The Significance of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and Esophagogastric Junction After Preoperative Chemoradiation
|
|
- Quentin Gilmore
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 1467 The Significance of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and Esophagogastric Junction After Preoperative Chemoradiation Kim L. Wang, MD 1 Qinghua Yang, MD, PhD 1 Karen R. Cleary, MD 1 Stephen G. Swisher, MD 2 Arlene M. Correa, PhD 2 Ritsuko Komaki, MD 3 Jaffer A. Ajani, MD 4 Asif Rashid, MD, PhD 1 Stanley R. Hamilton, MD 1 Tsung-Teh Wu, MD, PhD 1 1 Departments of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. 2 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. 3 Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. 4 Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. BACKGROUND. Esophageal and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinomas frequently have neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation, but the significance of NE differentiation in patients who have undergone preoperative chemoradiation and resection remains unclear. METHODS. The authors evaluated the presence of NE differentiation in esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry for chromogranin A and synaptophysin and evaluated the clinical significance of NE differentiation in 83 patients (10 patients who had a complete tumor response and 73 patients who had residual tumor in resection specimens) who received preoperative chemoradiation. RESULTS. Of 73 patients who had residual tumor after preoperative treatment, 52% showed NE differentiation. The proportion of tumor cells with NE differentiation had increased from 6% 6 18% in pretreatment biopsy specimens to 47% 6 42% (P ¼.00003) in posttreatment resection specimens in 30 patients who had paired pretreatment biopsy and resection specimens available. Disease-free survival (P ¼.002) and overall survival (P ¼.006) were significantly better in patients who had a complete tumor response than in patients who had residual tumor. Among patients who had residual tumor after preoperative chemoradiation, disease-free survival (P ¼.03) and overall survival (P ¼.045) were significantly better in patients who had residual tumor without NE differentiation than in patients who had residual tumor with NE differentiation. In multivariate analysis, the presence of NE differentiation in residual tumor was a prognostic factor for worse disease-free survival (P ¼.02) independent of pathologic stage and extent of residual tumor. CONCLUSIONS. The results from this study suggested that tumor cells with NE differentiation were more resistant to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas. The presence of NE differentiation in residual tumor was associated with poor survival after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. Cancer 2006;107: Ó 2006 American Cancer Society. Address for reprints: Tsung-Teh Wu, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology, Unit 85, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX ; Fax: (713) ; twu@mdanderson.org Received April 19, 2006; revision received June 19, 2006; accepted June 28, KEYWORDS: esophagus, adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine differentiation, chemoradiation. The incidence of adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) has increased significantly in the past 2 decades. 1 Because most patients present with advanced-stage disease, the prognosis for patients with esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas remains poor. 2,3 Preoperative chemoradiation has improved overall survival and yields a complete response in approximately 25% to 30% of patients who have advanced localized disease. 4,5 Currently, there are no markers available that can predict chemoradiation response ª 2006 American Cancer Society DOI /cncr Published online 5 September 2006 in Wiley InterScience (
2 1468 CANCER October 1, 2006 / Volume 107 / Number 7 and survival reliably in patients with adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and EGJ. Neuroendocrine (NE) tumors, including carcinoid tumors and high-grade NE carcinoma, are characterized by distinct histologic features and have different clinical behavior compared with adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas with NE differentiation have been reported previously. 6,7 In rectal adenocarcinomas, it has been reported that residual tumors demonstrate increased NE differentiation after preoperative chemoradiation. 8 However, there are no detailed studies of the pathologic evaluation of NE differentiation after chemoradiation in patients with esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas. In the current study, we evaluated the prevalence and proportion of tumor cells with NE differentiation in patients with esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas before and after chemoradiation and associated those parameters with clinicopathologic features and patient survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient Population This study included 83 patients with esophageal or EGJ adenocarcinomas who were treated with preoperative chemoradiation and surgery at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from 1996 to Among them, 10 of 83 patients (12%) had no residual tumor in esophagectomy specimens, and 73 of 83 patients (88%) had residual tumor. Pretreatment biopsy specimens (multiple 2-mm mucosal tissue fragments obtained with standard endoscopic biopsy forceps) were available for immunohistochemistry on 10 patients with no residual tumor in esophagectomy specimens and on 30 patients with residual tumor. In addition, 10 patients with esophageal or EGJ adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery alone and who had both biopsy and resection specimens available were used as a control group in the evaluation of NE differentiation. All tumors were graded on the degree of gland formation into well differentiated, moderately differentiated, or poorly differentiated tumors based on the World Health Organization classification of esophageal adenocarcinoma. 9 This study was approved by the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Institutional Review Board. For clinical staging of potential candidates for preoperative chemoradiation, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsy, endoscopic ultrasound studies, and computed tomography scans of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis were obtained. Tumor was judged as resectable or localized without distant metastasis except for tumors that had celiac lymph node involvement (American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage II through Stage IVA). 10 The regimens for preoperative neoadjuvant therapy varied but, in general, consisted of a 30-day course of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and paclitaxel in combination with radiotherapy in 25 fractions for a total dose of 40 grays (Gy) to 45 Gy. Resection was performed from 4 weeks to 6 weeks after the completion of neoadjuvant therapy. Immunohistochemical Staining NE differentiation was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for chromogranin A (monoclonal antibody clone PHE5 at 1:4000 dilution; Chemicon, Temecula, CA) and synaptophysin (monoclonal antibody clone Snp88 at 1:50 dilution; BioGenex, San Ramon, CA) in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues from esophagectomy specimens if residual tumor was present and in 40 pretreatment biopsies. For each tumor, NE differentiation was semiquantitated as the percentage of tumor cells with cytoplasmic staining for chromogranin A and/or synaptophysin. For statistical analysis, NE differentiation was defined as any immunoreactivity for chromogranin A and/or synaptophysin in tumor cells. Histologic Evaluation Routine hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were used to evaluate for the presence of residual tumor in esophagectomy specimens. If no macroscopically identifiable tumor was present, then the entire ulcerated area was sectioned and submitted for histologic evaluation. Residual tumor was staged according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor, Lymph Node, Metastasis classification system. 10 The extent of residual tumor after chemotherapy was based on previously published grading systems for residual esophageal and gastric carcinomas status postchemotherapy as follows: The percentage of histologically identified, viable tumor was estimated in relation to the macroscopically identifiable, ulcerated tumor bed. 11,12 Four categories were used to evaluate the extent of residual carcinoma: no residual tumor, 1% to 10% residual tumor, 11% to 50% residual tumor, and >50% residual tumor. Statistical Analysis The NE differentiation status in each tumor was correlated with clinicopathologic features and patient survival. The Fisher exact test or Student test was used to determine the significance of the testing groups. Overall survival was calculated from the time of surgery to the time of death from any cause or to the time of last follow-up, at which point, the data were censored. Disease-free and overall survival curves were constructed
3 NE Differentiation in Esophageal Cancer/Wang et al TABLE 1 Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of 83 Patients With Esophageal and EGJ Adenocarcinomas Treated With Pre-operative Chemoradiation and Resection Presence of residual tumor Absent (n 5 10) Present (n 5 73) neuroendocrine differentiation Absent (n 5 35) Present (n 5 38) Male/Female 9/1 34/1 36/2 Mean age 6 SD (years) Tumor differentiation Moderate Poor Tumor location Mid esophagus Distal esophagus EGJ SD indicates standard deviation; NE, neuroendocrine; EGJ, esophagogastric junction. by using the Kaplan Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of differences. The prognostic significance of clinical and pathologic characteristics was determined by using univariate Cox regression analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted for multivariate analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS software (version 13 for Windows; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Kaplan Meier survival curves were drawn with GraphPad Prism software (version 4 for Windows; GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA). We used a 2-sided significance level of.05 and a power of 0.90 for all statistical analyses. RESULTS Patient Characteristics Demographics of the 83 patients are summarized in Table 1. There was a male predominance (79 of 83 patients were male; 95%). The majority of tumors were located in the distal esophagus (n ¼ 36 tumors) or the EGJ (n ¼ 46 tumors). In 10 patients (12%), there was no residual adenocarcinoma in resection specimens. NE Differentiation in Posttreatment Residual Adenocarcinomas NE differentiation was present in 38 of 73 patients (52%) who had residual adenocarcinoma in posttreatment resection specimens. In addition, NE differentiation was identified by staining for synaptophysin alone in 14 of 38 tumors (37%), by chromogranin A staining alone in 6 of 38 tumors (16%), and by both chromogranin A and synaptophysin staining in 18 of FIGURE 1. Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation is observed in residual esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. (A,B) A well to-moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in resected esophagus (A) shows diffuse NE differentiation in residual tumor cells by synaptophysin immunostaining (B). (C) In another tumor, the residual tumor cells show prominent eosinophilic cytoplasm suggestive of NE differentiation within fibrotic stroma. (D) Chromogranin A immunostaining highlights these residual tumor cells with NE differentiation. 38 tumors (47%). Tumor differentiation was concordant between biopsy and resection specimens in 66 of 73 patients (29 with moderately differentiated tumors and 37 with poorly differentiated tumors) who had residual carcinoma. There was no difference between the presence of NE differentiation and tumor differentiation (16 of 31 of moderately differentiated tumors and 22 of 42 of poorly differentiated tumors; P ¼ 1.0) (Table 1). NE differentiation in >50% of residual tumor cells with was identified in 11 of 24 tumors (46%) by chromogranin A staining and in 17 of 32 tumors (53%) by synaptophysin staining (Fig. 1, Table 2). Pretreatment biopsies were available from 40 patients, and NE differentiation was present in 15 biopsy specimens (38%). NE differentiation was identified by synaptophysin alone in 5 of 40 tumors (13%), by chromogranin A alone in 1 tumor (3%), and by both chromogranin A and synaptophysin in 9 tumors (23%). Adenocarcinoma with from 1% to 5% NE-differentiated tumor cells were identified in 7 of 10 tumors (70%) by chromogranin A staining and in 6 of 14 tumors (43%) by synaptophysin staining (Table 2). The percent of tumor cells with NE differentiation in posttreatment resection specimens increased compared with NE differentiation of tumor in pretreatment biopsies (P ¼.11 for chromogranin A staining; P ¼.01 for synaptophysin staining) (Table 2). In 30 patients, the NE differentiation status was available for tumors both pretreatment and posttreatment.
4 1470 CANCER October 1, 2006 / Volume 107 / Number 7 TABLE 2 Extent of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Biopsy and Resected Specimens for Esophageal and EGJ Adenocarcinomas by Chromogranin A and Synaptophysin Tumor cells with neuroendocrine differentiation (%) >50 Pre-treatment tumor biopsy Chromogranin (n ¼ 40) * Synaptophysin (n ¼ 37) y Resected residual tumor Chromogranin (n ¼ 73) * Synaptophysin (n ¼ 73) y * P ¼ y P ¼ TABLE 3 Comparison of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in 30 Paired Tumor in Pre-treatment Biopsy and Resected Residual Tumor Tumor in pre-treatment biopsy NE differentiation Positive Negative P value Residual tumor in resection (n ¼ 30) Positive Negative 3 6 The prevalence of NE differentiation in residual tumor after treatment in resection specimens was slightly higher (70%; 21 of 30 tumors) compared with tumor in pretreatment biopsies (46%; 14 of 30 tumors) (Table 3). In addition, the proportion of tumor cells with NE differentiation (6standard deviation) was significantly greater in posttreatment resection specimens (47% 6 42%) compared with paired pretreatment biopsy specimens (6% 6 18%; P ¼.00003) (Fig. 2). The presence of NE differentiation in tumor was concordant between pretreatment and posttreatment specimens in 17 of 30 patients (57% of patients) and was discordant in 13 of 30 patients (43%30) (Table 3). In contrast, NE differentiation status in tumor was concordant between biopsy and surgical specimens in 9 of 10 patients (4 patients with NE differentiation and 5 patients without NE differentiation) who underwent surgery alone. Clinical Significance of NE Differentiation after Preoperative Neoadjuvant Therapy There was no association between the presence of NE differentiation in tumors in pretreatment biopsies and the extent of residual tumor, residual tumor stage (ypt), or the presence of metastatic adenocarcinoma in regional lymph nodes in posttreatment resection FIGURE 2. These photomicrographs illustrate increased proportions of tumor cells with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation in resection specimens after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. (A) In a pretreatment biopsy specimen, adenocarcinoma shows focal NE differentiation with 2% of tumor cells stained for synaptophysin by immunohistochemistry. (B,C) In the resected esophagus, the residual tumor cells indicate a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (B), and synaptophysin immunohistochemistry shows that NE differentiation is present in approximately 100% of residual tumor cells (C).
5 NE Differentiation in Esophageal Cancer/Wang et al TABLE 4 Correlation of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Pre-treatment Tumor and Residual Tumor Status After Neoadjuvant Therapy Residual tumor Neuroendocrine differentiation Present (n 5 15) Absent (n 5 25) P value ypt Stage ypn Stage 0.11 N1 9 8 N Extent of residual tumor 0.63 >50% % % 5 8 0% 3 7 specimens (Table 4). The presence of NE differentiation in posttreatment resection specimens was correlated with the extent of residual tumor but had no association with residual tumor stage (ypt), lymph node stage (ypn), distant metastasis (ypm), or the presence of Barrett mucosa (Table 5). TABLE 5 Correlation of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Post-treatment Resection Specimens and Residual Tumor Status After Neoadjuvant Therapy Residual tumor Neuroendocrine differentiation Present (n 5 38) Absent (n 5 35) P value ypt Stage * ypn Stage 0.16 N N ypm Stage 0.24 M M1 3 0 Extent of residual tumor > 50% % % % 0 3* Barrett mucosa 0.47 Present Absent * In 3 cases, no residual tumor was identified in resected esophagectomy specimens and NE differentiation status was determined in residual metastatic tumor present in lymph nodes. Survival Analysis The median potential follow-up was 47.3 months. Patients who had no residual tumor in resected specimens had a significantly better overall survival and disease-free survival than patients who had residual tumor (Fig. 3). For patients who had residual tumor, disease-free survival and overall survival after preoperative chemoradiation were associated with pathologic stage of residual tumor and with the presence of NE differentiation in residual tumor in univariate analysis (Table 6). The presence of NE differentiation in residual tumor after preoperative chemoradiation therapy was associated with a worse outcome. The median disease-free survival and overall survival for patients who had NE differentiation present in residual tumor (11.7 months and 18.0 months, respectively) was significantly worse compared with those in patients without NE differentiation in residual tumor (22.5 months and 33.6 months, respectively; P ¼.03 and P ¼.045, respectively) (Fig. 3). In multivariate analysis, disease-free survival was predicted by NE differentiation status in residual tumor (P ¼.02), and overall survival was predicted by the extent of residual tumor (P ¼.02) (Table 7). There was no difference between pretreatment tumor with or without NE differentiation in predicting disease-free survival (P ¼.53) or overall survival (P ¼.19) after preoperative chemoradiation followed by resection on a limited set of patients. The median disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with NE differentiation (13.1 months and 22.5 months, respectively) and without NE differentiation (42.2 months and 42.3 months, respectively) in pretreatment biopsy specimens did not differ significantly (P ¼.27 and P ¼.14, respectively). DISCUSSION The clinical significance of NE differentiation in tumors is site-dependent. It has been reported that tumors with NE differentiation imply a good prognosis for patients pancreatic carcinomas, 13 a poor prognosis for patients with prostatic adenocarcinomas, 14,15 and have no effect on clinical outcome in patients with breast carcinomas. 16,17 The prognostic relevance of NE differentiation in colonic adenocarcinomas is controversial, but most studies have observed that NE differentiation was associated with a worse prognosis in patients with colonic adenocarcinomas. 21,22,25 NE differentiation in esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas has been reported previously, 6,7 but its clinical significance remains unclear specifically in relation to preoperative chemoradiation and response to treatment.
6 1472 CANCER October 1, 2006 / Volume 107 / Number 7 FIGURE 3. Overall survival and disease-free survival is illustrated for patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction who received preoperative chemoradiation. Patients who had no residual tumor (complete pathologic response [CR]) after chemoradiation had significantly better (A) overall survival and (B) disease-free survival compared with patients who had residual tumor. Patients who had residual tumor without neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation had significantly better (C) overall survival and (D) disease-free survival compared with patients who had residual tumor with NE differentiation. In the current study, NE differentiation was present in 38% of esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas in pretreatment biopsies and in 52% of residual adenocarcinomas after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy, similar to previously reported rates of from 21% to 49%. 6,7,26 In our study, the majority of tumors had focal NE differentiation (<5% of tumor cells). This finding was similar to previous studies, which found focal NE differentiation in tumors from multiple organ sites, including tumors of the pancreas, 13 colon, 21,22,25,27,28 and esophagus. 7,26 It is noteworthy that, in the current study, the percentage of tumor cells with NE differentiation was increased significantly in residual tumor in posttreatment resection specimens compared with paired tumor in pretreatment biopsy specimens. Increased ME cells also have been reported in colorectal and prostatic adenocarcinomas after neoadjuvant therapy, 8,29,30 and the extent of NE cells appears to be related to the degree of cytotoxic insult and treatment response. NE cell hyperplasia is observed in a variety of inflammatory conditions, such as chronic pancreatitis and inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting that NE cells may be more resistant to inflammatory injury. There are 2 main hypotheses to explain why NE differentiation increases in frequency and density in treated adenocarcinomas. First, tumor cells with NE differentiation may be more resistant to the cytotoxic insult caused by neoadjuvant therapy. 8,30 Second, cytotoxic injury may induce NE differentiation in tumor cells. 8 Recent studies showed that NE-secreted products, such as serotonin, somatostatin, and bombesin, may influence tumor growth by promoting proliferation, invasiveness, metastatic potential, and angiogenesis and by conferring antiapoptotic capabilities in prostatic and colorectal carcinoma. 14,31 Currently, there is no consensus regarding the prognostic significance of NE cells in esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinoma. Previous studies have shown that NE differentiation in esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas have no effect on survival 7,26 ; however, those studies included patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy as and patients who had undergone primary resection alone. In the current study, we evaluated only those patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy and demonstrated that, although the presence of NE differentiation in pretreatment tumor was not associated with patient s out-
7 NE Differentiation in Esophageal Cancer/Wang et al TABLE 6 Univariate Analysis of Disease-Free and Overall Survivals Disease-free survival Overall survival Characteristic No. HR 95% CI P value HR 95% CI P value Age Gender Male Female (Reference) Pathologic Stage I (Reference) II III IV Extent of residual tumor % (Reference) % % > 50% NE differentiation Absent (Reference) Present HR indicates hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NE, neuroendocrine. TABLE 7 Multivariate Cox Regression Analysis of Disease-Free and Overall Survivals Disease-free survival Overall survival Characteristic No. HR 95% CI P value HR 95% CI P value Age Gender Male Female (Reference) Pathologic Stage I (Reference) II III IV Extent of Residual Tumor % (Reference) % % > 50% NE differentiation Absent (Reference) Present HR indicates hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NE, neuroendocrine. come, the presence of NE differentiation in residual tumor after preoperative chemotherapy was associated with worse disease-free survival and worse overall survival in patients with residual esophageal or EGJ adenocarcinoma. In addition, the presence of NE differentiation in residual tumor was an independent prognostic predictor of worse disease-free survival independent of the pathologic stage or the extent of residual tumor in multivariate analysis. In conclusion, the current results suggest that tumors with NE differentiation may be more resistant to preoperative neoadjuvant therapy than tumors with-
8 1474 CANCER October 1, 2006 / Volume 107 / Number 7 out NE differentiation. The presence of NE differentiation in residual esophageal or EGJ adenocarcinomas is associated with a worse patient outcome and may be used as an adjunct tool in predicting survival after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. REFERENCES 1. Chen X, Yang CS. Esophageal adenocarcinoma: a review and perspectives on the mechanism of carcinogenesis and chemoprevention. Carcinogenesis. 2001;22: Altorki N, Kent M, Ferrara C, Port J. Three-field lymph node dissection for squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Ann Surg. 2002;236: Orringer MB, Marshall B, Iannettoni MD. Transhiatal esophagectomy: clinical experience and refinements. Ann Surg. 1999;230: ; discussion, Heath EI, Burtness BA, Heitmiller RF, et al. Phase II evaluation of preoperative chemoradiation and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18: Kelsen DP, Ginsberg R, Pajak TF, et al. Chemotherapy followed by surgery compared with surgery alone for localized esophageal cancer. N Engl J Med. 1998;339: Griffin M, Sweeney EC. The relationship of endocrine cells, dysplasia and carcinoembryonic antigen in Barrett s mucosa to adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. Histopathology. 1987; 11: Hamilton K, Chiappori A, Olson S, Sawyers J, Johnson D, Washington K. Prevalence and prognostic significance of neuroendocrine cells in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2000;13: Shia J, Tickoo SK, Guillem JG, et al. Increased endocrine cells in treated rectal adenocarcinomas: a possible reflection of endocrine differentiation in tumor cells induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26: Werner M, Flejou JF, Hainaut P, et. al. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. In: Hamilton SR, Aaltonen LA, editors. World Health Organization Classification of Tumors: Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Digestive System. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2000: Greene FL, Page DL, Fleming ID, et al., editors. Esophaqus. American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual. 6th ed. New York: Springer; 2002: Chirieac LR, Swisher SG, Ajani JA, et al. Posttherapy pathologic stage predicts survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma receiving preoperative chemoradiation. Cancer. 2005; 103: Mandard AM, Dalibard F, Mandard JC, et al. Pathologic assessment of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma: clinicopathologic correlations. Cancer. 1994;73: Tezel E, Nagasaka T, Nomoto S, Sugimoto H, Nakao A. Neuroendocrine-like differentiation in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer. 2000;89: Abrahamsson PA. Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostatic carcinoma. Prostate. 1999;39: Helpap B, Kollermann J, Oehler U. Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostatic carcinomas: histogenesis, biology, clinical relevance, and future therapeutical perspectives. Urol Int. 1999;62: Miremadi A, Pinder SE, Lee AH, et al. Neuroendocrine differentiation and prognosis in breast adenocarcinoma. Histopathology. 2002;40: Scopsi L, Andreola S, Pilotti S, et al. Mucinous carcinoma of the breast. A clinicopathologic, histochemical, and immunocytochemical study with special reference to neuroendocrine differentiation. Am J Surg Pathol. 1994;18: Pagani A, Papotti M, Abbona GC, Bussolati G. Chromogranin gene expressions in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Mod Pathol. 1995;8: Secco GB, Campora E, Fardelli R, et al. Chromogranin-A expression in neoplastic neuroendocrine cells and prognosis in colorectal cancer. Tumori. 1996;82: Foley EF, Gaffey MJ, Frierson HF Jr. The frequency and clinical significance of neuroendocrine cells within Stage III adenocarcinomas of the colon. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1998;122: Grabowski P, Schindler I, Anagnostopoulos I, et al. Neuroendocrine differentiation is a relevant prognostic factor in Stage III-IV colorectal cancer. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001;13: Hamada Y, Oishi A, Shoji T, et al. Endocrine cells and prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Cancer. 1992;69: Smith DM Jr., Haggitt RC. The prevalence and prognostic significance of argyrophil cells in colorectal carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 1984;8: Mori M, Mimori K, Kamakura T, Adachi Y, Ikeda Y, Sugimachi K. Chromogranin positive cells in colorectal carcinoma and transitional mucosa. JClinPathol. 1995;48: de Bruine AP, Wiggers T, Beek C, et al. Endocrine cells in colorectal adenocarcinomas: incidence, hormone profile and prognostic relevance. Int J Cancer. 1993;54: Koppert LB, Wijnhoven BP, Tilanus HW, Stijnen T, Van Dekken H, Dinjens WN. Neuroendocrine in Barrett s mucosa and adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction. Int J Surg Pathol. 2004;12: Ferrero S, Buffa R, Pruneri G, et al. The prevalence and clinical significance of chromogranin A and secretogranin II immunoreactivity in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Virchows Arch. 1995;426: Lapertosa G, Baracchini P, Delucchi F. Prevalence and prognostic significance of endocrine cells in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Pathologica. 1994;86: Ahlgren G, Pedersen K, Lundberg S, Aus G, Hugosson J, Abrahamsson PA. Regressive changes and neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer after neoadjuvant hormonal treatment. Prostate. 2000;42: Bonkhoff H. Neuroendocrine cells in benign and malignant prostate tissue: morphogenesis, proliferation, and androgen receptor status. Prostate. 1998;8(Suppl): Seretis E, Gavrill A, Agnantis N, Golematis V, Voloudakis- Baltatzis IE. Comparative study of serotonin and bombesin in adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors of the colon. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2001;25:
Characteristics and prognostic factors of synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma: A report of 52 cases
Thoracic Cancer ISSN 1759-7706 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Characteristics and prognostic factors of synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma: A report of 52 cases Mei Li & Zhi-xiong Lin Department of Radiation
More informationImpact of tumor length on long-term survival of pt1 esophageal adenocarcinoma
Bolton et al General Thoracic Surgery Impact of tumor length on long-term survival of pt1 esophageal adenocarcinoma William D. Bolton, MD, a Wayne L. Hofstetter, MD, a Ashleigh M. Francis, BS, a Arlene
More informationDisclosure of Relevant Financial Relationships
Disclosure of Relevant Financial Relationships USCAP requires that all faculty in a position to influence or control the content of CME disclose any relevant financial relationship WITH COMMERCIAL INTERESTS
More informationOriginal Article CREPT expression correlates with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma histological grade and clinical outcome
Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017;10(2):2030-2035 www.ijcep.com /ISSN:1936-2625/IJCEP0009456 Original Article CREPT expression correlates with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma histological grade and clinical
More informationPeritoneal Involvement in Stage II Colon Cancer
Anatomic Pathology / PERITONEAL INVOLVEMENT IN STAGE II COLON CANCER Peritoneal Involvement in Stage II Colon Cancer A.M. Lennon, MB, MRCPI, H.E. Mulcahy, MD, MRCPI, J.M.P. Hyland, MCh, FRCS, FRCSI, C.
More informationLog odds of positive lymph nodes is a novel prognostic indicator for advanced ESCC after surgical resection
Original Article Log odds of positive lymph nodes is a novel prognostic indicator for advanced ESCC after surgical resection Mingjian Yang 1,2, Hongdian Zhang 1,2, Zhao Ma 1,2, Lei Gong 1,2, Chuangui Chen
More informationImplications of Progesterone Receptor Status for the Biology and Prognosis of Breast Cancers
日大医誌 75 (1): 10 15 (2016) 10 Original Article Implications of Progesterone Receptor Status for the Biology and Prognosis of Breast Cancers Naotaka Uchida 1), Yasuki Matsui 1), Takeshi Notsu 1) and Manabu
More informationImpact of esophageal cancer staging on overall survival and disease-free survival based on the 2010 AJCC classification by lymph nodes
Journal of Radiation Research, 2013, 54, 307 314 doi: 10.1093/jrr/rrs096 Advance Access Publication 2 November 2012 Impact of esophageal cancer staging on overall survival and disease-free survival based
More informationAssociation of Age and Survival in Patients With Gastroesophageal Cancer Undergoing Surgery With or Without Preoperative Therapy
Association of Age and Survival in Patients With Gastroesophageal Cancer Undergoing Surgery With or Without Preoperative Therapy Fadi Braiteh, MD 1 ; Arlene M. Correa, PhD 2 ; Wayne L. Hofstetter, MD 2
More informationOriginal Article Is there an association between ABO blood group and overall survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
Int J Clin Exp Med 2014;7(8):2214-2218 www.ijcem.com /ISSN:1940-5901/IJCEM0001278 Original Article Is there an association between ABO blood group and overall survival in patients with esophageal squamous
More informationCase Scenario 1. The patient has now completed his neoadjuvant chemoradiation and has been cleared for surgery.
Case Scenario 1 July 10, 2010 A 67-year-old male with squamous cell carcinoma of the mid thoracic esophagus presents for surgical resection. The patient has completed preoperative chemoradiation. This
More informationPATHOLOGIC FACTORS PROGNOSTIC OF SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH GI TRACT AND PANCREATIC CARCINOMA TREATED WITH NEOADJUVANT THERAPY
PATHOLOGIC FACTORS PROGNOSTIC OF SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH GI TRACT AND PANCREATIC CARCINOMA TREATED WITH NEOADJUVANT THERAPY Jeannelyn S. Estrella, MD Department of Pathology The UT MD Anderson Cancer
More informationRESEARCH COMMUNICATION
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.1.199 RESEARCH COMMUNICATION Prognostic Significance of CYFRA21-1, CEA and Hemoglobin in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cancer Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
More informationClinicopathologic Characteristics and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer in Young Patients
Yonago Acta medica 2012;55:57 61 Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer in Young Patients Hiroaki Saito, Seigo Takaya, Yoji Fukumoto, Tomohiro Osaki, Shigeru Tatebe and Masahide
More informationLower lymph node yield following neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer has no clinical significance
Original Article Lower lymph node yield following neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer has no clinical significance Dedrick Kok Hong Chan 1,2, Ker-Kan Tan 1,2 1 Division of Colorectal Surgery, University
More informationAccuracy of endoscopic ultrasound staging for T2N0 esophageal cancer: a national cancer database analysis
Review Article Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound staging for T2N0 esophageal cancer: a national cancer database analysis Ravi Shridhar 1, Jamie Huston 2, Kenneth L. Meredith 2 1 Department of Radiation
More informationEsophageal cancer located at the cervical and upper thoracic
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Esophageal Cancer Located at the Neck and Upper Thorax Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiation: A Single- Institution Experience Shulian Wang, MD,* Zhongxing Liao, MD, Yuan Chen, MD, Joe
More informationIndex. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Abdominal drainage, after hepatic resection, 159 160 Ablation, radiofrequency, for hepatocellular carcinoma, 160 161 Adenocarcinoma, pancreatic.
More informationAlthough esophagectomy remains the standard of care for esophageal
Keresztes et al General Thoracic Surgery Preoperative chemotherapy for esophageal cancer with paclitaxel and carboplatin: Results of a phase II trial R. S. Keresztes, MD J. L. Port, MD M. W. Pasmantier,
More informationOverall survival analysis of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy for esophageal cancer
Original Article Overall survival analysis of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy for esophageal cancer Faisal A. Siddiqui 1, Katelyn M. Atkins 2, Brian S. Diggs 3, Charles R. Thomas Jr 1,
More informationCase Scenario year-old white male presented to personal physician with dyspepsia with reflux.
Case Scenario 1 57-year-old white male presented to personal physician with dyspepsia with reflux. 7/12 EGD: In the gastroesophageal junction we found an exophytic tumor. The tumor occupies approximately
More informationTreatment outcomes and prognostic factors of gallbladder cancer patients after postoperative radiation therapy
Korean J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2011;15:152-156 Original Article Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of gallbladder cancer patients after postoperative radiation therapy Suzy Kim 1,#, Kyubo
More informationA Proposed Strategy for Treatment of Superficial Carcinoma. in the Thoracic Esophagus Based on an Analysis. of Lymph Node Metastasis
Kitakanto Med J 2002 ; 52 : 189-193 189 A Proposed Strategy for Treatment of Superficial Carcinoma in the Thoracic Esophagus Based on an Analysis of Lymph Node Metastasis Susumu Kawate,' Susumu Ohwada,'
More informationRare Small Cell Carcinoma in Genitourinary Tract: Experience from E-Da Hospital
E-Da Medical Journal 20;():-5 Original Article Rare Small Cell Carcinoma in Genitourinary Tract: Experience from E-Da Hospital Wei-Ting Kuo, I-Wei Chang2, Kevin Lu, Hua-Pin Wang, Tsan-Jung u, Victor C.
More informationOriginal articledote_1350. S. P. Mehta, 1 P. Jose, 1,2 A. Mirza, 3 S. A. Pritchard, 3 J. D. Hayden, 1 and H. I. Grabsch 2
1..7 Diseases of the Esophagus (2012), DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01350.x Original articledote_1350 Comparison of the prognostic value of the 6th and 7th editions of the Union for International Cancer
More informationUtility of PET, CT, and EUS to Identify Pathologic Responders in Esophageal Cancer
ORIGINAL ARTICLES: GENERAL THORACIC Utility of PET, CT, and EUS to Identify Pathologic Responders in Esophageal Cancer Stephen G. Swisher, MD, Mary Maish, MD, Jeremy J. Erasmus, MD, Arlene M. Correa, PhD,
More informationHigh expression of fibroblast activation protein is an adverse prognosticator in gastric cancer.
Biomedical Research 2017; 28 (18): 7779-7783 ISSN 0970-938X www.biomedres.info High expression of fibroblast activation protein is an adverse prognosticator in gastric cancer. Hu Song 1, Qi-yu Liu 2, Zhi-wei
More informationTemporal Trends in Demographics and Overall Survival of Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients at Moffitt Cancer Center From 1986 to 2008
Special Report Temporal Trends in Demographics and Overall Survival of Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients at Moffitt Cancer Center From 1986 to 2008 Matthew B. Schabath, PhD, Zachary J. Thompson, PhD,
More informationClinicopathological Factors Affecting Distant Metastasis Following Loco-Regional Recurrence of breast cancer. Cheol Min Kang 2018/04/05
Abstract No.: ABS-0075 Clinicopathological Factors Affecting Distant Metastasis Following Loco-Regional Recurrence of breast cancer 2018/04/05 Cheol Min Kang Department of surgery, University of Ulsan
More informationPrognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with preoperative radiotherapy: Comparison of different cancer staging systems
Thoracic Cancer ISSN 1759-7706 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with preoperative radiotherapy: Comparison of different cancer staging systems Qifeng Wang 1 *,
More informationClinical analysis of 29 cases of nasal mucosal malignant melanoma
1166 Clinical analysis of 29 cases of nasal mucosal malignant melanoma HUANXIN YU and GANG LIU Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
More informationCharacteristics of intramural metastasis in gastric cancer. Tatsuya Hashimoto Kuniyoshi Arai Yuichi Yamashita Yoshiaki Iwasaki Tsunekazu
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Characteristics of intramural metastasis in gastric cancer Tatsuya Hashimoto Kuniyoshi Arai Yuichi Yamashita Yoshiaki Iwasaki Tsunekazu Hishima Author for correspondence: T. Hashimoto
More informationIntroduction. Original Article
Original Article A nomogram that predicts pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation also predicts survival outcomes after definitive chemoradiation for esophageal cancer Steven H. Lin
More informationCHEMOTHERAPY FOLLOWED BY SURGERY VS. SURGERY ALONE FOR LOCALIZED ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
CHEMOTHERAPY FOLLOWED BY VS. ALONE FOR LOCALIZED ESOPHAGEAL CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY FOLLOWED BY COMPARED WITH ALONE FOR LOCALIZED ESOPHAGEAL CANCER DAVID P. KELSEN, M.D., ROBERT GINSBERG, M.D., THOMAS F. PAJAK,
More informationLarge Colorectal Adenomas An Approach to Pathologic Evaluation
Anatomic Pathology / LARGE COLORECTAL ADENOMAS AND PATHOLOGIC EVALUATION Large Colorectal Adenomas An Approach to Pathologic Evaluation Elizabeth D. Euscher, MD, 1 Theodore H. Niemann, MD, 1 Joel G. Lucas,
More informationTumor Marker Expression Is Predictive of Survival in Patients With Esophageal Cancer
Tumor Marker Expression Is Predictive of Survival in Patients With Esophageal Cancer Thomas A. Aloia, MD, David H. Harpole, Jr, MD, Carolyn E. Reed, MD, Carmen Allegra, PhD, Mary-Beth H. Moore, BA, James
More informationEsophageal cancer is a significant health hazard for
Postoperative Radiotherapy Improved Survival of Poor Prognostic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Esophagus GENERAL THORACIC Junqiang Chen, MD, Ji Zhu, MD, Jianji Pan, MD, Kunshou Zhu, MD, Xiongwei Zheng, MD, Mingqiang
More informationThe following slides are provided as presented by the author during the live educa7onal ac7vity and are intended for reference purposes only.
The following slides are provided as presented by the author during the live educa7onal ac7vity and are intended for reference purposes only. If you have any ques7ons, please contact Imedex via email at:
More informationEsophageal seeding after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a mediastinal tumor
Esophageal seeding after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a mediastinal tumor Authors Kensuke Yokoyama 1,JunUshio 1,NorikatsuNumao 1, Kiichi Tamada 1, Noriyoshi Fukushima 2, Alan
More informationCorrelation between expression and significance of δ-catenin, CD31, and VEGF of non-small cell lung cancer
Correlation between expression and significance of δ-catenin, CD31, and VEGF of non-small cell lung cancer X.L. Liu 1, L.D. Liu 2, S.G. Zhang 1, S.D. Dai 3, W.Y. Li 1 and L. Zhang 1 1 Thoracic Surgery,
More informationClinicopathologic and prognostic factors of young and elderly patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma: is there really a difference?
Diseases of the Esophagus (2008) 21, 596 600 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00817.x Original article Clinicopathologic and prognostic factors of young and elderly patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma:
More informationOriginal Article Prognostic role of neuroendocrine cell differentiation in human gastric carcinoma
Int J Clin Exp Med 2015;8(5):7837-7842 www.ijcem.com /ISSN:1940-5901/IJCEM0003844 Original Article Prognostic role of neuroendocrine cell differentiation in human gastric carcinoma Tingting Zhang, Dan
More informationWhen to Integrate Surgery for Metatstatic Urothelial Cancers
When to Integrate Surgery for Metatstatic Urothelial Cancers Wade J. Sexton, M.D. Senior Member and Professor Department of Genitourinary Oncology Moffitt Cancer Center Case Presentation #1 67 yo male
More informationIn 1998, the American College of Gastroenterology issued ALIMENTARY TRACT
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY 2012;10:1232 1236 ALIMENTARY TRACT Effects of Dropping the Requirement for Goblet Cells From the Diagnosis of Barrett s Esophagus MARIA WESTERHOFF,* LINDSEY HOVAN,
More informationSalvage prostatectomy for post-radiation adenocarcinoma with treatment effect: Pathological and oncological outcomes
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Salvage prostatectomy for post-radiation adenocarcinoma with treatment effect: Pathological and oncological outcomes Michael J. Metcalfe, MD ; Patricia Troncoso, MD 2 ; Charles C. Guo,
More informationRevisit of Primary Malignant Neoplasms of the Trachea: Clinical Characteristics and Survival Analysis
Jpn J Clin Oncol 1997;27(5)305 309 Revisit of Primary Malignant Neoplasms of the Trachea: Clinical Characteristics and Survival Analysis -, -, - - 1 Chest Department and 2 Section of Thoracic Surgery,
More informationSurgical Management of Pancreatic Cancer
I Congresso de Oncologia D Or July 5-6, 2013 Surgical Management of Pancreatic Cancer Michael A. Choti, MD, MBA, FACS Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD Estimated
More informationLocoregional treatment Session Oral Abstract Presentation Saulo Brito Silva
Locoregional treatment Session Oral Abstract Presentation Saulo Brito Silva Background Post-operative radiotherapy (PORT) improves disease free and overall suvivallin selected patients with breast cancer
More informationAbstracting Upper GI Cancer Incidence and Treatment Data Quiz 1 Multiple Primary and Histologies Case 1 Final Pathology:
Abstracting Upper GI Cancer Incidence and Treatment Data Quiz 1 Multiple Primary and Histologies Case 1 A 74 year old male with a history of GERD presents complaining of dysphagia. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy
More informationDisclosures. Outline. What IS tumor budding?? Tumor Budding in Colorectal Carcinoma: What, Why, and How. I have nothing to disclose
Tumor Budding in Colorectal Carcinoma: What, Why, and How Disclosures I have nothing to disclose Soo-Jin Cho, MD, PhD Assistant Professor UCSF Dept of Pathology Current Issues in Anatomic Pathology 2017
More informationAndrogen Receptor Expression in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A New Actionable Target?
Androgen Receptor Expression in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A New Actionable Target? New Frontiers in Urologic Oncology Juan Chipollini, MD Clinical Fellow Department of Genitourinary Oncology Moffitt Cancer
More informationIndex. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2007) Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 16 (2007) 465 469 Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Adjuvant therapy, preoperative for gastric cancer, staging and, 339 B Breast cancer, metabolic
More informationColor Codes Pathology and Genetics Medicine and Clinical Pathology Surgery Imaging
Saturday, November 5, 2005 8:30-10:30 a. m. Poorly Differentiated Endocrine Carcinomas Chairman: E. Van Cutsem, Leuven, Belgium 9:00-9:30 a. m. Working Group Sessions Pathology and Genetics Group leaders:
More informationClinicopathological and prognostic differences between mucinous gastric carcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma
Original Article Clinicopathological and prognostic differences between mucinous gastric carcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma Zhaode Bu, Zhixue Zheng, Ziyu Li, Xiaojiang Wu, Lianhai Zhang, Aiwen Wu,
More informationQuiz Adenocarcinoma of the distal stomach has been increasing in the last 20 years. a. True b. False
Quiz 1 1. Which of the following are risk factors for esophagus cancer. a. Obesity b. Gastroesophageal reflux c. Smoking and Alcohol d. All of the above 2. Adenocarcinoma of the distal stomach has been
More informationEsophageal cancer: Biology, natural history, staging and therapeutic options
EGEUS 2nd Meeting Esophageal cancer: Biology, natural history, staging and therapeutic options Michael Bau Mortensen MD, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Surgery Centre for Surgical Ultrasound, Upper GI Section,
More informationNeuroendocrine differentiation in pure type mammary mucinous carcinoma is associated with favorable histologic and immunohistochemical parameters
& 2004 USCAP, Inc All rights reserved 0893-3952/04 $25.00 www.modernpathology.org Neuroendocrine differentiation in pure type mammary mucinous carcinoma is associated with favorable histologic and immunohistochemical
More informationSignificance of the lymph nodes in the 7th station in rational dissection for metastasis of distal gastric cancer with different T categories
Original Article Significance of the lymph nodes in the 7th station in rational dissection for metastasis of distal gastric cancer with different T categories Wu Song, Yulong He, Shaochuan Wang, Weiling
More informationCover Page. The handle holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/55957 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Dekker T.J.A. Title: Optimizing breast cancer survival models based on conventional
More informationperformed to help sway the clinician in what the appropriate diagnosis is, which can substantially alter the treatment of management.
Hello, I am Maura Polansky at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. I am a Physician Assistant in the Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and the Program Director for Physician
More informationThe clinicopathological features and treatment modalities associated with survival of neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma in a Chinese population
Zhang et al. BMC Cancer (2019) 19:22 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-5147-2 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access The clinicopathological features and treatment modalities associated with survival of neuroendocrine
More informationSAM PROVIDER TOOLKIT
THE AMERICAN BOARD OF PATHOLOGY Maintenance of Certification (MOC) Program SAM PROVIDER TOOLKIT Developing Self-Assessment Modules (SAMs) www.abpath.org The American Board of Pathology (ABP) approves educational
More informationLymph node invasion might have more prognostic impact than R status in advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma
The American Journal of Surgery (2013) 205, 711-717 Clinical Surgery Lymph node invasion might have more prognostic impact than R status in advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma Magali Cabau, M.D. a, Guillaume
More informationLymph node metastasis is one of the most important prognostic
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Comparison of Survival and Recurrence Pattern Between Two-Field and Three-Field Lymph Node Dissections for Upper Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Young Mog Shim, MD, Hong Kwan
More informationSurgical Problems in Proximal GI Cancer Management Cardia Tumours Question #1: What are cardia tumours?
Surgical Problems in Proximal GI Cancer Management Cardia Tumours Question #1: What are cardia tumours? Question #2: How are cardia tumours managed? Michael F. Humer December 3, 2005 Vancouver, BC Case
More informationJ Clin Oncol 22: by American Society of Clinical Oncology INTRODUCTION
VOLUME 22 NUMBER 22 NOVEMBER 15 2004 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY O R I G I N A L R E P O R T Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resected Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus, Gastro-Esophageal Junction, and Cardia:
More informationp53 expression in invasive pancreatic adenocarcinoma and precursor lesions
Malaysian J Pathol 2011; 33(2) : 89 94 ORIGINAL ARTICLE p53 expression in invasive pancreatic adenocarcinoma and precursor lesions NORFADZILAH MY MBBCH,* Jayalakshmi PAILOOR MPath, FRCPath,* RETNESWARI
More informationDoes the Timing of Esophagectomy After Chemoradiation Affect Outcome?
ORIGINAL ARTICLES: SURGERY: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery CME Program is located online at http://cme.ctsnetjournals.org. To take the CME activity related to this article, you must have either an STS
More informationMorphologic Criteria of Invasive Colonic Adenocarcinoma on Biopsy Specimens
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Pathology Volume 12 Number 1 Morphologic Criteria of Invasive Colonic Adenocarcinoma on Biopsy Specimens C Rose, H Wu Citation C Rose, H Wu.. The Internet Journal of Pathology.
More informationCT PET SCANNING for GIT Malignancies A clinician s perspective
CT PET SCANNING for GIT Malignancies A clinician s perspective Damon Bizos Head, Surgical Gastroenterology Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital Case presentation 54 year old with recent onset
More informationCytokeratin 5/6 expression in bladder cancer: association with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3319-4 BMC Research Notes RESEARCH NOTE Open Access Cytokeratin 5/6 expression in bladder cancer: association with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis Atif Ali
More informationNumber of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Resected Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Predicts Patient Survival
Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Resected Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Predicts Patient Survival Jin Gu Lee, MD, Chang Young Lee, MD, In Kyu Park, MD, Dae Joon Kim, MD, Seong Yong Park, MD, Kil Dong Kim,
More informationDetermining the optimal number of lymph nodes harvested during esophagectomy
Original Article Determining the optimal number of lymph nodes harvested during esophagectomy Khaldoun Almhanna, Jill Weber, Ravi Shridhar, Sarah Hoffe, Jonathan Strosberg, Kenneth Meredith Department
More informationNeuroendocrine Tumor of Unknown Primary Accompanied with Stomach Adenocarcinoma
J Gastric Cancer 2011;11(4):234-238 http://dx.doi.org/10.5230/jgc.2011.11.4.234 Case Report Neuroendocrine Tumor of Unknown Primary Accompanied with Stomach Adenocarcinoma Ho-Yeun Kim, Sung-Il Choi 1,
More informationCOLLECTING CANCER DATA: STOMACH AND ESOPHAGUS
COLLECTING CANCER DATA: STOMACH AND ESOPHAGUS 2017 2018 NAACCR WEBINAR SERIES Q&A Please submit all questions concerning webinar content through the Q&A panel. Reminder: If you have participants watching
More informationAlthough the international TNM classification system
Prognostic Significance of Perioperative Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Analysis of 1,000 Consecutive Resections for Clinical Stage I Disease Morihito Okada, MD, PhD, Wataru
More informationGastric Cancer Histopathology Reporting Proforma
Gastric Cancer Histopathology Reporting Proforma Mandatory questions (i.e. protocol standards) are in bold (e.g. S1.01). S1.01 Identification Family name Given name(s) Date of birth Sex Male Female Intersex/indeterminate
More informationViable Germ Cell Tumor at Postchemotherapy Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection. Can We Predict Patients at Risk of Disease Progression?
2700 Viable Germ Cell Tumor at Postchemotherapy Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection Can We Predict Patients at Risk of Disease Progression? Philippe E. Spiess, MD 1 Nizar M. Tannir, MD 2 Shi-Ming Tu,
More informationIs Desmoplasia a Protective Factor for Survival in Patients With Colorectal Carcinoma?
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY 2005;3:370 375 Is a Protective Factor for Survival in Patients With Colorectal Carcinoma? ALESSANDRO CAPORALE,* ANNA RITA VESTRI, EUGENIO BENVENUTO,* MAURO MARIOTTI,
More informationInvasive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast: a population-based study from the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database
Wang et al. BMC Cancer 2014, 14:147 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Invasive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast: a population-based study from the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database
More informationThe Prognostic Value of Ratio-Based Lymph Node Staging in Resected Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Original Article The Prognostic Value of Ratio-Based Lymph Node Staging in Resected Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer Chen Qiu, MD,* Wei Dong, MD,* Benhua Su, MBBS, Qi Liu, MD,* and Jiajun Du, PhD Introduction:
More informationJi-Feng Feng 1,2*, Ying Huang 3 and Qi-Xun Chen 1,2 WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
Feng et al. World Journal of Surgical Oncology 2014, 12:58 WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY RESEARCH Open Access Preoperative platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is superior to neutrophil lymphocyte ratio
More informationCoordinate Expression of Cytokeratins 7 and 20 in Prostate Adenocarcinoma and Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma
Anatomic Pathology / CYTOKERATINS 7 AND 20 IN PROSTATE AND BLADDER CARCINOMAS Coordinate Expression of Cytokeratins 7 and 20 in Prostate Adenocarcinoma and Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Nader H. Bassily,
More informationOptimization of treatment strategies and prognostication for patients with esophageal cancer Anderegg, M.C.J.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Optimization of treatment strategies and prognostication for patients with esophageal cancer Anderegg, M.C.J. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):
More informationAfter primary tumor treatment, 30% of patients with malignant
ESTS METASTASECTOMY SUPPLEMENT Alberto Oliaro, MD, Pier L. Filosso, MD, Maria C. Bruna, MD, Claudio Mossetti, MD, and Enrico Ruffini, MD Abstract: After primary tumor treatment, 30% of patients with malignant
More informationCorrelation between estrogen receptor β expression and the curative effect of endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients
1568 Correlation between estrogen receptor β expression and the curative effect of endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients LIYING GUO 1, YU ZHANG 2, WEI ZHANG 3 and DILIMINA YILAMU 1 1 Department of
More informationPrognostic Value of Plasma D-dimer in Patients with Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in China
1663 Ivyspring International Publisher Research Paper Journal of Cancer 2016; 7(12): 1663-1667. doi: 10.7150/jca.15216 Prognostic Value of Plasma D-dimer in Patients with Resectable Esophageal Squamous
More informationRadiotherapy and Conservative Surgery For Merkel Cell Carcinoma - The British Columbia Cancer Agency Experience
Radiotherapy and Conservative Surgery For Merkel Cell Carcinoma - The British Columbia Cancer Agency Experience Poster No.: RO-0003 Congress: RANZCR FRO 2012 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: C. Harrington,
More informationReduced Lymph Node Harvest after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer
The Journal of International Medical Research 2011; 39: 2086 2095 Reduced Lymph Node Harvest after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer Z-M WU 1, R-Y TENG 2, J-G SHEN 2, S-D XIE 2, C-Y XU 2,3 AND
More informationGeisinger Clinic Annual Progress Report: 2011 Nonformula Grant
Geisinger Clinic Annual Progress Report: 2011 Nonformula Grant Reporting Period July 1, 2012 June 30, 2013 Nonformula Grant Overview The Geisinger Clinic received $1,000,000 in nonformula funds for the
More informationNatural History and Treatment Trends in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Subtypes: Insights From a National Cancer Registry
2015;112:872 876 Natural History and Treatment Trends in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Subtypes: Insights From a National Cancer Registry PETER L. JERNIGAN, MD, KOFFI WIMA, MS, DENNIS J. HANSEMAN, PhD, RICHARD
More informationIndex. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 15 (2006) Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 15 (2006) 681 685 Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Ablative therapy, for liver metastases in patients with neuroendocrine tumors, 517 with radioiodine
More informationHistopathology of Endoscopic Resection Specimens from Barrett's Esophagus
Histopathology of Endoscopic Resection Specimens from Barrett's Esophagus Br J Surg 38 oct. 1950 Definition of Barrett's esophagus A change in the esophageal epithelium of any length that can be recognized
More informationEsophageal carcinoma is one of the most tedious
Subcarinal Node Metastasis in Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Jingeng Liu, MD,* YiHu,MD,* Xuan Xie, MD, and Jianhua Fu, MD Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University,
More informationSerotonin- and Somatostatin-Positive Goblet Cell Carcinoid of the Duodenum
2012 66 4 351 356 Serotonin- and Somatostatin-Positive Goblet Cell Carcinoid of the Duodenum a b* c c c a a b d a c b d 352 Ohara et al. received remedies at another hospital. Hematemesis then recurred
More informationComparison of the 6th and 7th Editions of the UICC-AJCC TNM Classification for Esophageal Cancer
Ann Surg Oncol (2012) 19:2142 2148 DOI 10.1245/s10434-012-2218-5 ORIGINAL ARTICLE THORACIC ONCOLOGY Comparison of the 6th and 7th Editions of the UICC-AJCC TNM Classification for Esophageal Cancer Koen
More informationPrognostic value of visceral pleura invasion in non-small cell lung cancer q
European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery 23 (2003) 865 869 www.elsevier.com/locate/ejcts Prognostic value of visceral pleura invasion in non-small cell lung cancer q Jeong-Han Kang, Kil Dong Kim, Kyung
More informationClinical Study Small Bowel Tumors: Clinical Presentation, Prognosis, and Outcomein33PatientsinaTertiaryCareCenter
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Oncology Volume 2008, Article ID 212067, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2008/212067 Clinical Study Small Bowel Tumors: Clinical Presentation, Prognosis, and Outcomein33PatientsinaTertiaryCareCenter
More informationOutcomes Following Negative Prostate Biopsy for Patients with Persistent Disease after Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Clinical Urology Post-radiotherapy Prostate Biopsy for Recurrent Disease International Braz J Urol Vol. 36 (1): 44-48, January - February, 2010 doi: 10.1590/S1677-55382010000100007 Outcomes Following Negative
More informationDelay in Diagnostic Workup and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer
J Gastrointest Surg (2010) 14:476 483 DOI 10.1007/s11605-009-1109-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE Delay in Diagnostic Workup and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer Brechtje A. Grotenhuis & Pieter van Hagen & Bas P. L.
More information