Should We Care How Long to Publish? Investigating the Correlation between Publishing Delay and Journal Impact Factor 1

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1 Should We Care How Log to Publish? Ivestigatig the Correlatio betwee Publishig Delay ad Joural Impact Factor 1 Jie Xu 1, Jiayu Wag 1, Yuaxiag Zeg 2 1 School of Iformatio Maagemet, Wuha Uiversity, Hubei, Wuha , Chia; xuj@whu.edu.c 2 The College of Literature ad Jouralism of Sichua Uiversity, Sichua , Chia; zegyuaxiag@scu.edu.c Abstract.This poster presets a research that examies the correlatio betwee publishig delay ad impact factor of academic jourals.data of 9,028 articles i 91 library ad iformatio scieces (LIS) ad biology jourals were collected from WoS Joural Citatio Report (JCR 2016), ad the aalyzed ad compared. The data aalysis shows that LIS jourals have greater publishig delay tha biology jourals. The study result shows that there is o correlatio betwee publishig delay ad joural impact factor, although, a small egative correlatiofor biology jourals ad a small positive correlatio for iformatio sciece jourals ca be see. Keywords:Publishig Delay, Joural Impact Factors, Peer-reviewed Jourals, Scholarly Commuicatio 1 Itroductio Publishig delay was defied as the time period betwee submissio ad publicatio of a article for a scietific joural[1]. It is commo for authors to wait for several moths before their works get formally published because all submissios eed to be peer-reviewed ad there is always delay caused by editorial works. Occasioally, some articles that had extesive rewrites ad secod peer review before beig published. Sometimes the waitig time ca be loger tha a year or eve two years. Researchers are becomig icreasigly frustrated by the time it takes to publish a paper. The legth of the delay depeds o the review ad publishig cultures that have evolved i differet disciplies[2]. I additio to discipliary differeces, some data suggested that there are relatios betwee joural impact factors ad publishig delay [3, 4, 5]. The research reported here has bee fuded by the Publishig Research Cosortium, the Natioal Social Sciece Foudatio of Chia, No. 15CTQ026.

2 2 This poster reports o a study that examies the relatioship betwee publishig delay ad impact factor of academic jourals, as well as to ivestigate the discipliary differece i publishig delay. 2 Literature Review A large-scale survey carried out by Nature Publishig Group(NPG) showed that the publishig delay has bee icreasig i the past decade ad most researchers felt frustrated over the log time it took jourals to publish a paper[5].by studyig more tha 300 Korea medical jourals, Li ad Kim[6]foud that the total publicatio delay was days. Some authors reported that peer review process affected the publicatio delay observably[1]ad the publishig busiess model ca be a factor as well[7]. Because the competitio is becomig fierce ad publishig i prestigious jourals ca be required for career advacemet, may works have bee doe to explore the relatioship betwee publishig delay ad joural impact factor.a aalysis ofpub- Med papers published i 2013 suggests that jourals with the lowest ad highest impact factors have the logest review times[3]. However, a study o social sciece jourals suggested that the joural with the loger publicatio delay ted to have lower impact factor[8]. I the iter-citatio joural group, a jourals publishig delay icreased would lead to all jourals impact factors decreased ad the rakig of jourals may be chaged[3]. Furthermore, discipliary differece has bee idetified ad cofirmed as a factor which iflueces publishig delay. The existig works report that jourals i busiess study cost the logest of 18 moths to publish researches, which is twice as the chemistry[2]. Based o previous studies, the followig research questios have bee formulated: (1) Is there ay discipliary differece i publishig delay? (2) Is there correlatio betwee publishig delay ad impact factor of a joural? 3 Methods Accordig to the above, we put forward two hypotheses: H1. Jourals i differet disciplies have differet publicatio delay; H2. There is correlatio betwee publishig delay ad impact factor of a joural. I order to test the hypotheses, quatifiable idicators must be applied. There are a umber of possible sources of iformatio about publicatio delays. Oe optio is to gather article data about submissio ad acceptace dates which is ofte published idividually i each article or o the articles face page o the publisher s website. This is a very labour-itesive process but provides precise statistics for the articles sampled[2]. So we adopted this approach. The source database was the Web of Sciece, which cotais iformatio about 11,000 scholarly jourals, icludig the yearly article ad joural impact factor scores. Jourals from LIS ad biology were selected as samples for comparig. There are two reasos why we chose these two disciplies to study. Firstly, they are compa-

3 3 rable i umbers i the source database: 84 LIS jourals ad 85 biology jourals that were idexed i JCR i Secodly, they belog to social sciece ad sciece study area respectively. By checkig article s face page of each joural, we idetified that 34 LIS jourals ad 57 biology jourals have the records of article-received date. So there were 91 (=34+57) jourals i total for our study. The jourals impact factors were compared ad show i Figure 1. Fig. 1 Joural Impact Factor Differece betwee Two Disciplies Source: Jourals Citatio Reports (2016). Accordig to the defiitio ad previous works [3,4,5] the publishig delay for a paper (PDP) ca be formulated by olie publishig data (OPD) ad paper received date (PRD), as equatio (1) shows: PDP OPD- PRD (1) The, the joural publishig delay (JPD) ca be represeted by the mea value of all papers publishig delays i a certai time period (2016), as equatio (2) shows: xk k JPD 1 I the ed, correlatio aalysis was doe to explore the relatios betwee joural publishig delay ad its impact factor. Pearso Correlatio Coefficiet was used to test the sigificace of the correlatio as equatio (3) shows. ( x x)( y y) i i r (3) 2 2 ( xi x) ( yi y) (2)

4 4 4 Results Based o data aalysis above, the average publishig delay of idividual joural was preseted (See Table 1 ad Figure 2). As we ca see, there is a obvious differece betwee the two disciplies over publishig delay, so hypotheses 1 passes the test. LIS jourals have greater publishig delay tha biology jourals. The mea delay i LIS was days ad the media reached up to 300 days. It suggested that scholars i LIS areas have to wait for more tha a year to see their paper published. For scholarly commuicatio, such a log publishig delay is uacceptable. I biology field, the situatio seemed better. Its mea delay was days ad the media was oly 57 days. Eve so, such a log waitig period could frustrate biologists. Meawhile, we see theextremely wide differeces betwee the mea ad media i both disciplies. Our study showed that a few jourals that are drivig the differece. I LIS area, there are a total of 8 jourals with over 360 days of publishig delay, the logest delay is 979 days o average for a joural. O the cotrary, i biology area, a total of 8 jourals whose publishig delay are less tha 90 days. Table 1.Compare of Publishig Delay betwee Biology ad LIS Jourals(2016) Disciplie Number Number Average Delay(days) Max Delay Mi Delay of Jourals of Papers Mea Media (days) (days) LIS Biology Figure2. Scatter Diagrams of Average Publishig Delay i Biology ad LIS Note: Each dot represets a sigle joural. Y-axis represets days of publishig delay ad Y-axis represets joural impact factors. Accordig to the test of sigificace of correlatio (see Table 2), i both biology ad LIS areas, o liear correlatio betwee jourals impact factor ad publishig delay. So the hypothesis 2 has bee rejected ad the coclusios from previous works caot be cofirmed by our study. However, the results exhibit a small egative correlatio (-0.25) for biology jourals ad a small positive correlatio (+0.3) for iformatio sciece jourals. Although the sigificace values (about 0.06 ad 0.09) are ot that great to falsify the hypothesis completely, the opposite directios of biology ad iformatio sciece jourals ca be see. We presume that is because

5 5 of the discipliary differece, amely the biology disciplie s requiremet of timeefficiecy i scholarly commuicatio is higher tha LIS disciplie, which makes the good jourals are of short paper waitig time. Moreover, i our sample, there are more OA jourals i biology area(13 out of 57,23%) tha i LIS area(3 out of 34, 9%). There are more good quality OA publicatios i biology might be aother reaso why the correlatio is slightly positive. But more evidece eeds to be provided i further study. Table 2.The Sigificace Test of Correlatio Biology LIS Average Delay r p r p Mea Media Coclusios ad discussios The results of our study suggested that the discipliary differece is obvious i publishig delay but there is o sigificat correlatio betwee publishig delay ad joural impact factor. However, our research has its limitatios. For istace, oly two disciplies have bee tested ad the umber of resource database eed to be expaded. I practice, the relatio betwee publishig delay ad joural impact factor might be more complex. Publishig model, peer review method, reputatio of the joural, ad editorial delay ca ifluece publishig delay ad iduce joural impact factor chages. Additioally, publishig delay may probably ifluece the latest scholarly commuicatio ad that may slow dow the pace of scietific research progress. So i future, more research should be doe to ivestigate the relatios ad correlatios amog specific academic publishig processes, scholarly commuicatio adjoural impact factors. Referece 1.M. Luwel, F.:Publicatio delays i the sciece field ad their relatioship to the ageig of scietific literature,scietometrics41(1-2), (1997). 2.Björk, B. C., F.:The publishig delay i scholarly peer-reviewed jourals. Joural of Iformetrics7(4), (2013). 3.Yu, G., Guo, F.:The ifluece of the publicatio delay o joural rakigs accordig to the impact factor. Scietometrics 67(2), (2006). 4.Tort, A. B., F.:Risig publicatio delays iflate joural impact factors. PLoS Oe 7(12), e53374(2012). 5. Nature ews future, Lee, Y., Kim, K., F.:Publicatio Delay of Korea Medical Jourals. Joural of Korea medical sciece 32(8), (2017). 7.Yu, G., F.:The ifluece of publicatio delays o impact factors. Scietometrics 64(2), (2005) 8.K.C.Garg, F.: Publicatio delay of mauscripts i periodicals, CURRENT SCIENCE111(12), 1924(2016).

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