Autism??? Autism is complex disorder of brain development: Difficulties in. Repetitive behaviors Fixed Routines Short attention span 3

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2 Autism??? Autism is complex disorder of brain development: Difficulties in Social Interaction Verbal and Non verbal communication In sharing Attending to some tasks Repetitive behaviors Fixed Routines Short attention span 3

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4 Different Technologies used for Autism Therapy 1. Virtual Reality applications or environment 2. Dedicated applications or Interactive environment 3. Telehealth systems or telerehablitation systems 4. Robots or avatars 5

5 Why Robots? Autistic children appeared more comfortable in interacting with a robot than human Robots can be easily modified or programmed to meet the Child s need depending on his response and are also great tool for diagnosis and feedback for the Autistic Children There are many different types of robots being used for the Autism therapy, our focus is on humanoid robots Autistic children are more comfortable around robots as they have less emotions as compared to humans 6

6 Robots make Sense! Robots used for autistic children have been shown to have made tremendous amount of difference in following different areas of therapy: social learning, imitation skills, communication and interaction with society Robots for autism have been focus of study since late 20th century but recently it made a boom due to technological advancement 7

7 Different Robots used for Autism Bobus, CHARLIE, CPAC, Diskcat, FACE, HOAP-2, Infanoid, IROMEC, Jumbo, KASPER, Keepon, Kismet, Labo-I, Lego Mindstorm NTX, Maestro, Therapy NAO, Paro, Pekee, Roball, Robota, Tito, TREVOR, Troy, Popchilla, Zeno, Lucy, Rubi, Romibo and Robosapiens 8

8 Triad of ASD as affected by Robotic Toys

9 Game 1: High Functioning Get Me Out! Motion detection. Increased focus. Problem solving. Action-reaction.

10 Different approach. Game 2: Low Functioning Color learning. Focusing. Decision making. RoboColor

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13 Rubric Independent Variable: NAO Dependent Variables: Memory Type of Response Time of Response Number of Trials 23

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17 H.E. Ambassador Nassir Abdulaziz al- Nasser, Permanent Representative of the State of Qatar to the United Nations, at a press conference announcing the WAAD: On December 18, 2007, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 62/139, tabled by the State of Qatar, which declares April 2 as World Autism Awareness Day (WAAD) in perpetuity 28

18 Difference of View

19 Prevalence rate of ASD in Qatar The WHO said the global median rate of autism prevalence has been estimated at 62 per 10,000, although some studies have placed it substantially higher. And for the Middle East, it may be an even bigger concern. Prevalence rate of autism-spectrum disorders (ASD) in Qatar is uncertain, and speculation that their incidence is increasing continues to cause concern. No comprehensive survey has been done to estimate the prevalence of Autism in Qatar International Meeting for Autism Research Bitter facts: Shafallah Center, Alawsaj Academy, Step by Step School, Sun Bite School, and many many more 30

20 Diagnosis & Therapies There is no specific cause of ASD, it can be said that ASD is caused due to genetic or environmental factors. There are many different set number of diagnosis methods, such as neuro imaging and behavior analysis can be used to indicate that a child is suffering from ASD. Therapies, on the other hand, are tailored to child s need, as ASD is not same from one child to the other. Behavioral therapies have been set following standards, but they are mostly effective 31 at younger age

21 Diagnosis & Treatment of Autism Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) Verbal Behavior (VB) Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) Floor time (DIR) Developmental Individual Difference Relationship Model Training & Education of Autism & Related Communication Handicapped Children (TEACCH) Social Communication/Emotional Regulation/Translational Support (SCERTs) Etc (SLT, OT, SI, PT, PECS, AIT, GFCF, and medications) 32