Science 9- Mr. Klasz

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Science 9- Mr. Klasz"

Transcription

1 Science 9- Mr. Klasz

2 Asexual reproduction requires only one parent. The offspring produced are identical to the parent. Asexual reproduction occurs in our somatic cells. This means all of our cells except for sperm cells in males and egg cells in females.

3 For three reasons: Growth We grow from one initial cell to an adult. Repair When we injure ourselves, our cells must reproduce asexually to replace this. Replacement Our cells are constantly being replaced. Most of our cells have a very short life span.

4 Our cells don t live for ever! Some are programmed to die (PCD-Programmed Cell Death). Some cells die when they are damaged and cannot function. Some cells die when they don t receive enough food or oxygen. These cells need to be replaced for our bodies to continue to function! 3 billion cells die every minute in your body!!! Our cells have varying life spans.

5

6 Asexual Reproduction/Mitosis! As we just stated-our cells are continually dying. As we age, they are either not replaced, or are replaced more slowly. When our cells stop replacing themselves at a fast pace, our skin wrinkles, our bones become weak, and we our immune system is weakened.

7 Our cells are programmed to die when something goes wrong, but cancerous cells cannot do this. When cells divide at an uncontrollably fast rate, cancer is created. The cancerous cells spread quickly, and starve the good cells of oxygen and food. The risk of cancer is increased by tobacco, radioactivity, UV radiation, etc

8 The first cell of a new organism is called the zygote. It is created by the fusion of the sperm cell and the egg cell. This cell will divide into two, these two cells will each divide into two more (four total cells) and so on to create the new organism. Each of these cells must contain identical genetic material.

9 If cells simply divided into two, there would be only a fraction of the original nucleus (and therefore original DNA) in each cell. To ensure that each cell has an entire set of chromosomes, each of our cells goes through what is called The Cell Cycle each time they divide.

10 The Cell cycle allows the cell time to under go the process of cell division (mitosis + cytokinesis), and replicate its DNA The majority of a cells life is spent in the interphase and growth portions of its cycle.

11 The cells of many plants and animals undergo the cell cycle explained on the previous slide. This includes all human cells except for our sex cells.

12 Interphase (preparing to begin mitosis) Mitosis (There are 4 phases) Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis (occurs after mitosis)

13 Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

14 Genetic material, called DNA, is found on the chromosomes located in the nucleus of a cell. The genetic material that makes up chromosomes is called chromatid. When the chromatid is duplicated, the two identical sister chromatids are attached in the middle by a centromere.

15 The period between cell divisions is called interphase. During this period, the cell grows and the genetic material (called chromatid) duplicates The duplicated sister chromatids attach in the middle by a centromere to create a double stranded chromosome. This process ensures that the same genetic information is passed on to each of the two new daughter cells.

16 During prophase: The double-stranded chromosomes condense (shorten and thicken) The nuclear membrane (the membrane surrounding the nucleus) starts to dissolve. The centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell The spindle fibers begin to form from the centrioles Spindle fibers attach to opposite ends of the centromeres

17

18 During metaphase: The spindle fibers tug on opposite sides of the centromere This tugging action causes the double-stranded chromosomes to form a straight line at the equator of the cell. This equator is called the metaphase plate.

19 During Anaphase The spindle fibers contract and shorten. This causes the centromere to split in two. One sister chromatid moves towards each pole of the cell. If this process is successful each daughter cell will have a complete set of identical genetic information.

20 During Telophase: The spindle fibers continue to shorten, pulling the sister chromatids all the way to opposite poles. The spindle fibers begin to disappear The nuclear membranes form around each set of single-stranded chromosomes. The chromosomes begin to uncoil into thin strands of chromatid. In animal cells, the cleavage furrow begins to form to divide the two new cells.

21

22 Cytokinesis happens after mitosis. During cytokinesis: Animal cells: The cell membrane pinches off near the middle of the cell, dividing the cytoplasm into two new cells. Plant cells: A cell plate develops across the centre of the cells, forming a new cell wall and two new cells.

23

24 Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase IPMATC Telophase Cytokinesis I Play Music At The Concert

Cell Division. The Process of Cell Division Section Section 10.2: The Process of Cell Division 12/8/2010

Cell Division. The Process of Cell Division Section Section 10.2: The Process of Cell Division 12/8/2010 The Process of Cell Division Section 10.2 Biology B Section 10.2: The Process of Cell Division The student will investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis. Key concepts

More information

Cell Division Mitosis Notes

Cell Division Mitosis Notes Cell Division Mitosis Notes Cell Division process by which a cell divides into 2 new cells Why do cells need to divide? 1.Living things grow by producing more cells, NOT because each cell increases in

More information

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

Mitosis and Cytokinesis B-2.6 Summarize the characteristics of the cell cycle: interphase (called G1, S, G2); the phases of mitosis (called prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase); and plant and animal cytokinesis. The

More information

Chapter 10. Cell Cycle - Mitosis

Chapter 10. Cell Cycle - Mitosis Chapter 10 Cell Cycle - Mitosis WHAT CELL REPRODUCTION ACCOMPLISHES Cell division plays important roles in the lives of organisms. Cell division replaces damaged or lost cells permits growth allows for

More information

The Cell Cycle. Biology

The Cell Cycle. Biology The Cell Cycle Biology Standards you are responsible for mastering. SB1a: Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining homeostasis

More information

The Cell Cycle. Biology

The Cell Cycle. Biology The Cell Cycle Biology Standards you are responsible for mastering. SB1a: Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining homeostasis

More information

Cell Division Mitosis Notes

Cell Division Mitosis Notes Cell Division Mitosis Notes Cell Division process by which a cell divides into 2 new cells Why do cells need to divide? 1.Living things grow by producing more cells, NOT because each cell increases in

More information

Cell Cycle. Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Cancer

Cell Cycle. Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Cancer Cell Cycle Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Cancer Cell Division One cell divides into 2 new identical daughter cells. Chromosomes carry the genetic information (traits) of the cell How many Chromosomes

More information

Cell Division (Mitosis)

Cell Division (Mitosis) Cell Division (Mitosis) Chromosomes The essential part of a chromosome is a single very long strand of DNA. This DNA contains all the genetic information for creating and running the organism. Each chromosome

More information

Mitosis and Cellular Division. EQ: How do the cells in our body divide?

Mitosis and Cellular Division. EQ: How do the cells in our body divide? Mitosis and Cellular Division EQ: How do the cells in our body divide? Cell division is the process by which cellular material is divided between two new daughter cells. 1 Mother Cell 2 Daughter cells.

More information

Cell Division Mitosis Notes

Cell Division Mitosis Notes Cell Division Mitosis Notes Cell Division process by which a cell divides into 2 new cells Why do cells need to divide? 1.Living things grow by producing more cells, NOT because each cell increases in

More information

Mitosis. AND Cell DiVISION

Mitosis. AND Cell DiVISION Mitosis AND Cell DiVISION Cell Division Characteristic of living things: ability to reproduce their own kind. Cell division purpose: When unicellular organisms such as amoeba divide to form offspring reproduction

More information

Why do cells divide? Cells divide in order to make more cells they multiply in order to create a larger surface to volume ratio!!!

Why do cells divide? Cells divide in order to make more cells they multiply in order to create a larger surface to volume ratio!!! Why do cells divide? Cells divide in order to make more cells they multiply in order to create a larger surface to volume ratio!!! Chromosomes Are made of chromatin: a mass of genetic material composed

More information

Mitosis. Cell Cycle. interphase. Five Phases. prophase. metaphase

Mitosis. Cell Cycle. interphase. Five Phases. prophase. metaphase Mitosis Have you ever wondered how living things grow? Living things are made of cells. To grow bigger, they need more cells. Where do the new cells come from? Each cell divides, turning into two cells.

More information

Mitosis: Cell Division

Mitosis: Cell Division Do Now: What process do you think this cartoon is describing? Mitosis: Cell Division Key Points On Cell Division Species must reproduce in order to survive from generation to generation. All living things

More information

Almost every cell in the human body has an identical set of 46 chromosomes, produced through the process of mitosis.

Almost every cell in the human body has an identical set of 46 chromosomes, produced through the process of mitosis. M I T O S I S Mitosis Mitosis is the type of cell division that occurs for growth (adding new cells) and repair (replacing old or damaged cells). It results in two daughter cells that have identical chromosomes

More information

Unit 4 Student Notes Cell Cycle

Unit 4 Student Notes Cell Cycle Name Date Unit 4 Student Notes Cell Cycle B-2.6 Summarize the characteristics of the cell cycle: interphase (called G1, S, G2); the phases of mitosis (called prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase);

More information

Mitosis & Meiosis. Diploid cells- (2n)- a cell that has 2 of each chromosome - 1 from mom, 1 from dad = 1 pair

Mitosis & Meiosis. Diploid cells- (2n)- a cell that has 2 of each chromosome - 1 from mom, 1 from dad = 1 pair Mitosis & Meiosis Diploid cells- (2n)- a cell that has 2 of each chromosome - 1 from mom, 1 from dad = 1 pair The pair is called homologous chromosomes The homologous chromosomes contain the same gene

More information

Chromosomes & Cell Division

Chromosomes & Cell Division Chromosomes & Cell Division Cell Division The growth and splitting of cells into two new, identical cells called daughter cells. Mitosis Meiosis DNA replicates Parent cell Chromosomes separate Cell division

More information

10-2 Cell Division. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

10-2 Cell Division. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 Cell Division Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cell Growth and Division In multicellular organisms, cell division makes new cells To replace old or damaged ones So organisms can grow In single-celled

More information

Chromosomes and Cell Cycle

Chromosomes and Cell Cycle Chromosomes and Cell Cycle Cell Basics There are trillions of cells in your body Cells are microscopic Cells have DNA inside a structure called the nucleus The nucleus is enclosed by a structure called

More information

The Cell Cycle. Chapter 10

The Cell Cycle. Chapter 10 The Cell Cycle Chapter 10 Why Do Cells Divide? Unicellular 1. Reproduction Multicellular 1. Grow 2. Repair 3. Development/reproduction Types of Division Prokaryotic cells Binary fission = asexual reproduction

More information

The Process of Cell Division

The Process of Cell Division Lesson Overview 10.2 The Process of Cell Division THINK ABOUT IT What role does cell division play in your life? Does cell division stop when you are finished growing? Chromosomes What is the role of chromosomes

More information

Chapter 10. Cell Growth and Division

Chapter 10. Cell Growth and Division Chapter 10 Cell Growth and Division Cell Growth A. Limits to Cell Growth 1. Two main reasons why cells divide: a. Demands on DNA as the cell get too large Cell Growth b. Moving nutrients and waste across

More information

DR. RAMESH U2 L3. MITOSIS and Cell Cycle

DR. RAMESH U2 L3. MITOSIS and Cell Cycle DR. RAMESH U2 L3 MITOSIS and Cell Cycle Do Now! Directions: Answer the following questions in complete sentences. 1. Describe how bacteria reproduce. Describe how cats reproduce.are there any similarities

More information

Mitosis: cell division that forms identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell (duplicate and divide)

Mitosis: cell division that forms identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell (duplicate and divide) Mitosis: cell division that forms identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell (duplicate and divide) Meiosis: cell division that forms daughter cells with half the number

More information

Cell Cycle Notes --PreAP

Cell Cycle Notes --PreAP Cell Cycle Notes --PreAP I. DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid; located in nucleus A. Long and thread-like DNA in a non-dividing cell B. Thick, short, coiled doubled DNA in a dividing cell chromosome 1. chromosome

More information

Chapter 10 Cell Growth and Division

Chapter 10 Cell Growth and Division Chapter 10 Cell Growth and Division 10 1 Cell Growth 2 Limits to Cell Growth The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on its DNA. In addition, the cell has more trouble moving enough

More information

Name Date Class. Interphase. (1) The. grows. DNA is duplicated.

Name Date Class. Interphase. (1) The. grows. DNA is duplicated. Concept Mapping The Cell Cycle Complete the cycle map about the cell cycle. These terms may be used more than once: cell, cytoplasm, metaphase, nuclear membrane, nucleoli, poles. (1) The Interphase grows.

More information

Essential Questions. Why are cells relatively small? What are the primary stages of the cell cycle? What are the stages of interphase?

Essential Questions. Why are cells relatively small? What are the primary stages of the cell cycle? What are the stages of interphase? Essential Questions Why are cells relatively small? What are the primary stages of the cell cycle? What are the stages of interphase? Cellular Growth Vocabulary Review selective permeability New cell cycle

More information

CELL CYCLE INTRODUCTION PART I ANIMAL CELL CYCLE INTERPHASE

CELL CYCLE INTRODUCTION PART I ANIMAL CELL CYCLE INTERPHASE CELL CYCLE INTRODUCTION The nuclei in cells of eukaryotic organisms contain chromosomes with clusters of genes, discrete units of hereditary information consisting of double-stranded DNA. Structural proteins

More information

10-2 Cell Division. Chromosomes

10-2 Cell Division. Chromosomes Cell Division In eukaryotes, cell division occurs in two major stages. The first stage, division of the cell nucleus, is called mitosis. The second stage, division of the cell cytoplasm, is called cytokinesis.

More information

Outline Interphase Mitotic Stage Cell Cycle Control Apoptosis Mitosis Mitosis in Animal Cells Cytokinesis Cancer Prokaryotic Cell Division

Outline Interphase Mitotic Stage Cell Cycle Control Apoptosis Mitosis Mitosis in Animal Cells Cytokinesis Cancer Prokaryotic Cell Division The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction Chapter 9 Outline Interphase Mitotic Stage Cell Cycle Control Apoptosis Mitosis Mitosis in Animal Cells Cytokinesis Cancer Prokaryotic Cell Division 1 2 Interphase

More information

Cell Size Limitations

Cell Size Limitations Cell Size Limitations Cells come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes. Considering this wide range of cells sizes, why then can t most organisms be just one giant cell? Diffusion limits cell size Although

More information

Chapter 10 Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction

Chapter 10 Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction Chapter 10 Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction Chromosomes Organisms grow by dividing of cells Binary Fission form of asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring (Bacteria) Eukaryotes have two

More information

NOTES- CHAPTER 6 CHROMOSOMES AND CELL REPRODUCTION

NOTES- CHAPTER 6 CHROMOSOMES AND CELL REPRODUCTION NOTES- CHAPTER 6 CHROMOSOMES AND CELL REPRODUCTION Section I Chromosomes Formation of New Cells by Cell Division New cells are formed when old cells divide. 1. Cell division is the same as cell reproduction.

More information

Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction

Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction Why are cells small? What are some of the difficulties a cell faces as it increases in size? Difficulties Larger Cells Have: More demands on its DNA Less efficient

More information

Cell Division. Introduction. Chromatin, Chromosomes, and Chromatids, Oh My! The Cell Cycle

Cell Division. Introduction. Chromatin, Chromosomes, and Chromatids, Oh My! The Cell Cycle Introduction Cell Division Just like a butterfly passes through different phases (such as caterpillar, chrysalis, and adult butterfly) there are a series of phases in a cell's life as it gets ready to

More information

KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. The cell cycle has 4 main stages. The cell cycle is a regular

KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. The cell cycle has 4 main stages. The cell cycle is a regular Chapter 10 Chapter 10 KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. The cell cycle has 4 main stages. The cell cycle is a regular pattern of growth, DNA replication,

More information

Unit 6: CELL DIVISION PACKET

Unit 6: CELL DIVISION PACKET Unit 6: CELL DIVISION PACKET This packet is designed to help you understand several concepts about Cell Division. As you practice the exercises on each handout, you will be able to: Use a model to illustrate

More information

The larger a cell becomes: 1) the more demands the cell places on its. 2) the more trouble the cell has moving enough and across the cell membrane.

The larger a cell becomes: 1) the more demands the cell places on its. 2) the more trouble the cell has moving enough and across the cell membrane. 10 1 Cell Growth Why are cells small? The larger a cell becomes: 1) the more demands the cell places on its. 2) the more trouble the cell has moving enough and across the cell membrane. The rate at which

More information

Genes and Proteins. Key points: The DNA must be copied and then divided exactly so that each cell gets an identical copy.

Genes and Proteins. Key points: The DNA must be copied and then divided exactly so that each cell gets an identical copy. Mitosis Genes and Proteins Proteins do the work of the cell: growth, maintenance, response to the environment, reproduction, etc. Proteins are chains of amino acids. The sequence of amino acids in each

More information

Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Cell Cycle and Mitosis Cell Cycle and Mitosis Name Period A# THE CELL CYCLE The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a eukaryotic cell between its formation and the moment it replicates

More information

Organisms that reproduce Sexually are made up of two different types of cells.

Organisms that reproduce Sexually are made up of two different types of cells. MEIOSIS Organisms that reproduce Sexually are made up of two different types of cells. 1. Somatic Cells are body cells and contain the normal number of chromosomes.called the Diploid number (the symbol

More information

Mitosis: Cell Division

Mitosis: Cell Division Name Mitosis: Cell Division by Cindy Grigg Answer the following questions BEFORE you read this book. It is okay if you do not know as much as you thought. Do the best you can! 1.How do children grow? Do

More information

Name: Date: Block: 10-2 Cell Division Worksheet

Name: Date: Block: 10-2 Cell Division Worksheet 10-2 Cell Division Worksheet W hat do you think would happen if a cell were simple to split into two, without any advance preparation? Would each daughter cell have everything it needed to survive? Because

More information

Unit 6: Study Guide Cell Division. diploid gene allele interphase (G1, S, G2) prophase metaphase anaphase

Unit 6: Study Guide Cell Division. diploid gene allele interphase (G1, S, G2) prophase metaphase anaphase Unit 6: Study Guide Cell Division 1. Define: chromatin chromosome chromatid pair (sister chromatid) centromere spindle fibers haploid diploid gene allele interphase (G1, S, G2) prophase metaphase anaphase

More information

The Cell Cycle. Packet #9. Thursday, August 20, 2015

The Cell Cycle. Packet #9. Thursday, August 20, 2015 1 The Cell Cycle Packet #9 2 Introduction Cell Cycle An ordered sequence of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell and is a cellular asexual reproduction. The contents of the parent s cell nucleus

More information

10-2 Cell Division mitosis. cytokinesis. Chromosomes chromosomes Slide 1 of 38

10-2 Cell Division mitosis. cytokinesis. Chromosomes chromosomes Slide 1 of 38 In eukaryotes, cell division occurs in two major stages. The first stage, division of the cell nucleus, is called mitosis. The second stage, division of the cell cytoplasm, is called cytokinesis. Chromosomes

More information

Vocabulary: cell division, centriole, centromere, chromatid, chromatin, chromosome, cytokinesis, DNA, interphase, mitosis

Vocabulary: cell division, centriole, centromere, chromatid, chromatin, chromosome, cytokinesis, DNA, interphase, mitosis Cell Division Answer Key Vocabulary: cell division, centriole, centromere, chromatid, chromatin, chromosome, cytokinesis, DNA, interphase, mitosis Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

More information

The Cell Cycle CHAPTER 12

The Cell Cycle CHAPTER 12 The Cell Cycle CHAPTER 12 The Key Roles of Cell Division cell division = reproduction of cells All cells come from pre-exisiting cells Omnis cellula e cellula Unicellular organisms division of 1 cell reproduces

More information

Genetics and Cellular Function

Genetics and Cellular Function Genetics and Cellular Function DNA replication and the cell cycle Mitosis Mitosis Mitosis: division of cells that results in daughter cells with the same the genetic information that the original cell

More information

10-2 Cell Division. Slide 1 of 38. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

10-2 Cell Division. Slide 1 of 38. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 1 of 38 Cell Division In eukaryotes, cell division occurs in two major stages. The first stage, division of the cell nucleus, is called mitosis. The second stage, division of the cell cytoplasm, is called

More information

11/13/2013. Cell Size Limitations. Diffusion limits cell size. Surface area-to-volume ratio

11/13/2013. Cell Size Limitations. Diffusion limits cell size. Surface area-to-volume ratio Cell Size Limitations Section Objectives Sequence the events of the cell cycle. Relate the function of a cell to its organization in tissues, organs, and organ systems. Cells come in a wide variety of

More information

The Cell Cycle. Materials 2 pipe cleaners of one color and 2 of another color Drawing paper

The Cell Cycle. Materials 2 pipe cleaners of one color and 2 of another color Drawing paper The Cell Cycle Introduction When the cell has reached its growth potential it will begin to divide. Additionally, if a cell has become damaged or worn out it can be replaced by surrounding cells through

More information

3/19/17. Chromosomes. Chromosome Structure. Chromosome Structure. Chromosome Structure. Chapter 10: Cell Growth & Division

3/19/17. Chromosomes. Chromosome Structure. Chromosome Structure. Chromosome Structure. Chapter 10: Cell Growth & Division Chapter 10: Cell Growth & Division Section 2: The Process of Cell Division Chromosomes DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) a molecule that stores genetic information, which controls the development and functioning

More information

Section Cell Growth. A. Limits to Cell Growth 1. DNA Overload 2. Exchanging Materials 3. Ratio of Surface Area to Volume 4.

Section Cell Growth. A. Limits to Cell Growth 1. DNA Overload 2. Exchanging Materials 3. Ratio of Surface Area to Volume 4. Getting Through Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect how efficiently materials get to all

More information

Cellular Reproduction

Cellular Reproduction Section 1: Cellular Growth Section 2: Mitosis and Cytokinesis Section 3: Cell Cycle Regulation Click on a lesson name to select. Section 1 Cellular Growth Ratio of Surface Area to Volume Section 1 Cellular

More information

Chapter 8: Cellular Reproduction

Chapter 8: Cellular Reproduction Chapter 8: Cellular Reproduction 1. The Cell Cycle 2. Mitosis 3. Meiosis 2 Types of Cell Division 2n 1n Mitosis: occurs in somatic cells (almost all cells of the body) generates cells identical to original

More information

Prentice Hall Biology Slide 1 of 38

Prentice Hall Biology Slide 1 of 38 Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 38 2 of 38 In eukaryotes, cell division occurs in two major stages. The first stage, division of the cell nucleus, is called mitosis. The second stage, division of the cell cytoplasm,

More information

Unduplicated. Chromosomes. Telophase

Unduplicated. Chromosomes. Telophase 10-2 Cell Division The Cell Cycle Interphase Mitosis Prophase Cytokinesis G 1 S G 2 Chromatin in Parent Nucleus & Daughter Cells Chromatin Daughter Nuclei Telophase Mitotic Anaphase Metaphase Use what

More information

Unit 4: Cell Division Guided Notes

Unit 4: Cell Division Guided Notes Unit 4: Cell Division Guided Notes 1 Chromosomes are structures that contain material When Eukaryotes are not dividing, DNA and Proteins are in a mass called: When the cell divides, it condenses and becomes

More information

Cell Cycle/Mitosis -Notes-

Cell Cycle/Mitosis -Notes- Cell Cycle/Mitosis -Notes- LIMITS TO CELL GROWTH The a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on DNA. Additionally, the cell has more trouble moving enough and wastes across the cell membrane.

More information

Chapter 8 The Cell Cycle

Chapter 8 The Cell Cycle What molecule stores your genetic information or determines everything about you? DNA a nucleic acid How are DNA molecules arranged in the nucleus? As you can see DNA is: Chapter 8 The Cell Cycle 1. Arranged

More information

Biology Unit 7. Cell Division

Biology Unit 7. Cell Division Biology Unit 7 Cell Division Why would a cell want to divide? Reasons Cells Divide To avoid getting too big (cells not the organism) To help an organism grow and organize To replace old cells Cell Size

More information

meiosis asexual reproduction CHAPTER 9 & 10 The Cell Cycle, Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles Sexual reproduction mitosis

meiosis asexual reproduction CHAPTER 9 & 10 The Cell Cycle, Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles Sexual reproduction mitosis meiosis asexual reproduction CHAPTER 9 & 10 The Cell Cycle, Meiosis & Sexual Sexual reproduction Life Cycles mitosis Chromosomes Consists of a long DNA molecule (represents thousands of genes) Also consists

More information

Montana Comprehensive Assessment System (MontCAS, Phase 2)

Montana Comprehensive Assessment System (MontCAS, Phase 2) Montana Comprehensive Assessment System (MontCAS, Phase 2) Criterion-Referenced Test (CRT) Common Constructed-Response Item Release Science, Grade 10 2008 OFFICE OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 2008 Measured Progress.

More information

Today you need: notebook, pen or pencil, textbook, colors to share, colored paper foldable. later

Today you need: notebook, pen or pencil, textbook, colors to share, colored paper foldable. later CELL DIVISION Objectives Students will learn what causes a cell to divide and how it happens. They will explore all parts of the cell cycle and mitosis. They will discuss what happens when this process

More information

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division Content Vocabulary Directions: On each line, write the term from the word bank that correctly replaces the underlined words in each sentence. NOTE: You may need to change a term to its plural form. cell

More information

CHAPTER 8 CELL REPRODUCTION

CHAPTER 8 CELL REPRODUCTION CHAPTER 8 CELL REPRODUCTION CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE Structures in the nucleus that carry genetic information Composed of DNA coiled around proteins called histones Consists of 2 identical parts called sister

More information

MITOSIS AND THE CELL CYCLE PowerPoint Notes

MITOSIS AND THE CELL CYCLE PowerPoint Notes 1 Name: Date: MITOSIS AND THE CELL CYCLE PowerPoint Notes THE FUNCTIONS OF CELL DIVISION 1. Cell division is vital for all. living organisms This is the only process that can create. new cells 2. Cell

More information

Cellular Reproduction, Part 1: Mitosis Lecture 10 Fall 2008

Cellular Reproduction, Part 1: Mitosis Lecture 10 Fall 2008 Cell Theory 1 Cellular Reproduction, Part 1: Mitosis Lecture 10 Fall 2008 Cell theory: All organisms are made of cells All cells arise from preexisting cells How do new cells arise? Cell division the reproduction

More information

Nucleus. centriole spindle prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis

Nucleus. centriole spindle prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis Nucleus VOCABULARY: chromatid centromere interphase cell cycle mitosis centriole spindle prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis How big do you think the largest cell is? Yolk of ostrich egg

More information

Chapter 12. The Cell Cycle

Chapter 12. The Cell Cycle Chapter 12 The Cell Cycle The Key Roles of Cell Division The ability of organisms to produce more of their own kind is the one characteristic that best distinguishes living things from nonliving things.

More information

Pre-Test. 4. Inside of cells, nearly all the genes are located on special structures known as microtubules.

Pre-Test. 4. Inside of cells, nearly all the genes are located on special structures known as microtubules. 1 Pre-Test Directions: Answer each question TRUE OR FALSE. 1. Cells in the bodies of multicelled creatures, such as humans, are reproduced in a way that is very similar to the method used by most protozoa.

More information

Part I: The Cell Cycle

Part I: The Cell Cycle Cellular Differentiation Part I: The Cell Cycle During your lifetime, trillions of your cells will undergo the cell cycle. This process allows you to grow, heal, and maintain your vital tissues and organs.

More information

Stages of Mitosis. Introduction

Stages of Mitosis. Introduction Name: Due: Stages of Mitosis Introduction Mitosis, also called karyokinesis, is division of the nucleus and its chromosomes. It is followed by division of the cytoplasm known as cytokinesis. Both mitosis

More information

Creating Identical Body Cells

Creating Identical Body Cells Creating Identical Body Cells 5.A Students will describe the stages of the cell cycle, including DNA replication and mitosis, and the importance of the cell cycle to the growth of organisms 5.D Students

More information

Name: Cell division and cancer review

Name: Cell division and cancer review Name: Cell division and cancer review 1. What type of cell undergoes meiosis? Gamete cells or Somatic cells 2. Define homologous chromosomes. 2 chromosomes with similar structure 3. For each of the following

More information

NOTES: Cell Growth and Division. centriole spindle prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis

NOTES: Cell Growth and Division. centriole spindle prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis NOTES: 10.1 10.2 Cell Growth and Division centriole spindle prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis How big do you think the largest cell is? Yolk of ostrich egg ~8 cm in diameter Average cell

More information

5/25/2015. Replication fork. Replication fork. Replication fork. Replication fork

5/25/2015. Replication fork. Replication fork. Replication fork. Replication fork Mutations Chapter 5 Cellular Functions Lecture 3: and Cell Division Most DNA mutations alter the protein product May Make it function better (rarely) Change its function Reduce its function Make it non-functional

More information

Mitosis Flap Book Excludes Prometaphase

Mitosis Flap Book Excludes Prometaphase Mitosis Flap Book Excludes Prometaphase TEACHER S INSTRUCTIONS 1) Choose one of the foldables from the choices below. Three Color Choices Black & White Cells without Chromosomes Choose this option if you

More information

Ploidy and Human Cell Types. Cell Cycle and Mitosis. DNA and Chromosomes. Where It All Began 11/19/2014. Chapter 12 Pg

Ploidy and Human Cell Types. Cell Cycle and Mitosis. DNA and Chromosomes. Where It All Began 11/19/2014. Chapter 12 Pg Ploidy and Human Cell Types Cell Cycle and Mitosis Chapter 12 Pg. 228 245 Cell Types Somatic cells (body cells) have 46 chromosomes, which is the diploid chromosome number. A diploid cell is a cell with

More information

The Cell Cycle MITOSIS

The Cell Cycle MITOSIS The Cell Cycle MITOSIS Outcomes 1. Explain the events of the cell cycle Interphase Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 2. Use a simulation to demonstrate the behaviour of chromosomes

More information

The Cell Cycle Guided Reading

The Cell Cycle Guided Reading Name Date Period 1. List three things that multi-celled organisms need cell division for. a. b. c. 2. Why do single-celled organisms need to go through cell division? 3. What is the cell cycle? 4. True

More information

U3.2.3: Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear DNA molecules associated with histone proteins. (Oxford Biology Course Companion page 151).

U3.2.3: Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear DNA molecules associated with histone proteins. (Oxford Biology Course Companion page 151). Cell Division Study Guide U3.2.3: Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear DNA molecules associated with histone proteins. (Oxford Biology Course Companion page 151). 1. Describe the structure of eukaryotic DNA

More information

Cell plate Carcinogen Oncogenes. Haploid cell Diploid cell Chromosome. Telophase Keywords Mitosis

Cell plate Carcinogen Oncogenes. Haploid cell Diploid cell Chromosome. Telophase Keywords Mitosis Cell Division Cell plate Carcinogen Oncogenes Haploid cell Diploid cell Chromosome Gene Interphase Anaphase Metaphase Telophase Keywords Mitosis Meiosis Centromere Cleavage furrow Middle lamella What is

More information

SNC2D BIOLOGY 3/17/2013 STAGE 3. TISSUES, ORGANS & SYSTEMS OF L The Cell Cycle (P.28-32) The Cell Cycle. The Cell Cycle

SNC2D BIOLOGY 3/17/2013 STAGE 3. TISSUES, ORGANS & SYSTEMS OF L The Cell Cycle (P.28-32) The Cell Cycle. The Cell Cycle SNC2D BIOLOGY TISSUES, ORGANS & SYSTEMS OF L The Cell Cycle (P.28-32) The Cell Cycle Cell division affects how an organism grows, repairs injuries, and reproduces. Just as you will go through many stages

More information

Chapter 5: Cell Growth and Division

Chapter 5: Cell Growth and Division Chapter 5: Cell Growth and Division 1 Background Info Formation of New Cells ~2 trillion cells formed/day in human body ~25 million cells/second Cell division = cell reproduction DNA must be copied before

More information

-The cell s hereditary endowment of DNA -Usually packaged into chromosomes for manageability

-The cell s hereditary endowment of DNA -Usually packaged into chromosomes for manageability Binary Fission-Bacterial Cell Division -Asexual reproduction of prokaryotes -No mitosis -Circular DNA and organelles replicate, the copies migrate to opposite sides of the elongating cell, and the cell

More information

Unit 2: Reproduction and Development. The Cell Cycle

Unit 2: Reproduction and Development. The Cell Cycle PAGE : 1 The Cell Cycle Cell Cycle: A continuous series of cell growth and division for a cell. All cells go through a cell cycle of some sort. The cell cycle consists of two stages. a. Growth Phase Diagram

More information

The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the number of chromosomes, are produced. Chromosomes

The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the number of chromosomes, are produced. Chromosomes & Karyotypes The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the number of chromosomes, are produced. Homologous Chromosomes Pair of chromosomes (maternal and paternal) that are similar in shape,

More information

Omnis cellula e cellula

Omnis cellula e cellula Chapter 12 The Cell Cycle Omnis cellula e cellula 1855- Rudolf Virchow German scientist all cells arise from a previous cell Every cell from a cell In order for this to be true, cells must have the ability

More information

Cell Division. Chromosome structure. Made of chromatin (mix of DNA and protein) Only visible during cell division

Cell Division. Chromosome structure. Made of chromatin (mix of DNA and protein) Only visible during cell division Chromosome structure Made of chromatin (mix of DNA and protein) Only visible during cell division Chromosome structure The DNA in a cell is packed into an elaborate, multilevel system of coiling and folding.

More information

Biology is the only subject in which multiplication is the same thing as division

Biology is the only subject in which multiplication is the same thing as division Biology is the only subject in which multiplication is the same thing as division 2007-2008 The Cell Cycle: Cell Growth, Cell Division Ch. 10 Where it all began You started as a cell smaller than a period

More information

MITOSIS AND THE CELL CYCLE PowerPoint Notes

MITOSIS AND THE CELL CYCLE PowerPoint Notes 1 Name: Date: MITOSIS AND THE CELL CYCLE PowerPoint Notes THE FUNCTIONS OF CELL DIVISION 1. Cell division is vital for all. This is the process that can create. 2. Cell Division always involves main processes:

More information

MITOSIS INTRODUCTION. Cytokinesis. centromere. DNA Replication S-Phase. One Chromosome Two Chromatids. One Chromosome No Chromatids 10.

MITOSIS INTRODUCTION. Cytokinesis. centromere. DNA Replication S-Phase. One Chromosome Two Chromatids. One Chromosome No Chromatids 10. MITOSIS INTRODUCTION Cell reproduction usually involves two processes: 1) mitosis is the orderly separation and division of chromosomes in the nucleus and 2) cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm.

More information

Major concepts: Notes: Cell Reproduction: From One Cell to Two. Why do Cells Reproduce?

Major concepts: Notes: Cell Reproduction: From One Cell to Two. Why do Cells Reproduce? Grade 7 Standard: Life Science 1e Students know cells divide to increase their numbers through a process of mitosis, which results in two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes. Major concepts:

More information

Chapter 2. Mitosis and Meiosis

Chapter 2. Mitosis and Meiosis Chapter 2. Mitosis and Meiosis Chromosome Theory of Heredity What structures within cells correspond to genes? The development of genetics took a major step forward by accepting the notion that the genes

More information

CELL CYCLE INTRODUCTION PART I ANIMAL CELL CYCLE INTERPHASE EVOLUTION/HEREDITY UNIT. Activity #3

CELL CYCLE INTRODUCTION PART I ANIMAL CELL CYCLE INTERPHASE EVOLUTION/HEREDITY UNIT. Activity #3 AP BIOLOGY EVOLUTION/HEREDITY UNIT Unit 1 Part 3 Chapter 12 Activity #3 INTRODUCTION CELL CYCLE NAME DATE PERIOD The nuclei in cells of eukaryotic organisms contain chromosomes with clusters of genes,

More information