Potassium channels in oncology

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1 ..9 Oncology relevant VGCs Potassium channels in oncology HERG Eag II HISPANO- ITALIAN WORKSHOP ON THE MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOPHYSICS OF ION CHANNELS Kv.3 Yu & CaIerall Sci. STKE, 4, [DOI:.6/ stke.534re5] Eag. PutaXve structure Eag expression is very limited in peripheral Xssue Tissue

2 ..9 Oncogenic potenxal Immunohistochemistry using scfv anx Eag TransfecXon of Eag induces transformed phenotype Cancer- derived cell lines frequently express Eag Eag expression favors xenograb tumor progression Monoclonal antibody Recombinant single chain antibody AP-coupled single chain antibody x Blocked 4x Rüdiger Weseloh Hendrik Knötgen Bernhard Hemmerlein Eag expression in tumors GaXng movement Tumor type Cases Positive Oesophagus carcinoma 8% Gastric carcinoma 4 63% Colon carcinoma 48 78% Hepatocellular carcinoma 8 85% Gallbladder carcinoma 6 83% Pancreatic carcinoma 9 78% Renal cell carcinoma 8 84% Transitional cell carcinoma 5 8% Prostate carcinoma 57 98% Cervical carcinoma 9 78% Endometrial carcinoma % Cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary % Breast carcinoma % Bronchus carcinoma 83 6% Thyroid papillary carcinoma 9% Basalioma, spinalioma % Malignant melanoma 6 38% Fibrosarcoma 67% Leiomyosarcoma 6 73% Liposarcoma 3 56% Malignant fibrous histiocytoma 8% Rhabdomyosarcoma 7 8% Synovial sarcoma 75% Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia % Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 3 38% Acute Myeloid Leukemia 8 4% Total 8 7% Bernhard Hemmerlein Fernanda Mello de Queiroz

3 ..9 GaXng currents 5 4 µa 3 na 5 ms s Eag- induced tumor growth is not totally dependent on permeaxon 75 5 FvB/N #6 #4 5 < -6 >6 Age (weeks) Constanza Contreras 3

4 ..9 PrognosXc factors FAB (French, American, BriXsh) classificaxon of AML Designa(on Cell Subtype M MyeloblasXc, on special analysis M MyeloblasXc, without maturaxon M MyeloblasXc, with maturaxon M3 PromyelocXc M4 MyelomonocyXc M5 MonocyXc M6 Erythroleukemia Favorable t(8;) t(5;7) inv(6) Intermediate normal karyotype Poor delexon of chromosome 5 delexon of chromosome 7 trisomy 8 karyotype with > 3 abnormalixes increasing age a preceding myelodysplasxc phase secondary leukemia high WBC count absence of Auer rods. M7 MegakaryocyXc The FAB classificaxon alone does not predict response. WHO AML classificaxon Eag expression in leukemias AML with characteristic genetic abnormalities. o AML with t(8; )(q;q); (AML/ETO). o AML with inv(6)(p3q) or t(6;6)(p3; q); (CBF /MYH). o Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML with t(5;7)(q; q); (PML/RAR ) and variants) o AML with q3 (MLL) abnormalities. AML with an FLT3 mutation (not in the WHO classification scheme). AML with multilineage dysplasia. AML and MDS, therapy related. o Alkylating agent-related AML and MDS. o Topoisomerase II inhibitor-related AML. AML not otherwise categorized. o Acute myeloblastic leukemia, minimally differentiated (FAB Classification M). o Acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation (FAB Classification M). o Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation (FAB Classification M). o Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML) (FAB Classification M4). o Acute monoblastic leukemia and acute monocytic leukemia (FAB classifications M5a and M5b). o Acute erythroid leukemias (FAB classifications M6a and M6b). o Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (FAB Classification M7). AML/transient myeloproliferative disorder in Down syndrome. o Acute basophilic leukemia. o Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis. o Myeloid sarcoma. Acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage. 4

5 ..9 Eag expression correlates with shorter survival Eag expression frequency increases with age % 47% 53% >6 age group Cox analysis indicates that Eag expression has predicxve value as compared to karyotype and age alone 7 vs. months, p<.5 vs. 5 months, p<.5 Cell lines and paxent cells express Eag (flow cytometry) Eag inhibixon impairs proliferaxon of leukemia cells A B PLB-985 UT Time (Days) C 3 K-56 Control mab56 Astemizole Imipramine sirna D Time (Days).5 Primary cells (P4) Time (Days) Time (Days) Djannatian et al., Figure 3 5

6 ..9 Eag inhibixon impairs tumor cell growth Astemizole (in vivo) Tumor volume (mm 3) Start 3 4 Vehicle Cyclophosphamide Astemizole ( ) 5 All available Eag blockers affect both Eag and HERG: cardiac risk AlternaXve: New drugs Biologicals (anxbodies) Days after implant Hendrik Knötgen Marco Gymnopoulos AnXgen design High probability of coilded- coil near the C- terminus EAG 96 EAG 988 ERG 63 KCNQ α β 676 Rüdiger Weseloh 6

7 ..9 AnXgen design InhibiXon of Eag by mab56 E3 mab6 mab56 Normalized current at +4mV Normalized current at 4 mv Time (min) mab56 concentration (nm) Control mab56 mab6 min TCC min 5 pa ms David Gómez- Varela mab56 does not inhibit HERG Epitope locaxon mab56 Normalized current at +4 mv Time (min) CONTROL mab56 (3nM) pa 5 ms pa 5 ms mab6 David Gómez- Varela 7

8 ..9 mab56 inhibits tumor cell growth in vitro mab56 reduces tumor progression in vivo Relative Tumor Volume (%) 5 5 Number of colonies 5 5 mab56 Control κb Days after implantation Vehicle mab33 Vehicle mab56 mab33 Cytotoxic mab56 PBSMD# Cytotoxic wave# Antibody concentration (nm) Relative Tumor Volume (%) Days after implantation Esther Zwick- Wallasch Constanza Contreras Immunotargeted therapies 5xLys Protamine 6xHis ß- Galactosidase Pseudomonas ETX From. P.Carter. Nat Rev Cancer ;:8-9. strail Cys Oncogene (3), Shulin Wang and Wafik S El- Deiry 8

9 ..9 scfv6trail reduces growth of Eag- expressing cells scfv6trail induces DNA fragmentaxon of Eag- expressing cells treated untreated (3 x) ( x) Fgranziska Hartung Frauke Alves Bernhard Hemmerlein Hendrik Knötgen Araceli Sánchez Bryan Downie Franziska Hartung Fernanda Mello de Queiroz David Gómez- Varela Walter Stühmer 9