educating people and transforming lives worldwide

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1 Takingaction, educating people and transforming lives worldwide COPD elearning Diploma (Level 5) Module 2012

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3 CONTENTS PAGE UNIT 1: WRITING FOR SUCCESS Writing for Success 2 UNIT 2: INTRODUCTION TO COPD 2.1 The Forgotten Condition Defining COPD The Clinical Features of COPD Prevalence The Impact of COPD Late Presentation, Variable Prognosis And Mortality Prevention And Screening The Role Of The Health Professional The Clinical Picture Summary 15 UNIT 3: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 3.1 Introduction Asthma Smoking Mucus Production And Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema Disease Progression Respiratory Failure Cor Pulmonale End Stage Lung Disease Differential Diagnoses Co-morbidities Summary 36 UNIT 4: ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS 4.1 Introduction Taking A History Other Issues To Consider Within The History Pulmonary Function Testing Reversibility In COPD Assessing The Impact Of COPD Summary 59 UNIT 5: PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF STABLE COPD 5.1 Asthma With COPD Ensuring Maximum Bronchodilation Drug Treatment Strategy Beta2 Agonist Bronchodilators Anticholinergic Bronchodilators Combination Bronchodilators Oral Theophylline Corticosteroid Therapy In COPD Long Acting Beta2 Agonists And Inhaled Steroids (Combined) Mucolytics Inhaler Devices High Dose Bronchodilator Therapy Nebulisers Oxygen Therapy Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) Flu And Pneumococcal Vaccination End Stage Disease Summary 85 UNIT 6: NON PHARMALOGICAL TREATMENT OF STABLE COPD 6.1 Introduction Smoking Pulmonary Rehabilitation Nutrition Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Surgical Techniques Summary 105 UNIT 7: EXACERBATIONS ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT 7.1 Definition And Clauses Symptoms And Assessment Drug Treatment Respiratory Failure And Ventilation Summary 119 UNIT 8: LIVING WITH COPD 8.1 Introduction Self Management Of COPD Understanding And Influencing Behaviour Change Understanding Patients Beliefs And Attitudes Care Planning Health Models Communication Difficult To Manage Situations Summary 127 UNIT 9: END OF LIFE AND PALLIATIVE CARE 9.1 Palliative Care What Is Palliative Care And End Of Life Care How Do COPD Patients Die? Estimating A Patient s Prognosis Why Is Support Inadequate Team Approach To Palliative And End Of Life Care Care Pathway For The Palliative Care And Last Days Of Life Supporting Patients And Their Carers Symptom Control In End Stage COPD Psychosocial And Practical Care In End Stage Disease Summary 140 UNIT 10: ORGANISATION OF CARE FOR COPD 10.1 Organisation of Care Service Delivery Partnership Working Self-Assessment Summary 147 ASSESSMENT AND SUPPORT INFORMATION Assessment 148 Study Days 149

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5 INTRODUCTION This booklet has been designed to provide you with supporting materials that can be used alongside your elearning course. It is a collection of the printable sections of your elearning, all brought together for your convenience. Everything included within this booklet can be found in your elearning course material, but we understand that some students prefer to also have paper-based versions for reference or annotation, and this booklet has been designed with you in mind. In order to get the most from this course, it is important that you make use of the multimedia experience that elearning provides, and within this booklet you will find references to the online course reminding you to complete the assessment sections. When you see this symbol you will need to return to the online course and complete the relevant exercises. Your elearning is part of a dynamic website and the information on it has been tailored specifically to you, so remember to keep checking back for announcements, assessment information and deadlines, as not all of this will be covered within this booklet. Please also remember that whilst your elearning materials will always be up to date this booklet is current at the time of going to print. We wish you the best and remember if you have any queries regarding the course, please do not hesitate to get in touch with one of our Education Co-ordinators on

6 YOUR ASSIGNMENT While studying this module you will need to produce a written assignment or essay as part of your assessment. If you are worried about writing essays, don t be. The rules are quite clear and there is plenty of support available. The most important thing is not to struggle alone but to ask for help when you need it. This unit provides some simple tips and advice for producing academic essays and the opportunity to practice some of the key skills involved in writing effectively for diploma level. It draws on the information contained in the student guide and you will find it useful to refer to this whilst completing this unit and when writing your assignments. Included in your learning materials in the section on assessment you will find a guide to the overall criteria by which your mark will be assessed and a copy of the marking grid which shows you how marks are allocated for any of your written work that you hand in for assessment. This grid is designed to enable markers to give a mark which accurately reflects the quality of your academic writing. It is important to refer to this grid when writing your assignments and the exercises included in this unit are designed to help you understand what is needed in relation to the different elements in the grid. WRITING FOR SUCCESS For this section of the course you will need to be logged onto the portal and work through each unit. 1.LEARNING OUTCOMES Studying the information in the student guide and completing this unit will enable you to: Structure your ideas in a logical manner Identify what is required for a clear introductory paragraph Identify what is required to formulate a clear conclusion Understand the reasons for using references Identify circumstances that may lead to plagiarism Cite references clearly and accurately in the body of your essay and in a reference list at the end Recognise an appropriate style for academic writing Demonstrate the difference between descriptive writing and analytical writing Recognise the factors that markers are looking for when awarding marks These are: Organisation and presentation Knowledge and comprehension Application and reflection Analysis and synthesis Evaluation and conclusion 2