlands UK New Zealand Clinical Nr VAS NR ii: 21 Knee, hip, ankle, foot GP All WOMAC WOMAC i: 52 Ii: 78 X-Ra All WOMAC WOMAC i: 6 Not 80% WOMAC WOMAC i: 6 ii: 15 Clinical NR WOMAC WOMAC i: 12 Clinical NR WOMAC WOMAC i: 12 Clinical All AIMS NR i: 12 Clinical All WOMAC WOMAC i: 6 Tpe of intervention (sample size at randomisation) & intensit: no. F+A F+A (28), (28) (28), S (33), (33), (33) S (60), 1/wk (61) F (25), freq. not (15) (54) (159) Aquatic : (42), (41) (16) (16) F (25), 1/wk (15), S+A (55), 1/wk Aquatic (153), 2 Aquatic, (40), S (55), Aquatic F+A (23), (19), S (36), S, (56),

5 Hopman- Rock Hughes dwelling older adults Setting Countr Joint The Netherland s Minor Clinic Knee, , Foot (n=80) Patrick Ravaud Rheumatol og s Van Baar General Practice Wang Clinical Pain All VAS NR i: 6 Clinical All WOMAC pain WOMAC function GP or rheumato logist 67% (33% RA) AIMS NR i: 12 Unclear Clinical All HAQ-pain NR i: 20 France Knee and Clinical All VAS WOMAC i: 26 The Clinical All VAS Observed i: 12 Netherlands function ii: 36 None defined All VAS HAQ i: 12 Tpe of intervention (sample size at randomisation) & intensit: no. S (60), 1/wk (60) (100) (32), (124) (760) (102) (21) (115), (36), (125), home onl (735), 4/wk (99), 1 (21), (47), NR=not, A: Aerobic, AIMS: Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales, BPI: Brief Pain Inventor, F: Flexibilit, GP: General Practitioner, HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire, KOOS: Knee injur and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, : not applicable, : OsteoAthritis, SIS: OsteoArthritis Service Integration Sstem, S: Strengthening, SF-36: Short Form (36), WOMAC: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), VAS: Visual Analogue Scale