Pediatrics Grand Rounds 16 July University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Pediatrics Grand Rounds 16 July University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"

Transcription

1 Light Pollution and Melatonin Suppression: Implications for Pediatrics Russel J. Reiter University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas Evolution has dictated biological rhythmicity and physiology influenced by the light/dark cycle BIOLOGICAL CLOCK The key elements of the circadian system 1

2 The pineal gland is the source of the circadian blood melatonin rhythm The pineal gland is roughly the size of the tip of your little finger Cerebrum Melanopsin-containing ganglion cell SCN PVN Pineal gland Postganglionic sympathetic neuron Adult melatonin rhythms Eye Retinohypothalamic tract Cerebellum 8 Upper thoracic cord Intermediolateral cell column Pinealocyte Superior cervical ganglion Preganglionic sympathetic neuron Melatonin (pg/ml) 4 2 Norepinephrine Postganglionic sympathetic nerve ending α-1/ β-adrenergic receptor Tryptophan 5-hydroxytryptophan Amino acid camp Serotonin Adenylate AA-NAT cyclase Protein ATP synthesis N-Acetylserotonin HIOMT Melatonin Night 2

3 Essentially every function in the body exhibits a 24 hour rhythm N-acetyl-5-methoxytrypatmine (melatonin) Plasma Melatonin (pg/ml) Plasma Melatonin (pg/ml) L:D 16:8 L:D 1: , a critical year for circadian rhythms The quantity of melatonin produced is proportional to the duration of darkness 3

4 pg melatonin / ml serum lux 5 lux 15 lux Light at night suppresses melatonin levels proportional to the brightness Time of date (h) The eyes are required for light inhibition of melatonin production and for adjusting circadian rhythms Classic photoreceptors (rods and cones) are not involved in regulation of circadian rhythms 4

5 Light regulation of circadian rhythms involves a unique set of ganglion cells and melanopsin Blue-green wavelengths (peaking at 48 nanometers) is most inhibitory to the biological clock and melatonin levels Light regulation of the biological clock and pineal melatonin production 5

6 Epidemiological studies have reported an increased cancer incidence in night shift workers Science News, 26 Light at night may promote all cancer types 6

7 62% of world population and 99% of US and European populations are exposed nightly to sky brightness greater than baseline levels The World Health Organization has classified light at night as Group 2A carcinogen due to (a) melatonin suppression (b) chronodisruption (c)or both 7

8 Increasing nighttime light intensity accelerates the growth of rat hepatoma and human MCF-7 xenografts Environmental chamber Rat hepatoma Human MCF-7 tumors Blood levels of melatonin of premenopausal women at day and night and the effects of this blood perfused through rat hepatoma or human breast cancers Cancer Research, 25 Simulated jet lag also eliminates the circadian melatonin rhythm Plasma Melatonin (pg/ml)

9 Multiple mechanisms of cancer inhibition by melatonin Cell cycle arrest Anti-angiogenesis Increased quinone reductase activity Immunomodulation Inhibition of cellular proliferation MELATONIN Endocrine modulation Apoptosis induction H 3C O NH O CH 3 Interference with ERα Antioxidative actions and free radical scavenging actions Dedifferentiation of cancer cells Actions via nuclear binding sites N H Aromatase inhibition Telomerase inhibition Inhibition of growth factor uptake The wrong message! Think beyond cancer 9

10 Melatonin use in childhood sleep disorders ADHD and melatonin 19 references ASD and melatonin 35 publications Neurodevelopmental disorders and melatonin 8 publications Melatonin is the most widely recommended treatment for childhood sleep disorders in the United Kingdom Potoki, L Reiter, R.J., Lupski, J.R. Circadian rhythm abnormalities in Smith-Magenis syndrome. J. Med. Genet. 2; 37: These individuals have an inverted melatonin rhythm Melatonin: Current research Melatonin-antioxidant Melatonin-diabetes Melatonin-obesity 1,321 ref 133 ref 93 ref Melatonin-metab syndrome 7 ref 1

11 Oxygen and nitrogen-based reactants and their removal by melatonin Diabetes, hyperglycemia and melatonin Safety of Melatonin No LD 5 has been determined Despite its use for three decades, no toxicity has been reported When test in pregnant animals at exceptionally high doses (>2 mg/kg) no fetal or maternal toxicity 11

12 Light as a drug 1. It synchronizes circadian and circannual rhythms 2. It inhibits melatonin synthesis and changes the phasing of circadian rhythms As a result of these effects it influences metabolism Melatonin is a readily available and is absorbed when administered via any route 12

Low Level Ionizing Radiation and Non-Ionizing Radiation: Mitigating their Effects with Melatonin

Low Level Ionizing Radiation and Non-Ionizing Radiation: Mitigating their Effects with Melatonin Low Level Ionizing Radiation and Non-Ionizing Radiation: Mitigating their Effects with Melatonin Russel J. Reiter, Ph.D., M.D.(h.c.), D.Sc.(h.c.) University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio,

More information

Biological Clocks. Lu Chen, Ph.D. MCB, UC Berkeley. Why Does Melatonin Now Outsell Vitamin C??

Biological Clocks. Lu Chen, Ph.D. MCB, UC Berkeley. Why Does Melatonin Now Outsell Vitamin C?? Biological Clocks Lu Chen, Ph.D. MCB, UC Berkeley 1 Why Does Melatonin Now Outsell Vitamin C?? Wake / sleep complaints are extremely prevalent. Much melatonin is consumed in an attempt to overcome the

More information

University of Groningen. Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan

University of Groningen. Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan University of Groningen Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document

More information

Taking the Obesity and Diabetes Risk out of Light at Night

Taking the Obesity and Diabetes Risk out of Light at Night Taking the Obesity and Diabetes Risk out of Light at Night Martin Moore-Ede, M.D., Ph.D. CIRCADIAN Light 1980 Discovery: Location of the Human Circadian Clock 2001 Discovery: Blue Light regulates Circadian

More information

Circadian photoreception in humans: More than meets the eye

Circadian photoreception in humans: More than meets the eye DAYLIGHTING (4.430) MIT Architecture Circadian photoreception in humans: More than meets the eye Steven W. Lockley, Ph.D. Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Boston, MA Division of

More information

Lighting and Melatonin: How Lighting Impacts Melatonin Suppression and Regulation

Lighting and Melatonin: How Lighting Impacts Melatonin Suppression and Regulation 1 Lighting and Melatonin: How Lighting Impacts Melatonin Suppression and Regulation Evan Bailey Brigham Young University Summary Melatonin has long been an important element in the function of the human

More information

Biological Clocks. Lu Chen, Ph.D. MCB, UC Berkeley. What is biological clock?

Biological Clocks. Lu Chen, Ph.D. MCB, UC Berkeley. What is biological clock? Biological Clocks Lu Chen, Ph.D. MCB, UC Berkeley 1 What is biological clock? All eukaryotes and some prokaryotes display changes in gene activity, biochemistry, physiology, and behavior that wax and wane

More information

Make sure you remember the Key Concepts

Make sure you remember the Key Concepts A2 Psychology Term 1 Module 4 Physiological Psychology Biological Rhythms, Sleep and Dreaming Area of Study: Biological Rhythms. Lesson 7 Getting you Thinking pg 403 Make sure you remember the Key Concepts

More information

Rhythm Plus- Comprehensive Female Hormone Profile

Rhythm Plus- Comprehensive Female Hormone Profile Rhythm Plus- Comprehensive Female Hormone Profile Patient: SAMPLE REPORT DOB: Sex: F Order Number: K00000 Completed: Received: Collected: SAMPLE REPORT Sample # Progesterone (pg/ml) Hormone Results Oestradiol

More information

Circadian rhythm and Sleep. Radwan Banimustafa MD

Circadian rhythm and Sleep. Radwan Banimustafa MD Circadian rhythm and Sleep Radwan Banimustafa MD Homeostasis Maintenance of equilibrium by active regulation of internal states: Cardiovascular function (blood pressure, heart rate) Body temperature Food

More information

Light Therapy in Sleep Disorders 2014

Light Therapy in Sleep Disorders 2014 Light Therapy in Sleep Disorders 2014 Andrew G Veale Light and Health Effects through the eye Effects through the skin Positive effects Mood Vitality Alertess Light on skin Vitamin D production light therapy

More information

University of Groningen. Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan

University of Groningen. Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan University of Groningen Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document

More information

Adrenal Stress Profile (Saliva)

Adrenal Stress Profile (Saliva) Adrenal Stress Profile (Saliva) Ireland Cortisol Levels Sample 1 Post Awakening Sample 2 (+ 4-5 Hours) Sample 3 (+ 4-5 Hours) Sample 4 (Prior to Sleep) 11.42 2.10 1.60 0.47 Sum of Cortisol 15.590 DHEA

More information

Beta-Adrenergic Stimulation of Pineal N-Acetyltransferase: Adenosine

Beta-Adrenergic Stimulation of Pineal N-Acetyltransferase: Adenosine Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 72, No. 6, pp. 2107-2111, June 1975 Beta-Adrenergic Stimulation of Pineal : Adenosine 3':5'-Cyclic Monophosphate Stimulates Both RNA and Protein Synthesis (actinomycin D/circadian

More information

light: implications for human health and amenity, and its regulation

light: implications for human health and amenity, and its regulation light: implications for human health and amenity, and its regulation Charting the Way Foreword 43rd EHA National Conference 1 November 2018 Fremantle, Western Australia Kellie Pendoley PhD kellie.pendoley@penv.com.au

More information

LESSON 4.5 WORKBOOK How do circuits regulate their output?

LESSON 4.5 WORKBOOK How do circuits regulate their output? DEFINITIONS OF TERMS Homeostasis tendency to relatively stable equilibrium. Feed-forward inhibition control mechanism whereby the output of one pathway inhibits the activity of another pathway. Negative

More information

Nonvisual effects of light. Prof. Grega Bizjak, PhD Laboratory of Lighting and Photometry Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana

Nonvisual effects of light. Prof. Grega Bizjak, PhD Laboratory of Lighting and Photometry Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana Nonvisual effects of light Prof. Grega Bizjak, PhD Laboratory of Lighting and Photometry Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana Visual and nonvisual effects of light MIND VISION HEALTH

More information

Transcription Regulation And Gene Expression in Eukaryotes (Cycle G2 # )

Transcription Regulation And Gene Expression in Eukaryotes (Cycle G2 # ) Transcription Regulation And Gene Expression in Eukaryotes (Cycle G2 #13709-01) CIRCADIAN SIGNALING NETWORKS RG. Clerc May 19. 2010 www.fmi.ch/training/teaching Circadian rythms : most physiological processes

More information

LIGHT Feeling healthy,

LIGHT Feeling healthy, Performance Anti jet lag Sleep Energy LIGHT Feeling healthy, energized and fit. Chrono Eyewear BV Saal van Zwanenbergweg 11 5026 RM Tilburg The Netherlands info@propeaq.com Propeaq light therapy glasses

More information

Role of Melatonin in the Pathophysiology of Cancer

Role of Melatonin in the Pathophysiology of Cancer Journal of Chronotherapy and Drug Delivery REVIEW ARTICLE Role of Melatonin in the Pathophysiology of Cancer Anurag Agrawal 1, Sandeep Darbari 1, Tuman P. Rai* 1, Giriraj T. Kulkarni 2 1 School of Pharmacy,

More information

Index. sleep.theclinics.com. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

Index. sleep.theclinics.com. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Accidents, at work, effect of shift work disorder on, 263 264 Acetylcholine, in circadian rhythms, 100 105 Acrophase, definition of, 301 Actigraphy,

More information

Consciousness. Mind-body Problem. Cartesian Substance Dualism 2/2/11. Fundamental issue addressed by psychologists Dualism. Monism

Consciousness. Mind-body Problem. Cartesian Substance Dualism 2/2/11. Fundamental issue addressed by psychologists Dualism. Monism Consciousness Mind-body Problem Fundamental issue addressed by psychologists Dualism Mind is immaterial Mind can exist separate from the body Monism Mind and body are different aspects of the same thing

More information

Beyond our eyes: the non-visual impact of light

Beyond our eyes: the non-visual impact of light Beyond our eyes: the non-visual impact of light Christian Cajochen, PhD Centre for Chronobiology Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Switzerland Workshop Intelligent Efficient Human Centric

More information

How Melatonin Combats Aging

How Melatonin Combats Aging How Melatonin Combats Aging A Pioneering Doctor's Ideas And Clinical Experience By Saul Kent Founder In the mid 1960s--in my early days as an immortalist--i met a young scientist named Paul Segall who

More information

Human Centric Lighting needs new quantities for light intensity

Human Centric Lighting needs new quantities for light intensity Human Centric Lighting needs new quantities for light intensity Luc Schlangen Lighting Europe / Philips Lighting Research Light + Building, Frankfurt, March 15 th 2016 Luc.Schlangen@Philips.com Light for

More information

NIGHT WORK, NIGHT LIGHT AND CANCER: ANIMAL EVIDENCE

NIGHT WORK, NIGHT LIGHT AND CANCER: ANIMAL EVIDENCE Scientific Symposium The Health Effects of Shift Work Toronto, April 12, 2010 NIGHT WORK, NIGHT LIGHT AND CANCER: ANIMAL EVIDENCE David E. Blask Laboratory of Chrono-Neuroendocrine Oncology Department

More information

CIRCADIAN SIGNALING NETWORKS

CIRCADIAN SIGNALING NETWORKS Transcription Regulation And Gene Expression in Eukaryotes Cycle G2 (lecture 13709) FS 2014 P. Matthias and RG Clerc Roger G. Clerc 07.05.2014 CIRCADIAN SIGNALING NETWORKS Master pacemaker SCN «Slave clocks»

More information

The action of 5-Methoxytryptophol (5ML) on certain thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei in the jerboas depends on seasons Nezha BOUHADDOU

The action of 5-Methoxytryptophol (5ML) on certain thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei in the jerboas depends on seasons Nezha BOUHADDOU The action of 5-Methoxytryptophol (5ML) on certain thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei in the jerboas depends on seasons Nezha BOUHADDOU Group of research on biological rhythms University Mohamed V Agdal

More information

Sleep, Dreaming and Circadian Rhythms

Sleep, Dreaming and Circadian Rhythms Sleep, Dreaming and Circadian Rhythms People typically sleep about 8 hours per day, and spend 16 hours awake. Most people sleep over 175,000 hours in their lifetime. The vast amount of time spent sleeping

More information

University of Groningen. Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan

University of Groningen. Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan University of Groningen Melatonin on-line Drijfhout, Willem Jan IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document

More information

The potential role of fluoride in ASD

The potential role of fluoride in ASD The potential role of fluoride in ASD Prof. RNDr. Anna Strunecká, DrSc Charles University in Prague Czech Republic strun@natur.cuni.cz 1. Prevalence of ASD. 2. Definition and diagnosis of ASD. 3. ASD etiology;

More information

Targeting of the attenuated diphtheria toxin (adta) into the melanopsin locus. a,

Targeting of the attenuated diphtheria toxin (adta) into the melanopsin locus. a, doi: 1.138/nature6829 a DTA HSV- TK PGK-Neo Targeting construct b kb.85.65 L WT adta/+ adta/ adta Melanopsin (Opn 4) Genomic Locus 1 kb.4 Supplementary Figure 1: Targeting of the attenuated diphtheria

More information

let's continue talking about the eye,

let's continue talking about the eye, Eye is mainly composed of 3 layers: External layer, which called The Sclera which is a hard connective tissue that gives the eye its round shape. Extension of the sclera into the front is the cornea, which

More information

Greg Atkinson 1 and Andrew Thompson 2

Greg Atkinson 1 and Andrew Thompson 2 Døgnrytme og svømning ydeevne Greg Atkinson 1 and Andrew Thompson 2 1 Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University 2 Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University

More information

Objectives. Types of Sleep Problems in Developmental Disorders

Objectives. Types of Sleep Problems in Developmental Disorders Objectives Sleep Problems in the Child with Neurodevelopmental Disorders AACPDM September 11, 2014 BRK-3 Golda Milo-Manson MD, MHSc, FRCP(C) Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital Toronto, Canada

More information

Light and the circadian clock : effects on human health

Light and the circadian clock : effects on human health Light and the circadian clock : effects on human health Claude Gronfier, Ph.D. Département de Chronobiologie Inserm U846, Institut Cellule Souche et Cerveau Lyon, France Colloque Eclairage et Santé Association

More information

CP116. Mixed-Color LED Lighting with Circadian Benefits

CP116. Mixed-Color LED Lighting with Circadian Benefits Mixed-Color LED Lighting with Circadian Benefits Y. J. Tam, V. Kalavally, J. Parkkinen Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon

More information

Circadian Rhythm Disturbances: What Happens When Your Biological Clock Is In The Wrong Time Zone

Circadian Rhythm Disturbances: What Happens When Your Biological Clock Is In The Wrong Time Zone Circadian Rhythm Disturbances: What Happens When Your Biological Clock Is In The Wrong Time Zone Steven A. Thau MD Chief, Pulmonary, Sleep Department. Phelps Hospital, Northwell Health Internal Clock Examples

More information

The Nervous System and Metabolism

The Nervous System and Metabolism = P1: JZP 8 The Nervous System and Metabolism Dendrites Cell body Axon (may be sheathed in myelin) Nucleus Axonal terminals (synapses) Figure 8.1 Basic structure of a nerve cell (neuron). CH 3_ CH 3 CH

More information

Melatonin and Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Contribution to the Evaluation of Neuroendocrine Disorders

Melatonin and Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Contribution to the Evaluation of Neuroendocrine Disorders Melatonin and Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Contribution to the Evaluation of Neuroendocrine Disorders Fideleff G., Suárez M., Boquete HR, Azaretzky M., Sobrado P., Brunetto O*, Fideleff HL Endocrinology

More information

Sleep-Wake Cycle I Brain Rhythms. Reading: BCP Chapter 19

Sleep-Wake Cycle I Brain Rhythms. Reading: BCP Chapter 19 Sleep-Wake Cycle I Brain Rhythms Reading: BCP Chapter 19 Brain Rhythms and Sleep Earth has a rhythmic environment. For example, day and night cycle back and forth, tides ebb and flow and temperature varies

More information

25 Things To Know. Sleep

25 Things To Know. Sleep 25 Things To Know Sleep Limbic System Hypothalamus Basal ganglia Thalamus Pituitary Pineal Gland Pineal Gland Also called pineal body epiphysis cerebri epiphysis third eye Pineal Gland Endocrine gland

More information

Biological Psych Sleep

Biological Psych Sleep Biological Psych Sleep Limbic System (con t) Pineal Gland Also called pineal body epiphysis cerebri epiphysis third eye Endocrine gland Produces melatonin Derivative of serotonin Affects modulation of

More information

Lecture 8. Arousal & Sleep. Cogs17 * UCSD

Lecture 8. Arousal & Sleep. Cogs17 * UCSD Lecture 8 Arousal & Sleep Cogs17 * UCSD Arousal in the Brain Stimulated by sensory input Initiated, maintained endogenously Basal Forebrain Delivers ACh throughout cortex Arousal in the Brain Lateral Hypothalamus

More information

Consciousness, Stages of Sleep, & Dreams. Defined:

Consciousness, Stages of Sleep, & Dreams. Defined: Consciousness, Stages of Sleep, & Dreams I. Consciousness Conscious is: Waking Consciousness Defined: Altered State of Consciousness Defined: Most of waking life Fuzzy, organized, bizarre thoughts Examples:

More information

Anatomy, Histology and general pathology of the Pineal gland. Uri Shiri 1 st year, Int. medicine B

Anatomy, Histology and general pathology of the Pineal gland. Uri Shiri 1 st year, Int. medicine B Anatomy, Histology and general pathology of the Pineal gland Uri Shiri 1 st year, Int. medicine B The Pineal gland A small, ~8mm sized Endocrine gland. The Pineal gland A small, ~8mm sized Endocrine gland.

More information

CHRONOPHARMACOLOGY. Jarosław Ast Department of Clinical Pharmacology

CHRONOPHARMACOLOGY. Jarosław Ast Department of Clinical Pharmacology CHRONOPHARMACOLOGY Jarosław Ast Department of Clinical Pharmacology PROCESSES RELATED TO HOMEOSTASIS BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS CIRCADIAN RHYTHM CLINICAL APPLICATION JET LAG ASTHMA/MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PHARMACOLOGY

More information

Cephalization. Nervous Systems Chapter 49 11/10/2013. Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells

Cephalization. Nervous Systems Chapter 49 11/10/2013. Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells Nervous Systems Chapter 49 Cephalization Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells Nervous system organization usually correlates with lifestyle Organization of the vertebrate

More information

Hypothalamus is related to most area of the brain especially the subcortical and limbic system.

Hypothalamus is related to most area of the brain especially the subcortical and limbic system. بسم هللا الرحمن الر حيم Hypothalamus &Sleep: Homeostasis: keeping the internal environment within the normal range and this is the main function of the hypothalamus. Two regulatory systems that work on

More information

The 2-aminotetralin system as a structural base for new dopamine- and melatonin-receptor agents Copinga, Swier

The 2-aminotetralin system as a structural base for new dopamine- and melatonin-receptor agents Copinga, Swier University of Groningen The 2-aminotetralin system as a structural base for new dopamine- and melatonin-receptor agents Copinga, Swier IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version

More information

Downstream product market research of Melatonin

Downstream product market research of Melatonin Downstream product market research of Melatonin Product name and physical & chemical properties Product Usage Product principle / mechanism Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), also known as pinealin,

More information

Systems Neuroscience November 21, 2017 The autonomic nervous system

Systems Neuroscience November 21, 2017 The autonomic nervous system Systems Neuroscience November 21, 2017 The autonomic nervous system Daniel C. Kiper kiper@ini.phys.ethz.ch http: www.ini.unizh.ch/~kiper/system_neurosci.html How is the organization of the autonomic nervous

More information

Melatonin. Nature s most versatile biological signal? REVIEW ARTICLE

Melatonin. Nature s most versatile biological signal? REVIEW ARTICLE REVIEW ARTICLE Melatonin Nature s most versatile biological signal? S. R. Pandi-Perumal 1, V. Srinivasan 2, G. J. M. Maestroni 3, D. P. Cardinali 4, B. Poeggeler 5 and R. Hardeland 5 1 Comprehensive Center

More information

Dr Alex Bartle. Medical Director Sleep Well Clinic Christchurch

Dr Alex Bartle. Medical Director Sleep Well Clinic Christchurch Dr Alex Bartle Medical Director Sleep Well Clinic Christchurch 11:00-11:55 WS #113: Circadian Sleep Disorders 12:05-13:00 WS #125: Circadian Sleep Disorders (Repeated) Overview The Structure of Sleep

More information

Effects of light on human circadian rhythms, sleep and cognition

Effects of light on human circadian rhythms, sleep and cognition Effects of light on human circadian rhythms, sleep and cognition Christian Cajochen Centre for Chronobiology Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel Basel, Switzerland 17.12.214, Tel Aviv, Israel

More information

Food Intake Regulation & the Clock. Mary ET Boyle, Ph. D. Department of Cognitive Science UCSD

Food Intake Regulation & the Clock. Mary ET Boyle, Ph. D. Department of Cognitive Science UCSD Food Intake Regulation & the Clock Mary ET Boyle, Ph. D. Department of Cognitive Science UCSD Circadian disruption affect multiple organ systems: The diagram provides examples of how circadian disruption

More information

Novel insights into photoreception, phototransduction and biological rhythms how might this impact on carcinogenesis?

Novel insights into photoreception, phototransduction and biological rhythms how might this impact on carcinogenesis? Children with Leukaemia Scientific Conference Wednesday 8 th September 2004 Novel insights into photoreception, phototransduction and biological rhythms how might this impact on carcinogenesis? Russell

More information

General organization of central and peripheral components of the nervous system

General organization of central and peripheral components of the nervous system General organization of central and peripheral components of the nervous system Today we are focusing on the ANS Part of ANS?? Life depends on the innervation of the viscera... all the rest is biological

More information

Endocrine System. A system that consists of glands that transmit chemical messengers throughout the body.

Endocrine System. A system that consists of glands that transmit chemical messengers throughout the body. Endocrine System A system that consists of glands that transmit chemical messengers throughout the body. HORMONES: chemical that circulates throughout the blood stream and influence the activity of distant

More information

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM PART I: SPINAL CORD

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM PART I: SPINAL CORD AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM PART I: SPINAL CORD How is the organization of the autonomic nervous system different from that of the somatic nervous system? Peripheral Nervous System Divisions Somatic Nervous

More information

10 Tips for better Sleep. Cheat Sheet

10 Tips for better Sleep. Cheat Sheet 10 Tips for better Sleep Cheat Sheet Sleep is the one and only time in the 24 hour day that our body has the ability to heal itself. So when I hear people saying that they have no need for sleep, or that

More information

CHRONOCYCLIN. Cosmetic application. day and night skin care

CHRONOCYCLIN. Cosmetic application. day and night skin care Cosmetic application day and night skin care Temporary or long-term cutaneous damages overworked, tired, lack of sun exposure, jet lag anti-aging benefits Skin awakening Stimulation of cutaneous natural

More information

Modifiers and Retransmitters (Secondary Light Sources)

Modifiers and Retransmitters (Secondary Light Sources) Vision and Light Vision Generators Transmitters (Light Sources) Modifiers and Retransmitters (Secondary Light Sources) Receivers Decoder Encoders Interpreter (Eyes) (Brain) Sun, Discharge lamps, fluorescent

More information

Functions of hypothalamus

Functions of hypothalamus The Hypothalamus Functions of hypothalamus Endocrine function Caloric balance Osmolarity balance Thermal regulation Autonomic balance Sleep Affective behavior Memory Somatic movements Anatomy of

More information

Adverse Health Effects of Nighttime Lighting

Adverse Health Effects of Nighttime Lighting 380 Adverse Health Effects of Nighttime Lighting Mario Motta, M.D. 19 Skipper Way, Gloucester, MA 01930; mmotta@massmed.org Presented at the 100th Annual Meeting of the AAVSO, October 7, 2011; received

More information

The Endocrine System - Chapter 11

The Endocrine System - Chapter 11 The Endocrine System - Chapter 11 Around age 12, as they enter puberty, boys and girls start to develop striking differences in physical appearance and behavior. Chemical messages originating from the

More information

From Light to Cancer A discussion of recent research and its implications

From Light to Cancer A discussion of recent research and its implications From Light to Cancer A discussion of recent research and its implications By David M. Keith, FIES Introduction Recent research into the relationships between light, the human diurnal cycle and cancer have

More information

THE LIGHTING SOLUTION for CONTROL ROOMS and 24/7 MISSION CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTS. Optimizes Performance, Productivity and Health

THE LIGHTING SOLUTION for CONTROL ROOMS and 24/7 MISSION CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTS. Optimizes Performance, Productivity and Health THE LIGHTING SOLUTION for CONTROL ROOMS and 24/7 MISSION CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTS Optimizes Performance, Productivity and Health DynamicBlu Spectrum Control for Optimal 24/7 Operator Performance, Productivity

More information

Sympathetic Nervous System

Sympathetic Nervous System Sympathetic Nervous System Lecture Objectives Review the subdivisions of the nervous system. Review the general arrangement and compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts. Describe the following

More information

Hypothalamus. Small, central, & essential.

Hypothalamus. Small, central, & essential. Hypothalamus Small, central, & essential. Summary: You can t live without a hypothalamus. Located at the junction between the brain stem and the forebrain Medial hypothalamus: interface between the brain

More information

Endocrine Glands: Hormone-secreting organs are called endocrine glands

Endocrine Glands: Hormone-secreting organs are called endocrine glands University of Jordan Department of Physiology and Biochemistry Nursing students, Academic year 2017/2018. ******************************************************************* Ref: Principles of Anatomy

More information

Jetlag in horses: Neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying effects of transmeridian flying on equine welfare and physiology

Jetlag in horses: Neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying effects of transmeridian flying on equine welfare and physiology Horserace Betting Levy Board Parnell House 25 Wilton Road London, SW1V 1LW Tel: 020 7333 0043 Fax: 020 7333 0041 Web: www.hblb.org.uk Email: equine.grants@hblb.org.uk Jetlag in horses: Neuroendocrine mechanisms

More information

. Optimized Vitamin D activity. Resynchronized circadian rhythms. Stimulated circadian genes. . Day and night skin care

. Optimized Vitamin D activity. Resynchronized circadian rhythms. Stimulated circadian genes. . Day and night skin care Living organisms are regulated by an internal clock of 4 hours the biorhythm that controls circadian genes expression periodically. The purpose of this rhythmic activation of the circadian genes is to

More information

DEGREE (if applicable)

DEGREE (if applicable) OMB No. 0925-0001/0002 (Rev. 08/12 Approved Through 8/31/2015) NAME: Eastman, Charmane I. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Provide the following information for the Senior/key personnel and other significant contributors.

More information

The right light for health and well-being The importance of the biological effects of light and lighting concepts

The right light for health and well-being The importance of the biological effects of light and lighting concepts The right light for health and well-being The importance of the biological effects of light and lighting concepts An introduction to the subject by LEDVANCE experts 2 Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION...

More information

BIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system

BIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 Textbook and required

More information

E) A, B, and C Answer: D Topic: Concept 49.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

E) A, B, and C Answer: D Topic: Concept 49.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Chapter 49 Nervous Systems Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Which of the following is (are) characteristic of a simple nervous system? A) a nerve net such as is found in cnidarians B) nerve cell ganglia C)

More information

1. Endnotes Note 1: The role of calcium In biological systems Note Hormones

1. Endnotes Note 1: The role of calcium In biological systems Note Hormones 95 1. Endnotes This section consists of notes that describe the background information of some of the aspects of biology and epidemiology central to the understanding of the ELF fields effect science.

More information

What is sleep? o Sleep is a body s rest cycle.

What is sleep? o Sleep is a body s rest cycle. What is sleep? o Sleep is a state when our senses and motor actvity are relatively suspended; there is a total or partial unconsciousness and all voluntary muscles are inactive. o Sleep is a body s rest

More information

Shiftwork and Fatigue: Understanding the Human Machine. Andrew Moore-Ede Director of Client Services

Shiftwork and Fatigue: Understanding the Human Machine. Andrew Moore-Ede Director of Client Services Shiftwork and Fatigue: Understanding the Human Machine Andrew Moore-Ede Director of Client Services HUMAN DESIGN SPECS The Biological Clock (SCN) & Circadian Rhythms Hypothalamus Cortex SCN Eye Pituitary

More information

LIGHTING: THE WAY TO HEALTH & PRODUCTIVITY

LIGHTING: THE WAY TO HEALTH & PRODUCTIVITY LIGHTING: THE WAY TO HEALTH & PRODUCTIVITY Executive Summary Lighting: The Way to Health & Productivity Scientific research has proven the importance of light for enhancing human health as well as its

More information

Vision I. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota

Vision I. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota Vision I Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Eye Cornea Sclera Conjunctiva 2 Eye The conjunctiva lines the inner surface of the eyelids and outer surface of the sclera. 3

More information

PHYSIOLOGY AND MAINTENANCE Vol. V - Biological Rhythms - Tarja Porkka-Heiskanen, Jarmo T. Laitinen

PHYSIOLOGY AND MAINTENANCE Vol. V - Biological Rhythms - Tarja Porkka-Heiskanen, Jarmo T. Laitinen BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS Tarja Porkka-Heiskanen, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Finland Jarmo T. Laitinen Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, Finland Keywords: Light, melatonin,

More information

Seeing Ultraviolet. Keeping Time with Neuropsin

Seeing Ultraviolet. Keeping Time with Neuropsin Seeing Ultraviolet Keeping Time with Neuropsin Ian Ashdown, P. Eng., FIES Chief Scientist, Lighting Analysts Inc. Wordpress Blog (www.agi32.com/blog) 2015/10/26 What does it mean to see? The word is ubiquitous

More information

Biological rhythms. Types of biological rhythms

Biological rhythms. Types of biological rhythms Biological rhythms Types of biological rhythms 2/33 what do we call rhythm in a living organism? physiological events occurring at approximately regular times internally controlled rhythms: breathing,

More information

SLEEP DISORDERS IN HUNTINGTON S DISEASE. Gary L. Dunbar, Ph.D.

SLEEP DISORDERS IN HUNTINGTON S DISEASE. Gary L. Dunbar, Ph.D. SLEEP DISORDERS IN HUNTINGTON S DISEASE Gary L. Dunbar, Ph.D. Executive Director, Field Neurosciences Institute Co-Director, Program in Neuroscience Central Michigan University Pre-Talk Test 1. Which type

More information

The management and control of pain sensation is a matter of intense study and of great clinical interest. Drugs like aspirin

The management and control of pain sensation is a matter of intense study and of great clinical interest. Drugs like aspirin Melatonin in Antinociception: Its Therapeutic Applications Venkatramanujam Srinivasan, Edward C. Lauterbach, Khek Yu Ho, Dario Acuña-Castroviejo, Rahimah Zakar rencia : Curr Neuropharmacol. 2012 Jun;10(2):167-78.

More information

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONCEPT 2: THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN IS REGIONALLY SPECIALIZED

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONCEPT 2: THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN IS REGIONALLY SPECIALIZED THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONCEPT 2: THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN IS REGIONALLY SPECIALIZED Images of the human brain in popular culture almost always focus on the cerebrum, the part of the brain whose surface lies just

More information

Homeostasis. Endocrine System Nervous System

Homeostasis. Endocrine System Nervous System Homeostasis Endocrine System Nervous System 2004-2005 Regulation Why are hormones needed? chemical messages from one body part to another communication needed to coordinate whole body homeostasis & regulation

More information

Table of Contents. Safety Tips. Read All Safety Guidelines Before Using Your golite. Table of Contents:

Table of Contents. Safety Tips. Read All Safety Guidelines Before Using Your golite. Table of Contents: Safety Tips Read All Safety Guidelines Before Using Your golite Observe these safety instructions to avoid potential hazards that could result in personal injuries or damage to your golite. Never use damaged

More information

Biological Rhythms. Today s lecture

Biological Rhythms. Today s lecture Biological Rhythms (a review of general endocrinology) 35 Neuroendocrine control: homeostatic responses and biological rhythms. A role for anticipation or feed-forward mechanisms or scheduled events. Biological

More information

Russell. Reiter, Jack H. Britt and Jeffrey D. Armstrong-

Russell. Reiter, Jack H. Britt and Jeffrey D. Armstrong- Absence of a nocturnal rise in either norepinephrine, N-acety ltransf erase, hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase or melatonin in the pineal gland of the domestic pig kept under natural environment photoperiods

More information

Rhythms in the brain

Rhythms in the brain NeuroScience Lecture 5 Rhythms in the brain Ana-Maria Zagrean MD, PhD Assoc. Prof., Division of Physiology & Fundamental Neuroscience Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest DEVELOPMENTAL

More information

Shift-work and Health

Shift-work and Health Shift-work and Health Johnni Hansen, Ph.D. Institute of Cancer Epidemiology Danish Cancer Society Copenhagen, Denmark UICC 2010, China Working hours in the European Union Other than normal time (Monday-Friday

More information

Endocrine Effects of Circadian Disruption

Endocrine Effects of Circadian Disruption I PH78CH01-Nelson ARI 10 July 2015 13:37 R E V I E W S Review in Advance first posted online on July 22, 2015. (Changes may still occur before final publication online and in print.) E N C A D V A N Endocrine

More information

Investigation of the embryonic chicken pineal gland as a model for experimental jet lag.

Investigation of the embryonic chicken pineal gland as a model for experimental jet lag. Investigation of the embryonic chicken pineal gland as a model for experimental jet lag. Siri Kommedal, M.D. 2013 Supervisor: Csernus Valer MD, PhD, 1 Table of Content 1) Introduction Page 1.1 Biological

More information

Dr. Colin M Shapiro. Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Opthalmology. University of Toronto Director, Sleep and Alertness Clinic

Dr. Colin M Shapiro. Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Opthalmology. University of Toronto Director, Sleep and Alertness Clinic Dr. Colin M Shapiro MBBCh, PhD, MRC Psych. FRCP(C) Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Opthalmology University of Toronto Director, Sleep and Alertness Clinic Youthdale Child & Adolescent Sleep Centre

More information

NOTES: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (CH 9)

NOTES: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (CH 9) NOTES: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (CH 9) Endocrine System *The endocrine system consists of a range of glands and tissues throughout the body Functions of the Endocrine System: 1) Maintain balance within body (homeostasis)

More information

Neurons and Hormones 1. How do animals perform the right behaviors at the right time? In the right context?

Neurons and Hormones 1. How do animals perform the right behaviors at the right time? In the right context? Neurons and Hormones 1 How do animals perform the right behaviors at the right time? In the right context? Active at night only What if conflicting signals? Magnetic cues are always present But migrate

More information

TEST REPORT # U. Patient Name: Sleep Balance Patient Phone Number: TEST NAME RESULTS 07/30/18 RANGE

TEST REPORT # U. Patient Name: Sleep Balance Patient Phone Number: TEST NAME RESULTS 07/30/18 RANGE TEST REPORT Ordering Provider: John Doe, ND 8605 SW Creekside Place Beaverton, OR 97008 Phone: 503-466-2445 Fax: 503-466-1636 Samples Received 08/06/18 Report Date 08/10/18 Samples Collected Urine - 07/30/18

More information